acid-phosphatase and Burns

To explore the dynamic postburn change in macrophage function in burned mice within 120 hrs after injury, and to investigate the effects of astragalus and shenmai injections on the macrophage function and surrvival rate of burned mice.. The mice were divided into 13 groups according to postburn time and handling methods, i,e, normal control (A), burn control (B), normal mice with astragalus (NA), normal mice with shenmai (NS), burned mice with astragal (BA), burned mice with shenmai (BS) 2 postburn hour (2 PBH), 6 PBH, 12 PBH, 24 PBH, 48 PBH, 72 PBH, 120 PBH groups. The changes in the various macrophage functions at different postburn time points and after the use of astragalus and shenmai injections were determined by means of phagocytic and RT-PCR methods.. (1) Within 120 PBHs, the phagocytic function of murine macrophages decreased evidently. The ACP activity decreased obviously. The expression of IL-15 mRNA fluctuated and that of TNF mRNA enhanced significantly. (2) Five days after the application of astragalus in dose of 2 500 mg . kg(-1) .d(-1), the phagocytic function of macrophages and ACP activity increased markedly (P < 0.01). The expressions of IL-15 and TNF mRNAs were not influenced. The survival rate of mice was not increased. (3) Five days after the application of shenmai injection in dose of 2.5 ml . kg(-1) . d(-1), the phagocytic function of macrophages and ACP activity increased significantly (P < 0.01), while the expression of IL-15 mRNA exhibited no change. But the expression of TNFalpha mRNA decreased obviously (P < 0.01). Moreover, the survival rate of burned mice was evidently raised (P < 0.05).. Peritoneal administration of shenmai injection at early postburn stage could significantly improve the macrophage function of burned mice, and it increase the survival rate of mice.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Astragalus Plant; Burns; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gene Expression Regulation; Interleukin-15; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Phagocytosis; RNA, Messenger; Survival Rate; Time Factors

Studies were conducted on four groups of rats, each group consisting of 10 rats with burn + vitamin E, burn + saline solution, control + vitamin E and control + saline solution. Before and after burning 250 mg (2 cm3) of vitamin E was given intramuscularly. On the same days 2 cm3 of saline solution was given to the controls. The rats were burned over 30 per cent of their body surface area and then inoculated intraperitoneally with 40 units of tetanus toxoid. Complement fixation and acid phosphatase tests were carried out on the days 15 and 21 postburn. On day 21, the rats were killed and the spleens removed and weighted. In the groups that received vitamin E, the spleen weight and complement fixation test increased significantly while the acid phosphatase in serum decreased. In the clinical study, 17 burned patients with over 20 per cent deep partial or full skin thickness burns and eight healthy persons were studied. Nine of the 17 burned patients received vitamin E on 3 consecutive days, on day 4 blood was taken for analysis. The results showed that the number of T-cells decreased significantly in burn patients (P less than 0.05) whereas they increased significantly (P less than 0.05) in burn patients who received vitamin E. It is concluded from these experimental and clinical studies that vitamin E stimulates both cellular and humoral immunity. Therefore, the use of vitamin E in combination with conventional therapy in burn patients can be recommended.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Antibody Formation; Burns; Complement Fixation Tests; Immunity; Immunity, Cellular; Injections, Intramuscular; Rats; T-Lymphocytes; Vitamin E

As the changed permeability of leucocyte membranes due to thermal injury causes an increase in serum enzyme levels, it has been assumed that prevention of this increase by membrane-stabilizing agents such as zinc, selenium and vitamin E may help the recovery of burned patients. In a study of 12 control and 12 burned patients with 20-30 per cent partial skin thickness burns, 2 X 10(6) leucocytes obtained from controls and patients have been pretreated first with vitamin E, zinc and selenium and their combinations for 30 min. Then the responses of these cells to zymosan stimulation (40 X 10(6) particles per 2 X 10(6) cells) were comparatively investigated. The release of acid phosphatase, chosen as a marker of lysosomal enzyme in this study, showed a significant increase in leucocytes from burned patients (P less than 0.01). Vitamin E, zinc and selenium prevented this increase of acid phosphatase significantly (P less than 0.01), and the effect of these compounds was found to be similar rather than additive. These results suggested that the addition of the membrane-stabilizing agents may help in the treatment of burned patients.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Burns; Cell Membrane Permeability; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Leukocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Selenium; Vitamin E; Zinc

The acid phosphatase activity in cell culture of rat liver cells is demonstrated and measured after growing the cells in a medium supplemented either with serum from control rats or with serum from scalded rats. The results indicate that the observed changes in enzyme activity reflect damage to the cells cultivated with serum from scalded rats.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Cells, Cultured; Coloring Agents; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Histocytochemistry; Liver; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

Biochemical and functional measurements of rat pulmonary alveolar macrophages were measured 4 h after 1 10-s, 26 to 28% total body surface area, full-thickness scald burn induced under ether anesthesia. Both phagocytic activity and capacity were significantly decreased to a comparable extent, whereas microbicidal activity was increased almost twofold in macrophages from the burned animals. Concurrent with the decreased phagocytic function was a marked impairment in chemotaxis and random migration of these cells when zymosan-activated serum was used as the chemoattractant. When biochemical parameters were examined, it was demonstrated that, on a per-cell but not total-protein basis, alveolar macrophages from burned animals had elevated levels of RNA, total protein beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase, and 5'-nucleotidase. These results raise the possibility that the increased pneumonitis in burned individuals may be due to more complex macrophage dysfunctions than impaired microbicidal activity, as was once thought. Alternatively, the biochemical and functional changes observed may be a reflection of a new population of macrophages appearing in the lungs after thermal injury.

Topics: 5'-Nucleotidase; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Chemotaxis; Glucuronidase; Lung; Macrophages; Male; Nucleotidases; Phagocytosis; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Blood Cell Count; Blood Proteins; Blood Transfusion; Bone Marrow; Burns; Child; Child, Preschool; Critical Care; Enzyme Activation; Glycogen; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Infant; Middle Aged

A composite histochemical and histoenzymechemical study of an experimental burn wound was carried out. The results indicated that the process of healing of the burn wound differed considerably from that of wounds of different etiologies. The burn wound was characterized by secondary obligate deepening, inhibition of leucocyte and macrophage reactions with a reduced functional activity of the cells, simultaneous existence of alterative-exudative and macrophage reactions, inhibition of granulation development, microbial dissemination in the wound and development of vasculites in the wound.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Fibroblasts; Glycoproteins; Glycosaminoglycans; Granulation Tissue; Histocytochemistry; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mast Cells; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase

The effect of proteolytic inhibitor contrical on the experimental burn wound healing was studied in rats using biochemical, histological and histochemical methods. In control untreated animals with flame burn of 20% of body surface wound healing was associated with development of secondary necrosis, marked inflammatory reaction, augmented activity of proteases and peptidases. The use of contrical prevented secondary necrosis; this effect was apparently related to reduction of tissue proteolytic enzymes activity.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aprotinin; Burns; Male; Necrosis; Peptide Hydrolases; Rats; Skin; Wound Healing

Under conditions of a severe burn trauma the experimental P. aeruginosa pneumonia is accompanied by marked destructive changes of all the elements of the hemato-aerial barrier and its increased permeability. At the same time, because of sharp inhibition of the intracellular lysis of bacteria in all elements of the pulmonary reticuloendothelial system, a long-term retention of the pathogenic microflora in the pulmonary tissue is observed. The combination of these factors results in microflora invasion of the blood channel of the lungs, and in this way the lungs acquire an important role as additional portals of entry of infection in severe burn trauma.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Capillaries; Lung; Lysosomes; Macrophages; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Pneumonia; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Pulmonary Alveoli; Rats

An increased stability of liver lysosomes and mitochondria of burned, dehydrated and tumour-bearing rats has been found in the present investigations. Using biochemical criteria we were able to show that the membranes of liver subcellular particles of these animals become more resistent to the labilizing action of CCl4. The latter effect was confirmed by electron microscopic data. The tumour growth, dehydration and burning of rats as well as sleep deprivation, overheating, lanthanum and ruthenium red have been shown to cause changes in the activity of some enzyme-systems located in endoplasmic reticulum. The protective action of these chemical, pathological and stress factors against CCl4 produced damage to the cell organelles studied is discussed in relation to the activity of the drug metabolizing pathways; biochemical (modifying of some enzyme activity) as well as pharmacological (duration of hexobarbital sleep) data were used as criteria for the activity of these pathways.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aniline Hydroxylase; Animals; Burns; Carbon Tetrachloride; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Dehydration; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Female; Liver; Liver Diseases; Lysosomes; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Stress, Physiological

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Bandages; Blood Transfusion; Burns; Cellulose; Child; Electron Transport Complex IV; Esterases; Granulation Tissue; Humans; Male; Methods; Skin Transplantation; Transplantation, Autologous; Wound Healing

A group of 277 yeasts isolated from burned children and 14 reference strains were tested for phosphatase activity by using phenolphthalein phosphate substrates. Phosphatase activity was widely distributed among various species and strains representing seven genera. Candida albicans, which was the most common yeast isolated from clinical material, was notably absent in producing the enzyme, whereas Candida tropicalis was the most consistent, strong, and rapidly active phosphatase-producing organism. The characteristic enzyme activity of a selected isolate of C. tropicalis was demonstrated in the presence of concentrations of inorganic phosphate which inhibited enzyme activity of other species. The greater enzyme activity of C. tropicalis was not related to more rapid or greater cell growth or decrease in the pH of culture media. Extracellular constitutive heat-labile acid phosphatase was found in broth filtrates of C. tropicalis, C. krusei, and a strain of Staphylococcus aureus.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Burns; Candida; Candida albicans; Child; Colorimetry; Culture Media; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Phenolphthaleins; Phosphates; Saccharomyces; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Species Specificity; Staphylococcus; Yeasts

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adrenal Glands; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Blood Glucose; Blood Proteins; Burns; Flavonoids; Glycogen; Guinea Pigs; Hydrolyzable Tannins; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver; Muscles; Nucleic Acids; Pyruvates; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Tannins; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Disease Models, Animal; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Liver; Methods; Necrosis; Rats

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Autopsy; Burns; Cholinesterases; Colonic Diseases; Duodenal Ulcer; Esophagitis, Peptic; Gallbladder Diseases; Gastric Mucosa; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Mucins; Nucleoproteins; Pharyngeal Diseases; Stomach Ulcer; Ulcer

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Glucuronidase; Guinea Pigs; Histocytochemistry; Skin Transplantation; Transplantation, Autologous; Wound Healing

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Histocytochemistry; Kidney; Liver; Rats; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adrenal Medulla; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Burns; Chromaffin System; Epinephrine; Esterases; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

1. The concentrations of several intracellular enzymes in rabbit skin have been measured 5 min, 2, 6 and 24 h after thermal injury.2. At 5 min and 2 h after a burn (60 degrees C for 1 min) there was a significant fall in the enzyme activities whereas at 6 h their activities were higher than control.3. It appears that the increase in enzyme concentrations in the lymph during the first few hours after thermal injury is associated with a fall in the enzyme concentrations in the tissues and therefore might be the result of leakage of enzyme from storage sites in the injured cells.4. The second increase in enzyme concentrations in the lymph which has been observed 6-18 h after thermal injury occurs at a time when there is also an increase in the enzyme concentrations in the tissue.5. It seems unlikely that these increased activities are due to new synthesis since there was no apparent correlation between tissue enzyme concentrations and protein synthetic activity, and the changes still occurred after administration of cycloheximide.6. There was a change in the LDH isoenzyme pattern after injury towards a predominance of LDH-1. This change did not occur immediately after the burn, but was present at 2 and 6 h, and returned to normal 24 h later.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Amino Acids; Animals; Burns; Cathepsins; Creatine Kinase; Cycloheximide; Glucuronidase; Glycogen; Isoenzymes; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Protein Biosynthesis; Rabbits; Ribosomes; Skin

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Burns; Esterases; Granulation Tissue; Guinea Pigs; Histocytochemistry; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Skin; Wound Healing

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Cathepsins; Freezing; Glucuronidase; Histocompatibility; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lymph; Lymphocytes; Rabbits; Skin; Skin Transplantation; Transplantation Immunology; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Amino Acids; Animals; Burns; Cats; Cycloheximide; Dactinomycin; DNA; Freezing; Glucuronidase; Glycogen; Hindlimb; Isoenzymes; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lymph; Lysosomes; Muscles; Protein Biosynthesis; Skin; Transaminases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Autopsy; Burns; DNA; Esterases; Forensic Medicine; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; RNA; Skin; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adrenal Glands; Alkaline Phosphatase; Burns; Cholesterol; Glycoproteins; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Methods; Pituitary Gland; Prednisolone; RNA; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Burns; Child; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyperplasia; Hypothalamus; Methods; Neurosecretion; Pituitary Gland; Shock, Traumatic; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Cats; Creatine Kinase; Glucuronidase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Muscles; Skin

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Animals; Burns; Esterases; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glucosidases; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Kidney; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; Oxidoreductases; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Burns; Freezing; Glucuronidase; Hindlimb; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lymph; Lymphatic System; Proteins; Rabbits; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Burns; Glucuronidase; Humans; Leukocytes; Lysosomes; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Spectrophotometry

1. Lymph was collected directly from the hind limb of cats anaesthetized with pentobarbitone before and for several hours after the limb was injured.2. After the limb was subjected to very mild injury such as hot water at 50 degrees C or ischaemia for 1 hr there was no increase in protein or enzyme concentrations in the lymph, although after the ischaemia there was an increase in lymph flow.3. After burning the limb at 60 degrees C there was a significant increase in the concentrations of the cytoplasmic enzymes glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase, as a result of an increased permeability of the cell membrane.4. When the limb was burned at 80 degrees C there was a marked increase not only in the cytoplasmic enzymes but also in the mitochondrial enzyme glutamic pyruvic transaminase. Thus with the stronger burn the permeability of the intracellular mitochondrial membrane was also increased.5. Not until the most severe injury of all, i.e. freezing the limb solid, was there an increase in the concentration of lysosomal enzymes in the lymph.6. It is concluded that estimation of intracellular enzymes in the lymph draining an injured tissue affords a method of assessing the extent of cellular injury.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Burns; Cats; Cell Membrane Permeability; Freezing; Glucuronidase; Ischemia; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lymph; Potassium; Proteins; Transaminases; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Burns; Cholesterol; Emaciation; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Middle Aged; Shock, Traumatic; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Time Factors; Toxemia

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Biomedical Research; Biopsy; Burns; Capillaries; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lysosomes; Metabolism; NAD; Necrosis; Nucleotidases; Skin; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Burns; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Glucosidases; Histocytochemistry; Kidney; Rats; Research; Shock, Traumatic