6-ketoprostaglandin-f1-alpha and Cerebral-Infarction

To investigate the level of plasma tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha(PGF1 alpha), thromboxane B2(TXB2), factor VIII related antigen (VIII R:Ag) in acute cerebral infarction (ACI) patients with different TCM syndrome-type and the therapeutical effect of activating blood stasis (ABS).. Plasma fibrolysin system, prostaglandin system, and VIII R:Ag of 20 healthy subjects and 66 ACI patients were determined. The 45 of 66 cases were treated with ABS randomly and prospectively, 20 cases were treated by difibrase batroboxobin (DF-521), only 25 cases were treated by DF-521 together with Heart-Brain Mixture (HBM), on activating blood stasis mixture, concurrently.. (1) The activity of tPA, ratio of tPA/(tPA + PAI) and level of PGF1 alpha decreased significantly, the level of VIII R:Ag increased remarkably in ACI patients than those of the controlled subjects. (2) Between Differentiation of Deficiency and Excess Syndromes, the level of above index changed more remarkably in the case with Excess Syndrome. Insignificant change of index shown in Deficiency cases except activity of tPA. (3) No more improvement of nerve impairment was shown between group of DF-521 together with HBM and DF-521 alone within 30 days. However, the improvement of index such as level of VIII R:Ag, ratio of tPA/(tPA + PAI) and TXB2/PGF1 alpha showed significant change between the beginning and end of treatment of DF-521 with HBM group.. The vascular endothelial impairment was more serious in ACI patients with Excess than those with Deficiency Syndrome. DF-521 combining with HBM could protect vascular endothelial cells and improve the fibrolytic system and prostaglandin system.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cerebral Infarction; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Plasminogen Inactivators; Thromboxane B2; Tissue Plasminogen Activator

18 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly subdivided into two groups: PGI2-treated group (11 cases) and low-molecular-weight Dextran-treated group (7 cases). Dosage of PGI2 was 2-5 ng/kg/min intravenous drip. Infusion was started within 72 hours after the onset of symptoms. The data showed that the plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels were increased, the plasma TXB2 levels, MAR as well as the scores of neurological deficit were decreased in the PGI2-treated group. The clinical improvement in PGI2-treated group is better than that in the dextran-treated group.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cerebral Infarction; Epoprostenol; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Thromboxane B2

Elucidating action mechanisms of Chinese medicines has remained a challenging task due to the chemical and biological complexity that needs to be resolved. In this study we applied a gene expression data and connectivity map (CMAP) based approach to study action mechanisms of a Chinese medicine Xuesaitong injection (XST) on preventing cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. XST is a standardized patent Chinese medicine of Panax notoginseng roots and it has long been used for the effective prevention and treatment of stroke in China. However, more research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying its effects against ischemic stroke. We first evaluated the effect of XST against ischemic stroke in an ischemia-reperfusion rat animal model and dissected its mechanisms based on gene expression data of injured brain. The results showed that treatment with XST significantly attenuated infarct area and histological damage. Based upon pathway analysis and the CMAP query of microarray data, anti-inflammatory response and anti-platelet coagulation were found as the major mechanisms of XST against stroke, which were further validated in vitro and with pharmacological assays of serum. We demonstrated the feasibility of applying the combination of the microarray with the CMAP in identifying mechanisms of Chinese medicine.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Brain; Cerebral Infarction; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gene Expression Profiling; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Nerve Net; Nitric Oxide; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Platelet Aggregation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RAW 264.7 Cells; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Reproducibility of Results; Saponins; Stroke; Thromboxane B2

To investigate the effects of Qushuanling Capsule ( QSLC) on thrombus formation and platelet aggregation in rats.. Arteriovenous bypass, venous thrombosis, and middle cerebral artery thrombosis models were used in rats to investigate the anti-thrombotic effects of QSLC, a compound of nine Chinese herbs. The platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin or arachidonic acid (AA), as well as the contents of thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) in rat plasma and aortic walls, were determined to investigate the possible mechanisms of the anti-thrombotic effects of QSLC.. After oral administration with QSLC for 7 days, arteriovenous bypass thrombosis was obviously suppressed compared with the model group, venous thrombosis was also obviously suppressed, rat behaviors were obviously improved, and brain infarct size as well as water content were also reduced. The platelet aggregation induced by ADP or thrombin was inhibited by QSLC, but the drug had no effect on AA-induced platelet aggregation and content of TXB(2) and 6-keto-PGF1α in plasma and the aortic wall.. These results suggest that QSLC can be used in the prevention and treatment of thrombotic diseases, and that its mechanism of action may be related to inhibition of platelet aggregation.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Aorta; Cerebral Infarction; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Male; Middle Cerebral Artery; Platelet Aggregation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thrombosis; Thromboxane B2; Venous Thrombosis

The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of injectable caltrop fruit saponin preparation (ICFSP) on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat brain. Rats were injected with ICFSP and then subjected to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Then the neurological deficit score was evaluated by Bederson's method. The infarct size was assessed by TTC staining. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rat cerebrum were measured with kits, and the content of 6 K prostaglandin F1α (6-K-PGF 1α), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and endothelin (ET) in blood plasma was measured by radioimmunoassay. The results demonstrated that ICFSP led to a decrease in infarct size (p < 0.01), neurological deficit score (p < 0.05) and plasma content of TXB2 and ET (p < 0.05), and an increase of the plasma level of 6-K-PGF 1α (p < 0.05) and SOD activity in cerebrum, where the MDA and NO content were decreased. The treatment improved forelimb function. ICFSP showed a similar potency compared to that of Ligustrazine hydrochloride parenteral solution (LHPS) and nimodipine (Nim). We concluded that ICFSP protects the brain damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, and this may be closely related to the regulation of reactive oxygen species (MDA and SOD activity) and NO levels in the rat cerebrum, as well as vasoactive factors in the plasma (6-K-PGF 1α, TXB2 and ET).

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrum; Endothelins; Forelimb; Fruit; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Injections; Male; Malondialdehyde; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Saponins; Superoxide Dismutase; Thromboxane B2; Tribulus

The multiple experimental parameters of different aspects in this study were determined in the patients with "Liver Yang Forming Wind Syndrome (LYFWS)", "Qi Deficiency Blood Stagnation Syndrome (QDBSS)" and "Yin Deficiency Forming Wind Syndrome (YDFWS)". The results showed that cerebral hemorrhage was similar to cerebral infarction in almost all parameters and the two diseases were with LYFWS. It was found that there were several characteristics in LYFWS, i.e. 1. Hyperfunction of sympathetic adrenal medullary system. 2. Hypotriiodothyroidoglobulin syndrome. 3. The marked changes of the active substance regulating vessel smooth muscle function. 4. The increased inflammatory medicators. The pathophysiological parameters in patients with QDBSS were the same as those with YDFWS, but the changes of QDBSS and YDFWS weRe milder than those of LYFWS.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Adult; Aged; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Infarction; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Middle Aged; Norepinephrine; Thromboxane B2

To explore the multiple parameters of TCM Syndrome-types and the acute cerebral infarction (ACI) with blood stasis type.. Sixty-six acute cerebral infarction patients with blood stasis Syndrome, various vascular active factors such as tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), the activity of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), the concentration of prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) etc. were determined.. (1) In Incidental Syndrome, those "Phlegm" and "stasis" predominant, mainly manifested as Wind-Phlegm-Blood stasis (WPBS), Qi deficiency-blood stasis (QDBS) and Phlegm-Heat-bowel excess (PHBE) Syndrome all showed t-PA activity lowered, among them, QDBS Syndrome lowered more obviously (P < 0.01); and in fundamental deficiency predominant Syndrome such as Yin-deficiency and Wind-move (YDWM) Syndrome, the active t-PA content increased (P < 0.05); in Liver Yang ascending (LYA) Syndrome and YDWM Syndrome, the 6-keto-PGF1 alpha lowered very significantly. (2) Through regression analysis, although influencing the severity of acute blood stasis was related with 3 factors (t-PA activity, nervous system defect score and age growth), but single factor linear relationship analysis indicated that did not existed positive-negative relationship. (3) Through statistical analysis, the factor influencing nervous system defect scores was positively related with blood stasis score (r = 0.70, P < 0.01).. (1) The basis of WPBS, QDBS and PHBE Syndrome mainly was fibrinolytic system activity lowering, and YDWM and LYA Syndrome prostaglandin system activity lowering. Comprehensive analysis of multiple parameters would be helpful to differentiate the ACI blood stasis stage. (2) Single parameter would not help to differentiate the types of ACI blood stasis stage, its change merely denoted the existence of blood stasis, its type should be differentiated after comprehensive analysis. (3) Those influencing nervous system scoring, mainly was blood stasis score, which suggested that the importance of activating blood circulation to remove stasis in preventing and treating ACI. (4) Put forward ACI blood stasis, and the quantification for new standard of Syndrome for discussion.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cerebral Infarction; Diagnosis, Differential; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Humans; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Middle Aged; Plasminogen Inactivators; Tissue Plasminogen Activator

