acid-phosphatase and Carcinoma--Squamous-Cell

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Humans; Isoenzymes; Laryngeal Diseases; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoclasts; Osteolysis; Tartrates

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Kallikreins; Male; Microscopy; Middle Aged; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Vimentin

The addition of phosphate groups is an essential requirement for the proper functioning of cyclin and cyclin dependent kinase which control various stages in the mitotic division of cancer cells. Thus limiting the availability of phosphate is likely to interfere with the metabolism of rapidly growing malignant cells. The human hormone glucagon and the anti metabolite mithramycin reduce serum phosphate by increasing phosphaturia and are both very effective in treating Paget's disease of bone, a precancerous condition. In this disorder large doses of glucagon given intravenously relieve bone pain and cause serum phosphate and alkaline phosphatase as well as urine hydroxyproline to fall, indicating a marked reduction in bone turnover. A constant iv infusion of glucagon was given to each of three patients all of whom had secondary malignant bone deposits. Two of the patients had primary prostate cancer and one had a squamous cell lung tumour. All three patients had relief of bone pain and a fall in serum alkaline phosphatase. Serum acid phosphatase also fell in the two patients with prostate cancer. It is proposed that the marked drop in serum phosphate due to glucagon causes intracellular phosphate to fall. This in turn disrupts the addition and removal of phosphate groups essential for the proper functioning of cyclin and cyclin dependent kinase. These two proteins control the transition from G1 to S (DNA synthesis phase) and G2 to M (mitotic phase) in the dividing cycle of malignant cells. Depriving a tumour of an essential ingredient used in phosphorylation reactions will disrupt its growth. It is also proposed that, by the same mechanism, glucagon induced hypophosphataemia renders malignant cells more sensitive to established chemotherapeutic agents and radiation waves. If this hypothesis proves to be correct, lowering intracellular phosphate may become an useful tool in cancer therapy. However extensive studies are necessary to determine whether mitosis in cancer cells can be advantageously disrupted by glucagon induced hypophosphataemia.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone and Bones; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Glucagon; Humans; Hydroxyproline; Hypophosphatemia, Familial; Insulin; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Mitosis; Models, Theoretical; Neoplasms; Osteitis Deformans; Phosphates; Phosphorylation; Prostatic Neoplasms

To prospectively investigate the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) after pelvic radiation therapy in patients with uterine cervical cancer.. Of 52 cervical cancer patients who received pelvic RT in our university hospital between 2009 and 2011, 46 patients without recurrence and who were followed up for more than 12 months were included in the study. The BMD of the irradiated region and nonirradiated regions, serum estradiol, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b, and N-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of collagen 1 were measured before, at 3 months after, and at 12 months after RT. The patient cohort was divided into 2 groups according to estradiol level before RT, and the groups were defined as postmenopausal (<40 pg/mL) and premenopausal (≥40 pg/mL).. The mean BMDs within the irradiation field (lumbar vertebra 5) in the postmenopausal and the premenopausal groups were 0.825 and 0.910 g/cm(2) before RT and 0.746 and 0.841 g/cm(2) 12 months after RT, respectively. Significant decreases were observed in both groups (P<.05 and P<.01, respectively). In addition, in the premenopausal group the mean BMDs of the nonirradiated regions at thoracic vertebrae 9-12 and lumbar vertebrae 2-4 were 0.753 and 0.958 g/cm(2) before RT and were significantly decreased to 0.706 and 0.921 g/cm(2) 12 months after RT (P<.01 and P<.05, respectively). Estradiol significantly decreased 3 months after RT, whereas tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b and N-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of collagen 1 continued to increase over time in the premenopausal group.. A decrease in BMD in the irradiated region after RT was observed within 1 year, regardless of menopausal status. Furthermore, in premenopausal patients, pelvic RT caused a decrease in systemic BMD.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Agents; Biomarkers; Bone and Bones; Bone Density; Brachytherapy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Collagen Type I; Combined Modality Therapy; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Isoenzymes; Lumbar Vertebrae; Middle Aged; Pelvis; Peptides; Postmenopause; Premenopause; Prospective Studies; Radiotherapy Dosage; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Thoracic Vertebrae; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) often spreads from the primary tumor to regional lymph nodes in the early stage. Better understanding of the biology of lymphatic spread of oral cancer cells is important for improving the survival rate of cancer patients.. We established the cell line LNMTca8113 by repeated injections in foot pads of nude mice, which had a much higher lymphatic metastasis rate than its parental cell line Tca8113. Then, we compared the biologic behaviors of cancer cells between them. Moreover, microarray-based expression profiles between them were also compared, and a panel of differential genes was validated using real-time-PCR.. In contrast to Tca8113 cells, LNMTca8113 cells were more proliferative and resistant to apoptosis in the absence of serum, and had enhanced ability of inducing capillary-like structures. Moreover, microarray-based expression profiles between them identified 1341 genes involved in cell cycle, cell adhesion, lymphangiogenesis, regulation of apoptosis, and so on. Some genes dedicating to the metastatic potential, including JAM2, TNC, CTSC, LAMB1, VEGFC, HAPLN1, ACPP, GDF9 and FGF11, were upregulated in LNMTca8113 cells.. These results suggested that LNMTca8113 and Tca8113 cells were proper models for lymphatic metastasis study because there were differences in biologic behaviors and metastasis-related genes between them. Additionally, the differentially expressed gene profiles in cancer progression may be helpful in exploring therapeutic targets and provide the foundation for further functional validation of these specific candidate genes for OSCC.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Apoptosis; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cathepsin C; Cell Adhesion; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Female; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Gene Expression Profiling; Growth Differentiation Factor 9; Laminin; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Mouth Neoplasms; Oncogenes; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Proteoglycans; Up-Regulation; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common form of oral cancer. Destruction and invasion of mandibular and maxillary bone frequently occurs and contributes to morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that the bisphosphonate drug zoledronic acid (ZOL) would inhibit tumor-induced osteolysis and reduce tumor growth and invasion in a murine xenograft model of bone-invasive oral SCC (OSCC) derived from an osteolytic feline OSCC. Luciferase-expressing OSCC cells (SCCF2Luc) were injected into the perimaxillary subgingiva of nude mice, which were then treated with 100 μg/kg ZOL or vehicle. ZOL treatment reduced tumor growth and prevented loss of bone volume and surface area but had no effect on tumor invasion. Effects on bone were associated with reduced osteolysis and increased periosteal new bone formation. ZOL-mediated inhibition of tumor-induced osteolysis was characterized by reduced numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclasts at the tumor-bone interface, where it was associated with osteoclast vacuolar degeneration. The ratio of eroded to total bone surface was not affected by treatment, arguing that ZOL-mediated inhibition of osteolysis was independent of effects on osteoclast activation or initiation of bone resorption. In summary, our results establish that ZOL can reduce OSCC-induced osteolysis and may be valuable as an adjuvant therapy in OSCC to preserve mandibular and maxillary bone volume and function.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Bone Resorption; Calcium; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cats; Diphosphonates; Disease Models, Animal; Imidazoles; Isoenzymes; Luciferases; Male; Mice; Mice, Nude; Mouth Neoplasms; Osteoclasts; Osteolysis; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Transplantation, Heterologous; X-Ray Microtomography; Zoledronic Acid

Only sporadic cases of prostate carcinomas with squamous differentiation have been reported.. The files of two institutions were reviewed for prostate cancers with squamous differentiation.. A total of 33 cases were studied. The average age at diagnosis was 68 years (range 49-86 years). The most common presenting symptoms included bladder outlet obstruction and dysuria. Thirteen men had a positive digital rectal examination. Diagnosis was made by needle biopsy (n = 23); transurethral resection of the prostate (n = 5); needle and transurethral resection of the prostate (n = 1); transurethral resection of the bladder (n = 1); or biopsy of metastases (n = 3). In 21 of 33 cases, there was a prior diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate; 8 patients were treated with hormones, 4 were treated with radiation, and 1 received both radiation and hormone therapy. Of the 12 men without a prior diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, 2 patients had received hormonal therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eight of 33 cases were pure squamous carcinomas. The remaining cases were adenosquamous carcinoma (n = 16), adenosquamous and urothelial carcinoma (n = 3), and adenosquamous carcinoma and sarcoma (n = 6). The squamous carcinoma component of these mixed cases averaged 40% of the tumor volume (range 5%-95%) and had a range of cytologic atypia (mild [n = 6], moderate [n = 17], severe [n = 10]). In the 25 cases with adenocarcinoma, the glandular component tended to be high-grade (Gleason grade >6 in 19 cases). Immunohistochemistry for prostate specific acid phosphatase and prostate specific antigen was positive in a large percentage of the adenocarcinomas (85% and 75%, respectively) and only very focally positive in 12% of the squamous carcinomas. 34 beta E12 was diffusely positive in >95% of the squamous carcinomas and only focally positive in <10% of the adenocarcinomas. Cytokeratins 7 and 20 did not differentiate the squamous and adenocarcinoma components. Follow-up was available on 25 of 33 cases, with the average survival being 24 months (range 0-63 months).. Squamous differentiation in prostate cancer is uncommon, often but not necessarily arising in the setting of prior hormone or radiation therapy, and is associated with a poor prognosis. In addition to pure squamous cell carcinoma and adenosquamous cancer, other patterns may be seen. Whereas the adenocarcinoma component is typically high grade, the squamous component has a wide range of differentiation.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Survival Rate

We quantified telomerase activity (TA) in patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant and nonmalignant lesions, and compared it with their clinical status and grade of malignancy. Fifty-two malignant and 52 nonmalignant lesions were analyzed. All malignant lesions were pathologically diagnosed as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Normal gingival tissue served as a control. These specimens were obtained by biopsy or surgical resection, and stored at -80 degrees C until use. TA was quantified by a fluorescence-based TRAP method. TA levels ranged from 0.00 to 95.24 (average 33.24)U/microgP in 52 malignant lesions, and from 0.00 to 79.35 (average 11.91)U/microgP in 52 nonmalignant lesions (P < 0.0001). TA was detected in 96.2% of malignant and 65.4% of nonmalignant lesions. There was no relationship between TA levels and clinical stages or YK classification. However, under WHO classification, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) between Grades I and III or II + III. Among nonmalignant lesions, epithelial dysplasia showed a significantly higher TA level than that of oral lichen planus (P < 0.05) and other benign lesions (P < 0.0001). Oral lichen planus also significantly differed from other benign lesions (P < 0.05). These results suggest that TA is related to the histological grade of malignancy, and is also useful as a prognostic predictor for precancerous lesions and conditions.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Case-Control Studies; Child; Epithelium; Female; Humans; Isoenzymes; Lichen Planus, Oral; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Precancerous Conditions; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Telomerase

The aim of the study was an assessment of some lysosomal enzymes activity in serum and in tumors of patients with lung cancer histopathologically confirmed as squamous cell lung carcinoma. The first group constisted of 10 patients with stage II of the disease and the second group consisted of 11 patients with stage III of the disease. Lysosomal enzymes activities were assayed in serum before surgery and on the 10th day after surgery in serum and in tumors. Arylsuphatase, cathepsin D and acid phosphatase activities were higher in the patients serum than in that of the control group. The decrease of arylsulphatase and cathepsin D activities after surgery was statistically significant in both groups of patients, but the cathepsin D activity was still 3 times higher in patients than in those from the control group. The decrease of acid phosphatase activity after surgery was about 50% in both groups of patients and this decrease was statistically significant. The arylsulphatase and acid phosphatase activity in tumors was nearly 3 times higher in stage III patients than it was in stage II patients, but the cathepsin D activity was nearly the same in both patient groups. Higher lysosomal enzyme activity may be a useful factor in diagnosing and monitoring of lung cancer. However, further investigations are needed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Arylsulfatases; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Case-Control Studies; Cathepsin D; Humans; Hydrolases; Lung Neoplasms; Lysosomes; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging

This study evaluated the ability of bisphosphonate to prevent bone resorption induced by metastatic tumor cells.. Autopsy specimens of a bone metastasis from a woman with a primary squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue who developed multiple osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia and was treated with pamidronate were studied histologically, histochemically, and ultrastructurally. In an animal experiment, cultured tumor cells (1 x 10(5)) obtained from a metastatic submandibular lymph node in the same patient were injected in the left ventricle of nude mice, and a resulting metastatic bone lesion was studied histologically and histochemically.. In the autopsy specimens, despite the presence of many resorption lacunae on bone surface, only a few small tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAPase)-positive cells were observed, and most of them were stained weakly and detached from the bone surface. In the animal experiment, 1 of 10 animals (10%) formed osteolytic bone metastasis, and many TRAPase-positive cells were observed histochemically.. Biphosphonate inhibits bone resorption induced by tumor, possibly by decreasing the number of osteoclasts and inhibiting their function.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Bone Resorption; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diphosphonates; Female; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Isoenzymes; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Osteoclasts; Pamidronate; Spinal Neoplasms; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Thoracic Vertebrae; Tongue Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured

The relationship between cartilage and invading neoplastic cells was studied in 32 cases of laryngeal cancer by histological and cytochemical methods. Cartilage invasion was present in 12 cases, 10 of which were in proximity or in contact with areas of calcification and ossification. It was significantly correlated only to tobacco consumption (P less than .05) and, in regard to glottic tumors, to tumor diameter greater than 3 cm (P less than .01). Histologically, neoplastic invasion in cartilage was massive in 2 cases, occurred in areas of ossification in 4, between cartilage and bone in 4, and in epiglottic cartilage in 2. In 3 of the cases with bone invasion, there was also new bone formation. Hyaline cartilage and bone resorption was due to tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive giant cells; in epiglottic cartilage only mononuclear cells were present, some of which were TRAP-positive. These results show that neoplastic cells can promote not only resorption and formation of bone, but also resorption of cartilage, which is considered resistant to neoplastic invasion. The different types of resorbing cells in contact with hyaline cartilage and bone in laryngeal cancer, and elastic cartilage in epiglottic cancer, suggest that the structure of the tissue being resorbed can influence the type of resorbing cells.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Nucleolus; Cell Nucleus; Chromatin; Cytoplasm; Cytoplasmic Granules; Epiglottis; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Laryngeal Cartilages; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Male; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Tartrates; Thyroid Cartilage

Invasion and intracellular survival of Campylobacter jejuni in HEp-2 cells were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and by viable counts after killing of extracellular bacteria by gentamicin. During the first 30 min after challenge, no bacteria were seen in association with the host cell. After 1 h, campylobacters apparently attached to the cell membrane, with areas of close appositions. In these areas, an intracellular network of actin-like filaments was seen beneath the plasma membrane. Other bacteria were included into endocytic vacuoles. After 3 h, an intense lysosomal response was observed in the host cells, as determined by the presence of myelinic forms and acid phosphatase activity. After 9 h, bacteria still contained in vacuoles showed signs of degradation with a change from spiral to coccal forms. Morphological evidence of phagosome-lysosome fusion was also seen, and these observations by transmission electron microscopy correlated well with a decrease in bacteria viability 9 h after challenge, as determined from separate kinetics studies. Inhibitors of phagocytosis were observed to reduce markedly the entry of C. jejuni into the cells at concentrations which apparently did not affect bacterial viability. These results suggest that the campylobacters were successively attached to the HEp-2 cell membrane, internalized by a phagocytic-like mechanism, and digested after phagosome-lysosome fusion.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Bacteriolysis; Campylobacter fetus; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Cytoplasm; Humans; Phagocytosis; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Histogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma in two prostates heavily affected by schistosomiasis was determined immunohistochemically by localization of two prostatic specific markers and keratin. The demonstration of prostatic specific antigen and keratin served to differentiate between metaplasia and squamous cell carcinoma associated with prostatic schistosomiasis from other prostatic and urinary bladder neoplasms.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Antigens, Neoplasm; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Keratins; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Schistosomiasis; Seminal Vesicles; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

