3-nitrotyrosine and Mouth-Neoplasms

The prognosis of human cancer depends on the deregulations of many molecular patterns. In recent years, a great interest in the intracellular signaling mechanisms related to nitric oxide (NO)-induced carcinogenesis has appeared, as one of the most preeminent prognostic markers for many types of neoplasms. In this study, we identify the levels of iNOS and nitrotyrosine in the sample of normal oral mucosa (NOM), oral leukoplakia (OL), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).. Quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qPCRs) were utilized to detect the NOS2 levels in fresh-frozen tissue samples of NOM (n = 6), OL (n = 20), and OSCC (n = 15). Moreover, the immunohistochemical method was used to examine the levels of iNOS and nitrotyrosine in 85 cases of OSCC (39 cases without metastases and 46 with metastases), 42 cases of OL, and 16 cases of NOM.. There are rising tendencies in the iNOS mRNA and protein levels during human oral carcinogenesis. Similar findings were obtained in the nitrotyrosine staining. Furthermore, iNOS and nitrotyrosine immunostaining are associated with several clinical-pathological features of OSCC (site, presence of metastasis, staging, recidivism, and survival).. The NO-signaling pathway plays a vital role in the development and progression of human oral dysplastic and neoplastic diseases. Nitrotyrosine was a significant marker for the discrimination of OSCC prognosis and survival.

Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Leukoplakia, Oral; Mouth Neoplasms; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Prognosis; Signal Transduction; Tyrosine

The aim of the study was a determination of the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and its biological markers such as malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and nitrotyrosine in the serum of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity and identification of the relationships between NO and those markers. These studies were performed on patients with SCC of the oral cavity before and after treatment. Griess reaction was used for the estimation of the total concentration of NO in serum. The nitrotyrosine level in serum was assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, and MDA level using a spectrophotometric assay. Higher concentrations of NO in blood serum were determined in patients with stage IV of the disease before treatment in comparison to the control group and patients with stages II and III of the disease. Moreover, higher concentrations of MDA and nitrotyrosine were determined in the serum of patients in all stages of the disease in comparison to healthy people. After treatment, lower concentrations of NO in the serum of patients with stage IV of the disease were observed in comparison to the amounts obtained prior to treatment. In addition, lower levels of nitrotyrosine in the serum of patients with all stages of the disease were recorded, whereas higher concentrations of MDA were determined in these patients in comparison to results obtained before treatment. The compounds formed with the contribution of NO, such as MDA and nitrotyrosine, may lead to cancer progression in patients with SCC of the oral cavity, and contribute to formation of resistance to therapy in these patients as well. Moreover, the lack of a relationship between concentrations of NO and MDA, and between NO and nitrotyrosine in serum suggests that the process of lipid peroxidation and nitration in patients with SCC does not just depend on NO.

Topics: Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mouth Neoplasms; Nitric Oxide; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tyrosine