acid-phosphatase and Acute-Disease

This report summarises the current knowledge regarding the clinical utility of biochemical enzyme markers for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in acute leukaemia. The enzymes studied most extensively in this field are terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, adenosine deaminase, 5'-nucleotidase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and acid phosphatase, esterase, hexosaminidase isoenzymes. For each enzyme, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics in various immunologically defined subclasses of acute leukaemia are described. The quantitative evaluation of enzyme activities represents an adjunctive classification technique which should be incorporated into the multivariate analysis, the "multiple marker analysis." By qualitative characterisation pronounced heterogeneity of leukaemia subsets is uncovered. The application of 2'-deoxycoformycin, a specific inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, and the potential usefulness of two other enzymes as targets for treatment with selective agents is discussed. The concept that gene products expressed at certain developmental stages of normal cells can similarly be detected in leukaemic cells (which therefore seem to be "frozen" or "arrested" at this particular maturation/differentiation stage) is supported by the results obtained in enzyme studies. Besides their practical clinical importance for classification and treatment of acute leukaemias, biochemical enzyme markers constitute a valuable research tool to disclose biological properties of leukaemic cells.

Topics: 5'-Nucleotidase; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Deaminase; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esterases; Hexosaminidases; Humans; Leukemia; Leukocytes; Nucleotidases; Phenotype; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase

Besides the recent advances in immunology that provided important information for the characterization of leukemia cells, enzyme marker analysis is another area of progress in leukemia research. Assays of enzyme activities, both quantitative enzyme levels and qualitative isozyme changes, are of value in the classification of leukemias. The interest in the study of enzyme markers is due not only to technical improvements and new biochemical possibilities, but also to the involvement of enzyme marker analysis in the so-called "multiple marker analysis," which combines traditional and recently developed techniques in leukemia research. The aims of this review are to describe well-known and potential enzyme markers as well as to stress the relevance of enzyme marker analysis combined with multiple marker analysis for leukemia subclassification and the understanding of normal hematopoietic cell differentiation.

Topics: 5'-Nucleotidase; Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Deaminase; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Leukemia; Leukocytes; Nucleotidases; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Blood Coagulation Factors; Cathepsins; Chronic Disease; Cryoglobulins; Factor IX; Factor VIII; Freeze Drying; Hemarthrosis; Hemophilia A; Home Nursing; Humans; Joint Diseases; Male; Muscles; Radiography; Synovial Fluid; Synovial Membrane

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Age Factors; Diagnosis, Differential; Esterases; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Methods

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Cytoplasmic Granules; Diagnosis, Differential; Eosinophils; Erythrocytes; Esterases; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Iron; Leukemia; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Monocytes; Multiple Myeloma; Naphthaleneacetic Acids; Neutrophils; Peroxidases; Plasma Cells; Skin Window Technique; Staining and Labeling

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major killer worldwide. Atherosclerosis, which is the basis of CHD, is believed to be an inflammatory disorder. Though various aspects of atherosclerosis are extensively studied, leukocytic hydrolytic enzymes are not studied very well with respect to CHD.. This study was planned to assess changes associated with leukocytic hydrolases in CHD patients.. A tertiary care hospital; case-control study.. 106 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 60 patients with unstable angina and 45 healthy controls were included in the study. Acid phosphatase, lysozyme, adenosine deaminase (ADA) and cathepsin-G levels were estimated from leukocytes. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured.. Statistical comparison of data was done using student's t-test (unpaired). Correlation difference was calculated by using Pearson correlation coefficient.. Significantly higher levels of acid phosphatase, lysozyme, ADA with lower levels of cathepsin G in leukocytes were observed in CHD group. We also found significantly higher levels of serum MDA with lower concentrations of blood GSH in CHD group. In diabetic CHD group, significantly higher levels of leukocytic acid phosphatase, lysozyme, ADA and serum MDA with lower levels of cathepsin G and blood GSH were observed.. Our study indicates that leukocyte hydrolytic enzymes, mainly acid phosphatase, lysozyme and ADA were more active in CHD patients and may contribute to inflammation related with CHD. Its also indicates that leukocyte cathepsin-G may have antiinflammatory role.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Angina, Unstable; Cathepsin G; Cathepsins; Coronary Disease; Female; Humans; Leukocytes; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Myocardial Infarction; Serine Endopeptidases

To study changes in some components of stress-realizing system (SRS) and stress-limiting system (SLS) characterizing compensatory mechanisms in acute disturbance of cerebral circulation (ADCC).. The activities of SRS and SLS were assessed in 94 patients by changes in the concentrations of glutamate, aspartate, acid phosphatase for SRS and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) for SLS, respectively.. After analysis of clinicobiochemical correlations the following clinical phases were singled out: subcompensation, moderate decompensation, severe decompensation and terminal. The phase conversion depended on quantitative changes of SRS and SLS activity. This enabled characterization of severity in certain time periods. Imbalance was revealed between SRS and SLS because of hyperactivation or hypoactivation of one of the above systems.. Imbalance between SRS and SLS converts stress-syndrome from nonspecific link of adaptation into a nonspecific link of the disease pathogenesis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adaptation, Physiological; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Norepinephrine; Oxidative Stress; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke; Succinate Dehydrogenase

The determination of the level of leukocytes and ESR in 25 patients was shown to be of low informative value in differential diagnostics of destructive injuries of feet in patients with diabetes mellitus. An analysis of the biochemical markers of the bone remodeling has demonstrated high informative value of this method in differential diagnostics of acute stage of diabetic osteoarthropathy and osteomyelitis that allows to use it in complex examinations of osteomyelitis suspects.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Diabetes Complications; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Isoenzymes; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic; Osteomyelitis; Radiography; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase

It was studying the effect of fluorinecontain pinacidil analogs (PF-5 and PF-10), which are the K(+)-channel openers, on morphofunctional lysosomes state at lung and heart tissues. The investigation was made on white pubertal rat-males under acute (30 min) hypoxic hypoxia (7% O2 [symbol: see text] N2). The application of PF-5 and PF-10 under acute hypoxic hypoxia leads in lung and myocardium tissues to morphofunctional changes of lysosome system in investigated cells, which were connected with decreasing of enzyemia. It, partly, may be explain by increasing of connected enzyme forms synthesis, because such forms are the functional latent, so the output of enzymes in blood under unfavourable conditions increased.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Cathepsin D; Disease Models, Animal; Heart; Hypoxia; Lung; Lysosomes; Male; Myocardium; Pinacidil; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar

The aim of the experiment was to establish and quantify the changes in the activity of acid phosphatase in the pancreas, liver, spleen and kidneys during the course of experimental pancreatitis. The experiment was carried out on 65 male rats of Wistar strain, whose weight varied from 250 to 350 g. The animals were standard fed. They drank only water 24 hours before operation. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: A--intact animals group which were not operated and were used to mark initial biochemical parameters (15 rats), B--the experimental group of animals which were injected by retrograde way with sodium taurocholate into the common bile-pancreatic duct to induce acute necrotic pancreatitis (50 rats). After laparotomy an injection needle was inserted into the common bile-pancreatic duct via the proximal part of the duodenum (Aho's method). After 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 hours rats were anaesthetised again, and thoracotomy was performed by taking blood for amylase determination from the left ventricle of the heart. Then the animals were given an overdose of ketamine, and the organs were removed during laparotomy and frozen at the temp. of -20 degrees C. Alpha-amylase activity in the blood serum was determined by the enzymatic method. Acid phosphatase activity was assayed by spectrophotometric methods using a substrate which releases 4-methyloumbeliferol reacting with the enzyme. The authors concluded that the activity of membranous fraction of acid phosphatase changed non-specifically over the course of experimentally induced acute pancreatitis in rats, but statistically significant difference was found in the enzyme's activity during different periods of pancreatitis only in the pancreas and in the liver.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Biomarkers; Kidney; Liver; Male; Pancreas; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spleen

We investigated the relationship between DNA degradation and lysosome activity (loss of lysosomal integrity) in necrotic cell death induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and dimethylnitrosamine (DMN): coagulation necrosis and hemorrhagic necrosis, respectively. TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) and enzyme histochemistry for acid phosphatase were performed in both models and results were analyzed by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). In the CCl(4)-injected liver, TUNEL staining was closely associated with release of lysosomal enzymes into the cytoplasm, and intranuclear deposition of lysosomal enzymes took place at an early stage of subcellular damage. In the DMN-injected liver, TUNEL-positive nuclei tended to have well-preserved lysosomes and centrally localized TUNEL signals. It was assumed that acute hepatocellular damage in the CCl4-injected liver would be characterized by necrotic cell death with lysosome activation and that damage in the DMN-injected liver would be necrotic cell death without lysosome activation. In the DMN-injected liver, DNA degradation may be selectively induced in the nuclear center, in which heterochromatin (including inactive chromatin) is believed to be a target. We concluded that necrotic cell death, i.e., DNA degradation, would be at least divided into two types, with/without association with lysosome activation, represented by necrotic cell death in the CCl4-injected liver and that in the DMN-injected liver.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Dimethylnitrosamine; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Lysosomes; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; Microscopy, Electron; Necrosis; Rats; Rats, Wistar

We studied the activity of lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase and cathepsine D) and the status of lysosomal membranes of the liver, lung, heart and brain tissues of the male adult rats under acute hypoxia. We found that disturbances of lysosomal membranes permeability in these organs depend on the tissues hypoxia development, not yet on the genesis of hypoxic state. The lysosomal enzymes activation depends on the heaviness of the hypoxic influence.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Brain; Cathepsin D; Disease Models, Animal; Heart; Hypoxia; Intracellular Membranes; Liver; Lung; Lysosomes; Male; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Wistar

We report three cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a near-tetraploid karyotype in most metaphases while lacking chromosomal abnormalities typical for AML. All patients, 63, 72 and 81 years old, were female. In two cases, AML was diagnosed 5-7 months after a cytopenic period while the third patient had a secondary AML after therapy for a pleural tumor. Leukemic blasts were classified as AML M0, AML M1 and AML without further specification. Two patients died on the 18th and 52nd day after the start of cytotoxic chemotherapy, the third patient refused chemotherapy and died 22 days after the diagnosis. The three patients may represent a distinct AML category with the following features: (1) the near-tetraploid karyotype in most bone marrow metaphases examined at diagnosis of AML; (2) the presence of very large myeloid blasts in the bone marrow and dysplastic changes in erythroid and/or megakaryocytic lineages pointing to the origin of AML in pluripotent myeloid progenitor cells; (3) the expression of the CD34 antigen; (4) the low growth of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells in culture; and (5) the presence of a preleukemic phase, a higher age and a poor prognosis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bone Marrow Cells; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Cell Division; Colony-Forming Units Assay; Erythrocytes; Female; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Karyotyping; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukocytes; Male; Metaphase; Middle Aged; Naphthol AS D Esterase; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Peroxidase; Polyploidy

Inflammation is a common finding in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and may be classified as acute, chronic active or chronic inactive prostatitis. The aim of the present study was to localise the different types of inflammatory cells in prostatic lesions to determine the sequence of events in the cellular reaction. We have carried out immunohistological characterisation of the inflammatory cells, using CD45RO and CD3 antibodies to detect T-lymphocytes, CD20 antibodies to detect B-lymphocytes, CD68 to detect macrophages, kappa and lambda immunoglobulin light chains, and antibodies against prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate specific acid phosphatase (PSAP). Macrophages accumulated in the lumen and glandular epithelial layers of damaged prostatic glands and were found in the periglandular cuff of inflammatory cells in acute and chronic active prostatitis. Lymphocytes also accumulated in large numbers in the glandular epithelial layers and around the glands, indicating an association with macrophages. B-lymphocytes were scanty, if at all present, in acute and chronic active prostatitis, but were prominent within well-organised follicle centres in chronic active prostatitis. Cells positive for light chains were few and scattered in prostatic tissue. PSA and PSAP activity was lost in recently damaged prostatic glandular epithelium and reappeared only in regenerating secretory epithelium, indicating leakage as a result of damage. We suggest that the initial response to prostatic injury is cellular, and probably related to leakage into the periglandular tissues of PSA, PSAP and other antigenic molecules normally present in prostatic secretion. Macrophages respond, followed by recruitment of T-lymphocytes which participate in the inflammatory response and accumulate around the damaged glands. B-cell activity appears to be a late event.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Antigens, CD; B-Lymphocytes; Chronic Disease; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunoglobulin Isotypes; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains; Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains; Macrophages; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatitis; T-Lymphocytes

Activation of digestive zymogens by lysosomal enzymes has been suggested as a triggering event in acute pancreatitis (AP). chloroquine (CQ), a weak base that accumulates in the lysosomes and increases their pH, can inhibit the activity of lysosomal enzymes. In the present study, we examined the effect of CQ on choline-deficient, ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet-induced AP. CQ-diphosphate (15-50 mg.kg-1) or vehicle was given intraperitoneally at 0, 24, and 48 h to female CD1 mice that were fed with either normal diet or CDE diet. For mortality studies, animals were observed for 168 h. Serum and pancreas samples were collected from animals sacrificed 56 h after the start of the CDE diet. Treatment with CQ at 50 mg.kg-1 significantly (p < 0.05) improved the survival of mice with CDE diet-induced AP. In the normal pancreas, CQ decreased the specific activity of lysosomal enzymes cathepsin B1, beta-hexosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and acid phosphatase. In the pancreas with AP, CQ did not modify the activity of cathepsin B1, whereas it increased the latency of all enzymes. In conclusion, our results confirm the beneficial effect of CQ on survival of mice with CDE diet-induced AP and suggest that this effect of CQ may be due to its stabilizing action on lysosomes.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Amylases; Animals; beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases; Cathepsin B; Chloroquine; Diet; Female; Glucuronidase; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lipase; Lysosomes; Mice; Organ Size; Pancreas; Pancreatitis

The aim of the present study was to analyze the activity and subcellular distribution of the lisosomal enzymes and the stability of the lisosomes in acute pancreatitis induced by CDE diet in mice. The activity and the latency of the catepsin-B1 enzymes, acid phosphatase, beta-hexosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase in normal pancreas and in pancreatitis induced by CDE diet were determined. The distribution of the acid phosphatase lisosomal marker was determined in subcellular fractions obtained by differential centrifugation. The activity of the catepsin-B1 enzyme increased 47% in the pancreas of mice with pancreatitis induced by CDE diet. The acid phosphatase activity was not modified and the beta-hexosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase was decreased. The specific activity of the acid phosphatase lisosomal marker also increased in the subcellular fraction containing the zimogene granules and decreased the latency (parameter indicative of lisosome stability) of all the lisosomal enzymes analyzed in the pancreatic homogenate. These results suggest that the lisosomal enzymes, specially the catepsin-B1, and the decrease in the stability of the lisosomes may play a role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Amylases; Animals; beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Cathepsins; Centrifugation; Choline Deficiency; Diet; Ethionine; Female; Glucuronidase; Lipase; Lysosomes; Mice; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Subcellular Fractions

An acute leukemia of natural killer cell origin with myeloid antigen expression has not previously been described in the literature. Although lymphoproliferative disorders of large granular lymphocytes may be of natural killer cell origin and may have an aggressive clinical course, the morphology in the blood and bone marrow is that of large granular lymphocytes. An acute leukemia with blastic morphology is described, which was of natural killer cell origin by flow cytometric immunophenotyping (CD45+, CD2+, CD3, CD7+, CD5+, CD4, CD8, CD56+, CD57, CD16, CD13+, CD33+, CD34+, C-Kit+, HLA-DR, TdT) and histochemical staining. This was supported by the lack of T-cell gene rearrangement. The patient had an aggressive clinical course despite therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The authors recommend routine flow cytometric immunophenotyping of acute leukemia to identify other similar cases to better clinically define this entity.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aged; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Cytogenetics; Flow Cytometry; Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Killer Cells, Natural; Leukemia; Male

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of early total parenteral nutrition on acute sodium-taurocholate-induced pancreatitis in rats. Total parenteral nutrition did not change the survival rate, serum amylase, calcium or liver transaminase level on the degree of pancreatic damage, but reduced serum acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase levels. Hyperglycemia occurred during the use of total parenteral nutrition. Total parenteral nutrition is not harmful in the course of acute experimental pancreatitis, and could be used with few side effects.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Amylases; Animals; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Hyperglycemia; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver; Male; Pancreatitis; Parenteral Nutrition, Total; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Transaminases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Biomarkers; Bone Marrow; Chronic Disease; Humans; Middle Aged; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic

As far as the pathogenesis of poisonings with organophosphorus pesticides is concerned, in addition to irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AGE) in tissues, of importance are changes in the other systems which essentially determine the outcome of intoxication. The purpose of the present study was to examine the nature of changes occurring in total protein and protein fractions, free amino acids (aspartic and glutamic acids, glycine, isoleucine, leucine) and in certain enzymes (AST, ALT, CP, GGTP, GDH) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with acute Malathion insecticide poisoning. 137 patients aged 20 to 50 years were placed under observation. There were 77 men and 60 women. 40 persons had poisoning of medium gravity and 97 were severely poisoned. The intake of the CSF was performed on days 1, 3, 10, 14 and 21 since the disease onset. It has been established that in acute Malathion insecticide poisoning, the CSF content of the stimulating mediator amino acids, aspartic and glutamic, rises within the early periods, whereas the concentration of the inhibitory mediator glycine decreases. The changes in protein fractions of the CSF are characterized by a fall of the content of globulins and a rise of albumins, thus attesting to the predominance of pathological processes in the brain, especially in the initial period of intoxication, and to the impairment of the blood-brain barrier. The development of intoxication is associated with activation in the CSF of LDN, CP, GGTP and GDH as well as by activation of LDH isozymes which is viewed as the result of the membranotoxic effect of a Malathion insecticide.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Amino Acids; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Enzyme Activation; Female; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Isoenzymes; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malathion; Male; Middle Aged

We herein describe an unusual case of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) showing strong cytochemical reactivity for myeloperoxidase (MPO) but surprisingly no reactivity using flow cytometry for any of the lineage-specific cell surface markers, i.e. myelomonocytic antigens CD13, CD14 and CD33; or B-lymphoid antigens CD19, CD20 and immunoglobulins; or T-lymphoid antigens CD2, CD3 and CD5. The strong reactivity for MPO and the complete absence of reactivity for CD13 and CD14 was verified by an independent assay involving alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP). Our case is of interest for at least two reasons: First, a poorly differentiated variant of AML (negative for MPO but positive for one or more of the myeloid-lineage CD antigens) has been designated FAB M0. In terms of the expression of phenotypic markers, our case may be considered as an 'MPO (+), CD antigen (-) AML'. The CD antigens are known to be expressed very early during myeloid differentiation whereas MPO (in its functional form) is viewed as being expressed relatively late in the process. It is therefore intriguing from a biological standpoint why the supposedly early antigens (CD33 and CD13) remain unexpressed; this may represent an example of 'asynchronous differentiation' in leukaemia. Second, from a practical standpoint, the use of immunophenotyping as a first-line diagnosis would fail to detect such cases. This case strengthens the notion that immunophenotyping by flow cytometry does not eliminate the necessity of performing peroxidase cytochemical staining.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; CD13 Antigens; Cytarabine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Immunophenotyping; Leukemia, Myeloid; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; Mitoxantrone; Peroxidase; Phenotype; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3

Infections of the prostate may occur despite the numerous host defences of the male urogenital tract. It is important to distinguish patients with genuine inflammation of the gland from the larger number of men with symptoms but no signs of an inflammatory response (prostatodynia). To define prostatitis, the degree of the inflammatory reaction must first be determined. Increased numbers of leucocytes in expressed prostatic secrections (EPS) are essential for this diagnosis. Careful lower urinary tract studies may then be used to classify the patients into two major groups of bacterial and nonbacterial prostatitis. Chronic bacterial prostatitis is primarily due to Escherichia coli. Gram-positive prostatitis is debatable. In chronic bacterial prostatitis, secretory dysfunction is common. The increased alkalinity of the pH of expressed prostatic secretions is one of the reasons for poor results of antibiotic therapy. Uncommon microorganisms, such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum may be involved in some cases of the "nonbacterial" form. Routine culture for these microorganisms is not recommended.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Biopsy; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Granulocytes; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunoglobulins; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukocyte Count; Male; Prostate; Prostatitis; Specific Gravity

The right medial cerebral artery of 25 primates (Macaca radiata) was occluded transorbitally with an atraumatic clip. The time courses of infarct volume and capillary morphometric changes in the ischemic lenticular nucleus, caudate nucleus and insular cortex were then determined. Volume changes of ischemic foci were studied morphometrically using an enzyme histotopochemical acid phosphatase stain. During the first 4 hours extension (or spread) of the ischemic area was small and constant. Over the next hours, the ischemic focus increased in volume, becoming maximal in the lenticular nucleus in 24 hours and in the caudate nucleus in 48 hours. In the lenticular nucleus, edema developed 4 hours after onset of ischemia and was characterized by a decrease in capillary diameter and an increase in mean intercapillary distance. In the caudate nucleus and insular cortex, in the first hours after clipping the medial cerebral artery, capillary diameter and volume increased and intercapillary distance decreased. The data demonstrate that the therapeutic window of brain infarct treatment is during the first 4-6 hours after occlusion of the medial cerebral artery.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Brain; Capillaries; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebral Infarction; Histocytochemistry; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Macaca radiata

To assess functional activity of leukocytes, lipid peroxidation and enzymes indicating the severity of organ lesion in food poisoning and acute dysentery, the investigators employed the techniques of luminol- and biacridine-activated chemiluminescence of pure granulocyte population and whole blood, plasma chemiluminescence, assays of AAT, AsAT, AP, LDG. A relationship was established between chemiluminescence of leukocytes and whole blood, between leukocytic functional activity and the disease duration and severity. Indomethacin treatment of the patients reduced intoxication, did not affect leukocytic function, diminished plasma chemiluminescence. Functional activity of leukocytes and the enzymes levels were prognostically significant. Low response of leukocytes to the stimulus, i.e. a small rise of functional activity, served an unfavourable prognostic sign. A role of active oxygen forms produced by leukocytes is suggested in pathogenesis of alimentary toxo-infection.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Dysentery; Foodborne Diseases; Humans; Indomethacin; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukocytes; Lipid Peroxidation; Luminescent Measurements; Middle Aged

The fine structural changes and the reactivity for acid phosphatase (AcPase) and thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) were studied in thin sections from rat pancreatic acinar cells exposed to dl-ethionine for 2-10 days. The cells from ad libitum and pair-fed controls exhibit occasionally 0.2-0.6 microns circular profiles showing reaction for AcPase and considered as presumptive lysosomes. At days 2 and 4 of dl-ethionine treatment the acinar cells exhibit presumptive lysosomes, autophagosomes and membrane-bounded cytoplasmic areas devoid of electron density and AcPase activity, containing scattered membranous elements. These regions were named lesioned areas. On 6th, 8th and 10th days a membrane bound anomalous cytoplasmic structure that represents a dense pile of layered membrane-like material (multilayered bodies, MB) was seen. The MBs consistently show AcPase activity and in rare instances TPPase activity. Freeze fracture studies reveal that the limiting membrane of the MBs has intramembranous particles whereas the multilayered membranous contents are devoid of such particles. The structure and disposition of the lamellae of the MBs seen in the replicas are similar to those of artificially prepared phospholipidic membranes.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Ethionine; Freeze Fracturing; Intracellular Membranes; Lysosomes; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Rats; Thiamine Pyrophosphatase; Vacuoles

This study was performed to assess the effects of misoprostol, a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analog, on cerulein-induced pancreatitis. Per group of 10 each, male Wistar rats received either cerulein (2.5 micrograms/kg/h subcutaneously), cerulein and misoprostol (500 micrograms/kg intraperitoneally at 0 and 4 h), or saline. Rats were killed 6 h after the first injection. Misoprostol treatment significantly reduced interstitial edema and acinar cell lesions induced by hyperstimulation. Pancreatic amylase and chymotrypsin contents were increased by cerulein and returned towards control levels in the misoprostol-treated group. The lysosomal volume density and the pancreatic beta-D-glucuronidase activity were significantly increased after hyperstimulation. The two parameters were significantly reduced by misoprostol. A protective effect of misoprostol against lesions induced by cerulein hyperstimulation would be a consequence of a lysosomal stabilizating effect.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alprostadil; Amylases; Animals; Ceruletide; Chymotrypsin; Edema; Glucuronidase; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Misoprostol; Organ Size; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatitis; Prostaglandins E, Synthetic; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Cathepsin B; Cathepsin C; Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases; Duodenal Ulcer; Humans; Leukocytes; Lysosomes; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Stomach Ulcer

The activities of leucine amino peptidase (LAP) and acid phosphatase (Acid-P), conceivable markers of acute appendicitis, were determined in the portal blood of rabbits with acute appendicitis. An experimental model of acute appendicitis was established using No.-O silk ties to block the base of the appendix. The clinical and histopathological picture of acute appendicitis was seen after 12 hr in all the rabbits in the model group (9/9) and in none of the control group. Catheterization of the superior mesenteric vein was performed in rabbits with acute appendicitis, and portal blood samples were taken at 0, 6, and 12 hr for assay of LAP and Acid-P activities. No statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group, in the activities of LAP and Acid-P, was found at any time interval. The experimental model of acute appendicitis in the rabbit which is described here is simple and carries a high rate of success. This is probably the first report of using continuous catheterization and repeated sampling of portal blood, for the measurement of enzyme activities, in an experimental model of acute appendicitis. It was concluded that serum LAP and Acid-P activities cannot be used as markers for acute appendicitis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Appendicitis; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Male; Portal Vein; Rabbits

In 110 patients with acute pancreatitis the authors studied the activity of intracellular enzymes in the blood (LDH, CPC, ALaT, ASaT, transamidinase) in a complex with indices characterizing the condition of the membrane cell systems, in particular: activity of acid phosphatase, content of 17-ketosteroids, activity of plasma chemiluminescence, concentration of beta-lipoproteins in blood. Complex study of these indices makes it possible to make a sufficiently objective judgement of the severity of the membrane disorders in acute pancreatitis and verity the form and control the treatment of the disease.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cell Membrane; Creatine Kinase; Enzyme Activation; Female; Humans; Isoenzymes; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatitis; Transaminases

In examination of 51 patient with acute gastrointestinal bleeding of ulcer etiology, the activity of lysosomal enzymes, peroxide oxidation of lipids were increased, the activity of antioxidant system was decreased. This can lead to inhibition of proliferative processes, stipulating the severity of blood loss, course of the postoperative period, the incidence of postoperative complications, and lethality.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Cathepsin D; Deoxyribonucleases; Duodenal Ulcer; Enzyme Activation; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Lysosomes; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Ribonucleases; Stomach Ulcer

An examination of 46 patients has shown that the enzymatic status of circulating leukocytes of blood is a highly informative criterium which allows to judge about the pyo-inflammatory process, its spread, degree, reactivity of the patient's organism, efficiency of the therapy performed, prognosis of the disease.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Alkaline Phosphatase; Child; Child, Preschool; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Leukocytes; Osteomyelitis; Peroxidases; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Humans; Leg; Liver

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Cathepsin D; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Leukemia; Leukocytes; Prognosis; Ribonucleases

The liver affection in acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP) could be reflected by changes of enzymatic activity in the liver and in serum. The histoenzymatic studies of the liver of dogs with AEP of different severity and time of duration induced according to Elliott's method were performed and the constellation of serum enzymatic activities considering treatment with prostacyclin was estimated. The histoenzymatic reactions on succinic dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were depressed with progression of time and severity of AEP. In contrast, the reaction on acid phosphatase was augmented at the same time. Serum AspAT, AlAT and alkaline phosphatase were augmented in the later phase of AEP, but acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase were not significantly changed. The treatment with PGI2 limited both histoenzymatic reactions and alterations of serum enzymatic activities. These results support the significance of changes in enzymatic activities in the course of liver reaction on pancreatogenic noxa during acute pancreatitis, and suggest the protective effect of PGI2 against liver injury in this disease.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Dogs; Epoprostenol; Female; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver; Male; Pancreatitis; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Butyrylcholinesterase; Humans; Male; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

A prospective study of serum prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) levels in benign prostatic disease is reported. In 12 patients with acute retention the initial PAP level when compared with the level twenty-four hours after catheterization showed a significant fall (p less than 0.02). The initial PAP level was raised above the upper limit of normal in 7 patients (in 3 markedly so, of whom 2 had subsequent histologic evidence of prostatic infarction). In 10 patients with chronic retention there was a significant rise in the PAP level twenty-four hours after catheterization, but in only 1 case did this exceed the normal range. We discuss the significance of a raised PAP level in patients with acute retention and suggest that it may indicate a group of patients in whom the etiology of acute retention is spontaneous prostatic infarction and subsequently may require different management.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aged; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Prospective Studies; Prostate; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Urination Disorders

The pulmonary complications are severe sequeles of acute pancreatitis. The pathogenesis of these complications is unsolved. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the status of lung lysosomes and phospholipase A activity in acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP) and the effect of heparin as a potentially protective agent. Taurocholate-induced AEP in rats lasting 24 and 48 hours was treated with heparin intraperitoneally (2 mg/kg every 8 hours). The total activity of cathepsins and B-glucuronidase in lysosomal enriched subfraction increased markedly during 48 hours of AEP in untreated animals, but the relative free activity was maximal after 24 hours. Free activity of cathepsins and acid phosphatase in supernatant was maximal after 24 hours. The phospholipase A activity was maximally elevated (more than twofold) after 48 hours. Heparin prevented the increase of activity of B-glucuronidase, depressed the relative free activity of all investigated lysosomal hydrolases and inhibited the phospholipase A activity in the lung homogenate. Our results indicate the significance of labilization of lung lysosomes and increment of phospholipase A activity in the lungs in the damage of this organ during AEP in the rats, and suggest the beneficial effect of heparin on these factors.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Amylases; Animals; Cathepsins; Glucuronidase; Heparin; Hydrolases; Lipase; Lung; Lung Diseases; Lysosomes; Male; Pancreatitis; Phospholipases; Phospholipases A; Rats

A parallel study of the activity of serum cholinesterase and excretion of cyclic guanosine monophosphate made it possible to distinguish 3 types of disorders of cholinergic regulation in exacerbation of bronchial asthma: cholinergic compensation, subcompensation and decompensation. The nature of correlations of the degree of disturbance of cholinergic regulation, intensity of allergic reaction and its type was established. The role and place of the choline blocking agents in multiple modality therapy of bronchial asthma were defined.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Asthma; Cholinesterases; Cyclic GMP; Female; Histamine; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Male; Middle Aged; Status Asthmaticus

Acid phosphatase (APh) activity has been experimentally studied on 69 dogs in the musculus soleus during ischemic and postischemic periods. Absence of an essential APh activation demonstrates a complete adaptation and stabilization of the intracellular mechanisms of homeostasis under an acute 3 hours' ischemia. Under a prolonged (6, 9, 12 h) ischemia APh activity in sarcoplasm of the muscle fibers increases considerably. This is, probably, one of the signs demonstrating structural-metabolic disadaptation and beginning of irreversible lesions. The data obtained make it possible to conclude that it is necessary to perform operative restoration of the blood stream in the extremities at early stages of ischemia.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Dogs; Hindlimb; Histocytochemistry; Ischemia; Microscopy, Electron; Muscles; Time Factors

A total of 114 patients with infections-allergic bronchial asthma were studied, being subdivided into two groups. The first group covers 53 patients without clinical, immunologic, X-ray, enzymatic and biochemical sings of active inflammation. The second group includes 61 patients with manifested bronchial-pulmonary inflammation. Immunoglobulins of classes IgA, IgM, and IgG, complement enzymatic activity of total acid phosphatase were studied as well as sorbitoldehydrogenase and "acute phase" proteins. The values of immunoglobulin classes IgA and IgG, coplement, enzymatic activity of total acid phosphatase and sorbitodechydrogenase and "acute phase" proteins were established to be with regularly increased values with high statistical significance. Those indices could serve the differentiation and making the diagnosis of acute and exacerbated pulmonary inflammation as well as for prescribing the adequate antiinflammatory treatment of the patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alpha-Globulins; Asthma; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Complement System Proteins; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulins; L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase; Male; Middle Aged; Sialic Acids

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase; Female; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Humans; Jaundice; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Lysosomes; Rats

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Female; Fetal Distress; Humans; Placenta; Pregnancy

The content of T and B lymphocytes, IgA, IgM and IgG as well as blood serum acid phosphatase (AP) activity were examined in 55 patients with purulent destructive complications of acute pneumonia. The patients were distributed into 2 groups depending on the disease gravity. The patients with a grave disease showed the depression of T and B immunity systems, marked deficiency of serum IgA, IgM and IgG. The percentage and absolute number of O cells was increased according to the disease gravity. In second group patients with a less graver disease, the reduction in the analogous immunity indicators was statistically insignificant. The disease ran the gravest course (with the development of pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications) in subjects with chronic alcoholism. The level of AP was the highest in disseminated destructive process and in diseases complicated by pleural empyema. During the convalescence, the AP activity descended, however it remained higher than normal in the presence of residual dry destructive cavities.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Antibody Formation; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunoglobulins; Lung Abscess; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Sputum

Majority of literature data support the significance of proteases activation in pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. The ability of cathepsins to the activation of trypsinogen was shown and the labilization of lysosomes of pancreas in different models of acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP) was reported. In present work the dynamic of lysosomal changes during the course of AEP in dogs is evaluated. AEP was induced in 17 mongrel dogs by Elliot's method. Six healthy dogs served as a control group (I). Pancreatitic dogs were killed after 6 hr (G. II, n = 5), after 12 hrs (G. III, n = 5), and after 24 hrs (G. IV, n = 6 survivors). The pancreata were removed and divided into segments A (less advanced changes, [B] most advanced changes) and C (intermediate changes). The lysosomal enriched subfraction was isolated from the C segments at 15 000 X g for 20 min. The total (T) and free (F) activity of beta-glucuronidase (beta-G), acid phosphatase (AP), acid cathepsins (Cs) was estimated and the value F/T (relative free activity-r.f.a.) was calculated as an index of lysosomal stability. The progressive increase of r.f.a. of hydrolases in whole homogenate and in lysosomal enriched subfraction depending on time of AEP was observed suggesting labilization of pancreatic lysosomes. This labilization was more expressed in corresponding parts of organ with more advanced pathological changes. The differences between part A and B were most evident after 6 hrs of AEP. The labilization of lysosomes is more pronounced after 12 and 24 hrs than after 6 hrs in analogical parts of organ. These results indicate that labilization of lysosomes in pancreas correspond to the degree of pathological changes of pancreatic tissue.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Cathepsins; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Female; Glucuronidase; Hydrolases; Lysosomes; Male; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Reference Values; Time Factors

The object of the study was rats myocardium. Tissue samples were examined 3, 6 and 12 hours after carbon tetrachloride treatment. The poison was administered by a gastric tube in single dose of 0.6 ml/100 g body weight. The examination carried out by the histochemical method revealed changes in the intensity of enzymatic reaction, whereas due to the Selye staining fuosynophylic fibres were found.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Heart; Histocytochemistry; Male; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Succinate Dehydrogenase

The morphologic changes in the liver were investigated along with those in the activity of the specific liver enzymes in the blood plasma of rats in the case of the severe form of acute radiation disease. The rats were treated with 670 Rad at the rate of 90 Rad/min. The studies were carried out on the 1st, 8th , 15th, 22nd, and 30th day following irradiation. It was found that under the conditions of the experiment the activity of the cytoplasmic enzymes sorbitoldehydrogenase , cholinesterase, and leucinaminopeptidase strongly rose on the 1st day after treatment (the activity of sorbitoldehydrogenase increased 11 times). The activity of acid phosphatase and glutamate dehydrogenase also increased strongly, whereupon there was deterioration of the mitochondrial and lysosomal structures. Seen were well expressed processes of fatty and parenchymal dystrophy. The studies on the changes in the activity of these enzymes can be used as an adjunct, resp., an auxiliary test to the haematologic indices in the evaluation of the severity of radiation disease.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Cholinesterases; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Gamma Rays; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Liver; Prognosis; Radiation Injuries, Experimental; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Alkaline Phosphatase; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Neutrophils; Peroxidase; Peroxidases; Respiration Disorders

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Osteomyelitis; Periostitis; Peroxidase; Phagocytosis

The effects of hormonal or cholinergic stimulation on survival and on activities of lysosomal enzymes and amylase in pancreatic tissue and ascites were studied in rats with induced pancreatitis. Pancreatitis per se caused an increase of the activities of cathepsin D, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and amylase, and a decrease of acid phosphatase in pancreatic tissue. Pancreatic protein concentration was not influenced. In pancreatitic rats administration of cerulein or carbachol markedly decreased survival rate. Cerulein increased the activities of cathepsin D and amylase in ascites and cathepsin D and acid phosphatase in pancreatic tissue. Carbachol increased the activities of cathepsin D and amylase in ascites and acid phosphatase in pancreatic tissue. Both cerulein and carbachol decreased the activity of amylase in pancreatic tissue. Administration of secretin or the anticholinergic drug Pro-Banthine did not influence survival rate or the activities of lysosomal enzymes and amylase in ascites. In pancreatic tissue the activity of acid phosphatase was slightly increased by secretin or Pro-Banthine. In conclusion, the results show a nonparallel alteration of lysosomal enzyme activities in pancreatic tissue in rats with pancreatitis. Cerulein and cholinergic stimulation decreased survival rate and brought about a marked increase of cathepsin D activity in ascites and, in the case of cerulein, also in pancreatic tissue. The implication of lysosomes and especially the catheptic proteases in the pathogenesis and outcome of acute pancreatitis deserves further attention.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Amylases; Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Carbachol; Cathepsin D; Cathepsins; Ceruletide; Hexosaminidases; Lysosomes; Male; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Propantheline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Secretin

