acid-phosphatase and Hyperthyroidism

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Cardiomegaly; Cathepsins; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Coronary Disease; Fasting; Heart Diseases; Heart Failure; Hormones; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; In Vitro Techniques; Liver; Lysosomes; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Thyroxine

Recent studies have pointed to potentially periodontal risk indicators, however no information is available on the impact of changes in thyroid hormone levels on the progression of periodontitis and on the quality of alveolar bone. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate histologically, in rats, the influence of thyroid hormones on the rate of periodontal bone loss resulting from ligature placement and on the quality of tooth-supporting alveolar bone.. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: healthy (control, n = 12), hypothyroidism (n = 12) and hyperthyroidism (n = 12). Once alterations were confirmed by total serum levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine, ligatures were randomly placed around one of the first mandibular molars. Thirty days later, the animals were killed and specimens routinely processed for serial decalcified sections. The parameters assessed were periodontitis-related bone loss, quality of tooth-supporting alveolar bone and the number of cells positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), a marker of bone resorption.. At the ligated sites, intergroup analysis revealed that hypothyroidism significantly increased the bone loss resulting from ligature-induced periodontitis (p = 0.02) and the number of TRAP-positive cells on the linear surface of bone crest (p = 0.01). In addition, no significant differences were detected regarding the quality of the bone (p = 0.24) or the number of TRAP-positive cells in the area of the interradicular bone for ligated teeth among the groups (p = 0.17).. It may be concluded that decreased serum levels of thyroid hormones may enhance periodontitis-related bone loss, as a function of an increased number of resorbing cells, whereas the tooth-supporting alveolar bone seems to be less sensitive to alterations in hormone levels.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alveolar Bone Loss; Alveolar Process; Animals; Biomarkers; Bone Density; Disease Progression; Furcation Defects; Gingivitis; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Isoenzymes; Male; Periodontitis; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine

Collagen type 1 represents more than 90% of bone matrix. Therefore, quantitation of collagen crosslinks, such as deoxypyridinoline, can provide information on bone resorption degree. An evaluation was made of deoxypyridinoline as well as other bone markets, such as alkaline phosphatase, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase, and hydroxyproline in patients with the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Paget's disease, hyperthyroidism, and chronic renal failure on haemodialysis or not. Deoxypyridinoline levels were significantly increased in patients with osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and hyperthyroidism. Hydroxyproline levels were increased in patients with Paget's disease, and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase was increased in all the entities studied. Deoxypyridinoline can be a more sensitive marker than hydroxyproline, with some advantages, such as its quantitation in a urine specimen and its high bone specificity. In patients with renal failure, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase was the only biochemical marker of bone resorption with increased levels.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amino Acids; Biomarkers; Bone Resorption; Female; Humans; Hydroxyproline; Hyperthyroidism; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Osteitis Deformans; Osteoporosis; Sensitivity and Specificity

Active hyperthyroidism is associated with reduced bone mass. Nevertheless, not all patients show the same risk for developing osteoporosis. Our aim was to analyze some clinical and biochemical potential predictors of low bone mass in hyperthyroid patients. We studied 127 consecutive hyperthyroid patients (110 females, 17 males; aged 42 +/- 16 years). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at lumbar spine (LS; L2-L4) and femoral neck (FN). Data were expressed as g/cm2 and T-score. Patients were placed into two groups based on recent WHO criteria: Group A, no osteoporosis (n = 98); and group B, lumbar or femoral osteoporosis (n = 29). Study protocol included evaluation of osteoporosis risk factors, anthropometrical variables, thyroid function, and bone turnover markers. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots for the precision of bone markers and multivariate analysis for the prediction of BMD and osteoporosis were performed. Group B showed greater age and proportion of menopausal females; lower weight, height, and calcium intake; longer duration of menopause; and greater levels of total and bone alkaline phosphatase and of urine hydroxyproline. No differences in thyroid function, osteocalcin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and type I collagen C-telopeptide (ICTP) were found. The best predictive model accounted for 46% and 62% of the variability of lumbar and femoral BMD respectively and correctly classified 89% of the osteoporotic hyperthyroid patients. No significant difference in ROC plots was observed. It is concluded that hyperthyroid patients with lumbar or femoral osteoporosis show a typical clinical and biochemical profile illustrating that the relationship between BMD and bone markers is better in high turnover states. Classical bone turnover markers show high performance in the evaluation of hyperthyroid bone disease.

Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Biomarkers; Bone Density; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Bone Remodeling; Female; Femur Neck; Humans; Hydroxyproline; Hyperthyroidism; Isoenzymes; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis; Peptide Fragments; Procollagen; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Thyrotropin

Beta2-microglobulin has been observed to behave as a biological marker of bone remodeling. We measured beta2-microglobulin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), a specific biological marker of bone remodeling, in 225 women: healthy premenopausal controls, healthy postmenopausal control, and patients with diseases characterized by enhanced bone turnover (postmenopausal osteoporosis, primary hyperparathyroidism, primary hyperthyroidism, polyostotic Paget's bone disease), and in other Paget's group before and after calcitonin treatment. Beta2-microglobulin levels differed significantly between the healthy premenopausal women (n = 20) compared with all the other groups. However, beta2-microglobulin levels did not differ significantly between healthy postmenopausal women (n = 38) and patient's with Paget's bone disease (n = 40)(P = 0.5095), or between women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (n = 30) and women with hyperthyroidism (n = 20)(P = 0.7890). TRAP concentrations differed significantly in all the groups paired except for women with Paget's bone disease and women with either hyperparathyroidism or hyperthyroidism (P = 0.5179 and 0.6993, respectively); likewise, TRAP levels did not differ significantly between the women with hyperparathyroidism and those with hypothyroidism (P = 0.7804). After calcitonin treatment, there was a 22% increase in beta2-microglobulin, a 17% decrease in TRAP, and a 39% decrease in alkaline phosphatase, all of which were significant at P < 0.0001. Our findings indicate that serum beta2-microglobulin, like osteocalcin, behaves as a biological marker of remodeling in a number of diseases with enhanced bone remodeling but not in Paget's bone disease.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; beta 2-Microglobulin; Biomarkers; Bone Remodeling; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hyperthyroidism; Middle Aged; Osteitis Deformans; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Regression Analysis

In the cytoenzymatic investigations of peripheral blood neutrophils in patients with hyperthyroidism there was found the increase of acid phosphatase activity, beta-glucuronidase, leucine aminopeptidase, and catalase moreover there was found the decrease of the activity of alkaline phosphatase. After a two-week treatment with thiamazole (methimazole++) 50 mg in 24-hour dose there was observed the decrease of acid phosphatase activity in neutrophils. During incubation of plasma containing leucocytes, from healthy persons, with L-thyroxine there was observed the increase of the activity for acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase. In patients with hyperthyroidism there appear many changes of enzymic equipment of neutrophils which are concerned with lysosomal and connected with cell membrane enzymes. The results of cytochemical investigations after application of thiamazole and no difference, with exception of catalase, between patients with Graves-Basedow disease and with toxic goitre and the results of investigations in vitro with L-thyroxin point out, that there is the possibility of connection between the observed changes in the range of enzymic equipment of neutrophils and the hormonal state of the investigated group of patients.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Catalase; Culture Media; Enzyme Activation; Female; Glucuronidase; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; In Vitro Techniques; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Methimazole; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Thyroxine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Lysosomes; Male; Rats; Thyroxine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Female; Glucuronidase; Glycogen; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; In Vitro Techniques; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Phagocytosis

The mechanism of thyroid action on bone was studied in 15 patients with thyrotoxicosis and 14 patients with hypothyroidism. The patients were studied twice: when they were thyrotoxic or hypothyroid and when they had returned to a euthyroid state. Parameters of bone turnover showed a decrease when hyperthyroid patients became euthyroid: serum calcium (2.51 +/- 0.04 vs 2.38 +/- 0.03 mmol/l, P less than 0.05), acid phosphatase (11.7 +/- 0.7 vs 8.3 +/- 0.4 U/l, P less than 0.01), alkaline phosphatase (124 +/- 11 vs 98 +/- 8 U/l, P less than 0.05), the calcium/creatinine ratio (1.03 +/- 0.31 vs 0.43 +/- 0.07, P less than 0.01) and the hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio in the urine (69.9 +/- 12 vs 20.7 +/- 2.4, P less than 0.01). These parameters showed an increase when hypothyroid patients became euthyroid: serum calcium (2.36 +/- 0.03 vs 2.48 +/- 0.04 mmol/l, P less than 0.01), alkaline phosphatase (60 +/- 4 vs 84 +/- 8 U/l, P less than 0.05) and the hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio in the urine (15.9 +/- 4.3 vs 25.3 +/- 3.2, P less than 0.05). Changes in the calcium regulating hormones, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and vitamin D metabolites, were not observed when hyperthyroid patients became euthyroid. When hypothyroid patients were treated a decrease in serum levels of 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D (32.6 +/- 4.6 vs 17.9 +/- 2.5 ng/l, P less than 0.01) was observed. Serum growth hormone levels decreased when hypothyroid patients became euthyroid (4.3 +/- 0.5 vs 2.6 +/- 0.4 mU/l, P less than 0.01). The possible mechanisms of thyroid action on bone are discussed. The presented findings are in accordance with a direct effect of thyroid hormones on bone in thyrotoxicosis. An additional factor could be somatomedin, that might also be involved in changes in bone turnover in hyper- and hypothyroidism.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone and Bones; Calcitriol; Calcium; Creatinine; Female; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hydroxyproline; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphorus; Thyroid Function Tests; Vitamin D

The radioimmunoassay technique, first developed for the determination of hormones, has been applied to many substances of biologic interest by clinical and research laboratories around the world. It has had an enormous effect in medicine and biology as a diagnostic tool, a guide to therapy, and a probe for the fine structure of biologic systems. For instance, the assays of insulin, gastrin, secretin, prolactin, and certain tissue-specific enzymes have been invaluable in patient care. Further refinements of current methods, as well as the emergence of new immunoassay techniques, are expected to enhance precision, specificity, reliability, and convenience of the radioimmunoassay in both clinical and research laboratories.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Amylases; Animals; Cimetidine; Creatine Kinase; Dogs; Female; Gastrins; Hexosaminidases; Hormones, Ectopic; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Insulin; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Elastase; Pepsinogens; Peptic Ulcer; Peptides; Pituitary Neoplasms; Prolactin; Radioimmunoassay; Secretin; Species Specificity; Swine; Thyrotropin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not alternations in tumor growth induced by changes in thyroid status were mediated through changes in key enzymes, whose activity is known to be influenced by thyroid hormones. The activities of three lysosomal enzymes (cathepsin B1, cathepsin D, and acid phosphatase) and thymidylate synthetase were measured in implanted mammary tumors as well as in the livers of host animals that were either euthyroid, hypothyroid, or hyperthyroid. Hypothyroidism produced no significant change in enzyme activity in the tumors. Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, did cause a significant increase in the activity of all lysosomal enzymes in the tumors, but did not affect thymidylate synthetase levels. In the livers of the host animals, hypothyroidism produced a significant decrease in cathepsin B1 and a significant increase in acid phosphatase but did not change cathepsin D or thymidylate synthetase levels. Hyperthyroidism produced a significant increase in all enzymes measured in the livers of the host animals. The significant decrease in tumor weight with hypothyroidism did not correlate with the insignificant changes in the enzymes tested. Similarly, there was no correlation between the significant increase in the enzymes levels found with hyperthyroidism and the insignificant change in tumor weight.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cathepsins; Female; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Liver; Lysosomes; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Methyltransferases; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Thymidylate Synthase; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroidectomy

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Female; Glucuronidase; Granulocytes; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Lymphocytes; Lysosomes; Male; Peroxidase

Acid phosphatase was found by electron microscopy in the lysosomes which appeared in great numbers in the follicular cells of rat hyperplastic thyroid gland. The other types of granules (mature secretory granules and lipids) whose amounts were also greatly increased in cases of functional thyrocyte strain were also nonreactive. The lysosomes were subdivided into three main groups according to distribution of the reaction product: the lysosomes with dense homogeneous deposit and with deposit in the form of densely or loosely packed dark round granules. The lysosome heterogeneity was apparently connected with their different functions also found within the colloid droplets in the form of inclusions of rarely located dark granules. The authors believe such granules to be the result of the merging of the colloid droplets and lysosomes. The acid phosphatase of the latter participated in the hydrolysis of the product of cell secretion with the formation of active substances.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cytoplasmic Granules; Histocytochemistry; Hyperthyroidism; Lysosomes; Microscopy, Electron; Rats; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Female; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Activities of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase and palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase were determined in cardiac subcellular fractions prepared from rabbits which has received tri-iodothyronine and from hamsters with hereditary cardiomyopathy (strain BIO 14.6). 1. Both mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of hyperthyroid rabbit hearts produced 4-5 times as much diacylglycerol 3-phosphate from glycerol 3-phosphate and palmitate as did those of euthyroid hearts. 2. Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, measured with phosphatidate emulsion, was activated by 1mm-Mg(2+) in all but the mitochondrial fraction of euthyroid rabbit hearts. The activation was more pronounced in subcellular fractions isolated from hyperthyroid hearts, so that the measured activities were significantly increased above those of the controls. The highest activity was found in the microsomal and lysosomal fractions. 3. In the absence of Mg(2+) during incubation, the difference in phosphohydrolase activities between eu- and hyper-thyroid states was not significant. 4. The phosphohydrolase of subcellular fractions of control hamsters did not respond to addition of 0.5-8.0mm-Mg(2+). The enzyme from cardiomyopathic hearts was slightly inhibited by this bivalent cation and therefore significant increases in activity were observed only in the absence of Mg(2+) from the assay system. 5. The rate of reaction by soluble phosphatidate phosphohydrolase was similar regardless of the nature of the substrate. Both when microsomal-bound phosphatidate was used as the substrate and when phosphatidate suspension was used, the activity of soluble enzyme was lower than that of the microsomal and lysosomal enzymes measured with phosphatidate suspension; this was especially so when the assay was carried out in the absence of Mg(2+). Neither tri-iodothyronine nor cardiomyopathy influenced the soluble phosphohydrolase activity in the two species. 6. Neither tri-iodothyronine nor cardiomyopathy significantly changed palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activities in subcellular fractions. 7. Microsomal diacylglycerol acyltransferase and myocardial triacylglycerol content were also unchanged in the hyperthyroid state.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acyltransferases; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Cardiomyopathies; Cricetinae; Electron Transport Complex IV; Glycerol; Heart; Hyperthyroidism; Lipid Metabolism; Lysosomes; Magnesium; Male; Microsomes; Mitochondria; Myocardium; NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Proteins; Rabbits; Subcellular Fractions; Thiolester Hydrolases; Triiodothyronine

Activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase was determined by the method of Bodansky in blood serum, homogenates of liver, kidney, lung, brain, liver mitochondrial fraction of normal, methylthiouracil-induced hypothyroid, and Thyroideum-induced hyperthyroid rats. The following results were obtained: an increase in both enzymes in all studied materials in hyperthyroidism, and a decrease in most of the studied materials in hypothyroidism.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Brain; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Lung; Male; Methylthiouracil; Mitochondria, Liver; Rats; Thyroid Hormones

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Body Weight; Cardiomegaly; Cathepsins; Creatine Kinase; Disease Models, Animal; Heart Ventricles; Hexosaminidases; Hyperthyroidism; Lysosomes; Male; Myocardium; Organ Size; Proteins; Rats; Remission, Spontaneous; Thyroxine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aorta; Arteriosclerosis; Diet, Atherogenic; Dietary Fats; Enzyme Repression; Esterases; Female; Hyperthyroidism; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Nucleotidases; Oxidoreductases; Pyrophosphatases; Rats; Thyroid Hormones; Thyronines

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aorta; Arteriosclerosis; Blood Vessels; Child; Chronic Disease; Coronary Disease; Coronary Vessels; Esterases; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Lipase; Lipid Metabolism; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Antithyroid Agents; Bromides; Codeine; DNA; Female; Glycosaminoglycans; Graves Disease; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Male; Methylthiouracil; Middle Aged; Morpholines; Phytotherapy; Plants, Medicinal; Preoperative Care; RNA; Sodium; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Thyroid Gland; Tranquilizing Agents

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Histocytochemistry; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Methylthiouracil; Rats; Stomach

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alcohols; Animals; Body Weight; Caseins; Cell Fractionation; Colon; Esterases; Esters; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Iodine; Iodoproteins; Liver; Lysosomes; Male; Oxidoreductases; Palmitic Acids; Rats; Spectrophotometry; Sulfatases; Thiourea; Thyroid Gland; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin A

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Antithyroid Agents; Histocytochemistry; Hyperthyroidism; Male; Methimazole; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxidoreductases; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Thyroxine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Biopsy; Blind Loop Syndrome; Female; Gastrectomy; Gastric Juice; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Iodine Isotopes; Lipase; Liver Diseases; Male; Sjogren's Syndrome; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Triolein

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Proteins

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adrenal Glands; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Histocytochemistry; Hyperthyroidism; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Glucuronidase; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Leukocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Goiter; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Cartilage; Chondroma; Citric Acid Cycle; Fatty Acids; Glycolysis; Glycosaminoglycans; Hip Joint; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidoreductases; Parathyroid Glands; Sulfur Isotopes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Esterases; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Pyruvate Oxidase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cholesterol; Corpus Luteum; Estrus; Female; Histocytochemistry; Hyperthyroidism; Hypophysectomy; In Vitro Techniques; Lipid Metabolism; Pregnancy; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Glucose; Calcium; Creatine; Creatine Kinase; Creatinine; Electrolytes; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hyperthyroidism; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Malate Dehydrogenase; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Serum Albumin; Serum Globulins; Thyroid Hormones; Uric Acid