acid-phosphatase and Polyps

To decribe a case of rare type of vaginal polyp.. Case report.. Department of Pathological Anatomy, Regional hospital Nachod.. Tubulo-squamous polyp is rare type of vaginal polyp first described in 2007, with only up to 20 cases have been reported in the literature so far. It affects mostly postmenopausal women and presents as a polypoid mass occurring in the upper part of vagina. Histologically, it is composed of squamous and glandular component within fibrous stroma. The etiopathogenesis of this lesion remains unclear, but it may arise from mesonephric remnants or Skene glands (so-called female prostate). This theory is supported by the fact that some cases show expression of prostate specific acid phosphatase (PSAP) and/or prostate specific antigen (PSA).

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed; Polyps; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Vaginal Neoplasms

The investigators report a series of prostatic-type lesions occurring in the lower female genital tract. The cases included a 4.5-cm mass representing hyperplasia of the glandular and stromal tissue of paraurethral Skene gland, a small ectopic prostatic lesion in the vulva, and 4 tubulosquamous vaginal polyps. All lesions were immunopositive for prostate-specific antigen and/or prostatic acid phosphatase. A brief discussion of the earlier published material is included.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Choristoma; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed; Polyps; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Urethra; Vaginal Neoplasms; Vulvar Diseases

We report 10 cases of a morphologically distinct vaginal polyp which has hitherto not been characterized. The polyps occurred in women aged 39 to 78 years (most were postmenopausal) and were from 1.0 to 3.0 cm. Most of whose location is known to us were in the upper vagina. Histologically, all the polyps were remarkably similar and composed of well-circumscribed expansile nests of epithelial cells embedded in a hypocellular fibrous stroma. The epithelial elements, which were morphologically bland, were predominantly glycogenated or nonglycogenated squamous in type but small tubules were present at the periphery of some of the nests in all cases. Some of the squamous nests exhibited central necrosis with or without calcification and, in 3 cases, some contained keratin pearls. In 3 cases, a few tubules unassociated with squamous elements were present. In 3 of 4 cases tested, the cells lining the tubules were positive with prostatic acid phosphatase and in 2 of 4 with prostate-specific antigen. The epithelial elements reacted with broad-spectrum cytokeratins and cytokeratin 7 but the mesenchymal component was negative. The squamous elements were estrogen receptor positive and the mesenchymal component estrogen and progesterone receptor positive. The histologic features of this polyp, which we term "tubulo-squamous polyp of the vagina," are constant and distinctive and differ from other polyps and from mixed tumor of the vagina. Several cases reported in the literature as vaginal mixed tumor or Brenner tumor are likely examples of this entity. Possible theories of histogenesis include a Mullerian origin, derivation from mesonephric remnants or derivation from urogenital sinus-derived epithelium. Positive staining in some cases with prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen raises the possibility of ectopic prostatic tissue, although the overall appearance is different from that entity, or derivation from paraurethral Skene glands, the female equivalent of prostatic glands in the male.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Brenner Tumor; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed; Polyps; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Vaginal Neoplasms

The clinico-pathological features of nine urethral and urinary bladder polyps with prostate-type epithelium are described. The average age of the patients was 46 years. Three patients previously had cystoscopy and the lesion was not noticed on the initial examination. The commonest presentation in this series was haematuria, dysuria and frequency of micturition. One patient presented with postmicturition dribble and another with haemospermia. The polyps contained acini and papillae lined by prostate-type epithelium which was confirmed by immunohistochemical tests for prostate specific antigen and prostate acid phosphatase. In this series no age versus location relationship could be established. Symptoms resolved following resection or initial biopsy followed by fulguration. Recurrence is extremely rare.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Epithelium; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Polyps; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Urethral Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of difficult, frequent urination to our hospital. Transrectal echography and digital examination showed chronic prostatitis. He was treated with medication for chronic prostatitis but his condition did not improve. Retrograde urethrography revealed an obstructive change in the prostatic urethra and urethroscopic findings showed a urethral tumor in the posterior urethra. Transurethral resection of the tumor was performed. Pathological diagnosis of the urethral tumor indicated a urethral caruncle. After one year, the patient was readmitted to our hospital with the same complaints as before. Urethroscopic findings revealed the recurrence of a urethral polyp in the posterior urethra. Transurethral resection of the polyp was performed. Pathological findings revealed that the inner structure of the polyp showed a prostatic glandular pattern that after staining with anti-prostatic acid phosphatase antibody. The final diagnosis was that the polyp had a prostatic-type epithelium in the prostatic urethra.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Polyps; Prostate; Urethral Neoplasms

The clinicohistologic features of seven urethral and four urinary bladder polyps with prostatic-type epithelium are described. The average age of the patients was 50 years. Seven patients had prior cystoscopies and in none of them was the lesion noted initially. Histologically the lesions were papillary or polypoid and the surface was lined predominantly by prostatic-type epithelium with interspersed transitional epithelial cells or by transitional epithelium with interspersed prostatic-type epithelial cells. The prostatic-type columnar cells contained foamy, faintly eosinophilic cytoplasm, which stained strongly for prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase. In all the lesions, there were prostatic acini in the underlying fibrovascular stroma, which was devoid of smooth muscle. The intermingling of prostatic-type cells and transitional epithelium, on the surface of the polyps, the absence of lesions at previous cystoscopies, the coexistence of cystitis cystica glandularis (a metaplastic lesion), and the older age group of our patients suggest that the prostatic-type epithelium in the polyps of urethra and urinary bladder is an acquired lesion, most likely a metaplastic response of transitional epithelium, which embryologically was multipotential.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Antigens, Neoplasm; Cystitis; Epithelium; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Metaplasia; Middle Aged; Polyps; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Urethra; Urethral Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Acquired polyps of the male urethra often present with hematuria and sometimes hemospermia. The histogenesis of these tumors has been debated. We report a case of a prostatic urethral polyp that proved to be of prostatic epithelial differentiation, as demonstrated by immunohistochemical identification of prostatic acid phosphatase and prostatic specific antigen within the tumor cells.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Antigens; Epithelium; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Polyps; Prostate; Urethral Neoplasms

Epithelial polyps of the prostatic urethra are an uncommon and histologically heterogeneous group of lesions. We review the clinical and histologic features of a series of seven such polyps. Six were composed of prostatic-type epithelium. In five instances the epithelium was entirely histologically identical to that of normal prostate. One case contained foci of stratified, mitotically active cells, suggesting adenomatous transformation. All six stained intensely for both prostatic acid phosphatase and prostatic specific antigen. The seventh polyp was cytologically different. It was composed of flattened to cuboidal cells that did not stain for either antigen. All patients were treated by transurethral excision, and none of the six with follow-up developed a recurrence.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Antigens; Epithelium; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Polyps; Prostate; Staining and Labeling; Urethral Neoplasms

A 77-year-old man had a papillary neoplasm of the prostatic urethra removed by transurethral resection. Light microscopically, much of the tissue consisted of a benign villous polyp lined by prostatic epithelium. An adenocarcinoma with cells that resembled those of uterine endometrial carcinoma was also present within the villous polyp. Using immunoperoxidase techniques, prostatic acid phosphatase and prostatic-specific antigen were localized in the epithelial cells of both the villous polyp and the adenocarcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of adenocarcinoma arising in a urethral polyp. The immunohistochemical findings and the close association of the adenocarcinoma with the prostatic epithelium of the villous polyp provided evidence that so-called endometrial carcinoma of the prostatic utricle is of prostatic epithelial origin rather than müllerian derivation.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Polyps; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Urethral Neoplasms

Aural polypi associated with chronic suppurative otitis media have been studied histopathologically and histochemically in 20 patients. The polypi consist of an edematous connective tissue stroma infiltrated by chronic inflammatory cells and numerous blood vessels. The surface is covered by intact stratified squamous epithelium. The histochemical study revealed altered permeability of the blood vessels which seem to be the main pathological background for polyp formation. An enhanced phagocytic activity and increased metabolic activity were found in the epithelium in the chronic inflammatory cells. No glandular activity was found in the polypi.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Chronic Disease; Ear Neoplasms; Humans; Otitis Media with Effusion; Polyps; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Infarction; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Placenta; Placenta Diseases; Polyps; Pregnancy; Regional Blood Flow; Trophoblasts

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Glucuronidase; Glycosaminoglycans; Hexosaminidases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Polyps

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Chondroitin; Glucuronidase; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Polyps