acid-phosphatase and Escherichia-coli-Infections

Innate immune response constitutes the first line of defense against pathogens. Inflammatory responses involve close contact between different populations of cells. These adhesive interactions mediate migration of cells to sites of infection leading the effective action of cells within the lesions. Cell adhesion molecules are critical to controlling immune response mediating cell adhesion or chemotaxis, as well as coordinating actin-based cell motility during phagocytosis and chemotaxis. Recently, a newly discovered neuroplastin (Np) adhesion molecule is found to play an important role in the nervous system. However, there is limited information on Np functions in immune response. To understand how Np is involved in innate immune response, a mouse model of intraperitoneal infection was established to investigate the effect of Np on macrophage-mediated clearance of E. coli infection and its possible molecular mechanisms.. Specific deficiency mice with Nptn gene controlling Np65 isoform were employed in this study. The expression levels of mRNA and proteins were detected by qPCR and western blot, or evaluated by flow cytometry. The expression level of NO and ROS were measured with their specific indicators. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by specific detection kits. Acid phosphatase activity was measured by flow cytometry after labelling with LysoRed fluorescent probe. Bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated from bone marrow of mice hind legs. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay. Cell migration was measured by wound healing assay or transwell assay.. The lethal dose of E. coli infection in Np65. This study for the first time demonstrates that Np is involved in multi-function of phagocytes during bacterial infection, proposing that Np adhesion molecule plays a critical role in clearing pathogen infection in innate immunity.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Actins; Animals; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Fluorescent Dyes; Macrophages; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Protein Isoforms; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger

Sepsis stimulates an increase in the number and activity of mononuclear phagocytes in systemic host-defence organs. The present study was conducted to define the ultrastructural and cytochemical characteristics of the mononuclear phagocytes that sequester in the lung microvasculature of septic rats. Fourteen rats were challenged with a single intraperitoneal injection of saline (0.5 ml/100 g), E. coli (2 x 10(7)/100 g) or glucan (4 mg/100 g), and euthanased 2, 4, or 7 d later. The lungs were inflation fixed and processed for transmission electron microscopy. Cellular morphology was used to identify the intravascular mononuclear phagocytes and acid phosphatase (AcPase) expression was monitored as an index of cellular differentiation and activation. Control rats contained a limited number of monocytes in the pulmonary vasculature. In contrast, large numbers of activated mononuclear phagocytes were seen in the microvasculature within 48 h of treatment with either microbial product. The recruited pulmonary intravascular mononuclear phagocytes (PIMP) exhibited AcPase-reactive Golgi complexes, accumulation of secretory vesicles and other features of cell activation consistent with enhanced biosynthetic activity. Subsequent electron microscopy, conducted 4 and 7 d posttreatment, suggested that a progressive decline in the number and activity of PIMPs then occurred. In order to quantify the sepsis-induced accumulation of AcPase-positive PIMP, the experimental challenges were repeated in 11 rats and, 48 h later, tissue samples were evaluated by light microscopy for tartrate-insensitive acid phosphatase. Control rats exhibited 0.148 +/- 0.107 AcPase-positive PIMP/alveoli. E. coli and glucan challenged animals exhibited significant (P < 0.01) increases in AcPase-positive mononuclear phagocytes, with 0.782 +/- 0.073 and 0.636 +/- 0.170 PIMP/alveoli respectively. The results demonstrate that focal sepsis stimulates a significant, but transient, recruitment of activated mononuclear phagocytes into the rat pulmonary microvasculature.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cytoplasm; Escherichia coli Infections; Extracellular Space; Glucagon; Golgi Apparatus; Histocytochemistry; Lung; Male; Microcirculation; Microscopy, Electron; Monocytes; Phagocytes; Pulmonary Alveoli; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sepsis

The effect of rotaviruses and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli administered in various sequences to cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived calves was studied using light and electron microscopy. The structure of the lymphoid tissue in the ileum, the number of mitoses in the crypts, number of intraepithelial lymphocytes, and enzyme histochemistry (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase, beta-galactosidase, and leucinaminopeptidase) of the ileal dome epithelium were evaluated. The area of lymphoid follicles in Peyer's patches of the ileum was investigated morphometrically. Monoinfections with either rotavirus or enterotoxigenic E. coli induced a significant increase in lymphoid follicle area, but did not affect dome epithelial cells. Dual infections did not consistently affect the follicle area, but the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and the mitotic indices exceeded those of comparable monoinfections. Changes in activity of enzymes in the ileal dome epithelial area were minor.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Cattle; Escherichia coli Infections; Histocytochemistry; Ileum; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Microscopy, Electron; Mitotic Index; Peyer's Patches; Rotavirus Infections; Succinate Dehydrogenase