Backscattered Electron Imaging (BEI) is a particular technique which permits to study cytochemical reactions with the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The BEI data pertaining to specific enzymatic activities can be directly correlated to the surface morphology of each individual cell. Leukocytes from 5 normal individuals, 14 patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukaemia (ANLL), 7 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and 3 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) were studied for myeloperoxidase activity, acid phosphatase localization, silver staining of the nuclei and phagocytosis of iron carbonyl in the BEI mode of SEM. Some normal peripheral blood leukocytes which cannot be distinguished by their surface morphology alone were satisfactorily identified with the BEI technique. Leukaemic myeloid cells can be recognized in many cases because of their positive myeloperoxidase reaction, while monocytic elements can be characterized by the presence of surface ruffles, acid phosphatase activity and active phagocytosis. The usefulness of the BEI technique in identifying different blood cell types with the SEM and its possible application to the diagnosis of certain cases of leukaemia are discussed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Bone Marrow; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukocytes; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Peroxidase; Phagocytosis; Reference Values

The status of acid phosphatase isoenzymes was evaluated in cells of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemias or lymphomas by analytical isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels (IEF) on horizontal thin-layer slabs. The isoenzyme patterns were correlated with routine immunological cell surface markers and the relationship of enzyme activity to specific immunological subclasses of ALL is discussed. By isoelectric focusing up to five isoenzyme groups (I-V) containing several isoenzyme were observed. No leukemia specific or additional isoenzyme could be demonstrated. This biochemical characterization showed a marked heterogeneity within two major immunologic subgroups indicating that various differentiation stages of cell maturation could be involved in cALL and T-ALL. According to their degree of maturation along T-cell differentiation axis the leukemic cells displayed no enzyme activity, weak isoenzyme bands or the incomplete or complete isoenzyme pattern seen with normal lymphocytes from human tonsils which were used as controls. The investigation of specific enzymatic patterns can lead to a further definition of subsets of acute leukemias and give insight into lymphopoietic differentiation.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Humans; Isoenzymes; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphoma; Palatine Tonsil

Differential diagnostic importance of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase reactions was studied in bone marrow smears of 52 patients with acute leukaemias. Both reactions showed either diffuse or simultaneously diffuse and granular positivity in the medullary blast cells of 34 patients suffering from ANLL. A strong diffuse positivity of acid phosphatase suggested the possibility of AMOL. Beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase reactions were exclusively granular in every positive case of ALL. Increased acid phosphatase activity was found in T-ALL while beta-glucuronidase showed increased activity also in (non-T, non-B)-ALL on several occasions.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Glucuronidase; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Middle Aged; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Blood Proteins; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Obstetric Labor Complications; Phosphorus; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Sialic Acids

Alterations in the localization and the intensity of acid phosphatase activity were studied electron microscopically in acute ischemic myocardial cells in the dog, in relation to processes of cellular degradation. In normal myocardial cells, the acid phosphatase activity was concentrated in the terminal cisternae, the longitudinal elements and the subsarcolemmal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the primary lysosomes. Activity was moderate in the secondary lysosomes, residual bodies and Golgi apparatus. As early as 15 min after coronary ligation the intensity of acid phosphatase activity increased in the enlarged lysosomes and the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the ischemic myocardial cells. Fine deposits of the reaction product were distributed in the sarcoplasm around lysosomes and the sarcoplasmic reticulum after 30 min, and the activity began to decrease in lysosomes and in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. One to 3 hours after ligation, intramitochondrial dense deposits appeared, and the reaction product decreased both in lysosomes and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The fine reaction product, which leaked from lysosomes and the sarcoplasmic reticulum, was scattered in the sarcoplasm and was accompanied by fine structural changes indicating cellular necrosis. From these findings it is strongly suggested that acid hydrolases in lysosomes and the sarcoplasmic reticulum are closely related to the necrotic process in ischemic myocardial cells.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Coronary Disease; Dogs; Histocytochemistry; Lysosomes; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardium; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Leukemia; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes; Male; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Prognosis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Age Factors; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Child, Preschool; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Esterases; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Pneumonia; Prognosis

Two girls, each less than 2 yr of age, developed acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (malignant myelosclerosis). Both presented with anemia, severe thrombocytopenia, and a low percentage of blasts in their peripheral blood. Their marrow showed marked reticulin fibrosis with an increase in blasts and immature megakaryocytes. The blasts stained negatively for myeloperoxidase and Sudan Black B, but showed acid phosphatase (ACP) and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity inhibitable by sodium fluoride. They were identified as megakaryoblasts by the platelet peroxidase reaction. Cytogenetic studies showed multiple chromosomal abnormalities in both cases. Chemotherapy with vincristine, prednisone, and L-asparaginase was without effect, while daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside induced a complete remission in one case. The second case responded to a combination of cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, and 6-thioguanine. This article documents that acute megakaryoblastic leukemia occurs in early childhood and describes its clinical, pathologic, and cytogenetic features. Previous reports of childhood "myelofibrosis" are reviewed, and their possible relationship with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia is discussed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Esterases; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Infant; Leukemia; Megakaryocytes; Microscopy, Electron; Primary Myelofibrosis

A rapid radioassay was used to characterise the adenosine diphosphatase (ADPase) activities in human plasma. There was a major peak at pH 9.3, 80% of whose activity was attributable to non-specific alkaline phosphatase, with the remaining 20% probably due to a specific ADPase. There was also a small peak of ADPase activity at pH 4.0. Inhibitor and chromatographic studies showed that whilst much of this activity was attributable to non-specific acid phosphatase, there was a discrete acid ADPase. Assays of plasma ADPase activities in vascular disorders, including myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus, reveal no alterations from control values. Activities of alkaline ADPase were elevated in both chronic and acute liver failure. Acid ADPase was also increased in chronic liver disease and it is suggested that alterations in ADPase activities in liver disorders may contribute to the haemostatic problems observed in these patients.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Apyrase; Chromatography, Gel; Chronic Disease; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Liver Diseases; Myocardial Infarction; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Vascular Diseases

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia or acute "malignant" myelosclerosis is an acute and rapidly progressive myeloproliferative syndrome characterized by minimal or absent splenomegaly, pancytopenia, diffuse marrow fibrosis, and circulating blasts of megakaryocytic origin. The disease must be differentiated from other hematologic malignancies especially myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia. The radiographic changes of osteosclerosis in our patient have not been previously reported in the literature.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Male; Middle Aged; Osteosclerosis; Primary Myelofibrosis; Radiography

The myocardium of 37 rabbits with a fulminant (Group 1) and acute (Group 2) course of experimental acute pulmonary heart of vascular genesis produced by intravenous administration of thrombin in subcutaneous administration of histamine was studied. The control consisted of 9 hearts of rabbits sacrificed by intravenous novocain injection. Combined methods were used to examine the myocardium, including special staining methods suitable for detection of early cardiomyocyte damage, polarization and electron microscopy, histoenzymological methods, and histostereometry. The volumetric density of focal alterations in comparison of the results between groups both for the heart as a whole and for both its parts was found to be statistically significantly higher than that in the controls. Similar results were obtained in the right to left ventricle ratio. No significant differences in the values compared were found in the controls. The volumetric density of focal lesions reached the maximum values in Group 2 by 24 hours in the right parts. The results indicate that the alterative form of cardiac insufficiency underlies sudden death in acute pulmonary heart of the vascular genesis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Microscopy, Electron; Myocardium; Pulmonary Embolism; Pulmonary Heart Disease; Rabbits; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Convalescence; Epithelium; Hepatitis A; Humans; Intestine, Small

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Cats; Electron Transport Complex IV; Esterases; Male; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Cats; Electron Transport Complex IV; Esterases; Exocrine Glands; Male; Pancreatitis; Pylorus; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Chromosome and cytologic studies were performed on three Down's syndrome (DS) patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). All three patients had an aneuploid clone in their leukemic cells: 50, XX, +6, +19, +21, +22, +8, XX, +21, and 47,XY, +8, - 21 +dic(21;21)(p13;p11). Every patient appeared to have acute undifferentiated leukemia when the blast cells were examined with Wright-Giemsa stain; cytochemistry studies, however, showed that the leukemic blasts were in an early stage of myeloid differentiation. The two patients with +8 had a preleukemic phase; the blast cells of the patient with an extra no. 19 and no.22 could not be differentiated morphologically from those of the two patients with an extra no. 8. Our findings and a review of data on 40 other patients suggest that most DS children with ANLL have hyperdiploidy, which is usually related to gains of C, F, and /or G chromosomes, and that the abnormalities of +8 and of +19, +22 in DS children may be associated with acute leukemia (AL) in an early stage of myeloid differentiation.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Child, Preschool; Chromosome Aberrations; Chromosome Disorders; Down Syndrome; Female; Humans; Infant; Karyotyping; Leukemia; Male; Naphthol AS D Esterase; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; Rosette Formation

The activities of the lysosomal enzymes acid and neutral protease, N-acetylglucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase were measured in the serum of patients with fulminant hepatic failure. Acid protease (cathepsin D) activity was increased about tenfold in patients who died and nearly fourfold in those who survived fulminant hepatic failure after paracetamol overdose, whereas activities were increased equally in patients with fulminant hepatic failure due to viral hepatitis whether or not they survived. A correlation was found between serum acid protease activity and prothrombin time, and the increase in cathepsin D activity was sustained over several days compared with aspartate aminotransferase, which showed a sharp early peak and then a fall. Circulating lysosomal proteases can damage other organs, and measurement of their activity may therefore be of added value in assessing prognosis in this condition.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Humans; Liver Diseases; Lysosomes; Necrosis; Peptide Hydrolases; Prothrombin Time

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Histocytochemistry; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lead Poisoning; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Liver Glycogen; Male; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Cats; Cytochromes; Electron Transport Complex IV; Histocytochemistry; Kidney; Male; Pancreatitis; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Succinates

Some morphochemical changes were observed in the thyroid glands of guinea pigs in acute anaphylactic shocks (AAS). The growth of intensity of reactions for the enzymes of active transport was found. The vacuolisation of the cytoplasm of thyreocytes (as well as colloid) and numerous lesions of follicles were found together with the increase of activity of lysosomal enzymes. The changes of activity of oxidoreductive enzymes in ASS also presented and discussed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Esterases; Guinea Pigs; Male; Oxidoreductases; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Antigens, Neoplasm; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; Esterases; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute; Phagocytosis; Scalp; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Enzyme Activation; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Leukocytes; Lysosomes; Monocytes; Respiratory Tract Diseases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Chronic Disease; Glycogen; Humans; Leukocytes; Lipids; Middle Aged; Peroxidases; Pneumonia

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Blood Cell Count; Blood Proteins; Blood Transfusion; Bone Marrow; Burns; Child; Child, Preschool; Critical Care; Enzyme Activation; Glycogen; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Infant; Middle Aged

In 12 dogs with acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP) and 6 control animals the "free", "latent" and "total" activity of acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and cathepsins in whole homogenates of the pancreas, in a lysosomal-enriched subfraction and the supernatant of pancreatic tissue was estimated. AEP was induced by injection of bile salts and thrombin solution into the pancreatic duct. In 6 dogs the protection with heparin (1.5 mg/kg/body weight) immediately after producing AEP was applied. In AEP without any protection the free activity of hydrolases in the whole homogenate (80--90%) and in the lysosomal enriched subfraction (75--90%) was higher than in the controls (60--70% and 55--75% respectively), suggesting an augmented lysosomal fragility during the course of AEP. Heparin depressed the free activity of hydrolases to 60--80% in whole homogenates, and 64--75% in the lysosomal enriched subfraction. The release of cathepsins during incubation of the lysosomal-enriched subfraction in acidic medium was lower in the group with heparin treatment. The data obtained suggest the stabilising effect of heparin on the lysosomes of the pancreas during acute experimental pancreatitis in dogs.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Dogs; Heparin; Hydrolases; Lysosomes; Pancreas; Pancreatitis

Studied was the activity of the serum enzymes LAP, CE, APh, SPh, and guanase as well as the isoenzymes of the unspecific esterases and APh in guinea pigs treated with potassium bichromate. Morphologically and histopathologically, an acute injury of the kidney parenchyma was found, being in close correlation with the size of lesions and these enzymes' activity. The activity of APh, SPh, and CE rose, and that of LAP and guanase did not change. These enzymes proved to form an appropriate constallation the changes in which could reflect the functional status of the kidneys and substantiate the differential diagnosis of liver and kidney diseases.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Cholinesterases; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Enzyme Activation; Enzymes; Guanine Deaminase; Guinea Pigs; Isoenzymes; Kidney; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Bilirubin; Blood Proteins; Female; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Deoxyribonucleases; Intestinal Obstruction; Intestine, Small; Liver; Lysosomes; Male; Rats; Ribonucleases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; alpha-Macroglobulins; Asthma; Humans; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Male; Remission, Spontaneous

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Child, Preschool; Circadian Rhythm; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Infant; Neutrophils; Pneumonia

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver; Liver Glycogen; Methylmercury Compounds; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Sulfhydryl Compounds

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Rats; Trichlorfon

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Dimethylformamide; Glycogen; Glycosaminoglycans; Kidney; Liver; Liver Glycogen; Lung; Rats

The results of histochemical, histoenzymological, and fluorescence microscopy studies of the conductive tissue of the heart in acute myocardial infarction in 30 fatal cases are presented. Focal decrease in redox and hydrolytic enzymes, monoaminoxidase, and cholinesterase in elementa of the conduction system as well as changes in the pattern of fluorescence of the specific muscle cells were found. The intensity of metabolic lesions was more pronounced at early stages of myocardial infarction in those cases where the conducting pathways were proximal to the foci of necrosis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Cholinesterases; Cytochromes; Electron Transport Complex IV; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Glycerophosphates; Heart Conduction System; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactates; Malate Dehydrogenase; Malates; Middle Aged; Monoamine Oxidase; Myocardial Infarction; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Succinates

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Child, Preschool; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute; Leukocytes; Male

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Child; Glomerulonephritis; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lymphocytes; Succinate Dehydrogenase

The spectrum of acid phosphatase isoenzymes was studied by means of disk electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. Seven isofractions were detected of this enzyme in blood plasma. In patients with the acute stage of myocardial infarction the amount of isofraction 3 was increased, its electrophoretic mobility was 0.479 +/- 0.059. It is suggested to use the test for acid phosphatase fraction 3 in blood plasma as an auxiliary method in the diagnosis of pathological conditions of the myocardium.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Female; Humans; Isoenzymes; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Reference Values; Time Factors

The activities of acid phosphatases (AP) were measured in leukocytes from patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), macrophages, granulocytes, in the fractionated mononuclear cells of patients with CML and with hairy-cell-leukemia (HCL) and in the cells from patients with acute leukemia (AL). The lowest activities were found in lymphocytes of normal subjects and of patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) and in thrombocytes. Isoenzyme (IsE) 1 was characteristic for thymocytes, IsE 2 for granulocytes, IsE 3 for pathologic blast-cells, lymphocytes and thrombocytes, IsE 4 for macrophages, IsE 5 with components a and b for the mononuclear fraction of patients with HCL. In addition IsE 5 was detected in lymphocytes, macrophages and CLL-cells. In 4 patients with HCL the relative percentage of IsE-5-fraction was slightly greater than the percentage of tartrate resistant cells. In two patients with questionable HCL well marked IsE-5-fractions were recognized but no tartrate resistant cells. In one patient with HCL a relatively high percentage of tartrate resistant hairy-cells and in comparison an inadaquate low IsE-5-fraction was found. These different relations were explained with the more sensitive method of gelelectrophoresis and different affinity of substrates to AP.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Blood Platelets; Granulocytes; Humans; Isoenzymes; Leukemia; Leukemia, Hairy Cell; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukocytes; Lymphocytes; Macrophages

Acute leukemia in 93 children was cytochemically classified into three groups: 1. the PAS-Typ (acute undifferenciated leukemia) paramyeloblastic leukemia, 2. the AML, and 3. the Acid Phosphatase Typ (SP-Typ). Therapy for the first group differed from that for AML. The acid-Phosphatase-Typ was found in only a few cases, where the acid Phosphatase is good to see in the paranuclear region of the cell. These cases have a bad prognosis. It is proposed to publish even single cases of the acid Phosphatasetype leukemia in order to find the optimal therapy.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Child; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Prognosis

Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aminosalicylic Acid; B-Lymphocytes; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Leukocytes; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Osteomyelitis; Paralysis; Rheumatic Diseases; Sepsis; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Dogs; Female; Glucagon; Heparin; Histocytochemistry; Lysosomes; Male; Pancreas; Pancreatitis

In dogs with acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP) induced according to Elliotts method the total, free and latent activity of lysosomal hydrolases (acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and cathepsins) in whole homogenates and some subfractions of pancreas were studied. The animals were divided into three groups of 6 dogs each: I. control healthy dogs. II. AEP-treated with glucagon (0.33 mg of glucagon in drop infusion 3 times every six hours). III. AEP without any drug treatment. In dogs treated with glucagon the significant decrease of relative free activity of all tested hydrolases (66-80%) in comparison with the group without any treatment (III/80-90%) was found. Moreover significant decrease of total catheptic activity (about 1/3) in the former group was demonstrated. Incubation of lysosomal enriched fraction taken from group II/in medium buffered to pH 5.0 caused decreasing release of catheptic activity (60% of total) in comparison with the group III (75%). The histochemical reaction for acid phosphatase according to Gomoris method in pancreatic acinar cells of dogs treated with glucagon was less intensive than reaction in untreated animals. These results indicate on the less impairment of pancreatic lysosomes in AEP treated with glucagon in comparison with that in untreated animals.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Cathepsins; Dogs; Glucagon; Glucuronidase; Hydrolases; Lysosomes; Pancreas; Pancreatitis

Acute uremia was induced in male Swiss albino mice by complete urethral ligation and the animals were sacrificed 2, 4-6, 24, and 48 h after operation. Sham-opeated animals (without the urethral ligation) were similarly treated. The blood urea levels of animals with total urinary tract obstruction went up to 175 mg/100 ml at 4-6 h of urethral ligation and reached an average level of 827 mg/100 ml at 48 h, while the control group exhibited and average blood urea level of 37 mg/100 ml. Lysosomes obtained from livers of uremic mice sacrificed at different time intervals demonstrated a lability of the lysosomal membranes (as determined by the acid phosphatase activity in mU/mg) which was maximal at 4-6 h of urethral ligation, declining towards normal at 24 and 48 h, despite an increase in the animal's blood urea. In vitro studies exposing liver lysosomes to progressively higher urea concentrations (differences of as much as 100,000 times) did not reveal any effect of urea upon the stability of lysosomal membranes. The reason for the lability of lysosomal membranes in the uremic group was not apparent in the present study.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Cell Fractionation; Disease Models, Animal; Liver; Lysosomes; Male; Membranes; Mice; Urea; Uremia

50 guinea pigs were allergized three times in 3 days intervals by subcutaneous injection of 25% solution of egg-white in physiological saline in a dose of 0-1 ml/100 g of body weight. On the 21 day after the last injection the animals were exposed to aerosol of antigen of egg-white. 11 animals died in acute anaphylactic shock. The control group consisted of 12 guinea pigs which received subcutaneously a solution of physiological sodium chloride of the same dosis--0-1 ml/100 g of body weight and were also exposed to the allergen, together with the experimental group. The removed parathyroids together with the thyroid gland were studied with histologic and cytoenzymatic methods. The activity of alkaline and acid phosphomonoesterase, nonspecific AS-naphtol acetate esterase, succinic (SDH), lactic (LDH) and D-L-alfaglicerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPD) were tested. No morphological changes in the parathyroids of guinea pigs in anaphylactic shock were found. Instead a decrease of the enzymatic activity of dehydrogenases was found, what might be connected with the decrease of metabolic activity of the cells. The decrease of alkaline phosphatase activity in the endothelial cells of the capillaries was another finding. It is likely that in an acute anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs only functional changes develop which have not counterparts in histology visible under the light microscope.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Guinea Pigs; Histocytochemistry; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Naphthol AS D Esterase; Ovalbumin; Parathyroid Glands; Succinate Dehydrogenase

The activity of optic density of preparations of cat kidneys by studying lactic, succinic-, glycoso-6-phosphoric-beta-oxybutyrate, NAD.H2-, NADP.H2-tetrazolium-reductases, alkaline and acid phosphatases, was investigated in intact animals, those under hexenal anesthesia, under conditions of a 5-hour hypotension caused by administration of a ganglioblocker (arphonade), 24 hours after the termination of artificial hypotension and in profuse blood letting. Analysis of the optic density distribution curves showed that under conditions of acute vascular insufficiency all the nephron parts reacted by different changes of the enzymatic activity. These changes clearly demonstrated a sharp fall of the energy importance of the main oxidation way (Krebs cycle) and of the prevalence of glycolytic way and pentose shunt under conditions of circulatory hypoxia.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Cats; Hemorrhage; Histocytochemistry; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase; Hypotension; Kidney; Male; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Succinate Dehydrogenase

The morpho-functional features of peripheral blood leukocytes were studied in 50 rabbits with experimental myocardial infarction at various intervals after ligation of the anterior interventricle artery. Changes in the leukocytes were compared with the morphological picture of myocardial infarction. In the acute period of experimental myocardial infarction not only quantitative changes were found to occur but also functional values of leukocytes changes: the content of glycogen and the activities of peroxidase and phagocytic activity of granulocytes were reduced, while the activity of alkaline phosphatase increased. Electron microscopic examinations of lymphocytes revealed ultrastructural changes in mitochondria. In the subacute period of the disease some of the values showed a trend for normalization. In the period of recuperation when the zone of infarction in rabbits is replaced by crude fiber connective tissue all the values under study in the peripheral blood became normal. The exceptions were the animals with extensive as well as complicated myocardial infarctions.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Glycogen; Granulocytes; Leukocytes; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardial Infarction; Peroxidases; Phagocytosis; Rabbits

Under study was the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation in 46 patients on the course of bile tract diseases, complicated with hepatic insufficiency. Hyperbaric oxygenation was found to render a positive effect on the course of hepatic insufficiency.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Cholecystitis; Cholestasis; Chronic Disease; Electron Transport Complex IV; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen Consumption; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Laboratory animals were kept for 2, 8 and 16 hours in a pressure chamber, the air of which contained 8% O2 and 92% N2. Histochemical and ultrastructural examinations revealed the following duodenal alterations: 1. The alkaline phosphatase activity of the epithelium and glandular epithelium showed no alteration; the acid phosphatase activity was slightly increased in hypoxia. 2. The succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome C oxidase activities of the glandular epithelium showed a marked decrease. 3. Two hours of hypoxia led to destruction of the microvillous epithelium. Prolonged hypoxia resulted in the destruction of the microvilli as well as of the cuticula. 4. Hypoxia of short duration had no damaging effect on glandular epithelial cells. After 8 to 16 hours of hypoxia, glandular secretion was reduced and the epithelial cells were evacuated. From the findings of the present investigation it is concluded that the decrease in the production of protective intestinal juice, due to the damaging effect of hypoxia on the epithelium and glandular epithelium as well as on the mitochondria, and the increase in the absorption of the intestinal content should be considered responsible of the additional damages to the intestinal epithelium.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Duodenum; Electron Transport Complex IV; Female; Hypoxia; Male; Rabbits; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Time Factors

Activity of acid phosphotase in the urethra discharge in patients with various forms of gonorrhea (acute, torpid, and chronic) was studied with the use of electron-microscopy and biochemical methods. A positive reaction of nuclei of the epithelial cells to acid phosphotase in lysosomes and perichromatin granules was demonstrated. In polymorphononuclear leucocytes the positive reaction to acid phosphotase could be also sometimes observed in granules of the cytoplasm. The electronograms presented testify to heterogeneity and high activity of acid phosphotase in lysosomes. Neither electron-microscopy nor biochemical methods could help reveal any differences in the activity of acid phosphotase in various forms of gonorrhea.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Cell Nucleus; Chronic Disease; Cytoplasmic Granules; Epithelium; Gonorrhea; Granulocytes; Humans; Lysosomes; Male; Urethra

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Erysipelothrix Infections; Joints; Rats; Synovial Membrane

Human gallbladder epithelium was homogenized with a view to maintaining the integrity of subcellular components. In such homogenates, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase, beta-fucosidase, beta-xylosidase, and acid phosphatase were demonstrated together with phospholipase activity. All the enzymes exhibited structure-linked latency. After discarding cellular debris from the homogenate, remaining subcellular organelles were analytically separated by density gradient centrifugation. After 100,000 g for 1 hour, particles containing acid glycosidases were recovered at a sucrose density of 1.18-1.19, whereas the mitochondrial marker enzyme succinate-reductase accumulated at a density of 1.16. The bulk of sedimentable phospholipase activity was recovered with particles sedimenting at 1.18-1.19. The results are interpreted as indicating that phosphalipase is present in lysosomes of the human gallbladder epithelium. Release of acid hydrolases, in lysosomes of the human gallbladder epithelium. Release of acid hydrolases, in lysosomes of the human gallbladder epithelium. Release of acid hydrolases, particularly phospholipase A, from the gallbladder epithelium is discussed as mediation of an inflammatory reaction in the gallbladder, i.e. cholecystitis.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; alpha-L-Fucosidase; Cell Fractionation; Cholecystitis; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Galactosidases; Gallbladder; Glucosidases; Glucuronidase; Glycoside Hydrolases; Humans; Lysophosphatidylcholines; Lysosomes; Phospholipases

From 63 children with acute leukaemia the bone-marrow smears were cytochemically examined before the beginning of therapy. The activity of peroxydase was examined according to Sato and Sekya, that of acid phosphatase according to Löffler and Berghoff, that of alpha-naphthyl-acetate-esterase according to Gomori; the evidence of glycogen was examined by means of the PAS-diastase response according to McManus. Among the 63 cases of leukaemia we found 6 cases of paramyeloblastic leukaemia, 2 cases of parapromyelocytic leukaemia, and 3 cases of myelomonocytic leukaemia. 52 cases of leukaemia could not be further differentiated in morphological respect. They represented an immature paraleukoblastic leukaemia. A division according to leading cytochemical criteria was made for them. The therapeutic possibility of influencing the various groups was checked by means of prolonged observations. Children affected with paraleukoblastic leukaemia of the phosphatase type had a significantly low rate of remission similar to the myeloid leukaemia. Paraleukoblastic leukaemia of the PAS type, esterase type and the undifferentiated type revealed no essential differences. The rate of remission, however, was highest in leukaemia of the PAS type amounting to 100%. In one part of patients the prolonged cytochemical observations in 8 children with recidives showed that the cytochemical type under chemotherapy was changed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Child; Esterases; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukemia; Leukocytes; Peroxidases; Remission, Spontaneous

The experiments were carried out in mice which were divided into 4 experimental groups and a control group. In the course of the experiment SD, NADH2-tetrazolium reductase; ATP-ase, G-6-P-ase and AP were observed. It was found that acute benzene intoxication causes the disturbances in the enzymatic activities of the cells of the main segment of the nephron. The impairment of tissue respiration and oxygen phosphorylation and of active transport is due to benzene intoxication. Benzene leads to injury of the endoplasmatic reticulum in the cells of the kidney.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Benzene; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Kidney; Male; Mice; Poisoning; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Blast cells of 4 patients with acid phosphatase positive acute leukemia were investigated for T and B lymphocyte markers. Nearly all blast cells showed a typical T cell marker, namely spontaneous rosette formation with sheep red blood cells. No surface immunoglobulin was demonstrable on these cells. 3 of these 4 patients showed an enlargement of the upper mediastinum most probably due to the thymus. The conclusion is drawn that the acid phosphatase positive acute leukemia is a T cell leukemia. Some clinical data about these 4 patients are given.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; B-Lymphocytes; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Leukemia; Male; Surface Properties; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Child, Preschool; Croup; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Infant; Laryngitis; Leukocytes; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Syndrome

Early changes in lysosomal enzymes must occur if their role is significant in irreversible myocardial injury. Therefore, we ligated the anterior descending coronary artery in 14 dogs and after 60 min excised epicardial and endocardial samples from the ischemic and adjacent normal heart. The collateral flow measured with radioactive microspheres in the endocardial samples averaged 19% of control. The muscle was disrupted and fractionated by ultracentrifugation into nuclear pellet (NP), heavy lysosomal pellet (HL), light lysosomal pellet (LL), microsomal pellet (M) and supernate (S). Electron microscopy demonstrated changes characteristic of sichemia in whole tissues and sedimented fractions. Acid phosphatase reaction product was present in residual bodies in the HL fraction and membrane-bound vesicles in the LL fraction and in the intact tissue. Significant decreases in the specific activity of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase occurred in the endocardial LL fraction, while significant increases in both were found in the ts fraction (P less than 0.05). Losses of acid phosphatase occurred in both LL and S fractions. Moreover, decreases of total N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in the HL fraction and of total beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase in the LL fraction were positively correlated (P less than 0.01) with the degree of ischemia measured with radioactive microspheres. Only insignificant enzymatic changes were found when the collateral flow was greater than 40%, and the differences were less significant in epicardial samples where the flow averaged 29%. The early loss of enzymes from the lysosomal fractions in severe ischemia suggests a role for lysosomal hydrolases in the necrosis that follows coronary occlusion.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Collateral Circulation; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Endocardium; Hydrolases; Hydrolysis; Lysosomes; Myocardium; Polyethylene Glycols; Proteins

Nonvaccinated pigs were infected with a pathogenic virus of swine fever in order to follow up the changes with some enzymes in their blood serum. It was found that there is a dependable rise in the values of the blood serum GOT (2.6.1. 1.) - From about 38 to approximately 108 mU per cu. cm; GPT (2. 6; 1.2.;-From about 12 up to 66 mU/cu. cm; LAP (3. 4. 1. 1)-from about 13 to 27 mU/cu. cm; and ALD (4. 1; 2. 7.) - from about 6 up to 19 mU/cu. cm. These changes were noticed as early as the 48th hour of infection, prior to the manifestation of the clinical symptoms of swine fever. They remained stable up to the end of the infection process. The activity of LDH (1. 1. 2. 7.) and amylase (3. 2. 1.1 .) was said to rise (not dependable statistically), and that of cholinesterase (3. 1 1. 8) - to drop gradually with the development of the infection process. The two phosphomonoesterases (3. 1. 3. 1 and 3. 1. 3. 2.) showed no essential changes. The changes taking place in the activity of these enzymes did not depend on the extent of the hemorrhagic diathesis characteristic of swine fever. So, this test, which has been unknown so far, is referred to as a characteristic paraclinical symptom of swine fever.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amylases; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Bilirubin; Cholinesterases; Classical Swine Fever; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Swine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Cathepsins; Dogs; Hemorrhage; Lipase; Pancreatitis; Phospholipases; Trypsin

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Child; Child, Preschool; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Leukemia; Leukocytes; Lymphocytes; Mitochondria; Neutrophils; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Child, Preschool; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Infant; Leukocytes; Peroxidases; Pneumonia; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Allergens; Asthma; Bacteria; Chronic Disease; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Leukocytes; Middle Aged; Remission, Spontaneous; Skin Tests

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Eosinophils; Esterases; Glycogen; Humans; Infant; Infections; Monocytes; Neutrophils

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Biopsy; Chronic Disease; Colectomy; Colitis, Ulcerative; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Drug Therapy, Combination; Galactosidases; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glucosidases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Prednisone; Succinates; Sulfasalazine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Angina Pectoris; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Butyrates; Carbonic Anhydrases; Catalase; Ceruloplasmin; Cholinesterases; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Coronary Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction

Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Chronic Disease; Female; Histocytochemistry; Ischemia; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria, Muscle; Muscle Denervation; Muscles; Muscular Dystrophies; Myofibrils; Necrosis; Phosphorylases; Rats; Regeneration; RNA; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Biological Transport; Colon; Dogs; Extracellular Space; Female; Ileum; Intestinal Mucosa; Ischemia; Male; Methylglucosides; Phenylalanine; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Autopsy; Electron Transport Complex IV; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver; Liver Diseases; NAD; Peroxidases; Porphyrias; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Bile; Cathepsins; Chlorides; Dogs; Female; Fucose; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Glycoside Hydrolases; Hexosaminidases; Hydrogen; Male; Photometry; Potassium; Pyloric Antrum; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; Stomach Diseases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Crystallization; Dogs; Glucuronidase; Gout; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Knee Joint; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukocyte Count; Microscopy, Electron; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Pressure; Synovial Fluid; Synovial Membrane; Synovitis; Time Factors; Uric Acid

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Brain; Caseins; Cathepsins; Colon; Esterases; Female; Glucuronidase; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kwashiorkor; Liver; Lysosomes; Phenols; Rats; Ribonucleases; Stress, Physiological; Sulfatases; Sulfuric Acids

Topics: Acetates; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aminosalicylic Acids; Cell Differentiation; Chlorine; Chronic Disease; Cytodiagnosis; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Methods; Naphthols

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bacterial Infections; Carbon Isotopes; Citric Acid Cycle; Glucose; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glutathione Reductase; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Neoplasms; Neutrophils; Osteomyelitis; Oxygen Consumption; Peroxidases; Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase; Pyruvate Kinase; Tetrazolium Salts; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Virus Diseases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Age Factors; Child; Female; Glucuronidase; Humans; Lysosomes; Male; Rheumatic Fever

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Meningitis, Viral; Neutrophils; Peroxidases; Phagocytosis; Sodium

Topics: Acetates; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukemia; Naphthols; Peroxidases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma; Chronic Disease; Electrophoresis; Hot Temperature; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Mediastinum; Sarcoidosis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Alkaline Phosphatase; Biopsy; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cholestasis; Chronic Disease; Enzymes; Fatty Liver; Female; Hepatitis A; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Diseases; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Biopsy; Catechol Oxidase; Chronic Disease; Depression, Chemical; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Electron Transport Complex IV; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lichen Planus; Melanocytes; NAD; Necrosis; Oxygen Consumption; Skin; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Leukocytes; Pneumonia; Sepsis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Child; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Lymphocytes; Rheumatic Fever; Succinate Dehydrogenase

A cytochemical study of the lysosomal enzyme beta-glucuronidase in 60 cases of acute leukaemia has shown a qualitative difference in the cytoplasmic distribution of the enzyme between blast cells of the lymphoid and myeloid cell series. This difference provides a useful additional method for cytochemical classification of cell type and is superior in this respect to the other lysosomal enzymes studied (aryl sulphatase and acid phosphatase). The beta-glucuronidase reaction is recommended in those cases of acute leukaemia in which the periodic acid-Schiff reaction is negative or equivocal.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Cells; Child; Child, Preschool; Cytoplasm; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Lysosomes; Middle Aged; Staining and Labeling; Sulfatases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Cell Differentiation; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukemia; Male; Naphthaleneacetic Acids; Osteosclerosis; Primary Myelofibrosis; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Glands; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cholesterol; Chronic Disease; Histocytochemistry; Microscopy, Polarization; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Rabbits; Sodium Chloride; Swine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Asparaginase; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Carcinoma; Depression, Chemical; Esterases; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid; Lymphatic Diseases; Multiple Myeloma; Peroxidases; Stimulation, Chemical

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Epinephrine; Hemorrhage; Histocytochemistry; Hyperemia; Injections, Intravenous; Lung; Pulmonary Edema; Rabbits

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Cell Membrane Permeability; Chronic Disease; Juxtaglomerular Apparatus; Kidney; Kidney Tubules; Rabbits; Renin; Sodium Chloride; Swine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Alpha-Globulins; Animals; Beta-Globulins; Calcium; Chlorides; Chronic Disease; Exudates and Transudates; gamma-Globulins; Inflammation; Mucoproteins; Phospholipids; Phosphorus; Potassium; Rabbits; Serum Albumin; Serum Globulins; Sodium

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Female; Kidney; Male; Mercury Poisoning; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Rabbits; Transaminases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Antineoplastic Agents; Blood Cell Count; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Examination; Child, Preschool; Cytodiagnosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Erythrocytes; Erythropoiesis; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Indicators and Reagents; Infant; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Exudates and Transudates; Female; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Inflammation; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; Rabbits

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aminocaproates; Amylases; Animals; Aprotinin; Dogs; Fibrinogen; Heparin; Lysosomes; Necrosis; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Protease Inhibitors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Marrow Examination; Esterases; Humans; Leukemia; Lipids; Peroxidases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Female; Hepatitis; Humans; Jaundice; Liver; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aminocaproates; Animals; Arthritis; Cartilage, Articular; Chronic Disease; Glucuronidase; Hot Temperature; Hydrolases; Hypertrophy; Inflammation; Injections, Intra-Articular; Leukocytes; Lysosomes; Peptide Hydrolases; Rabbits; Skin; Synovial Membrane

Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Chronic Disease; Desoxycorticosterone; Ganglia, Autonomic; Histocytochemistry; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Monoamine Oxidase; Neck; Neurons; Organ Size; Rats; Renal Artery

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Neutrophils; Pneumonia; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Child; Chronic Disease; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Isoenzymes; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lymphocytes; Male; Oxidoreductases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Tonsillitis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adult; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; Bile Pigments; Biopsy; Cell Membrane; Cell Nucleus; Cytoplasm; Cytoplasmic Granules; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Female; Glycogen; Golgi Apparatus; Hepatitis A; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Liver; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria, Liver; Organoids; Ribosomes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adolescent; Alkaline Phosphatase; Esterases; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Lymphocytes; Male; Peroxidases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Chronic Disease; Coronary Disease; Electron Transport Complex IV; Esterases; Heart Neoplasms; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lipase; Methods; Middle Aged; Myocardium; NAD; NADP; Peritonitis; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Uremia

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Autolysis; Chronic Disease; Female; Ganglia, Autonomic; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neck; Synapses; Uremia

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Age Factors; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Avitaminosis; Bone Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Chronic Disease; Diabetes Mellitus; Esophageal Neoplasms; Estrus; Female; Hematologic Diseases; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal; Histocytochemistry; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Infections; Leukemia; Leukocytes; Liver Diseases; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Neutrophils; Pregnancy; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiation Injuries; Stress, Physiological

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Calcitonin; Chronic Disease; Esterases; Female; Histocytochemistry; Hypercalcemia; Hypocalcemia; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Rats; Staining and Labeling; Thyroid Gland

Ten consecutive cases of acute transmural myocardial infarction were accompanied by a rise of 50 to 400 percent in the serum acid phenylphosphatase. The increase in phosphatase began several hours after onset of symptoms and lasted 3 to 5 days. A similar rise was seen during the acute stages of other thromboembolic diseases. While the mechanism by which this acid hyperphenylphosphatasia occurs is not clear, platelets may play an important role.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Blood; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Humans; Myocardial Infarction