3-hydroxybutyric acid and Obesity studies

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid: BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver.
3-hydroxybutyric acid : A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics.

Obesity: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"3 ng/mL, means +/- SE), the clinical and metabolic effects of benfluorex (B), a lipid-lowering drug able to improve insulin sensitivity."	9.08	Benfluorex in obese noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients poorly controlled by insulin: a double blind study versus placebo. ( Camisasca, R; Cassisa, C; Pacchioni, M; Piatti, PM; Pontiroli, AE; Pozza, G, 1996)
"Dapagliflozin is a potent and selective sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor which promotes urinary glucose excretion and induces weight loss."	7.78	Weight loss induced by chronic dapagliflozin treatment is attenuated by compensatory hyperphagia in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. ( Cullen, MJ; Devenny, JJ; Godonis, HE; Harvey, SJ; Pelleymounter, MA; Rooney, S, 2012)
"The incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing, and new experimental models are required to investigate the diverse aspects of these polygenic diseases, which are intimately linked in terms of aetiology."	5.37	Effect of trans-fat, fructose and monosodium glutamate feeding on feline weight gain, adiposity, insulin sensitivity, adipokine and lipid profile. ( Al-Mohanna, FA; Bakheet, R; Burrows, J; Collison, KS; Inglis, A; Makhoul, NJ; Milgram, NW; Mondreal, R; Saleh, SM; Zaidi, MZ, 2011)
"3 ng/mL, means +/- SE), the clinical and metabolic effects of benfluorex (B), a lipid-lowering drug able to improve insulin sensitivity."	5.08	Benfluorex in obese noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients poorly controlled by insulin: a double blind study versus placebo. ( Camisasca, R; Cassisa, C; Pacchioni, M; Piatti, PM; Pontiroli, AE; Pozza, G, 1996)
" Routine blood examinations, fructosamine, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), glucagon, adiponectin, and leptin were measured before and after treatment, also water intake, and urinary electrolytes, glucose, and volume."	3.88	Effects of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor velagliflozin, a new drug with therapeutic potential to treat diabetes in cats. ( Clark, M; Hoenig, M; Reiche, D; Schaeffer, DJ, 2018)
" Following weight loss, circulating concentrations of glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), leptin, gastrointestinal hormones and subjective ratings of appetite were compared when subjects were ketotic, and after refeeding."	3.79	Ketosis and appetite-mediating nutrients and hormones after weight loss. ( Delbridge, E; Kriketos, A; Prendergast, LA; Proietto, J; Purcell, K; Shulkes, A; Sumithran, P, 2013)
"Dapagliflozin is a potent and selective sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor which promotes urinary glucose excretion and induces weight loss."	3.78	Weight loss induced by chronic dapagliflozin treatment is attenuated by compensatory hyperphagia in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. ( Cullen, MJ; Devenny, JJ; Godonis, HE; Harvey, SJ; Pelleymounter, MA; Rooney, S, 2012)
"Clinical investigations suggest that hepatotoxicity after acetaminophen (APAP) overdose could be more severe in the context of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease."	3.78	Differences in early acetaminophen hepatotoxicity between obese ob/ob and db/db mice. ( Aubert, J; Begriche, K; Delannoy, M; Fromenty, B; Jaeschke, H; Lepage, S; Lucas-Clerc, C; McGill, MR; Morel, I; Pajaud, J; Ribault, C; Robin, MA; Turlin, B, 2012)
"Fasting increases c-Fos expression in neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) in lean, but not in hyperleptinemic mice with late-onset obesity (LOO)."	3.76	Reduced fasting-induced activation of hypothalamic arcuate neurons is associated with hyperleptinemia and increased leptin sensitivity in obese mice. ( Becskei, C; Lutz, TA; Riediger, T, 2010)
"Whole brain concentrations of 3-hydroxybutyrate, glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been measured in two strains of rats with differing susceptibility to obesity."	3.67	Brain 3-hydroxybutyrate, glutamate, and GABA in a rat model of dietary obesity. ( Bray, GA; Fisler, JS; Shimizu, H, 1989)
"Effects of ketone supplements as well as relevant dose-response relationships and time effects on blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), glucose and insulin are controversial."	3.01	Effects of ketone supplements on blood β-hydroxybutyrate, glucose and insulin: A systematic review and three-level meta-analysis. ( Falkenhain, K; Kong, Z; Little, JP; Nie, J; Shi, Q; Wong, KK; Yu, Q, 2023)
"In cancer patients with hypersplenism-related thrombocytopenia, PSAE is a safe intervention that effects a durable elevation in platelet counts across a range of malignancies and following the re-initiation of chemotherapy."	2.73	( Aasbrenn, M; Abd El-Aty, AM; Abdu, A; Abraha, HB; Achour, A; Acquaroni, M; Addeo, P; Agback, P; Agback, T; Al-Alwan, M; Al-Mazrou, A; Al-Mohanna, F; Aliste, M; Almquist, J; Andel, J; Ando, M; Angelov, A; Annuar, MSM; Antwi, K; Arroliga, AC; Arruda, SLM; Asch, SM; Averous, G; Ayaz, S; Ayer, GB; Bachellier, P; Ball, S; Banijamali, AR; Barden, TC; Bartoncini, S; Bedanie, G; Bellò, M; Benić, F; Berhe, GG; Bertiger, G; Beumer, JH; Bhandari, B; Bond, DS; Boules, M; Braüner Christensen, J; Brown-Johnson, C; Burgstaller, S; Cao, L; Capasso, C; Carlevato, R; Carvalho, AE; Ceci, F; Chagas, ATA; Chavan, SG; Chen, AP; Chen, HC; Chen, J; Chen, Q; Chen, Y; Chen, YF; Christ, ER; Chu, CW; Covey, JM; Coyne, GO'; Cristea, MC; Currie, MG; Dahdal, DN; Dai, L; Dang, Z; de Abreu, NL; de Carvalho, KMB; de la Plaza Llamas, R; Deandreis, D; Del Prete, S; Dennis, JA; Deur, J; Díaz Candelas, DA; Divyapriya, G; Djanani, A; Dodig, D; Doki, Y; Doroshow, JH; Dos Santos, RC; Durairaj, N; Dutra, ES; Eguchi, H; Eisterer, W; Ekmann, A; Elakkad, A; Evans, WE; Fan, W; Fang, Z; Faria, HP; Farris, SG; Fenoll, J; Fernandez-Botran, R; Flores, P; Fujita, J; Gan, L; Gandara, DR; Gao, X; Garcia, AA; Garrido, I; Gebru, HA; Gerger, A; Germano, P; Ghamande, S; Ghebeh, H; Giver Jensen, T; Go, A; Goichot, B; Goldwater, M; Gontero, P; Greil, R; Gruenberger, B; Guarneri, A; Guo, Y; Gupta, S; Haxholdt Lunn, T; Hayek, AJ; He, ML; Hellín, P; Hepprich, M; Hernández de Rodas, E; Hill, A; Hndeya, AG; Holdsworth, LM; Hookey, L; Howie, W; Hu, G; Huang, JD; Huang, SY; Hubmann, E; Hwang, SY; Imamura, H; Imperiale, A; Jiang, JQ; Jimenez, JL; Jin, F; Jin, H; Johnson, KL; Joseph, A; Juwara, L; Kalapothakis, E; Karami, H; Karayağiz Muslu, G; Kawabata, R; Kerwin, J; Khan, I; Khin, S; Kidanemariam, HG; Kinders, RJ; Klepov, VV; Koehler, S; Korger, M; Kovačić, S; Koyappayil, A; Kroll, MH; Kuban, J; Kummar, S; Kung, HF; Kurokawa, Y; Laengle, F; Lan, J; Leal, HG; Lee, MH; Lemos, KGE; Li, B; Li, G; Li, H; Li, X; Li, Y; Li, Z; Liebl, W; Lillaz, B; Lin, F; Lin, L; Lin, MCM; Lin, Y; Lin, YP; Lipton, RB; Liu, J; Liu, W; Liu, Z; Lu, J; Lu, LY; Lu, YJ; Ludwig, S; Luo, Y; Ma, L; Ma, W; Machado-Coelho, GLL; Mahmoodi, B; Mahoney, M; Mahvash, A; Mansour, FA; Mao, X; Marinho, CC; Masferrer, JL; Matana Kaštelan, Z; Melendez-Araújo, MS; Méndez-Chacón, E; Miletić, D; Miller, B; Miller, E; Miller, SB; Mo, L; Moazzen, M; Mohammadniaei, M; Montaz-Rosset, MS; Mousavi Khaneghah, A; Mühlethaler, K; Mukhopadhyay, S; Mulugeta, A; Nambi, IM; Navarro, S; Nazmara, S; Neumann, HJ; Newman, EM; Nguyen, HTT; Nicolato, AJPG; Nicolotti, DG; Nieva, JJ; Nilvebrant, J; Nocentini, A; Nugent, K; Nunez-Rodriguez, DL; Nygren, PÅ; Oberli, A; Oderda, M; Odisio, B; Oehler, L; Otludil, B; Overman, M; Özdemir, M; Pace, KA; Palm, H; Parchment, RE; Parise, R; Passera, R; Pavlovic, J; Pecherstorfer, M; Peng, Z; Pérez Coll, C; Petzer, A; Philipp-Abbrederis, K; Pichler, P; Piekarz, RL; Pilati, E; Pimentel, JDSM; Posch, F; Prager, G; Pressel, E; Profy, AT; Qi, P; Qi, Y; Qiu, C; Rajasekhar, B; Ramia, JM; Raynor, HA; Reis, VW; Reubi, JC; Ricardi, U; Riedl, JM; Romano, F; Rong, X; Rubinstein, L; Rumboldt, Z; Sabir, S; Safaeinili, N; Sala, BM; Sandoval Castillo, L; Sau, M; Sbhatu, DB; Schulte, T; Scott, V; Shan, H; Shao, Y; Shariatifar, N; Shaw, JG; She, Y; Shen, B; Shernyukov, A; Sheth, RA; Shi, B; Shi, R; Shum, KT; Silva, JC; Singh, A; Sinha, N; Sirajudeen, AAO; Slaven, J; Sliwa, T; Somme, F; Song, S; Steinberg, SM; Subramaniam, R; Suetta, C; Sui, Y; Sun, B; Sun, C; Sun, H; Sun, Y; Supuran, CT; Surger, M; Svartz, G; Takahashi, T; Takeno, A; Tam, AL; Tang, Z; Tanner, JA; Tannich, E; Taye, MG; Tekle, HT; Thomas, GJ; Tian, Y; Tobin, JV; Todd Milne, G; Tong, X; Une, C; Vela, N; Venkateshwaran, U; Villagrán de Tercero, CI; Wakefield, JD; Wampfler, R; Wan, M; Wang, C; Wang, J; Wang, L; Wang, S; Waser, B; Watt, RM; Wei, B; Wei, L; Weldemichael, MY; Wellmann, IA; Wen, A; Wild, D; Wilthoner, K; Winder, T; Wing, RR; Winget, M; Wöll, E; Wong, KL; Wong, KT; Wu, D; Wu, Q; Wu, Y; Xiang, T; Xiang, Z; Xu, F; Xu, L; Yamasaki, M; Yamashita, K; Yan, H; Yan, Y; Yang, C; Yang, H; Yang, J; Yang, N; Yang, Y; Yau, P; Yu, M; Yuan, Q; Zhan, S; Zhang, B; Zhang, H; Zhang, J; Zhang, N; Zhang, Y; Zhao, X; Zheng, BJ; Zheng, H; Zheng, W; Zhou, H; Zhou, X; Zhu, S; Zimmer, DP; Zionts, D; Zitella, A; Zlott, J; Zolfaghari, K; Zuo, D; Zur Loye, HC; Žuža, I, 2007)
"However, the exact threshold of ketosis needed to induce appetite suppression, as well as the exact mechanisms that mediate such an effect, has yet to be elucidated."	2.66	Impact of ketosis on appetite regulation-a review. ( Deemer, SE; Martins, C; Plaisance, EP, 2020)
"Obesity is a global health problem caused by genetic, environmental, and psychological factors and is associated with various health disorders."	1.91	Prebiotic effect of poly-D-3-hydroxybutyrate prevents dyslipidemia in obese mice. ( Aihara, N; Kamiie, J; Mishima, M; Mizugaki, H; Nagane, M; Ogata, M; Okamatsu-Ogura, Y; Satoh, T; Shima, A; Suzuki, R; Suzuki, T; Takeda, S; Yamashita, T, 2023)
"Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that regulates appetite and energy expenditure via the hypothalamus."	1.62	Leptin sensitizing effect of 1,3-butanediol and its potential mechanism. ( Ebihara, C; Ebihara, K; Ishibashi, S; Isoda, M; Murakami, A; Nagashima, S; Sawayama, N; Shibuya, K; Takahashi, M; Takei, A; Takei, S; Wakabayashi, T; Yamamuro, D, 2021)
"Ketosis is a metabolic disorder often triggered by anorexia in animals fed on high energy diets."	1.56	Development, diagnosis and therapy of ketosis in non-gravid and non-lactating Guinea pigs. ( Bochmann, M; Clauss, M; Hatt, JM; Hetzel, U; Riond, B; Schmid, NS, 2020)
"Severe hypertriglyceridemia was considered to have been a consequence of impaired insulin action and his apolipoprotein E4/2 phenotype."	1.51	Eruptive xanthomas in a patient with soft-drink diabetic ketosis and apolipoprotein E4/2. ( Aiba, S; Imai, J; Katagiri, H; Kikuchi, K; Kohata, M; Kurosawa, S; Nakajima, T; Satake, C; Sawada, S; Takahashi, K; Takeda, K; Tsuchiya, S, 2019)
"The incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing, and new experimental models are required to investigate the diverse aspects of these polygenic diseases, which are intimately linked in terms of aetiology."	1.37	Effect of trans-fat, fructose and monosodium glutamate feeding on feline weight gain, adiposity, insulin sensitivity, adipokine and lipid profile. ( Al-Mohanna, FA; Bakheet, R; Burrows, J; Collison, KS; Inglis, A; Makhoul, NJ; Milgram, NW; Mondreal, R; Saleh, SM; Zaidi, MZ, 2011)
"Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) tend to loose more lean body mass during both long-term weight reduction and short-term very-low-calorie diet."	1.34	Analysis of factors influencing nitrogen balance during acute starvation in obese subject with and without type 2 diabetes. ( Andel, M; Duska, F; Kubena, A; Mokrejs, P; Tůma, P, 2007)
"Urea levels were highest in controls, and lowest in cafeteria rats fed from day 30, a consequence of the different setting of nitrogen sparing induced by the timing of initiation of cafeteria feeding."	1.29	Long-term effects of cafeteria diet feeding on young Wistar rats. ( Alemany, M; Arola, L; Salvadó, J; Segués, T, 1994)
"Thus, in NIDDM patients, fasting corrects the defect in glycogen storage without modifying the action of insulin on glucose uptake and improves beta-cell responsiveness, the latter two effects being opposite to those observed in nondiabetic subjects."	1.29	Glucose metabolism during the starved-to-fed transition in obese patients with NIDDM. ( Balasse, EO; Féry, F, 1994)
"Furthermore, the occurrence of fasting hypoglycemia necessitates careful monitoring of postnatal blood glucose values."	1.27	Intrauterine growth and postnatal fasting metabolism in infants of obese mothers. ( Dunnington, R; Gross, T; Kliegman, R; Morton, S, 1984)
" However, plasma levels of carnitine and the rate of urinary elimination of carnitine both after treatment and after an acute oral load were increased before and after surgery, indicating that carnitine was well absorbed by the shortened gut."	1.27	Oral L-carnitine administration after jejunoileal by-pass surgery. ( Burget, D; Cleator, I; Frohlich, J; Gourlay, RH; Hahn, P; Seccombe, D, 1984)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	37 (30.08)	18.7374
1990's	23 (18.70)	18.2507
2000's	18 (14.63)	29.6817
2010's	23 (18.70)	24.3611
2020's	22 (17.89)	2.80

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
The Effect of Exogenous Ketone Monoester Supplement on Glycemic Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test[NCT03461068]	Phase 1	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-26	Completed
Ketosis and Appetite Suppression - What is the Maximum Carbohydrate Intake That is Still Associated With Appetite Suppression in a Low Energy Diet?[NCT02944253]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-05-01	Completed
The Effects of Exogenous Ketone Supplementation on Cardiovascular Function and Glucose Control[NCT03817749]		15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-02-06	Completed
A Phase 2 Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial Determir Vs Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) In Pregnant Women: DETERMINE Study[NCT05124457]	Phase 2	336 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-01	Recruiting
Effectiveness of the Treatment With Dapagliflozin and Metformin Compared to Metformin Monotherapy for Weight Loss on Diabetic and Prediabetic Patients With Obesity Class III[NCT03968224]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-07-07	Recruiting
Combined Effects of SGLT2 Inhibition and GLP-1 Receptor Agonism on Food Intake, Body Weight and Central Satiety and Reward Circuits in Obese T2DM Patients[NCT03361098]	Phase 4	65 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-18	Completed
Do Preoperative Carbohydrate Drinks Prevent Preoperative Catabolism in Mothers Undergoing Elective Caesarean Section? A Randomised Controlled Study[NCT03220997]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-08-31	Not yet recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Article	Year
Effects of ketone supplements on blood β-hydroxybutyrate, glucose and insulin: A systematic review and three-level meta-analysis. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 2023, Volume: 52 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Dietary Supplements; Glucose; Humans; Insulin; Ketones; Obesit	2023
Impact of ketosis on appetite regulation-a review. Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.), 2020, Volume: 77 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Appetite Regulation; Body Weight; Diet, Ketogenic; Diet, Reducing; D	2020
Ketogenic diets, physical activity and body composition: a review. The British journal of nutrition, 2022, 06-28, Volume: 127, Issue:12 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Body Composition; Carbohydrates; Diet, Ketogenic; Exercise; Humans; Obesity	2022
Metabolomics-guided insights on bariatric surgery versus behavioral interventions for weight loss. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2016, Volume: 24, Issue:12 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Bariatric Surgery; Behavior Ther	2016
Influence of insulin and glucagon on sodium balance in obese subjects during fasting and refeeding. International journal of obesity, 1981, Volume: 5 suppl 1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Fasting; Food; Glucagon; Hormones; Humans; Hydrox	1981
Ketosis of starvation: a revisit and new perspectives. Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism, 1983, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Acidosis; Animals; Gluconeogenesis; Humans; Hydrogen; Hydroxyb	1983
Accelerated starvation in pregnancy: implications for dietary treatment of obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus. Biology of the neonate, 1987, Volume: 51, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Fasting; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female	1987
Therapeutic results of insulin therapy in gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes, 1985, Volume: 34 Suppl 2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Amino Acids; Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Delivery, Obstetric; F	1985

Article	Year
A ketone monoester drink reduces the glycemic response to an oral glucose challenge in individuals with obesity: a randomized trial. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2019, 12-01, Volume: 110, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Dietary Supplements; Female; Glucagon; Glucagon-Like Pe	2019
Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2007, Aug-27, Volume: 119, Issue:34 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetazolamide; Acrylates; Administration, Intravenous; Adolescent; Adult; Aer	2007
14-Day Ketone Supplementation Lowers Glucose and Improves Vascular Function in Obesity: A Randomized Crossover Trial. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021, 03-25, Volume: 106, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Blood Pressure; Ca	2021
Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Focused on Normalization of Glycemia: A Two-Year Pilot Study. Nutrients, 2021, Feb-26, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Carbohydrate-Res	2021
Association between ketosis and metabolic adaptation at the level of resting metabolic rate. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2021, Volume: 40, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adaptation, Physiological; Adult; Basal Metabolism; Caloric Restriction; Fema	2021
Ascending dose-controlled trial of beloranib, a novel obesity treatment for safety, tolerability, and weight loss in obese women. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2013, Volume: 21, Issue:9 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adiponectin; Aminopeptidases; Anti-Obesity Agents; Aspergillus; Biological Pr	2013
Postprandial metabolism with 1,3-diacylglycerol oil versus equivalent intakes of long-chain and medium-chain triacylglycerol oils. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2009, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Area Under Curve; Blood Glucose; Chylomicrons; Cross-Over Studie	2009
Comparison of a low-fat diet to a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss, body composition, and risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease in free-living, overweight men and women. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2004, Volume: 89, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Me	2004
The influence of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and very low calorie diet during a short-term weight reducing regimen on weight loss and serum fatty acid composition in severely obese women. Physiological research, 2006, Volume: 55, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Caloric Restriction; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Supplements; Docosahexaenoic Aci	2006
Effect of 3-hydroxybutyrate in obese subjects on very-low-energy diets and during therapeutic starvation. Lancet (London, England), 1983, Jan-01, Volume: 1, Issue:8314-5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Administration, Oral; Adult; Body Weight; Brain; Diet, Reducing; Fasting; Fem	1983
Metabolic responses in grossly obese subjects treated with a very-low-calorie diet with and without triiodothyronine treatment. International journal of obesity, 1983, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Diet; Energy Intake; Female; Humans; Hydro	1983
Metabolic effects of carbohydrate in low-calorie diets. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1984, Volume: 33, Issue:9 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Blood Proteins; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydrates;	1984
Metabolic effects of substituting carbohydrate for protein in a low-calorie diet: a prolonged study in obese patients. International journal of obesity, 1981, Volume: 5, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Body Weight; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins;	1981
Protein metabolism during weight reduction with very-low-energy diets: evaluation of the independent effects of protein and carbohydrate on protein sparing. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1995, Volume: 62, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Analysis of Variance; Blood Glucose; Body Compos	1995
Benfluorex in obese noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients poorly controlled by insulin: a double blind study versus placebo. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1996, Volume: 81, Issue:10 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Appetite Depressants; Body Weight; C-Peptide; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mel	1996
A randomised controlled trial of dietary energy restriction in the management of obese women with gestational diabetes. The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology, 2000, Volume: 40, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; Diabetes, Gestational; Diet, Reducing; En	2000
Metabolic effects of suppression of nonesterified fatty acid levels with acipimox in obese NIDDM subjects. Diabetes, 1992, Volume: 41, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Alanine; Blood Glucose; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Ty	1992
Protein metabolic effects of a prolonged fast and hypocaloric refeeding. The American journal of physiology, 1990, Volume: 258, Issue:5 Pt 1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Carbon Isotopes; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietar	1990
Metabolic effects of a single administration of growth hormone on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in normal-weight and obese subjects. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1989, Volume: 50, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adult; Blood Glucose; Carbohydrates; Cholesterol; Fatty Acids,	1989
Mood and appetite during minimal-carbohydrate and carbohydrate-supplemented hypocaloric diets. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1985, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Appetite; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Emo	1985

Article	Year
Leptin sensitizing effect of 1,3-butanediol and its potential mechanism. Scientific reports, 2021, 09-06, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Body Weight; Butylene Glycols; Endoplasmic R	2021
Therapeutic ketosis decreases methacholine hyperresponsiveness in mouse models of inherent obese asthma. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology, 2022, 02-01, Volume: 322, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Asthma; Bronchial Hyperreactivity; Diet, High-Fat; Diet, Ketogenic;	2022
Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Suppresses Hepatic Production of the Ghrelin Receptor Antagonist LEAP2. Endocrinology, 2022, 06-01, Volume: 163, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; Diet, Ketogenic; Ghrelin; Liver; Mi	2022
Beta-hydroxybutyrate dampens adipose progenitors' profibrotic activation through canonical Tgfβ signaling and non-canonical ZFP36-dependent mechanisms. Molecular metabolism, 2022, Volume: 61 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipocytes, Brown; Adipose Tissue, Brown; Adipose Tissue, White; Animals; Fib	2022
Ketogenic Diet Increases Serum and White Adipose Tissue SIRT1 Expression in Mice. International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, Dec-13, Volume: 23, Issue:24 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue; Adipose Tissue, White; Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Diet, Ketogen	2022
Association between Fat-Free Mass Loss, Changes in Appetite, and Weight Regain in Individuals with Obesity. The Journal of nutrition, 2023, Volume: 153, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Appetite; Ghrelin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Peptide YY; Wei	2023
Complementary effects of dapagliflozin and lobeglitazone on metabolism in a diet-induced obese mouse model. European journal of pharmacology, 2023, Oct-15, Volume: 957 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Benzhydryl Compounds; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet	2023
Prebiotic effect of poly-D-3-hydroxybutyrate prevents dyslipidemia in obese mice. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2023, Volume: 37, Issue:9 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Bacteria; Diet, High-Fat; Dyslipidemias; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; M	2023
Ketone ester administration improves glycemia in obese mice. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 2023, 09-01, Volume: 325, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Glucose; Hyperglycemia; Ketones; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mic	2023
Serum metabolomics profiling by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry of the response to single oral macronutrient challenges in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) compared with male and female controls. Biology of sex differences, 2023, 09-22, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Amino Acids; Female; Glucose; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Lysine; Magnetic Re	2023
Melanoma-Time to fast or time to feast? An interplay between PPARs, metabolism and immunity. Experimental dermatology, 2020, Volume: 29, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Animals; Arginine; Cell Nucleus; Humans; Immune System; Immuno	2020
Development, diagnosis and therapy of ketosis in non-gravid and non-lactating Guinea pigs. BMC veterinary research, 2020, Feb-03, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Acetone; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals;	2020
Pre-diagnostic biomarkers of type 2 diabetes identified in the UAE's obese national population using targeted metabolomics. Scientific reports, 2020, 10-19, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Biomarkers; Chromatography, Liqu	2020
An isocaloric moderately high-fat diet extends lifespan in male rats and Drosophila. Cell metabolism, 2021, 03-02, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Dietary Fats; Drosophila; Drosophila Proteins; Fatty Acids, Nonester	2021
Sex-specific effects of ketogenic diet after pre-exposure to a high-fat, high-sugar diet in rats. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2021, 03-10, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adiposity; Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Corticosterone; Diet, High-Fat	2021
Impacts of lipid-related metabolites, adiposity, and genetic background on blood eosinophil counts: the Nagahama study. Scientific reports, 2021, 07-28, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Adiposity; Adult; Aged; Asthma; Blood C	2021
Maternal BMI and Glycemia Impact the Fetal Metabolome. Diabetes care, 2017, Volume: 40, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adiposity; Adult; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; B	2017
Effects of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor velagliflozin, a new drug with therapeutic potential to treat diabetes in cats. Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics, 2018, Volume: 41, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adiponectin; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diabetes Mellitus; Drinking; Electr	2018
Eruptive xanthomas in a patient with soft-drink diabetic ketosis and apolipoprotein E4/2. Endocrine journal, 2019, Jan-28, Volume: 66, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adolescent; Apolipoprotein E2; Apolipoprotein E4; Carbonated B	2019
NMR-based metabolomics and breath studies show lipid and protein catabolism during low dose chronic T(1)AM treatment. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2013, Volume: 21, Issue:12 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Body Weight; Breath Tests; Dietary Proteins; Dose-Response Relations	2013
Ketosis and appetite-mediating nutrients and hormones after weight loss. European journal of clinical nutrition, 2013, Volume: 67, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Appetite Regulation; Body Mass Index; Caloric Restriction; Diet,	2013
Methionine restriction prevents the progression of hepatic steatosis in leptin-deficient obese mice. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2013, Volume: 62, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Diet; Disease Progression; Fatty Acids; F	2013
Inter-relationships among diet, obesity and hippocampal-dependent cognitive function. Neuroscience, 2013, Dec-03, Volume: 253 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adiposity; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cognition; Conditioning, Clas	2013
Post-exercise changes of beta hydroxybutyrate as a predictor of weight changes. Physiological research, 2014, Volume: 63, Issue:Suppl 2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Biomarkers; Exercise Therapy; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Obesity; Ti	2014
Role of VMH ketone bodies in adjusting caloric intake to increased dietary fat content in DIO and DR rats. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2015, May-15, Volume: 308, Issue:10 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Calcium; Diet, High-Fat; Energy Intake; Glucose; Ketone Bodies; Male	2015
Metabolite profiling in plasma and tissues of ob/ob and db/db mice identifies novel markers of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia, 2015, Volume: 58, Issue:9 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Fatty Acids; Gas Chromato	2015
Obesity-driven prepartal hepatic lipid accumulation in dairy cows is associated with increased CD36 and SREBP-1 expression. Research in veterinary science, 2016, Volume: 107 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; CD36 Antigens; Fatty Acids;	2016
[Role of apoptosis and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in glucolipotoxicity-induced islet beta-cell dysfunction]. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University, 2008, Volume: 28, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Apoptosis; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Glucose; Glucose Tolerance Te	2008
Impaired hepatic ketogenesis in moderately obese men with hypertriglyceridemia. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research, 2009, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Biomarkers; Fatty Acids; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; Liver; Male; Middle Ag	2009
Soraphen, an inhibitor of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase system, improves peripheral insulin sensitivity in mice fed a high-fat diet. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2009, Volume: 11, Issue:10 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; Animals; Cholesterol; Diet; Dietary Fats; Glucose Cla	2009
High dietary fat exacerbates weight gain and obesity in female liver fatty acid binding protein gene-ablated mice. Lipids, 2010, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Absorptiometry, Photon; Acyl-CoA Oxidase; A	2010
Mice deficient in group VIB phospholipase A2 (iPLA2gamma) exhibit relative resistance to obesity and metabolic abnormalities induced by a Western diet. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2010, Volume: 298, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Cholesterol; Dietary Fats; Fatty Ac	2010
Reduced fasting-induced activation of hypothalamic arcuate neurons is associated with hyperleptinemia and increased leptin sensitivity in obese mice. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2010, Volume: 299, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Blood Glucose; Dietary Fats; Diseas	2010
Greater dietary fat oxidation in obese compared with lean men: an adaptive mechanism to prevent liver fat accumulation? American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2010, Volume: 299, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Apolipoproteins B; Area Under Curve; C-Reactive	2010
Postprandial lipid-related metabolites are altered in dogs fed dietary diacylglycerol and low glycemic index starch during weight loss. The Journal of nutrition, 2010, Volume: 140, Issue:10 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Cholesterol; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats; Diglycerides; Dog	2010
Effect of trans-fat, fructose and monosodium glutamate feeding on feline weight gain, adiposity, insulin sensitivity, adipokine and lipid profile. The British journal of nutrition, 2011, Volume: 106, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipokines; Adipose Tissue; Adiposity; Animals; Bioma	2011
Weight loss induced by chronic dapagliflozin treatment is attenuated by compensatory hyperphagia in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2012, Volume: 20, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Benzhydryl Compounds; Blood Glucose; Caloric Re	2012
Weight loss induced by chronic dapagliflozin treatment is attenuated by compensatory hyperphagia in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2012, Volume: 20, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Benzhydryl Compounds; Blood Glucose; Caloric Re	2012
Weight loss induced by chronic dapagliflozin treatment is attenuated by compensatory hyperphagia in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2012, Volume: 20, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Benzhydryl Compounds; Blood Glucose; Caloric Re	2012
Weight loss induced by chronic dapagliflozin treatment is attenuated by compensatory hyperphagia in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2012, Volume: 20, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Benzhydryl Compounds; Blood Glucose; Caloric Re	2012
Differences in early acetaminophen hepatotoxicity between obese ob/ob and db/db mice. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2012, Volume: 342, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetaminophen; Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cytochrome P-	2012
Metabolomic profilings of urine and serum from high fat-fed rats via 1H NMR spectroscopy and pattern recognition. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2013, Volume: 169, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Choline; Citric Acid; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dietary	2013
Effect of fasting on vascular contractility in lean and obese Zucker rats. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2003, Volume: 22, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Epinephrine	2003
Metabolic and hormonal responses to exercise in the anti-obese Lou/C rats. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2004, Volume: 28, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Caloric Restriction; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glyc	2004
Urinary ketones reflect serum ketone concentration but do not relate to weight loss in overweight premenopausal women following a low-carbohydrate/high-protein diet. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2005, Volume: 105, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Biomarkers; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; F	2005
Combined effects of oleoyl-estrone and a beta3-adrenergic agonist (CL316,243) on lipid stores of diet-induced overweight male Wistar rats. Life sciences, 2005, Sep-02, Volume: 77, Issue:16 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Glucose; Dioxo	2005
Ketone body metabolism in lean and obese women. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2005, Volume: 54, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Body Weight; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Fatty Acids; Female; Humans; Keton	2005
Individual igf-I responsiveness to a fixed regimen of low-dose growth hormone replacement is increased with less variability in obese compared to non-obese adults with severe growth hormone deficiency. Hormone research, 2006, Volume: 65, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Carrier Proteins; Cohort Studies; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female;	2006
Time course of the development of non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis in response to high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. The British journal of nutrition, 2006, Volume: 95, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Diet; Dietary Fats; Energy Intake; Fatty Acids, None	2006
Analysis of factors influencing nitrogen balance during acute starvation in obese subject with and without type 2 diabetes. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2007, Volume: 26, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue; Area Under Curve; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Calorimetr	2007
"Accelerated starvation" and the skipped breakfast in late normal pregnancy. Lancet (London, England), 1982, Mar-13, Volume: 1, Issue:8272 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Alanine; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Fasting; Fatty Acids, Nonesterifie	1982
3-Hydroxybutyrate to conserve protein during therapeutic starvation. Lancet (London, England), 1983, Feb-19, Volume: 1, Issue:8321 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Fasting; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Ketone Bodies; Nitrogen; Obesity; Proteins	1983
Effect of long-term fasting of obese patients on pancreatic exocrine function, gastrointestinal hormones and bicarbonate concentration in plasma. Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie, 1984, Volume: 22, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Amylases; Bicarbonates; Cholecystokinin; Fasting; Fatty Acids, Noneste	1984
Intrauterine growth and postnatal fasting metabolism in infants of obese mothers. The Journal of pediatrics, 1984, Volume: 104, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Fasting; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified	1984
Effect of long-term starvation on acetate and ketone body metabolism in obese patients. European journal of clinical investigation, 1984, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetates; Acetic Acid; Acetoacetates; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Humans; Hyd	1984
Specific depletion of body fat in parabiotic partners of tube-fed obese rats. The American journal of physiology, 1984, Volume: 247, Issue:2 Pt 2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Corticosterone; Energy I	1984
Ketone body kinetics in humans: the effects of insulin-dependent diabetes, obesity, and starvation. Journal of lipid research, 1984, Volume: 25, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adolescent; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoaci	1984
Oral L-carnitine administration after jejunoileal by-pass surgery. International journal of obesity, 1984, Volume: 8, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Carnitine; Fasting; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyra	1984
A metabolic ward study of a high protein, very-low-energy diet. International journal of obesity, 1983, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Body Weight; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Proteins; Electrocardiography; Fe	1983
[Metabolic effect of glucagon in obese individuals. II. Effect on the levels of nonesterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyric acid in the blood]. Casopis lekaru ceskych, 1983, Nov-04, Volume: 122, Issue:44 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glucagon; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates	1983
The gastro-entero-pancreatic hormone response to fasting in obesity. Diabetologia, 1981, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Fasting; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Glucagon; G	1981
Modulation of leucine oxidation and turnover by graded amounts of carbohydrate intake in obese subjects. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1982, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Amino Acids; Blood Glucose; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydrates; Fem	1982
Effect of fasting on the disappearance of injected alanine and 3-hydroxybutyrate in obese subjects. Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 1982, Volume: 62, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Alanine; Blood Glucose; Fasting; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Hydr	1982
Influence of sex and obesity on plasma catecholamine response to isometric exercise. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1982, Volume: 55, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Pressure; Epinephrine; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Heart	1982
Neurotensin decreases with fasting in the ventromedian nucleus of obese Zucker rats. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1995, Volume: 44, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Eating; Fasting; Genotype; Hydroxybutyra	1995
Peripheral 3-hydroxybutyrate and food intake in a model of dietary-fat induced obesity: effect of vagotomy. Physiology & behavior, 1995, Volume: 58, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue, Brown; Animals; Appetite Regulation; Body Weight; Brain; Diet	1995