Arachidonate metabolites have been implicated in the development of cerebral injury after ischemia. Particular importance has been placed on the balance of thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin I2 because of its regulative activity on platelet functions and arterial tone. The purpose of the present study was to shed light on the role of thromboxane A2 in postischemic brain injury.. We evaluated the effects of S-1452, a novel thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist, on brain edema, infarct areas, and survival rate in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion. A transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model was produced by inserting a piece of silicon-coated nylon thread into the internal carotid artery.. The ratio of plasma thromboxane B2 to 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha significantly rose at 0 hour (P < .05), 1 hour (P < .01), 3 hours (P < .05), and 12 hours (P < .05) and then nearly returned to the normal level at 24 hours after reperfusion following 1-hour occlusion. Pretreatment with S-1452 (5, 10, or 50 mg/kg PO) significantly attenuated the increase in postischemic water content in the cerebral cortex perfused by the anterior cerebral artery and the cerebral cortex perfused by the middle cerebral artery in a dose-dependent manner but slightly attenuated it in the caudate putamen 24 hours after reperfusion following 1-hour occlusion. Pretreatment with S-1452 (10 mg/kg PO) also significantly decreased the areas of infarction in the front parts of the cerebrum. The survival rate of animals after 2 hours of occlusion tended to be improved by treatment with S-1452 (10 mg.kg-1.d-1 PO), although there was no statistical significance.. Our results suggest that thromboxane A2 is closely related to postischemic brain injury in the early phase of recirculation and that S-1452 may have a protective effect on postischemic brain injury.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Body Water; Brain; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Cerebral Infarction; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Thromboxane; Reperfusion Injury; Survival Analysis; Thromboxane A2; Thromboxane B2; Time Factors

The multiple parameters of 3 Subtypes: Ganyang Huafeng Syndrome (GYHFS), Xuexu Shengfeng Syndrome and Yinxu Fengdong Syndrome of Ganfeng Neidong Syndrome were determined for the 1st time. It was found that there were several characteristics in GYHFS. (1) Disturbance of the cerebral blood flow and the damage of brain tissue was manifested by the abnormality of the bulbar conjunctival microcirculation, carotid Doppler ultrasonic determination and brainstem auditory and visual pathway, high blood viscosity, dysmnesia, free radical and lipid peroxidation injury and the changes of Zn, Cu, K and Mg after brain damage. (2) Stress status were expressed by the high plasma levels of cortisol, norepinephrine and epinephrine, decreased serum triiodothyronine level and hyperfunction of sympathetic nerve. (3) The marked changes of the regulating substance of the vessel smooth muscle function including the increased plasma levels of TXB2, TXB2/6-k-PGF1 alpha, and calmodulin, as well as decreased SP, ANP, CGRP. Other 2 subtypes had about the same changes of these parameters, but of milder disorders.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Adult; Aged; Blood Viscosity; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Infarction; Conjunctiva; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Liver Diseases; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Microcirculation; Middle Aged; Thromboxane B2; Trace Elements

It is shown that in patients with cerebral circulatory disorders, the prostacyclin -thromboxane balance is replaced toward the latter one. As a result of nifedipine administration part of the test subjects demonstrate a rise of the content of prostacyclin and a decline of the concentration of thromboxane. This effect of nifedipine is ascertained to be in a good agreement with its action on blood inflow to the brain and platelet aggregation. It is concluded that the efficacy of nifedipine can be raised if it is combined with the drugs that enhance the synthesis of prostacyclins in the body.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Acute Disease; Aged; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Epoprostenol; Humans; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Middle Aged; Nifedipine; Thromboxane A2

By using ELISA and RIA to measure the levels of Beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG), platelet factor 4(PF4), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) in plasma of patients with acute cerebral infarction, the authors found that the levels of beta-TG, PF4 and TXB2 in plasma had significantly increased (P less than 0.01), but the level of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in plasma showed no change (P greater than 0.05). The results of the Ligusticum wallichii (Ligusticum) treatment to the test-group showed that the levels of beta-TG, PF4 and TXB2 in plasma had significantly decreased (P less than 0.01), and the level of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in plasma had significantly increased (P less than 0.05). This suggested that the Ligusticum treatment could effectively inhibit the platelet activation in vivo and correct the TXA2-PGI2 imbalance in blood of the patients. In this study, some new approaches were explored to explain the mechanisms of Ligusticum for preventing and treating cerebral ischemia.

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; beta-Thromboglobulin; Cerebral Infarction; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Factor 4; Thromboxane B2

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Cerebral Infarction; Drug Combinations; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Humans; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Middle Aged; Phenanthrolines; Plant Extracts; Salvia miltiorrhiza; Thromboxane B2

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Aged; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Infarction; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Thromboxane B2