8-hydroxy-2--deoxyguanosine and Hyperlipidemias

Impairment of the lipid metabolism could affect the periodontal disease; increased oxidative stress may have a role in this relationship. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of menopause in the relationship between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease via oxidative stress markers in saliva.. Sixty-seven women were enrolled in the study and divided into four groups as systemically healthy and premenopause (C) (n = 18), hyperlipidemia and premenopause (H) (n = 16), systemically healthy and postmenopause (M) (n = 17), and hyperlipidemia and postmenopause (MH) (n = 16). Sociodemographics, periodontal and metabolic parameters, and saliva oxidative markers (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG]) were evaluated.. Menopause and/or hyperlipidemia were associated with an increase in all evaluated periodontal parameters. Saliva 8-OHdG and MPO levels were higher in menopausal groups (M and MH). Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that hyperlipidemia was related to an increase in periodontal parameters. Salivary oxidative stress markers and periodontal parameters were also positively associated with menopause and hyperlipidemia.. Saliva 8-OHdG and MPO levels may indicate that the relationship between periodontal disease and hyperlipidemia is aggravated by menopause.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Adult; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Deoxyguanosine; Female; Gingival Diseases; Gingivitis; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Male; Menopause; Middle Aged; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Periodontal Diseases; Peroxidase; Saliva

The purpose of this study is to determine the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), as a lipid peroxidation marker, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), as an oxidative DNA damage marker, in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and hyperlipidemia.. A total of 74 individuals were divided into four age- and sex-matched groups: 18 patients with hyperlipidemia and CP (HLp), 18 periodontally healthy patients with hyperlipidemia (HLh), 19 systemically healthy individuals with CP (Cp), and 19 systemically and periodontally healthy controls (Ch). Clinical periodontal parameters were measured, and serum lipids, MDA, and 8-OHdG levels were assessed in blood samples.. 8-OHdG, MDA, probing depth, clinical attachment level, and percentage of sites bleeding on probing (BOP) were significantly higher in the HLp group than the Cp group. In the hyperlipidemic group, BOP was significantly correlated with total cholesterol, the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 8-OHdG levels. A significant correlation between 8-OHdG and MDA was also observed in the hyperlipidemia group.. In this study, serum MDA and 8-OHdG were found to be highest in the HLp group. The increased levels of MDA and 8-OHdG in HLp patients may be a result of a harmful oxidative status in association with hyperlipidemia and periodontitis.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Adult; Aged; Alveolar Bone Loss; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Cholesterol, VLDL; Chronic Periodontitis; Deoxyguanosine; DNA Damage; Female; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Triglycerides

Independent of their lipid-lowering effects, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors have renal protective effects on various models of progressive renal diseases, therefore, additional therapeutic advantages have been considered. In the present study, using spontaneously hypercholesterolaemic Imai rats, we examined the protective effects of pitavastatin on renal injuries and the oxidative modification of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), since oxidized lipoproteins are speculated to be involved in the mechanism of this rat strain's renal injuries.. Male Imai rats were treated with pitavastatin (n = 11) at a dose of 100 mg/kg diet or received no specific therapy as controls (n = 11) from 10 to 22 weeks of age. Body weight, urinary protein excretion and serum constituents were evaluated every 4 weeks. At the end of the study, the effects of pitavastatin on the susceptibility of serum LDL and HDL to oxidation, and renal histology were examined.. Pitavastatin treatment did not affect hyperlipidaemia, but significantly reduced proteinuria and preserved creatinine clearance deterioration. At the end of the study, lag times for LDL and HDL oxidation were prolonged by the treatment of pitavastatin to 126 and 153%, respectively, compared with the controlled group. The glomerulosclerosis index (SI) for untreated controlled rats was significantly higher than that for the pitavastatin-treated group. An immunohistochemistry study showed significantly lower numbers of ED-1 positive macrophages in the glomeruli and interstitium in pitavastatin-treated rats compared with those controlled.. Pitavastatin treatment prevented renal injuries in Imai rats independent of lipid-lowering effects. Prevention of oxidative modification of LDL and HDL may play an important role on the beneficial effects of pitavastatin treatment.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Animals; Blood Pressure; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Deoxyguanosine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hypercholesterolemia; Hyperlipidemias; Kidney; Lipids; Lipoproteins, HDL; Lipoproteins, LDL; Macrophages; Oxygen; Quinolines; Rats

Oxidative stress and apoptosis are 2 major characteristics of the progression of atherosclerosis. Both lovastatin and Magnolia officinalis are hypocholesterolemic agents. Therefore, we investigated the effect of M. officinalis extract on the prevention of atherosclerosis in comparison with lovastatin. Twenty hyperlipidemic rabbits were served one of the following diets: a high-fat and cholesterol diet (cholesterol group, 10% corn oil and 0.5% cholesterol), a high fat and cholesterol diet supplemented with M. officinalis extract (300 mg/kg) or lovastatin (6 mg/kg). The plasma lipids, oxidative stress (measured by free radical, malondialdehyde, and oxidative DNA damage), and arterial lesions significantly decreased in the M. officinalis and lovastatin groups when compared with the cholesterol group. Moreover, the expressions of Fas ligand, caspase 8, and caspase 9 in the aortic arches were also markedly lowered after M. officinalis and lovastatin supplements. Therefore, the results indicate that the antiatherogenic effect of M. officinalis is involved with a suppression of oxidative stress and with the down-regulation of apoptosis-related gene expression in hyperlipidemic rabbits.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Apoptosis; Caspase 8; Caspase 9; Caspases; Cholesterol; Deoxyguanosine; Fas Ligand Protein; Gene Expression Regulation; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Hyperlipidemias; Lovastatin; Magnolia; Malondialdehyde; Membrane Glycoproteins; Oxidative Stress; Plant Extracts; Rabbits; Tumor Necrosis Factors

Oxidative stress is one of the major risk factors for coronary artery disease. Ellagic acid is a phenolic compound present in fruits and nuts, and has been found to have antioxidative property. Twenty-four New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits were assigned randomly into four dietary groups. The normal group was fed regular rabbit chow, and the cholesterol group was fed a high fat and cholesterol diet. The ellagic acid (E) group and probucol group were fed the same diet as the cholesterol group plus the addition of 1% (w/w diet) ellagic acid and probucol, respectively. Oxidative stress [as measured by plasma lipids, oxygen free radicals and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)] increased in the cholesterol group compared with the normal group; however, it decreased in the probucol and E groups compared with the cholesterol group. Forty-five percent of the intimal surface of the thoracic aorta was covered with atherosclerotic lesions in the cholesterol group, but only 2-3% was covered in the E and probucol groups. The aortic level of 8-(OH)dG and the expression of caspase-8, caspase-9 and Fas ligand were also suppressed after ellagic acid supplement. These results indicated that ellagic acid could prevent atherosclerosis via suppression of oxidative stress and apoptosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Animals; Anticholesteremic Agents; Antioxidants; Aorta, Thoracic; Apoptosis; Atherosclerosis; Caspase 8; Caspase 9; Caspases; Deoxyguanosine; Ellagic Acid; Fas Ligand Protein; Free Radical Scavengers; Hyperlipidemias; Lipids; Membrane Glycoproteins; Oxidative Stress; Probucol; Rabbits; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Tumor Necrosis Factors