acid-phosphatase and Kidney-Calculi

Oxalate induced renal calculi formation and the associated renal injury is thought to be caused by free radical mediated mechanisms. An in vivo model was used to investigate the effect of phycocyanin (from Spirulina platensis), a known antioxidant, against calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Hyperoxaluria was induced in two of these groups by intraperitoneal infusion of sodium oxalate (70 mg/kg) and a pretreatment of phycocyanin (100 mg/kg) as a single oral dosage was given, 1h prior to sodium oxalate infusion. An untreated control and drug control (phycocyanin alone) were also included in the study. We observed that phycocyanin significantly controlled the early biochemical changes in calcium oxalate stone formation. The antiurolithic nature of the drug was evaluated by the assessment of urinary risk factors and light microscopic observation of urinary crystals. Renal tubular damage as divulged by urinary marker enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase) and histopathological observations such as decreased tubulointerstitial, tubular dilatation and mononuclear inflammatory cells, indicated that renal damage was minimised in drug-pretreated group. Oxalate levels (P < 0.001) and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.001) in kidney tissue were significantly controlled by drug pretreatment, suggesting the ability of phycocyanin to quench the free radicals, thereby preventing the lipid peroxidation mediated tissue damage and oxalate entry. This accounts for the prevention of CaOx stones. Thus, the present analysis revealed the antioxidant and antiurolithic potential of phycocyanin thereby projecting it as a promising therapeutic agent against renal cell injury associated kidney stone formation.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Antioxidants; Bacterial Proteins; Biomarkers; Cyanobacteria; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Hyperoxaluria; Kidney; Kidney Calculi; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Oxalates; Phycocyanin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spirulina

Some biochemical and enzymatic constituents were determined in the small intestinal tract tissues of normal and sodium glycollate treated adult male rats. Alterations were observed with respect to certain lipids and carbohydrate fractions in the glycollate fed rats. DNA content was also elevated in this group. The functions of the cell membrane is likely to be affected as reflected in the levels of transport ATPases and orthophospho-hydrolases. The activities of the two marker enzymes in the intestinal brush border, namely alkaline phosphatase and leucylnaphthylamidase were reduced in the glycollate administered group. Administration of L(+)-tartrate, which is a mild laxative and has a regulatory influence on oxalate metabolism, lowered the activities of Na+, K(+)- and Ca(2+)-ATPases. There was a distinct lowering in the level of acid phosphatase in the tartrate treated rats.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Calcium Oxalate; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Diet; Glycolates; Intestine, Small; Kidney Calculi; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Microvilli; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tartrates

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Asparaginase; Humans; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Kidney Calculi

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Infant; Kidney; Kidney Calculi; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Nephritis; Sex Factors; Wilms Tumor

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Balneology; Bulgaria; Chronic Disease; Health Resorts; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Pyelonephritis; Urologic Diseases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Kidney Calculi; Nephrolithiasis; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases