acid-phosphatase and Arthritis--Reactive

After a single intraperitoneal injection of cell wall fragments of Eubacterium aerofaciens, a main resident from the human intestinal flora, an acute arthritis develops within 2 days which is followed by a chronic arthritis that lasts at least 90 days. In an earlier report the histological appearance of the joint inflammation during this period has been described. In this study we investigated in more detail the cell types that are involved in the development of arthritis by using cell-type-specific monoclonal antibodies in an immunohistological assay. In the acute phase of arthritis, T-helper cells appeared in the synovial tissue together with ED1-positive (ED1+) and ED3-positive (ED3+) macrophages. After a temporary decline at day 12 all macrophage subsets, as well as T-helper cells, reappeared or increased again at day 33. Later, in the chronic phase (days 47-90), an increased number of ED1-positive (ED1+) cells in the synovial tissue and a decreased number of ED2-positive (ED2+) cells in the synovial lining was the most prominent finding when compared with control rats. These results indicate that, apart from T lymphocytes, macrophages also play an important role in the development and continuation of chronic arthritis in this model.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Formation; Arthritis, Reactive; Cell Wall; Disease Models, Animal; Eubacterium; Female; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Synovial Membrane

This paper describes a morphologic, quantitative, cytochemical study of mononuclear non lymphoid cells in knee synovial fluid in osteoarthritis and various arthritides. Morphologic criteria allow to identify among these cells various synoviocytic and monocytic subtypes with in both types, phagocytic subtypes. Quantitative study shows in arthritides an important afflux of monocytes and a hyperexfoliation of synoviocytes. In fluids with intermediate cellularity, Monocytes/Synoviocytes ratio allows the differential cytodiagnosis between osteoarthrosis and arthritis. All monocytic subtypes and especially the phagocytic one are highly significantly increased in arthritides. Synoviocytic subtypes show a lower increase, except the phagocytic one, which is not changed. Giant multinuclear synoviocytes are found in every type of disease and cannot constitute a cytodiagnosis marker. Alcian Blue and hyaluronidase treatment show hyaluronate in a few percentage of Synoviocytes. Cytoenzymologic study shows that synoviocytes and monocytes are positive in all tested hydrolases: beta Glucuronidase, Acid Phosphatase, alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase, these activities being always higher in synoviocytes. With peroxidase, synoviocytes are always negative, so this reaction although it marks only a minority of monocytic population can be used as an extra cytologic criterion for discrimination of mononuclear cells in synovial fluid. In these four enzymes there is no significant quantitative difference at cellular level between osteoarthrosis and arthritides. Lysosomal enzymatic activity in both monocytic and synoviocytic cells confirms their heterophagic properties. However synoviocytic heterophagy seems to be a physiological process not or few affected by inflammatory events. On the opposite, monocytic heterophagy and then macrophagic transformation of monocytes appears as a major aspect of intrasynovial inflammatory reaction. If a large majority of exfoliated synoviocytes comes from A type synovial lining cells and if they belong to Mononuclear Phagocyte System, why do they so weakly, or not, participate as phagocytes to inflammatory reaction.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Arthritis, Reactive; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chondrocalcinosis; Glucuronidase; Gout; Humans; Joint Diseases; Knee Joint; Naphthol AS D Esterase; Peroxidases; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Synovial Fluid

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Arthritis, Reactive; Behcet Syndrome; Buffers; Chondrocalcinosis; Gout; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydrarthrosis; Joint Diseases; Methods; Synovial Fluid; Ultracentrifugation

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Arthritis, Infectious; Arthritis, Reactive; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Complement Fixation Tests; Complement System Proteins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glucuronidase; Gout; Hemolysis; Humans; Proteins; Synovial Fluid

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Arthritis; Arthritis, Reactive; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Bradykinin; Female; Glucuronidase; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinins; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Osteoarthritis; Synovial Fluid; Uterus