In 33 patients with lung cancer (6 women and 27 men, aged at average 61.2 years) the activity and intracellular localization of acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in peripheral blood lymphocytes were determined by means of semiquantitative cytochemical methods. In comparison to the control group of healthy subjects, the patients with lung cancer showed increased counts of acid phosphatase-positive lymphocytes with granular-diffuse cytochemical reaction, increased counts of beta-glucuronidase-positive lymphocytes with solely granular type of reaction and increased numbers of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase-positive cells showing the granular, granular-diffuse and diffuse type of reaction. The total count of beta-glucuronidase-positive and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase-positive lymphocytes was significantly elevated in these patients. The authors discuss the significance of their observations for evaluating lymphocyte response in patients with lung cancer.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Glucuronidase; Hexosaminidases; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged

Keratin was found in more than 90% of transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder in the cytoplasma with polyclonal antibodies. Intensity increased with dedifferentiation. Cytokeratin was detected with monoclonal antibodies in more than 80%. Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder was always strongly positive for keratin and cytokeratin. CEA was found in 20% of G1 and 40% of G2 and G3 carcinomas of the urinary bladder. The prostatic epithelium markers PSA and PAP were always negative also Ca1.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Antibodies; Antigens, Neoplasm; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Keratins; Male; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Rat prostatic tumor (Dunning R 3327 tumor) is a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of Copenhagen strain rat; its growth is extremely slow and androgen-dependent. Two new sublines (Chiba University A and B; CUA, CUB) were obtained during passages; CUA, squamous cell carcinoma, grew at moderate speed, and CUB grew rapidly, being composed of spindle-shaped cells and large bizarre polygonal cells. Growth of CUA was slightly androgen-dependent, while that of CUB was independent of sex hormones. Activities of acid phosphatase were increased in both CUA and CUB as compared with the original R 3327, so the less differentiated sublines of CUA and CUB showed unusual progression. In contrast, activities of alkaline phosphatase in CUA and CUB were diminished as compared with that of the original tumor. Both androgen and estrogen receptors were detected in the cytosol from R 3327, but there was no detectable amount of androgen and estrogen receptors in CUA. CUB did not show any androgen binding but estrogen binding was observed in the cytosol, though estrogen did not have any detectable effect on the growth of this tumor.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Cytosol; Female; Male; Neoplasm Transplantation; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rats; Receptors, Androgen; Receptors, Estrogen; Staining and Labeling; Time Factors

A case is reported of metastatic adenosquamous carcinoma that developed in a patient one year after diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Prostatic origin of the neoplasm was proved by immunoperoxidase staining for prostatic acid phosphatase in the metastases as well as demonstration of both glandular and squamous differentiation in tumor within the prostate on repeat TURP. This change in tumor differentiation occurred despite the fact that the patient had received no estrogen or radiation. The metastases showed remarkable response when the patient later began diethylstilbestrol (DES) therapy.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diethylstilbestrol; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Thoracic Neoplasms

After in vitro incubation of human squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region with aromatic retinoid an increased number of lysosomes can be observed in the tumor cells. It is discussed whether this accumulaion of lysosomes is due to a direct stimulation of lysosomal enzyme synthesis or whether it is consequence of cell damage by the retinoid.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acitretin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Culture Techniques; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lysosomes; Mouth Neoplasms; Tretinoin

An immunoperoxidase technique to detect prostatic-specific acid phosphatase (PSAP) was used on specimens from 98 cases of prostatic carcinoma that were graded by both the Gleason and the Mostofi systems, to see if tumor grade correlated with amount of PSAP seen in tissue. Most tumors showed strong, diffuse cytoplasmic staining; no significant difference was seen among the various grades. Other than focal, weak staining of renal tubular epithelium, the antibody to PSAP gave uniformly negative results with a variety of normal and neoplastic tissues. In light of the great sensitivity and specificity of this technique, it potential applications include diagnosis of poorly differentiated prostatic malignant neoplasms, whether primary or metastatic.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Melanoma; Neoplasm Staging; Prostatic Neoplasms; Wilms Tumor

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diethylstilbestrol; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms

Fifty-five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were evaluated immunologically by measuring the level of T cells (E-RFC) and high affinity subset T cells (E-29) in the peripheral blood and peritumorous lymph nodes. A significant decrease (p less than 0.05) in mean percentage of E-29 was observed in cancer patient peripheral blood. In peritumorous lymph nodes, there was no difference in terms of total T cells or of high affinity subset T cells, as compared to non-malignant lymph nodes, or between tumor-free and metastatic lymph nodes. Macrophage content was much higher in metastatic than in tumor-free lymph nodes (p less than 0.05) and these macrophages frequently appeared to be more active when tested in phagocytosis of sheep red blood cells sensitized with IgG or IgM + C.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Macrophages; Male; Middle Aged; T-Lymphocytes

The occurrence, distribution, morphology and enzymatic activity of lysosomes in malignant keratinocytes of laryngeal carcinoma was studied by electron microscopy and ultrastructural cytochemistry. Lysosomes can be observed in various forms: dense bodies, multivesicular bodies, myelin bodies and residual bodies. The acid phosphatase activity varied both with regard to intensity and staining pattern. Specific reaction product in lysosomes is present in the cell cortex and in cytoplasmic processes of basal carcinoma cells. Extra-cellular localization of acid phosphatase was also observed at the tumor-stroma junction. The enzyme cytochemical and morphological results are discussed in relations to current concepts of lysosomal enzymatic activity in tumor cells. The findings suggest, that extra-cellular secretion of lysosomal enzymes may play an important role in facilitating tumor invasion and metastasis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngectomy; Lysosomes

The subcellular distribution of acid phosphatase in malignant keratinocytes of invasive laryngeal carcinoma was studied by ultrastructureal cytochemistry. The reaction product was localized in Golgi, ER, and some cytoplasmic vesicles. Acid phosphatase activity was also observed in lysosomal structures in the cortical cytoplasm of basal carcinoma cells. Extracellular acid phohphatase activity also occurred at the tumor-stroma junction in membrane-bound vesicular structures. The localization of acid phosphatase in this report is discussed in relation to acid phosphatase activity in other tumors. The findings lend further support to the important role of hydrolytic enzyme release in respect to tumor invasion into surrounding tissues.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngectomy; Larynx; Lysosomes

Surgical specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma were processed for cytochemistry of acid phosphatase using Gomori's substrate. Reaction product was deposited in the cytoplasmic dense bodies, autophagic vacuoles, cytoplasmic projections, and advancing cell borders. Results of this study suggest that acid phosphatase and its associated lysosomes seem to play a role in the invasiveness of cancer cells.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lysosomes; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms

A comparative study was made of the total lysosomal enzyme activity found in homogenates of normal ectocervical squamous epithelium and squamous carcinoma of this epithelium. The activities of acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, cathepsin D and acid ribonuclease were higher in carcinoma tissue than in normal tissue. The most important observation made was with regard to the distribution of enzyme activity in homogenates. In carcinoma homogenates most of the enzyme activity was detected in the lysosomal fractions, whereas in controls the activity was predominantly found in the cytosol fractions. No histochemical and electron microscopical techniques were used in this study. Because it was possible to sediment the enzyme activity and to demonstrate latency, these can be referred to as lysosomal enzymes with certainty.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cathepsins; Cervix Uteri; Cytosol; Female; Glucuronidase; Lysosomes; Ribonucleases; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

In 20 men, aged 35 to 55 years, with untreated cancer of the larynx activity of lysosomal acid phosphatase (AP), beta-glucuronidase (GR) and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase was determined cytochemically in peripheral blood lymphocytes and neutrophils by means of Barka and Anderson, Hayashi et al. and Hayashi's method, respectively; the results obtained were compared with those in 20 healthy men aged 20 to 30 years. Total count of GR-positive lymphocytes was higher in the patients than in normal persons. Total counts of AP-, GR-, and GS-positive lymphocytes with not disrupted enzyme-positive lysosomal granules within the cell cytoplasm were significantly lower and total counts of cells exhibiting the disruption of lysosomal granules and the diffuse type of cytochemical reaction were significantly higher in the patients when compared with the control group. The response of neutrophils consisted of a significant elevation in numbers of AP-, and GS-positive cells; overall score of enzyme activity studied in neutrophils was not altered in the patients. The authors disucss the significance of their observations in the light of data on participation of lymphocytic and neutrophilic lysosomal apparatus in the immunological response against tumour specific antigen in patients with cancer.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Glucuronidase; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lymphocytes; Lysosomes; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils

During treatment of keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas with bleomycin tumor cells are devitalized by keratinization, while simple necrosis plays a minor role. Connected with this process is a marked resorptive granulomatous inflammation with numerous macrophages which is followed by a fibrous organization. In the border region of the keratinized tumor areas many multinucleated giant cells appear. The nature of these giant cells was the subject of controversy. Enzyme histochemical, electronmicroscopic, and ultrahistochemical investigations in three cases of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity prove that the giant cells which are formed during bleomycin treatment are not multinucleated tumor cells, but multinucleated macrophages. The enzymatic pattern is similar to macrophages with a high content of acid phosphatase and aminopeptidase. The ultrastructure of the giant cells is characterized by lysosomes with acid phosphatase activity, pinocytotic vesicles, and cytoplasmic projections on the cell surface with signs of macroendocytosis. The tumor cells show an epithelial differentiation with desmosomes, tonofibrils, and keratohyaline granula. The giant cells are formed by fusion of mononucleated (monocytogenic) macrophages. The fusions seem to be related to the functional status of the cells. It is possible, that the macrophages and the giant cells have an additional immunologic function. This is suggested by the frequent association of giant cells with lymphocytes. The importance of these facts for the evaluation of the action of bleomycin and the consequences for its therapeutic use are discussed. A combination with methods causing a dedifferentiation of the tumor or suppression of the immunologic defense seems to be problematic.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Fusion; Cell Membrane; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Keratins; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Lysosomes; Macrophages; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Organoids; Phagocytosis

The authors studied the modifications of the activities of some enzymes in cell cultures submitted to the action of biliverdin. This biliary pigment rapidly induces a remarkable increase in alkaline phosphatase and ATP-ase activities and subsequently, an activation of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase. On the contrary, 5'-nucleotidase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities remain unchanged. These results are discussed and compared with those obtained in our and other laboratories by using unconjugated bilirubin on different biological substrates.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bilirubin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Cell Nucleus; Cells, Cultured; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lysosomes; Mitochondria; Nucleotidases; Stimulation, Chemical

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidoreductases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Autopsy; Biopsy, Needle; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diagnostic Errors; Humans; Male; Methods; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rectum

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bronchi; Bronchial Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Esterases; Giant Cell Tumors; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Malate Dehydrogenase; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Neoplasm Metastasis; Oxidoreductases; Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Basosquamous; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Esterases; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lung Neoplasms; Malate Dehydrogenase; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Nucleotidases; Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Carcinoma in Situ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Middle Aged; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaginal Smears

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Chronic Disease; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyperplasia; Laryngeal Diseases; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngoscopy; Leukoplakia; Papilloma; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Precancerous Conditions

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Cytoplasm; Histocytochemistry; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lysosomes; Microscopy, Electron; Poliovirus; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Nucleus; Cytoplasm; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Female; Golgi Apparatus; Humans; Keratosis; Leukoplakia, Oral; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Mitosis; Polyribosomes; Ribosomes; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Estrogens; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prognosis; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiotherapy, High-Energy; Rhabdomyosarcoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Anus Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cheek; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Mouth Neoplasms; Penile Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Biopsy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cervix Uteri; Epithelial Cells; Female; Histiocytes; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lysosomes; Microscopy, Electron; Necrosis; Organoids; Phagocytosis; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Papillary; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; DNA, Neoplasm; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; RNA, Neoplasm; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Aged; Biopsy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Dendrites; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Ichthyosis; Langerhans Cells; Leukocytes; Lipids; Lysosomes; Male; Mast Cells; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Nucleotides; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Papillary; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Division; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Hyperplasia; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Nasal Mucosa; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nitroso Compounds; Nose Neoplasms; Papilloma; Piperidines; Rats; Thymidine; Tritium

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cervix Uteri; Esterases; Female; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Middle Aged; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Uterine Cervicitis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Anus Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cheek; Facial Neoplasms; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Penile Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Blood Vessels; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Basosquamous; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Phagocytosis; Radiotherapy Dosage; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; DNA; Epithelium; Esterases; Female; Glycogen; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Precancerous Conditions; Pregnancy; RNA; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Biopsy; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Colorimetry; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Leukemia; Liver Neoplasms; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Melanoma; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenoids; Adolescent; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Infant; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Methods; Neck; Organ Size; Palatine Tonsil; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Prostate; Tonsillitis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cheek; Cricetinae; Esterases; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; Mouth Mucosa; Mouth Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Division; Cell Line; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cell Nucleus; Chromosomes; Culture Techniques; DNA; Ethanol; Fibroblasts; Humans; L Cells; Lysosomes; Mice; Mouth Neoplasms; RNA; Tritium; Uridine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cervix Uteri; Esterases; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glucuronidase; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Monoamine Oxidase; Oxidoreductases; Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Uterine Cervicitis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Leukoplakia; Lysosomes; Methylcholanthrene; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Neoplasms, Experimental; Skin; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Culture Techniques; Cyclophosphamide; Electron Transport Complex IV; Enzymes; Esterases; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Hydrocortisone; Imidazoles; Mouth Neoplasms; Nucleotidases; Staining and Labeling; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminosalicylic Acids; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Deoxyribonucleases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Keratoacanthoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Choriocarcinoma; Duodenal Neoplasms; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Stomach Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Esterases; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice; Neoplasm Transplantation; Nucleotidases; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaginal Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cervix Uteri; Cobalt Isotopes; Electron Transport Complex IV; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Middle Aged; Monoamine Oxidase; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenofibroma; Alkaline Phosphatase; Ameloblastoma; Aminopeptidases; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; Mice; Mouth Neoplasms; Sarcoma, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Tumor Virus Infections

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Animals; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Enzymes; Esterases; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glucuronidase; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydro-Lyases; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Methylcholanthrene; Mice; Neoplasms, Experimental; Research; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Carcinogens; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Esterases; Fibrosarcoma; Galactosidases; Histocytochemistry; Neoplasms, Experimental; Pathology; Rats; Research; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Submandibular Gland; Submandibular Gland Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Toxicology

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cheek; Cricetinae; Esterases; Galactosidases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukoplakia; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Pathology; Research

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinogenesis; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cheek; Cricetinae; Epithelial Cells; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lysosomes; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Papilloma; Research

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Mice; Mitochondria; NAD; NADP; Neoplasms, Experimental; Pathology; Research; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lip Neoplasms; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Pathology; Vaginal Neoplasms; Vulvar Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Electron Transport Complex II; Esterases; Glucuronidase; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Succinate Dehydrogenase