The effect of rotavirus and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, administered in different sequences, on alkaline and acid phosphatase, leucinaminopeptidase, beta-galactosidase, and succinicdehydrogenase of the intestinal mucosa of cesarian-derived, colostrum-deprived calves was investigated. Decrease in enzyme activity was most prominent in dual infections; it also occurred in parts of the small intestine in monoinfected animals. Increases in enzyme activity involved totally either one or all tissue compartments (crypt, basal villus area, villus tips). Increased activity was present in enteric mucosae that were either not affected or were only slightly affected by rotavirus or enterotoxigenic E. coli. We interpret the increase in enzyme activity as an adaptation of the enteric mucosa to maintain the absorptive function.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Cattle; Escherichia coli Infections; Histocytochemistry; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Kinetics; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Microvilli; Rotavirus Infections; Succinate Dehydrogenase

A study was made of the effect of the exopolysaccharide (PS) M. cyaneum B-646 on cellular reaction in peritoneal exudate of white mice infected with E. coli. PS intensified the migration of phagocytic cells to the focus of infection, accelerated neutrophil maturation, promoted an earlier and more active involvement of neutrophils, particularly of macrophages, into the phagocytic process. In this case, there was a marked correlation between the magnitude of phagocyte population (of macrophage population to a greater degree) in peritoneal exudate and absorption capacity. PS activated macrophagal lysosomes, affecting selectively the accumulation of enzymes by the cells and lysosomal membrane permeability. The action of PS is dose-dependent. Under experimental conditions in question, the most favourable effect on local cellular reaction was exerted by PS in a dose of 20 micrograms per mouse.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Cell Migration Inhibition; Escherichia coli Infections; Immunity, Cellular; Immunity, Innate; Macrophages; Mice; Mycobacterium; Neutrophils; Peroxidases; Polysaccharides, Bacterial

The aim of this work was to find out the histochemical activity of alkaline and acid phosphatases, and nonspecific esterases in intestinal mucosa in spontaneous swine colibacillosis. The investigated animals were divided into 3 groups: I--oedema disease (12 pigs), II--enetrotoxemia due to E. coli (8 pigs), III--control animals (5 pigs). The above grouping was based on the clinical, bacteriological and post-mortem examination. A slight increase of alkaline phosphatase activity in the jejunum and ileum of sick pigs was observed. The acid phosphatase activity decreased in the duodenum of oedema diseased pigs, while it increased in the cecum and colon--comparing with the control and enterotoxemia groups of animals. The decrease of acid phosphatase activity was observed in the jejunum and ileum of the enterotoxemia group of animals. The difference in the activity of nonspecific esterases concerned only the cecum and colon of diseased pigs, where its decrease was observed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Escherichia coli Infections; Esterases; Gastroenteritis, Transmissible, of Swine; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Swine

The purpose of the studies was to determine the activity of enzymes in the serum and pig organs with colibacteriosis in the form of oedema and stomach-intestines disease playing a diagnostic role in the determination of the organ damage degree. Studies were carried out on 29 pigs. The activity of LAP, GPT, GOT, AM, FDPA, Lp, AP and AcP was determined in the serum liver, empty intestines and kidneys of the diseased and control pigs. It resulted from the experiments that in the serum of all the diseased animals the activity of FDPA and GOT was considerably increased and that of AP decreased. So, activity determination does not allow to differentiate both forms of colibacteriosis. AM activity increases only in the serum of oedema pigs. In colibacteriosis of pigs the determination of FDPA activity is the most sensitive enzymatic test. In both diseases the activity of this enzyme increases considerable in the serum and all the studied organs. The activity of the studied enzymes shows that in both forms of collibacteriosis of pigs liver, intestines and kidneys are damaged.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; alpha-Amylases; Animals; Colitis; Colon; Escherichia coli Infections; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Kidney; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Lipase; Liver; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Cyclophosphamide; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Escherichia coli Infections; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Guinea Pigs; Inflammation; Leukocyte Count; Lymphocytes; Neutrophils; Oxidoreductases; Phagocytosis; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Escherichia coli Infections; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Macrophages; Mice; Phagocytosis; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Uracil

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bacterial Infections; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Carbon Isotopes; Child; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency; Glucuronidase; Granuloma; Hexosephosphates; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Klebsiella Infections; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes; Male; Middle Aged; NAD; NADP; Oxidoreductases; Peroxidases; Phagocytosis; Pyridines; Sepsis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Dogs; Escherichia coli Infections; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Liver; Lysosomes; Microscopy, Electron; Shock, Septic

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aminosalicylic Acids; Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzimidazoles; Cephaloridine; Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate; Drug Synergism; Escherichia coli Infections; Kanamycin; Liver Glycogen; Macrophages; Mice; Neomycin; Oxacillin; Penicillin G; Penicillin Resistance; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline