acid-phosphatase and Neutropenia

G-CSF is a cytokine that stimulates the proliferation and maturation of granulocyte precursor cells. The results of in vitro and in vivo investigations conducted on animal models revealed that this cytokine influences the functions of mature granulocytes increasing the activities of the granulocyte enzymes participating in phagocytosis.. The investigation was conducted on a group of 26 children (age: 1.5-17 years) with cancer who developed neutropenia after chemotherapy and were treated with G-CSF. The control group included 29 healthy children (age: 5-17 years). The heparinized blood samples were taken before the injection of the stimulator (time 0) and after the 2nd and 5th injection of G-CSF (on day 3 and 6). Activities of granulocyte enzymes involved in the process of phagocytosis (myeloperoxidase, acid and alkaline phosphatase and esterase) in blood smears were evaluated.. It has been found that G-CSF affects the activity of granulocyte enzymes by the normalization of decreased values of myeloperoxidase, acid phosphate and increasing the normal values of alkaline phosphate activity. The enzyme activities increased during the following days of treatment.. Based on the obtained results, we can conclude that G-CSF activates the formation of fully competent granulocytes in cytostatic-treated children with various neoplastic diseases.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Alkaline Phosphatase; Antineoplastic Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Enzymes; Esterases; Female; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; Granulocytes; Humans; Male; Neoplasms; Neutropenia; Peroxidase; Phagocytosis

This study investigated the possible contribution of neutrophils to development of reexpansion pulmonary edema (RPE) in rabbits. Rabbits' right lungs were collapsed for 7 days and then reexpanded with negative intrathoracic pressure for 2 h before study, a model that creates unilateral edema in the reexpanded lungs but not in contralateral left lungs. Two hours after lung reexpansion, significant increases in lavage albumin concentration (17-fold), percent neutrophils (14-fold), and total number of neutrophils (7-fold) recovered occurred in the reexpanded lung but not in the left. After 2 h of reexpansion increased leukotriene B4 was detected in lavage supernatant from right lungs (335 +/- 33 pg/ml) compared with the left (110 +/- 12 pg/mg, P less than 0.01), and right lung lavage acid phosphatase activity similarly increased (6.67 +/- 0.35 U/l) compared with left (4.73 +/- 0.60 U/l, P less than 0.05). Neutropenia induced by nitrogen mustard (17 +/- 14 greater than neutrophils/microliters) did not prevent RPE, because reexpanded lungs from six neutropenic rabbits were edematous (wet-to-dry lung weight ratio 6.34 +/- 0.43) compared with their contralateral lungs (4.97 +/- 0.04, P less than 0.01). An elevated albumin concentration in reexpanded lung lavage from neutropenic rabbits (8-fold) confirmed an increase in permeability. Neutrophil depletion before reexpansion did not prevent unilateral edema, although neutrophils were absent from lung sections and alveolar lavage fluid from neutropenic rabbits.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Leukotriene B4; Male; Neutropenia; Neutrophils; Permeability; Pulmonary Alveoli; Pulmonary Edema; Rabbits

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Agranulocytosis; Cell Division; Female; Glucuronidase; Humans; Middle Aged; Neutropenia; Receptors, Fc; Rosette Formation; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Air Pollutants; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Benzene; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neutropenia; Neutrophils; Solvents; Toluene; Xylenes

A child with congenital neutropenia was studied using bone marrow culture and ultrastructural and cytochemical techniques. The patient's marrow cells formed a large number of granulocytic colonies of normal size in culture, and her peripheral blood leukocytes produced adequate colony-stimulating factor. No serum inhibitors were identified. The patient's promyelocytes from direct marrow and culture appeared normal in ultrastructure, and primary granules, contained peroxidase and acid phosphatase activity. Myelocytes and rare segmented neutrophils from direct marrow specimens demonstrated atypical notched nuclei, myelin figures in Golgi lamellae and primary (azurophilic) granules, and no identifiable secondary (specific) granules. These data indicate an intrinsic neutrophil defect which allows normal proliferation of precursor cells, but results in abnormal granulogenesis and apparent inability to form secondary granules.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Agranulocytosis; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Cell Nucleus; Cells, Cultured; Child; Cytoplasmic Granules; Female; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Microscopy, Electron; Neutropenia; Peroxidases