4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and Cholelithiasis

Gallbladder cancer is a common malignancy among women in India. The aetiology of gallbladder carcinoma is still obscure and although numerous factors have been implicated, none has stood the test of time. This study was carried out to evaluate the role of lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) in gallbladder carcinogenesis. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was carried out in 30 bile samples obtained during laparotomy from patients with gallbladder cancer (n = 10), cholelithiasis (n = 10) and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 10). A significantly high concentration of HNE and lower concentration of biliary pH and electrolyte was observed in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder compared with controls and patients with cholelithiasis. A significant correlation was also observed between biliary Na+ and K+ (r = 0.72), biliary Ca2+ and Na+ (r = 0.69) among controls. However, there was no correlation between HNE, electrolytes and pH among cancer patients. An increased concentration of biliary HNE and decreased concentration of electrolytes suggest biliary stasis rather then increased peroxidation in cancer patients.

Topics: Aldehydes; Analysis of Variance; Bile; Calcium; Case-Control Studies; Cholelithiasis; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electrolytes; Gallbladder Neoplasms; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lipid Peroxidation; Potassium; Regression Analysis; Sodium; Statistics, Nonparametric

To assess parameters of lipid peroxidation in bile of patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.. F2-isoprostanes (F2-IPs) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were measured in bile collected during 31 ERCP procedures using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.. In 11 subjects with normal ERCP (controls), bile contained significant amounts of F2-IPs (188 +/- 27 pg/ml) and 4-HNE (37.5 +/- 8.0 ng/ml). In 10 individuals with bile duct stones, there was a 3-fold increase of F2-IPs (523 +/- 129 pg/ml; p < 0.05) and a 2.5-fold increase of 4-HNE (89.6 +/- 18.0 ng/ml; p < 0.05). In 10 patients with various pancreatic diseases, bile F2-IPs were also enhanced (545 +/- 112 pg/ml; p < 0.01). There was no significant change in alpha-tocopherol, whereas beta-carotene was decreased in biliary tract and pancreatic diseases (p < 0.05). Results of serum liver tests were normal with the exception of bilirubin, which was increased together with alkaline phosphatase. Concentrations of total lipids, phospholipids, and cholesterol did not differ significantly between the three groups.. These data provide the first evidence in humans supporting the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of biliary and pancreatic disease.

Topics: Aged; Aldehydes; Analysis of Variance; beta Carotene; Bile; Bile Duct Diseases; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Cholelithiasis; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dinoprost; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Diseases; Vitamin E

Samples of gall bladder bile from patients with and without carcinoma of the gallbladder were examined for lipid peroxidation (free radical oxidation) products. 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) was found in higher concentration in the bile of patients with carcinoma of the gall bladder. There was also a highly significant difference in the concentration of HNE among carcinoma of the gall bladder, cholelithiasis and control group of patients with miscellaneous abdominal disorders. This is the first study of lipid peroxidation in carcinoma of the gall bladder.

Topics: Aldehydes; Analysis of Variance; Bile; Cholelithiasis; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Gallbladder Neoplasms; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Male