8-hydroxy-2--deoxyguanosine and Cognitive-Dysfunction

Cognitive decline in older adults is a serious public health problem today. Association between vitamin D supplementation and cognition remains controversial.. To determine whether a 12-month vitamin D supplementation improves cognitive function in elderly subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and whether it is mediated through the mechanism in which telomere length (TL) regulate oxidative stress.. This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Tianjin, China. Participants were all native Chinese speakers aged 65 years and older with MCI. 183 subjects were randomized to an intervention group (vitamin D 800 IU/day, n = 93) or a placebo group (the matching starch granules, n = 90), and followed up for 12 months. Tests of cognitive function and mechanism-related biomarkers were evaluated at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months.. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed substantial improvements in the full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ), information, digit span, vocabulary, block design, and picture arrangement scores in the vitamin D group over the placebo group (p < 0.001). Leukocyte TL was significantly higher, while serum 8-OXO-dG, OGG1mRNA, and P16INK4amRNA revealed greater decreases in the vitamin D group over the placebo group (p < 0.001). According to mixed-model repeated-measures ANOVA analysis, vitamin D group showed a significant enhancement in the FSIQ score for 12 months compared with the control (estimate value = 5.132, p < 0.001).. Vitamin D supplementation for 12 months appears to improve cognitive function through reducing oxidative stress regulated by increased TL in order adults with MCI. Vitamin D may be a promising public health strategy to prevent cognitive decline.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Aged; Calcifediol; Calcitriol; Cholecalciferol; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; Dietary Supplements; DNA Glycosylases; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Intelligence Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Telomere; Vitamins

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of vitamins E and C on cognitive performance among the elderly in Iran.. About 256 elderly with mild cognitive impairment, aged 60-75 years, received 300 mg of vitamin E plus 400 mg of vitamin C or placebo daily just for 1 year.. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric variables food consumption, cognitive function by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and some of the oxidative stress biomarkers were examined.. Antioxidant supplementation reduced malondialdehyde level (P < 0.001) and raised total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.001) and glutathione (P < 0.01). The serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine remained unchanged (P < 0.4). After adjusting for the covariates effects, MMSE scores following 6- (25.88 ± 0.17) and 12-month antioxidant supplementation (26.8 ± 0.17) did not differ from control group (25.86 ± 0.18 and 26.59 ± 0.18, respectively).. Despite significant improvement in most of the oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidants' supplementation was not observed to enhance cognitive performance. A large number of kinetic and/or dynamic factors could be suspected.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Aged; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Deoxyguanosine; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glutathione; Humans; Iran; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Vitamin E

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Aging; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Progression; Diterpenes; Female; Hericium; Male; Mice; Mycelium; Plaque, Amyloid; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances

Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress have significant effects on cognitive deficiency in the pathophysiological development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present study, we studied the influences of Ampelopsin (AMP) on proinflammatory cytokines (PICs, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), and products of oxidative stress 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso PGF2α, a product of oxidative stress); and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, a key biomarker of protein oxidation) in the hippocampus using a rat model of AD.. ELISA was used to examine PICs and oxidative stress production; and western blotting to examine NADPH oxidase (NOXs). The Spatial working memory tests and Morris water maze were utilized to assess cognitive functions.. We observed amplification of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α as well as 8-iso PGF2α and 8-OHdG in the hippocampus of AD rats. AMP attenuated upregulation of PICs and oxidative stress production. AMP also inhibited NOX4 in the AD rat hippocampus. Notably, AMP mostly improved learning performance in AD rat and this was linked to signal pathways of PIC and oxidative stress.. AMP plays a significant role in improving the memory deficiency in AD rats via inhibition of signal pathways of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, suggesting that AMP is likely to prospect in preventing and relieving development of the cognitive dysfunctions in AD as a complementary alternative intervention.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Cognitive Dysfunction; Cytokines; Dinoprost; Disease Models, Animal; Flavonoids; Hippocampus; Inflammation; Male; Maze Learning; Memory, Short-Term; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Rats

BACKGROUND This study assessed variations in SAA and 8-OHdG in patients with senile early cognitive impairment (CI). MATERIAL AND METHODS The subjects were divided into 3 groups: 121 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 131 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 100 healthy persons that underwent physical examinations during the same period (Control). These groups were evaluated by MMSE and MoCA, and the SAA and 8-OHdG levels in these groups were tested using ELISA sandwich technique. RESULTS The AD group had significantly higher TG and ApoB levels, followed by the MCI and Control groups, respectively (P<0.05). The MCI group had the highest HDL-C level significantly, while the Control group had the lowest (P<0.05). The Control (normal) group had significantly higher MoCA and MMSE scores, followed by the MCI group and the AD group (P<0.05). The Control (normal) group had significantly lower SAA and 8-OHdG levels, followed by the MCI group and the AD group (P<0.05). The MoCA and MMSE scores and serum 8-OHdG and serum SAA levels in the 3 groups were negatively correlated, but their SAA and 8-OHdG levels were positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS SAA and 8-OHdG in the MCI and AD groups were highly expressed but had an inverse correlation with cognitive function scores (hereafter referred to as CFs scores). They can also be applied as test indicators of MCI. We also detected an apparent link between SAA and 8-OHdG.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Aged; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Female; Humans; Male; Neuropsychological Tests; Serum Amyloid A Protein

Adiponectin and 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) are identified as important biomarkers in the pathogenesis process of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Whether adiponectin and 8-OHdG have a relation to cognitive decline in the elderly T2DM patients has been poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adiponectin and 8-OHdG in the elderly patients with T2DM and to determine the role of adiponectin and 8-OHdG in the cognitive impairment of the elderly patients with T2DM.. 57 individuals were recruited and analyzed , with 26 cases of T2DM without cognitive impairment and 31 cases of T2DM with cognitive impairment. All of them underwent an examination of diabetes scales and blood glucose at different times. A primary diagnosis of diabetes was in line with the diagnosis criteria set by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Statistical significance was defined as a P-value of less than 0.05.. The variables of sex, age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, lacunar cerebral infarction, smoking and drinking in T2DM patients without cognitive impairment and with cognitive impairment showed no difference according to the univariate analysis exploring each variable separately (p>0.05). A significant difference was observed in the serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG and the scales of MMSE and MoCA (p<0.05). Therefore, it was inferred that there is no correlation between glucose metabolic value and cognitive outcome of T2DM patients. Serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG could act as biomarkers of cognitive impairment degree in the elderly T2DM patients.. Serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG could act as specific and sensitive biomarkers for the early diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment in elderly T2DM patients. Serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG have a close relation to the neurological cognitive outcome of the elderly T2DM patients.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Adiponectin; Aged; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Cognitive Dysfunction; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Glucose; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is an increasingly prevalent sequel after stroke that may associate with poor functional outcome and increased risk of recurrent stroke. We aimed to explore the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and the presence of PSCI. 193 first-ever acute ischaemic stroke patients were consecutively enrolled in the current study. The oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxydeoxyquanosine (8-OHdG) were measured within 24 h after admission. Cognition function was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at 1 month after stroke. Serum levels of 8-OHdG and MDA were both significantly higher in the PSCI (p < 0.001) compared with the non-PSCI group. Both the serum levels of both 8-OHdG and MDA were negatively correlated with the MMSE score. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate 8-OHdG and MDA as markers of a high risk of PSCI and produced area under curve values of 0.700 and 0.793. Adjusted logistic regression showed that serum 8-OHdG and MDA levels remained as independent markers of PSCI. High serum levels of malondialdehyde and 8-OHdG are associated with the presence of PSCI at 1 month after stroke.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Aged; Biomarkers; Cognitive Dysfunction; Deoxyguanosine; Female; Humans; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; ROC Curve; Stroke; Time Factors

Oxidative stress and unhealthy dietary patterns are might correlate with the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients to develop Alzheimer's disease. We explored the association between dietary pattern, plasma and erythrocyte antioxidants levels, and cognitive function in the older Chinese adults.. The present study is a case-control study. A total of 138 MCI patients and 138 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (aged from 55 to 75) were recruited. A food frequency questionnaire method was used for the dietary survey. Peripheral blood and morning spot urine were sampled for parameters detection. Cognitive function of the old subjects was measured by using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test. Antioxidant parameters in plasma, erythrocyte, and urine samples were measured by using the assay kits. Plasma retinol, α-tocopherol, and flavonoids contents were detected by using high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography mass spectrometer methods respectively.. The MCI patients had lower plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than control subjects (P < 0.01). MCI patients consumed less fish and more red meat daily than the controls (P < 0.05). Comparing with controls, lower plasma total antioxidant capacity, α-tocopherol, and higher level of malondialdehyde were detected in the MCI patients (P < 0.05). No significant difference of plasma flavonoids concentration, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities, and urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine content was detected among the MCI and control subjects (P > 0.05).. Lower plasma concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total antioxidant capacity, and α-tocopherol levels, and a dietary pattern that is low in fish and high in red meat might contribute to the cognition impairment in older Chinese adults.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; Alzheimer Disease; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Case-Control Studies; China; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Deoxyguanosine; Diet; Erythrocytes; Female; Flavonoids; Humans; Life Style; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Nutrition Assessment; Oxidative Stress; Red Meat; Seafood; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vitamin A