acid-phosphatase and Osteoarthritis--Hip

The activity of a tartrat-resistant acid phosphatase 5B (TRACP 5b), a marker of osteoclast function, was quantified in osteoarthritic bone specimens from patients treated with Alendronate. Prior to total hip replacement, 12 patients were randomized in a bisphosphonate and a control group. The bisphosphonate group received daily oral Alendronate for 50 days before operation. After operation, the femoral heads were harvested. Samples of the anterior femoral head (A1) and the intertrochanteric area (A2) were taken, analyzed with an immunoassay and stained for TRACP 5-positive-cells. The immunoassay revealed that TRACP-5b activity of the bisphosphonate group was significantly increased in A1 compared to A2, but not of the control group. Bisphosphonate treatment decreased enzyme activity compared to the controls: 0.41 U/mg vs. 0.31 U/mg in A1 and 0.26 U/mg vs. 0.18 U/mg in A2 (p<0.05). The histological examination shows significantly less TRACP-positive cells in bisphosphonate-treated bone sections, confirming the results. Our data suggest that bisphosphonates reduce TRACP 5b activity in the intertrochanteric area rather than in the anterior femoral head. Consequently, they are more effective in areas of well-supplied bone than in osteoarthritic bone tissue.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Alendronate; Bone and Bones; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Cell Count; Female; Femur Head; Humans; Isoenzymes; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Osteoclasts; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase

To assess the activity of arylsulfatase (AS), acid phosphatase (ACP), cathepsin D (CAT-D) and alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) in blood serum and synovial fluid (SF) of patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA).. The study included 43 subjects with OA (35 hip OA, 8 knee OA), submitted total joint replacement. The control group consisted of 58 subjects with no past history of musculoskeletal disorders.. The OA blood serum samples showed a significantly higher level of lysosomal enzymes activity than in the control group (AS by 17.8%, AAT by 42.4%); only the CAT-D activity decreased by 50%). AS, ACP and CAT-D activities were about two-fold higher in SF when compared with blood of OA patients. The differences between the genders were visible in the SF: Total protein concentration, activity of ACP (both higher in OA men) and activity of CAT-D (higher in OA women). Between the involved hip and knee, there were no significant differences in all estimated parameters in the blood serum of the OA group. In regard to the SF, only ACP activity was significantly higher in patients with a hip involved.. The osteoarthritic SF enzymatic profile differs from that in normal joints. The OA in joints is not reflected in the systemic response. Our preliminary results suggest further studies on role of lysosomal enzymes (ACP and AS) as biomarkers for the detection of osteoarthritis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Arylsulfatases; Case-Control Studies; Cathepsin D; Female; Humans; Lysosomes; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Reference Values; Synovial Fluid

The aim of this study was to compare the levels of bone and cartilage metabolism markers in the synovial fluid of the hip joint between patients with secondary OA due to osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), rapidly destructive arthrosis (RDA) and developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).. We studied 70 synovial fluid samples obtained from 57 patients with ONFH (mean age 46 years, 34 males, 23 females), 21 samples obtained from 21 patients with RDA (mean age 70 years, 2 males, 19 females) and 20 samples obtained from 20 patients with DDH (mean age 56 years, 2 males, 18 females). The levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), as bone metabolism markers, and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and keratan sulphate (KS), as cartilage metabolism markers, were analysed.. The levels of BAP, MMP-3 and KS were significantly higher in the ONFH group than in the RDA and DDH groups. The levels of TRACP-5b were highest in the RDA group. The levels of BAP in the ONFH group after the development of osteoarthritic changes were significantly lower than those observed in earlier stages. In comparisons between the samples obtained from each group with a terminal condition, the ONFH samples exhibited significantly higher MMP-3 and KS levels, while the TRACP-5 levels were highest in the RDA group.. The ONFH patients showed a relatively bone formative condition before the osteoarthritic stage and maintained a higher rate of cartilage turnover throughout several stages compared with the RDA and DDH patients. RDA patients were characterized by a significantly high osteoclast activity.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Biomarkers; Cartilage, Articular; Female; Femur Head Necrosis; Hip Dislocation, Congenital; Humans; Isoenzymes; Keratan Sulfate; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Synovial Fluid; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Young Adult

Bone density and quality alterations worsen the ability of osteoporotic bone to support prosthetic implants. The aim of our study was to evaluate potential differences in bone quality and bone turnover markers in aged individuals undergoing surgery for hip fragility fracture or hip osteoarthritis.. Eighteen subjects with hip fragility fractures (Hip Fracture Group), 35 subjects with osteoarthritis of the hip (Hip Osteoarthritis Group) and 19 subjects with normal femoral bone mineral density (Control Group) were evaluated. Serum and urinary bone markers were assayed preoperatively in all surgical patients, and within 48 hours after fracture in the Hip Fracture, Osteoarthritis and Control groups. Histomorphometric analysis was performed on surgical samples.. A significant alteration in calcium and PTH serum levels with hyperparathyroidism was observed in the Hip Fracture Group compared with Hip Osteoarthritis and Control Groups. C-Terminal telopeptides of type I-collagen (CTx) and tartrate resistant-acid phosphatase (TRAP), markers of bone resorption, were increased in the Hip Fracture Group compared with both Osteoarthritis and Control Groups (CTx: p<0.0007 and p<0.0039 respectively; TRAP: p<0.002 and p<0.0007). All subjects were vitamin D3-deficient, but no differences were found among the different groups. In addition, histomorphometric data showed better maintained connectivity in the Osteoarthritis Group compared with the Hip Fracture Group (p<0.0001).. Our data show significant differences in bone turnover markers in patients undergoing hip prosthesis for fragility fractures, compared with patients operated for hip osteoarthritis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Biomarkers; Bone Density; Bone Remodeling; Calcium; Case-Control Studies; Collagen Type I; Female; Hip Fractures; Hip Prosthesis; Humans; Isoenzymes; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Parathyroid Hormone; Peptides; Pilot Projects; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase

We compared histological and functional findings in rapidly destructive coxarthrosis (RDC) and slowly progressive osteoarthritis (OA) to investigate whether osteoclasts contribute to the extensive bone destruction observed in RDC. A histological analysis of tissue specimens from the synovium obtained from 10 cases of RDC and 40 cases with OA of the hip was performed after staining for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The cells isolated from these tissue specimens from the synovium were cultured for 24 h, and the numbers of TRAP-positive giant cells were counted. Thereafter, we performed a resorption pit formation assay by isolated cells cultured on dentine slices for 7 days. The number of TRAP-positive multinuclear giant cells present in the synovial membrane obtained from RDC patients was significantly larger than that obtained from OA patients. Large lacunar resorption pits were only seen on the dentin slices in a culture of isolated cells from RDC patients without any stimulators. This is the first report, to our knowledge, to reveal that mature and activated osteoclasts exist only in the synovium of RDC and not in the OA synovium. This result might suggest that the underlying mechanism of RDC is therefore associated with osteoclastogenesis in the synovium.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Bone Resorption; Cathepsins; Cell Count; Cell Separation; Cells, Cultured; Female; Giant Cells; Humans; Isoenzymes; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Osteoclasts; Receptors, Calcitonin; Synovial Membrane; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase