acid-phosphatase and Hypertension--Renal

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDG), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDG), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDG) as well as acid phosphatase (AcPase) activities were assessed in the rat tracheal ciliated epithelial cells using cytophotometry, combined with ultrastructural AcPase demonstration within 1 to 5 hours after animal death. A moderate gradual reduction of LDG, G-6-PDG and AcPase, but not ICDG activities has been detected in the groups of initially unaffected and hypertensive rats. The activities of all dehydrogenases progressively decreased compared to the stable AcPase values in rats which died from acute renal failure. AcPase reaction products were found to be released from the Golgi apparatus and lysosomes into the adjacent cytoplasm and across the plasma membrane. Occasionally AcPase activity emerged in the cis- and intermediate lamellae of the Golgi apparatus. The perturbations in the membrane permeability evidenced by AcPase leakage can be considered as the most likely mechanism for the observed postmortem reduction of some enzymatic activities tested.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Cilia; Epithelium; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Hypertension, Renal; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Postmortem Changes; Rats; Time Factors; Trachea

The acid phosphatase activities of arterial cells in the mesenteric arteries of renal hypertensive rats were investigated by both light and electron microscopy. Light microscopically, strongly positive acid phosphatase reactions were confirmed in endothelial cells, intimal cells, medial cells and adventitial cells of the mesenteric arteries, together with considerable deposition of fibrinoid substance in the intima and media in contrast to the appearance in control rats. Electron microscopically, lysosomes with acid phosphatase-positive reaction products were increased in number in endothelial cells, intimal smooth muscle cells, medial smooth muscle cells and adventitial neutrophils or macrophages. The lysosomes in intimal smooth muscle cells and those which were extracellularly discharged were responsible for lysis of the fibrinoid substance. In the media, acid phosphatase-positive lysosomes of medial cells and extracellularly discharged matrix lysosomes with acid phosphatase-positive reactions were also involved in the hydrolysis of necrotic substances and extracellular matrix. These acid phosphatase-positive reactions were diminished both light and electron microscopically in endothelial cells, intimal cells, medial muscle cells and adventitial cells in the regions of healing arteries where fibrinoid substance had been degradated and the intima showed cellulofibrous thickening. The possible role of this acid phosphatase activation for the clearance of cell debris as well as exudative substances in the healing of damaged arterial tissue was discussed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Endothelium, Vascular; Hypertension, Renal; Lysosomes; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Microscopy, Electron; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

In an attempt to clarify the role of lysosomal enzymes in the developmental mechanisms of the changes of cerebral microvessels under hypertensive conditions, the activities of acid phosphatase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, and beta-glucuronidase in the isolated microvessels from the cerebral cortex of spontaneously and renal hypertensive rats were biochemically studied. The activities of all the enzymes were higher than those in normotensive control animals, although there was a variation in intensity according to the age and kind of enzymes. The enzyme activities in spontaneously hypertensive rats showed a tendency to increase with advancing age. Hypertension seems to increase activities of lysosomal enzymes in cerebral microvessels, and this activation may in turn play a role in the development of further hypertensive cerebrovascular and cerebral changes.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cerebral Cortex; Glucuronidase; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Lysosomes; Male; Microcirculation; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY

To obtain information about changes in lysosomal enzyme activities in the aortic endothelial cells in arterial hypertension, semi-quantitative histochemical investigations of acid phosphatase (Ac-Pase) and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAGase) activities in the aorta of rats with renal hypertension were performed on "Häutchen" monolayer preparations. The aortic endothelial cells in renal hypertensive animals showed increased Ac-Pase and NAGase activities compared with those in control normotensive rats and tended to increase with advancing age. These results, like our previous data from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), indicated that degeneration of endothelial cells, expressed by increased lysosomal enzyme activity, was accelerated by hypertension, and the possible participation of genetic factors in the activation of these enzymes in SHR was ruled out. Increased lysosomal enzyme activity may be involved in the development of other hypertensive vascular changes.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Endothelium; Histocytochemistry; Hypertension, Renal; Lysosomes; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

In spontaneously hypertensive rats, prolonged hypertension caused a decrease in aortic cholesterol esterase activity with N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity increased and acid phosphatase activity unchanged [3]. The present study was undertaken to compare these changes with those caused by other experimentally induced types of hypertension. Treatment with DOCA-salt for one month significantly elevated both aortic cholesterol esterase and acid phosphatase activities. In contrast, to spontaneous hypertension, venous changes were also observed. An intake of 1% NaCl ad libitum produced results similar to those with the DOCA-salt treatment, despite the fact that blood pressure did not increase. This suggested that humoral factors were the main cause of the elevated enzyme activities in DOCA-salt hypertension. In rats made hypertensive by unilateral renal arterial constriction with contralateral nephrectomy (one clip--one kidney hypertension) or without contralateral nephrectomy (one clip--two kidney hypertension), aortic cholesterol esterase activities were unchanged, while aortic N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, and aortic and venous acid phosphatase activities were increased. These results show distinct differences in the response of lysosomal enzymes during the three hypertensive states.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Aorta; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Desoxycorticosterone; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Lysosomes; Male; Rats; Sodium Chloride; Sterol Esterase

The activity of succinate dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase in the lymphocytes of peripheral blood was studied in 28 patients with hypertensive disease and vasorenal hypertension (the diagnosis was made on the basis of the findings of angiographic examination) by the method of quantitative cytochemical analysis suggested by R.P. Nartsissov. It was revealed that alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity was significantly lower in vasorenal hypertension than in hypertensive disease. The calculation of the difference between the value of succinate dehydrogenase activity and that of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity in these groups was also significant. It is concluded that a complex of cytochemical analysis may be used in differential diagnosis of vasorenal hypertension and hypertensive disease.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Hypertension, Renovascular; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidoreductases; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amidinotransferases; Female; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Male; Middle Aged; Transaminases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Electron Transport Complex IV; Female; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney; Lysosomes; Microsomes; Mitochondria; Rats; Renin; Subcellular Fractions

Hypertension induces hypertrophy and increased turnover of aortic smooth muscle cells along with an accumulation of connective tissue in the aortic wall. We identified the lysosomes in normal and hypertensive aortic muscle cells by light and electron microscopy, utilizing cytochemical staining for acid phosphatase activity. Lysosomes were found to be more numerous in hypertensive vessels. Biochemical assays of two specific lysosomal enzymes revealed a doubling of acid phosphatase and a more than threefold increase in beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activities in hypertensive aortas.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Aorta; Aorta, Thoracic; DNA; Glycerophosphates; Hexosaminidases; Histocytochemistry; Hypertension, Renal; Lysosomes; Male; Microscopy; Microscopy, Electron; Muscle, Smooth; Nitrophenols; Rats

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Age Factors; Autopsy; Brain Chemistry; Chronic Disease; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Fatty Acids; Gaucher Disease; Glomerulonephritis; Hepatomegaly; Histocompatibility; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kyphosis; Liver; Male; Muscular Atrophy; Nephrectomy; Pneumonia; Radionuclide Imaging; Sphingolipids; Spleen; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aorta; Biological Transport; Capillaries; Coronary Vessels; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Esterases; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Hypertension, Renal; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; NAD; Rabbits

Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Chronic Disease; Desoxycorticosterone; Ganglia, Autonomic; Histocytochemistry; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Monoamine Oxidase; Neck; Neurons; Organ Size; Rats; Renal Artery

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aorta; Aorta, Thoracic; Biological Transport; Desoxycorticosterone; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Hypertension, Renal; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; Methods; NAD; NADP; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Acetates; Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Arteries; Biological Transport; Coronary Vessels; Cortisone; Desoxycorticosterone; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Dura Mater; Esterases; Glucocorticoids; Histocytochemistry; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypertension, Renal; Injections, Intramuscular; Kidney Tubules; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Methods; Mineralocorticoids; NAD; NADP; Rats; Stimulation, Chemical; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Calcium; Cell Membrane Permeability; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Electrolytes; Esterases; Hypertension, Renal; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Oxidoreductases; Potassium; Rats; Sodium; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Antimetabolites; Appetite; Blood Pressure; Blood-Brain Barrier; Body Weight; Bradykinin; Capillary Permeability; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Hypertension, Renal; Locomotion; Male; Rabbits

Demonstration by a combined histochemical and electron-microscopic technique of the ultrastructure of and acid phosphatase within the juxtaglomerular granules in kidneys of normal man and rat and in those from members of both species with renal Hypertension indicate the identity of Juxtaglomerular granules as lysosomes.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cytoplasmic Granules; Histology, Comparative; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; In Vitro Techniques; Juxtaglomerular Apparatus; Lysosomes; Male; Middle Aged; Rats

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Biomedical Research; Bronchial Spasm; D-Alanine Transaminase; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney; Nephritis; Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adrenalectomy; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aorta; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Hypophysectomy; Kidney; Male; Nephrectomy; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Rats; Research; Testis