acetyl-11-ketoboswellic-acid and Infarction--Middle-Cerebral-Artery

Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA), a main active constituent from Boswellia serrata resin, is a novel candidate for therapy of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Nevertheless, its poor solubility in aqueous solvent, bioavailability, and rapid clearance limit its curative efficacy. To enhance its potency, in our study, AKBA-loaded o-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticle (AKBA-NP) delivery system was synthesized. The transmission electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope images of AKBA-NPs suggested that particle size was 132 ± 18 nm, and particles were spherical in shape with smooth morphology. In pharmacokinetics study, AKBA-NPs apparently increases the area under the curve of plasma concentration-time and prolonged half-life compared with AKBA. The tissue distribution study confirmed that AKBA-NPs had a better brain delivery efficacy in comparison with AKBA. The results from our pharmacodynamic studies showed that AKBA-NPs possess better neuroprotection compared with AKBA in primary neurons with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model and in animals with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Additionally, AKBA-NPs modulate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways more effectively than AKBA by increasing nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 expression, and by decreasing nuclear factor-kappa B and 5-lipoxygenase expression. Collectively, our results suggest that AKBA-NPs serve as a potent delivery vehicle for AKBA in cerebral ischemic therapy.

Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Cells, Cultured; Chitosan; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutathione Peroxidase; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Interleukin-1beta; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Nanoparticles; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxide Dismutase; Tissue Distribution; Triterpenes; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha