acid-phosphatase and Agranulocytosis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Agranulocytosis; Alkaline Phosphatase; Glucuronidase; Humans; Lithium; Lithium Carbonate; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Peroxidase; Phagocytosis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Agranulocytosis; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Chediak-Higashi Syndrome; Chemotaxis; Child, Preschool; Complement System Proteins; Cytoplasmic Granules; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency; Humans; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Leukocytes; Liver; Lysosomes; Macrophages; Male; Monocytes; Mononuclear Phagocyte System; Muramidase; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Neutrophils; Opsonin Proteins; Peroxidases; Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction; Phagocytosis; Spleen

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Agranulocytosis; Cell Division; Female; Glucuronidase; Humans; Middle Aged; Neutropenia; Receptors, Fc; Rosette Formation; T-Lymphocytes

The occurrence of natural substances with antigenic properties similar to those of the prostatic acid phosphatase was examined in one patient with neutrophilic leukemia and increased activity of serum acid phosphatase. The fraction responsible for the increased serum enzyme activity was tartrate sensitive and was identified as isoenzyme 2 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This isoenzyme originated from the leukocytes but had similar electromobility to that of the prostatic acid phosphatase isoenzyme 2. Immunohistochemical and counterimmunoelectrophoretic studies indicated that this leukocytic isoenzyme was present in the neutrophils and shared antigenic properties with the prostatic isoenzyme 2. Leukocytes from one patient with acute granulocytic leukemia, two patients with polycythemia vera with neutrophilia, and five normal subjects also contained this prostatic acid phosphatase like isoenzyme. Elevated serum "prostatic" acid phosphatase activity, therefore, may be found not only in prostatic cancer but also in granulocytic leukemia and perhaps other diseases.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Agranulocytosis; Counterimmunoelectrophoresis; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Polycythemia Vera; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms

On account of 2 own observations, main clinical and diagnostic features of Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) will be discussed. HCL is a rare, unusual type of chronic leukemia and is predominantly particular of middle-aged men. The occurrence of middle-sized lymphoid cells having a hairy cytoplasmic edge, and a tartrate-resistant acid PHOsphatase isoenzyme are the characteristic criteria of the HCL. The diffuse infiltration by hairy cells affecting primarily the spleen and bone marrow results in anaemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly. Differential diagnosis have to be made in relation to other lymphatic leukemias, leukemic malignant lymphomas and monoclonal gammopathies as well as lymphotropic viral infections. Immunologic behaviour of hairy cells is like that of B-lymphocytes. Therefore, the term "leukemic reticuloendotheliosis" should no longer be applied.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Age Factors; Agranulocytosis; Anemia; B-Lymphocytes; Bone Marrow; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Lymphatic Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Sex Factors; Spleen; Splenomegaly; Thrombocytopenia

A child with congenital neutropenia was studied using bone marrow culture and ultrastructural and cytochemical techniques. The patient's marrow cells formed a large number of granulocytic colonies of normal size in culture, and her peripheral blood leukocytes produced adequate colony-stimulating factor. No serum inhibitors were identified. The patient's promyelocytes from direct marrow and culture appeared normal in ultrastructure, and primary granules, contained peroxidase and acid phosphatase activity. Myelocytes and rare segmented neutrophils from direct marrow specimens demonstrated atypical notched nuclei, myelin figures in Golgi lamellae and primary (azurophilic) granules, and no identifiable secondary (specific) granules. These data indicate an intrinsic neutrophil defect which allows normal proliferation of precursor cells, but results in abnormal granulogenesis and apparent inability to form secondary granules.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Agranulocytosis; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Cell Nucleus; Cells, Cultured; Child; Cytoplasmic Granules; Female; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Microscopy, Electron; Neutropenia; Peroxidases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Agranulocytosis; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bacterial Infections; Chediak-Higashi Syndrome; Chemotaxis; Female; Glucuronidase; Humans; Leukocytes; Lysosomes; Male; Muramidase; Peroxidases; Skin Window Technique; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections