acid-phosphatase and Peptic-Ulcer

Ligation of the common bile duct in pigs causes esophagogastric ulceration in 100 per cent of instances within seven days postoperatively. The results of previous studies have suggested a peptic cause for these ulcers. The possible role of lysosomal acid hydrolases in the primary pathogenesis was investigated herein. The total activities of two lysosomal acid hydrolases in mucosal specimens taken at biopsy from ulcerated pars esophagea and one in ulcerated gastric cardia were significantly lower in pigs undergoing ligation of the bile duct postoperatively, than in comparable pigs undergoing sham operations while there was evidence of increased extracellular activity. Mucosal deoxythymidine kinase activity was increased in gastric cardia suggesting attempted repair. Pigs with parakeratosis of the pars esophagea and edema of the gastric cardia, consistent with the preulcerative state also showed lowered enzyme activity. These results in intact pigs suggest that release of lysosomal acid hydrolases occurs with and may precede peptic ulceration.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Cathepsin D; Disease Models, Animal; Gastric Mucosa; Hydrolases; Lysosomes; Peptic Ulcer; Swine; Thymidine Kinase; Time Factors

Microgastric biopsies were obtained from 20 patients with clinical, radiologic, and endoscopic features of gastric neoplasms. Biopsy specimens were taken from both macroscopically normal gastric mucosa (confirmed histology), and from the lesion. In 16 patients, various stages of adenocarcinoma were confirmed. Repeated biopsy examinations, ruled out malignancy in the four remaining patients, in which a final diagnosis of healing ulcers was established. Homogenates were prepared from the biopsy specimens, and subsequently assayed individually for acid- and alkaline phosphatase and acid proteases. Significant variances (P less than 0.05), were demonstrated for acid protease activities when tumor homogenate levels were compared; firstly with normal mucosa and secondly with ulcer homogenate levels. Biopsy hydrolase determinations may be valuable in providing important additional information not obtained from histologic examinations.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Alkaline Phosphatase; Biopsy; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Peptic Ulcer; Peptide Hydrolases; Stomach Neoplasms

The radioimmunoassay technique, first developed for the determination of hormones, has been applied to many substances of biologic interest by clinical and research laboratories around the world. It has had an enormous effect in medicine and biology as a diagnostic tool, a guide to therapy, and a probe for the fine structure of biologic systems. For instance, the assays of insulin, gastrin, secretin, prolactin, and certain tissue-specific enzymes have been invaluable in patient care. Further refinements of current methods, as well as the emergence of new immunoassay techniques, are expected to enhance precision, specificity, reliability, and convenience of the radioimmunoassay in both clinical and research laboratories.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Amylases; Animals; Cimetidine; Creatine Kinase; Dogs; Female; Gastrins; Hexosaminidases; Hormones, Ectopic; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Insulin; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Elastase; Pepsinogens; Peptic Ulcer; Peptides; Pituitary Neoplasms; Prolactin; Radioimmunoassay; Secretin; Species Specificity; Swine; Thyrotropin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone

Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Cholinesterases; Female; Humans; Male; Peptic Ulcer; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System; Risk

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Duodenal Ulcer; Humans; Peptic Ulcer; Periodontal Diseases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases

Lucite chambers, applied to antral and proximal duodenal mucosae with blood supply intact, were used to compare ionic flux and the total, labilized activity of several acid hydrolases including cathepsin D, alpha and beta-galactosidase, beta-N-acetyglucosaminidase, arylsulfatase, and acid phosphatase. Insorption of H+ ion by the antrum is increased by the application of aspirin-acid-salt solution, which also stimulates acid hydrolase activity; acute erosions develop very rapidly. On the other hand, H+ ion is much more rapidly removed from chambers applied to the duodenal mucosa, isolated by the chamber from bile and pancreatic secretions. The same aspirin-acid-salt solution reduces net H+ ion loss from the duodenal chamber, depresses levels of the acid hydrolases, and no ulcers develop.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Arylsulfatases; Aspirin; Biological Transport, Active; Calcium; Cathepsins; Dogs; Duodenum; Galactosidases; Gastric Mucosa; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolases; Intestinal Mucosa; Peptic Ulcer; Potassium; Pyloric Antrum; Sodium

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Biliary Tract Diseases; Estradiol Dehydrogenases; Female; Humans; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroleptanalgesia; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Peptic Ulcer; Transketolase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Duodenum; Esterases; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Microscopy, Electron; Oxidoreductases; Peptic Ulcer; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Staining and Labeling; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Cachexia; Carcinoma; Cathepsins; Female; Gallbladder Diseases; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Liver Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Lysosomes; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Muscles; Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Peptic Ulcer

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Blood Glucose; Blood Viscosity; Carbon Dioxide; Electrolytes; Gastric Acidity Determination; Gastric Juice; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hematocrit; Humans; Lactates; Male; Military Medicine; Oxygen; Peptic Ulcer; Prospective Studies; Vietnam; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Calcium; Chlorine; Dogs; Gastric Mucosa; Injections, Intramuscular; Intestine, Small; Parathyroid Hormone; Peptic Ulcer; Phosphorus; Potassium; Quinolines; Stomach Ulcer

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Female; Humans; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer; Pyloric Stenosis