acid-phosphatase and Mouth-Diseases

Giant cell lesions of the oral cavity are a well recognized entity. However, the histogenesis of these lesions is still the subject of controversy, with support for both histiocyte/macrophage and osteoclast origins being found in the literature. This study evaluated a set of peripheral giant cell lesions (PGCLs) and central giant cell lesions (CGCLs) for characteristics of both cell types to address this dilemma.. Detection of histiocyte/macrophage characteristics was accomplished immunohistochemically by evaluating for markers specific for this cell type, namely alpha-1 -antichymotrypsin (1 -ACT) and factor XIIIa antibodies. Detection of osteoclast characteristics made use of the fact that osteoclasts possess a unique enzyme, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, which can be appreciated by histochemical procedures.. A large percentage of the multinucleated cells stained with the 1-ACT (38.08% in PGCLs and 15.84% in CGCLs), while only isolated cells stained for factor XIIIa (1.20% PGCLs, 0.99% CGCLs). Isolated stromal cells also were stained. Virtually all multinucleated cells reacted with the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase stain (99.26% PGCLs, 98.34% CGCLs), as did a number of the mononuclear stromal cells.. This study supports the contention that GCLs of the oral cavity may arise from precursor cells related to the granulocyte/macrophage line, and may originate from mononuclear cells that express markers for both macrophages and osteoclasts.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; Biomarkers; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Lineage; Coagulants; Giant Cell Tumors; Giant Cells; Granulocytes; Granuloma, Giant Cell; Histiocytes; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Isoenzymes; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Macrophages; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Neoplasms; Osteoclasts; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; Stem Cells; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Transglutaminases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Epithelium; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lichen Planus; Lysosomes; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa

Lysosomal activity was demonstrated in the majority of the lymphocytes forming the mononuclear cell infiltrate in oral lichen planus. Staining for acid phosphatase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, nonspecific esterase, and beta-glucuronidase was present in these cells in tissue sections, indicating their T cell origin. Small numbers of enzyme-negative lymphocytes were also present. Macrophages showing stronger staining were found scattered through the infiltrates in large numbers. These observations indicate roles for T cells and macrophages in the pathogenesis of lichen planus.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Esterases; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lichen Planus; Macrophages; Mouth Diseases; Plasma Cells; Staining and Labeling; T-Lymphocytes

Comparative studied were performed in healthy subjects without metals in their oral cavities and in individuals having different metal alloys (gold, steel, amalgam) in their mouths and presenting with various complaints such as xerostomia, burning mucosa, etc. It was found that the contents of alkaline and acid phosphatases, alpha-amylase, K+, Na+ and Cl- in saliva increased significantly with the increase in total corrosion potential when non-precious metal alloys, especially different types of alloys, were present. Parallel to this, the frequency and the intensity of the complaints increased.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amylases; Burning Mouth Syndrome; Chlorides; Corrosion; Dental Alloys; Humans; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Potassium; Saliva; Sodium; Xerostomia

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Keratins; Keratosis; Male; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Muramidase; Rats; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Sulfides; Vitamin A Deficiency