8-epi-prostaglandin-f2alpha and Bronchitis--Chronic

The global burden of chronic airway diseases represents an important public health concern. The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of these diseases is well known. The aim of this study is to evaluate the behavior of both inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with chronic bronchitis, current asthma and past asthma in the frame of a population-based study.. For this purpose, data collected from the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) Study, an Italian multicentre, multicase-control study, was evaluated. Cases and controls were identified through a two-stage screening process of individuals aged 20-65 years from the general population. Out of 16,569 subjects selected from the general population in the first stage of the survey, 2259 participated in the clinical evaluation. Oxidative stress biomarkers such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), 8-isoprostane and glutathione and inflammatory biomarkers such as Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FENO) and white blood cells were evaluated in 1878 subjects.. Current asthmatics presented higher levels of FENO (23.05 ppm), leucocytes (6770 n/µL), basophils (30.75 n/µL) and eosinophils (177.80 n/µL), while subjects with chronic bronchitis showed higher levels of GSH (0.29 mg/mL) and lymphocytes (2101.6 n/µL). The multivariable multinomial logistic regression confirmed high levels of leucocytes (RRR = 1.33), basophils (RRR = 1.48), eosinophils (RRR = 2.39), lymphocytes (RRR = 1.26) and FENO (RRR = 1.42) in subjects with current asthma. Subjects with past asthma had a statistically significant higher level of eosinophils (RRR = 1.78) with respect to controls. Subjects with chronic bronchitis were characterized by increased levels of eosinophils (RRR = 2.15), lymphocytes (RRR = 1.58), GSH (RRR = 2.23) and 8-isoprostane (RRR = 1.23).. In our study, current asthmatics show a greater expression of the inflammatory profile compared to subjects who have had asthma in the past and chronic bronchitis. On the other hand, chronic bronchitis subjects showed a higher rate of expression of oxidative stress biomarkers compared to asthmatic subjects. In particular, inflammatory markers such as circulating inflammatory cells and FENO seem to be more specific for current asthma, while oxidative stress biomarkers such as glutathione and 8-isoprostane appear to be more specific and applicable to patients with chronic bronchitis.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Adult; Aged; Asthma; Biomarkers; Bronchitis, Chronic; Case-Control Studies; Dinoprost; Female; Glutathione; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Young Adult

Oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke related lung diseases, but longitudinal effects of smoking cessation on oxidant markers in the airways are unknown.. This study included 61 smokers; 21 with chronic bronchitis or COPD, 15 asthmatics and 25 asymptomatic smokers followed up for 3 months after smoking cessation. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), sputum neutrophil counts, sputum 8-isoprostane, nitrotyrosine and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) were investigated at baseline and 1 and 3 months after smoking cessation.. After 3 months 15 subjects had succeeded in quitting of smoking and in these subjects symptoms improved significantly. Unexpectedly, however, sputum neutrophils increased (p = 0.046) after smoking cessation in patients with chronic bronchitis/COPD. At baseline, the other markers did not differ between the three groups so these results were combined for further analysis. Sputum 8-isoprostane declined significantly during the follow-up at 3 months (p = 0.035), but levels still remained significantly higher than in non-smokers. The levels of FeNO, nitrotyrosine and MMP-8 did not change significantly during the 3 months after smoking cessation.. Whilst symptoms improve after smoking cessation, the oxidant and protease burden in the airways continues for months.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Asthma; Bronchitis, Chronic; Dinoprost; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Lung; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Nitric Oxide; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Peptide Hydrolases; Prospective Studies; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Spirometry; Sputum; Young Adult

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) 8-isoprostane levels were found increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the relation between EBC 8-isoprostane and parameters which have a known predictive value in COPD, remains vastly unknown, and so does subsequently its clinical value.. To investigate the relationship between 8-isoprostane level in EBC and clinical parameters, radiological indices and airway inflammation in COPD patients.. We studied 18 COPD patients (all ex-smokers) and 12 healthy controls (5 ex-smokers and 7 never-smokers). All patients underwent clinical evaluation, sputum induction, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax and EBC 8-isoprostane measurement. 8-Isoprostane levels were correlated with markers that reflect disease severity, such as dyspnea severity, FEV(1) (%pred), emphysema changes and bronchiectasis in HRCT. Emphysema was quantified as the percentage of lung area with attenuation values < -950 Hounsfield units.. 8-Isoprostane levels were significantly elevated in EBC of patients with COPD [mean (SE) 18.1 (2) vs. 5.6 (0.7) pg/ml, p = 0.0001], irrespective of lung function impairment. 8-Isoprostane levels were correlated with emphysema score in HRCT (r(2) = 0.43, p = 0.001) as well as with Medical Research Council dyspnea scale score (rho = 0.61, p = 0.005).. Our findings suggest that EBC 8-isoprostane levels may reflect the extension of lung emphysema in COPD patients. In this respect, further investigation is required in order to evaluate the possible role of EBC 8-isoprostane in assessing disease progress in COPD patients.

Topics: Aged; Breath Tests; Bronchitis, Chronic; Case-Control Studies; Dinoprost; Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Emphysema; Radiography; Severity of Illness Index; Sputum

Topics: Breath Tests; Bronchitis, Chronic; Dinoprost; Humans; Phenotype; Pulmonary Emphysema