acid-phosphatase and Rhabdomyosarcoma

Acid phosphatase activity measured in a methylocholanthrene-induced murine rhabdomyosarcoma showed a monotonically increasing relation between enzyme activity and tumour volume. This could be related to the lytic activity of the enzyme in large tumours which become more hypoxic and necrotic, and hence enhance degradation and turnover of damaged tumour cells. The tumours were also subjected to irradiation using doses of 2.0, 3.8 and 6.0 Gy from a neutron therapy facility p(66MeV)/Be. The correlation between different doses and response of acid phosphatase activity could reflect the relation of magnitude of damage from metabolic disturbances, with dose. Furthermore exogenous ATP was shown to provide radioprotective action against neutron irradiation in two different experiments. The ATP reduced the activity of this lytic enzyme in irradiated tumours and also decreased tumour growth delay. This radioprotective role of exogenous ATP in a murine tumour could be related to physiological regulatory processes during defence mechanisms to maintain self-organisation in response to the radiation damage.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Combined Modality Therapy; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Energy Transfer; Fast Neutrons; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Radiotherapy Dosage; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Fibrosarcoma; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Humans; Liposarcoma; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Tartrates

Six rhabdomyosarcomas were assessed by means of a battery of enzyme histochemical methods. The reactions were compared with those of a small number of other tumours belonging to the small-cell tumour category. Four of the rhabdomyosarcomas were positive for myophosphorylase and acetylcholinesterase. Myoblasts were strongly reactive for adenosine triphosphatase at alkaline pH and after acid pre-incubation, whereas the small undifferentiated neoplastic cell of the four alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas showed also discernible cytoplasmic reaction, but only after acid pre-incubation. Other tumour categories revealed positive staining for adenosine triphosphatase with acid pre-incubation but the degree of reaction was minimal by comparison. Other enzyme reactions were variable and, generally, did not distinguish between different tumour categories. It is concluded that enzyme histochemistry has a potential role in the diagnostic evaluation of the small cell tumour and should be included in the growing list of special techniques that may assist the pathologist confronted with this problem.

Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Infant; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Male; Neoplasms; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms

A case of a pure heterologous sarcoma of the uterine corpus composed exclusively of rhabdomyosarcomatous elements has been studied by multiple morphologic and biochemical techniques. The neoplasm filled the endometrial cavity and protruded out the cervical os, but the myometrium was only superficially invaded. The tumor did not extend outside the corpus. The pathologic features are discussed in detail. Evidence of striated muscle differentiation could be identified on light microscopic and ultrastructural examination. Immunoperoxidase staining of tumor cells with antibodies to myoglobin were positive. Histochemical preparations for lactate dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase were also positive in neoplastic cells. Other stains gave equivocal or negative results. These findings are discussed in comparison with previous reports.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hysterectomy; Immunoenzyme Techniques; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Microscopy, Electron; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms

Nine tumour lines with different developmental capacities were derived from spontaneous as well as from one induced teratocarcinoma: three teratocarcinoma-derived rhabdomyosarcomas TDR 602, TDR 694, and TDR 114; two teratocarcinoma-derived neuroblastomas TDN 2151 and TDN 2283; two teratocarcinoma-derived endodermal tumours TDE 274 and TDE 113; one multipotential teratocarcinoma OTT 2289, and one undifferentiated teratocarcinoma OTT 2158. Quantitative analyses of ten catabolic enzymes, i.e. alkaline and acid phosphatase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, alpha-fucosidase, beta-glucuronidase, and hexosaminidase were carried out at the 20-cell level, and specific enzyme activity profiles were established for each of the tumour lines studied. These profiles may be used for the biochemical identification of a tumour type at the single cell level in addition to morphological and biological criteria.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Glycoside Hydrolases; Histocytochemistry; Kinetics; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neuroblastoma; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Teratoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Estrogens; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prognosis; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiotherapy, High-Energy; Rhabdomyosarcoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma; Colonic Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Histocytochemistry; Histological Techniques; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphoma; Male; Melanoma; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Pathology; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Sarcoma; Staining and Labeling; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms