acid-phosphatase and Glomerulonephritis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Animals; Antibody Specificity; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Arthus Reaction; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Basement Membrane; Binding Sites; Chemotaxis; Complement System Proteins; Elastic Tissue; Electrophoresis, Disc; Epithelium; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glomerulonephritis; Haplorhini; Humans; Immune System Diseases; Immunization, Passive; Immunoglobulin G; Leukocytes; Lysosomes; Male; Microbial Collagenase; Pancreatic Elastase; Protein Binding; Serum Sickness; Skin Diseases

The anti-cancer drug cyclophosphamide (CYP) is nephrotoxic besides being urotoxic thereby limiting its clinical utility. Since the nephrotoxicity of CYP is less common compared to its urotoxicity, not much importance has been given for the study of mechanism of CYP-induced nephrotoxicity. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible role of lysosomal enzymes in CYP-induced renal damage. Adult female Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were used for the study. The rats were administered single-intraperitoneal injection of CYP at the dose of 150 mg/kg body wt and sacrificed at various time intervals 6, 16 or 24 h after the dose of CYP. The control rats were administered saline alone. Nephrotoxicity was assessed by measuring plasma creatinine and urea and histopathology of the kidney. The kidney was weighed and used for the assay of lysosomal enzymes namely acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase and total protein content. Histologically, the CYP-treated rat kidneys showed progressive renal damage with increase in time after treatment. Glomerular nephritis, cortical tubular vacuolization and interstitial edema were observed in the CYP-treated rats. Surprisingly, a significant drastic decrease (instead of an increase) in the activities of lysosomal enzymes was observed in the kidneys of CYP-treated rats at 16 and 24 h as compared with the control. A highly significant increase (270%) in protein content was observed in the kidneys of the CYP-treated rats as compared with the control. Decrease in the activities of lysosomal protein digestive enzymes may contribute to CYP-induced renal damage. The accumulation of abnormal amounts of the protein in the kidney may be due at least in part to defect in lysosomal enzyme activity and contribute to renal damage.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Cyclophosphamide; Edema; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Glucuronidase; Hydrolases; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Kidney; Kidney Tubules; Lysosomes; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vacuoles

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Staining and Labeling

Acute passive Heymann glomerulonephritis in rats induced heavy proteinuria and highly increased urinary activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, acid beta-galactosidase and acid phosphatase. The cortical activity of these acid hydrolases was increased essentially in the large lysosomes as demonstrated by subfractionation of the lysosome-rich mitochondrial-lysosomal fraction, by rate zonal centrifugation. Banding density of small lysosomes shifted or reduced to slightly lower value (1.225 g/ml), which is between the banding densities of small 'light' (1.20 g/ml) and small 'dense' lysosomes (1.235 g/ml) in normal rat kidney cortex. Labelled protein reabsorbed in the proximal tubule is recovered in these populations of small lysosomes as well as in the large lysosomes or 'protein droplets'. Glomerulonephritis also induced a new population of small 'light' lysosomes (density 1.185-1.195 g/ml) enriched in cathepsin D. The previously demonstrated morphological, biochemical, and physiological heterogeneity of renal lysosomes was confirmed and emphasized in the kidney cortex of glomerulonephritic rats. The main changes in the lysosomal populations appear to reflect the increased protein reabsorption as confirmed by the proteinuria.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glomerulonephritis; Hydrolases; Kidney Cortex; Lysosomes; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

Interest in the role of mononuclear phagocytes in glomerulonephritis (GN) and in defining markers of renal neoplasms led the authors to study alpha-naphthyl acetate/butyrate esterase (ANAE/ANBE), alkaline phosphatase (AlkP), acid phosphatase (AcP), 5'-nucleotidase (5'N), and ATPase (ATP) activity in paraformaldehyde-fixed, plastic-embedded renal tissue from patients with a variety of pathologic conditions. These conditions included GN, renal tumors, and transplant rejection. Enzymatic staining for ANAE, ANBE, AcP, AlkP, and ATP was generally confined to tubules and collecting ducts in normal kidney. Nine of 10 cases of renal carcinoma had weakly to strongly positive reactions with AlkP, AcP, and ANAE; 9 of 10 cases of Wilms' tumor showed weakly positive reactions with AcP and ANAE, particularly in tubular structures. Severely damaged kidney allografts showed surprising retention of normal histochemical features. In all cases 5'N stained both glomerular capillaries and interstitial vasculature; ATPase and AlkP stained interstitial vessels only. Plastic embedding provides superb preservation of both microscopic anatomy and enzymatic activity, which may allow utilization of enzyme histochemistry for diagnostic and research purposes.

Topics: 5'-Nucleotidase; Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Glomerulonephritis; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Neoplasms; Microtomy; Naphthols; Nucleotidases; Plastics; Staining and Labeling; Wilms Tumor

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Bone Marrow; Cell Count; Glomerulonephritis; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Kidney Glomerulus; Macrophages; Methods; Monocytes; Phagocytosis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Chronic Disease; Glomerulonephritis; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental; Humans; Lymphocytes; Neutrophils; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Alkaline Phosphatase; Cell Membrane; Child; Child, Preschool; Diphosphonates; Glomerulonephritis; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Leukocytes; Peroxidase; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Prednisone; Pyelonephritis; Urine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Glomerulonephritis; Kidney Glomerulus; Mice

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Biopsy; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Lysosomes; Male

A histochemical enzyme profile has been used to determine the origin of the cells of glomerular crescents in rabbit and sheep models of rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis. Crescentic glomeruli were examined for beta-glucuronidase, esterase and acid phosphatase, the characteristic phagolysosomal enzymes of the monocyte-macrophage series and its transformed tissue counterpart, the epithelioid cell. More than 50% of the cells of the glomerular crescents of animals with experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis contained large amounts of all the enzymes, whereas the cells of normal glomeruli contained only trace amounts of acid phosphatase and esterase and no glucuronidase. These findings support the hypothesis that the major proportion of the cells of glomerular crescents are monocytes which have accumulated in Bowman's space rather than intrinsic glomerular cells which have proliferated.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Esterases; Glomerulonephritis; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Kidney Glomerulus; Macrophages; Monocytes; Rats; Sheep

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Electron Transport Complex IV; Glomerulonephritis; Glycogen; Humans; Neutrophils; Peroxidases; Phagocytosis; Phospholipids

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Atrophy; Glomerulonephritis; Kidney; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Rabbits; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Trypanosoma brucei brucei; Trypanosomiasis, African

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Child; Glomerulonephritis; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lymphocytes; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Glomerulonephritis; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Leukocytes; Middle Aged; Peroxidase; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Age Factors; Animals; Antibodies; Basement Membrane; Complement System Proteins; Glomerulonephritis; Kidney Glomerulus; Lymphocytes; Neutrophils; Proteinuria; Rabbits; Rats

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Amyloidosis; Glomerulonephritis; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Lymphocytes; Nephrotic Syndrome; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amyloidosis; Familial Mediterranean Fever; Glomerulonephritis; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Neutrophils; Peroxidases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amyloidosis; Glomerulonephritis; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Leukocytes; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Nephrotic Syndrome; Neutrophils; Peroxidases; Purpura; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Glomerulonephritis; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Hexokinase; Humans; Kidney; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chlorides; Galactosidases; Glomerulonephritis; Immune Sera; Isoenzymes; Kidney Tubules; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mercury; Nephritis; Polyuria; Proteinuria; Rats

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Amino Acids; Animals; Cytoplasm; Epithelial Cells; Glomerulonephritis; Golgi Apparatus; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Lysosomes; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Morphogenesis; Nephrons; Nephrosis; Peroxidases; Protein Biosynthesis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Middle Aged; Nephrosis; Proteinuria

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Lymphocytes; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Biopsy; Child; Glomerulonephritis; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Kidney; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Nephrosis; Nephrotic Syndrome

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Age Factors; Autopsy; Brain Chemistry; Chronic Disease; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Fatty Acids; Gaucher Disease; Glomerulonephritis; Hepatomegaly; Histocompatibility; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kyphosis; Liver; Male; Muscular Atrophy; Nephrectomy; Pneumonia; Radionuclide Imaging; Sphingolipids; Spleen; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alleles; Beta-Globulins; Blood Group Antigens; Blood Protein Electrophoresis; Child; Complement System Proteins; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunoelectrophoresis; Male; Phenotype; Phosphoglucomutase; Polymorphism, Genetic; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System; Serotyping; Serum Globulins

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Kidney Injury; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Chromates; Chromatography, Gel; Erythrocytes; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Liver Cirrhosis; Nephrectomy; Nephrotic Syndrome; Rabbits; Renal Dialysis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Glomerulonephritis; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immune Sera; Kidney; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules; Rabbits

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Cystitis; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Pyelonephritis; Uremia