Insulin regulation of glucose turnover and lipid levels in obese children with fasting normoinsulinaemia. Diabetologia, 1995, Volume: 38, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Analysis of Variance; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; C-Peptide; Child; Fatty	1995
Long-term effects of cafeteria diet feeding on young Wistar rats. Biochemistry and molecular biology international, 1994, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Aging; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Diet; Female; Glycerol; Hydroxybu	1994
Glucose metabolism during the starved-to-fed transition in obese patients with NIDDM. Diabetes, 1994, Volume: 43, Issue:12 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Fasting;	1994
Moderate diet restriction alters the substrate and hormone response to exercise. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 1994, Volume: 26, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Carbohydrate	1994
Effect of fasting on serum leptin in normal human subjects. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1996, Volume: 81, Issue:9 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyra	1996
Responses of leptin to short-term fasting and refeeding in humans: a link with ketogenesis but not ketones themselves. Diabetes, 1996, Volume: 45, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Blood Glucose; Eating; Fasting;	1996
Alterations of plasma lactate and glucose metabolism in obese children. The American journal of physiology, 1996, Volume: 271, Issue:5 Pt 1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Calorimetry, Indirect; Carbon Isotopes; Child; Child, Preschoo	1996
Prolonged oral glucose tolerance test combined with indirect calorimetry and estimation of several substrates and hormones in obese subjects. Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica, 1993, Volume: 39, Issue:1-4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Calorimetry, Indirect; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Fema	1993
Influence of human obesity on the metabolic fate of dietary long- and medium-chain triacylglycerols. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1998, Volume: 67, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Calorimetry, Indirect; Chylomicrons; Dietary Fats; Fatt	1998
3-Hydroxybutyrate inhibits noradrenaline-induced thermogenesis in lean but not in obese Zucker rats. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 1998, Volume: 22, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Temperature Regulation; Hydroxybutyrates; Infusi	1998
Acute lowering of plasma fatty acids lowers basal insulin secretion in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes, 1998, Volume: 47, Issue:10 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Aged; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Emulsions; Fat Emulsions, Int	1998
The effect of pivalate treatment of pregnant rats on body mass and insulin levels in the adult offspring. Life sciences, 2001, Aug-31, Volume: 69, Issue:15 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blood Glucose; Carnitine; Female; Hyperinsulinism;	2001
Dietary L-carnitine supplementation in obese cats alters carnitine metabolism and decreases ketosis during fasting and induced hepatic lipidosis. The Journal of nutrition, 2002, Volume: 132, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Carnitine; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dietary Supplements; Fasting; Fatty A	2002
Resistance to ketosis in moderately obese patients: influence of fatty liver. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 1992, Volume: 31, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Epinephrine; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Fatty Liver; F	1992
Impaired activation of skeletal muscle glycogen synthase in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is unrelated to the degree of obesity. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1991, Volume: 40, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; C-Peptide; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Fasting; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Fe	1991
Carbohydrate tolerance improves with fasting in obese subjects with noninsulin-dependent (type II) diabetes. The American journal of the medical sciences, 1990, Volume: 299, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; C-Peptide; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	1990
Impaired plasma catecholamine response to submaximal treadmill exercise in obese women. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1990, Volume: 39, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Epinephrine; Fatty Ac	1990
Nutritional status affects renal 3-methylhistidine handling in humans. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1990, Volume: 39, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Amino Acids; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Energy Intake; F	1990
Ketone body utilization for lipogenesis in the perfused liver of the obese Zucker rat. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 1990, Volume: 22, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Animals; Fatty Acids; Genotype; Hydroxybutyrates; Ketone Bodie	1990
Metabolic response to short term starvation in non-pregnant and late pregnant cafeteria-obese rats. Archives internationales de physiologie et de biochimie, 1989, Volume: 97, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Animals; Blood Glucose; Female; Fetal Blood; Glycerol; Hydroxy	1989
Effect of carbohydrate refeeding on free fatty acids after a fast in obese diabetic and obese non-diabetic females. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1989, Volume: 38, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Administration, Oral; Adult; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Dietary Carboh	1989
Brain 3-hydroxybutyrate, glutamate, and GABA in a rat model of dietary obesity. Physiology & behavior, 1989, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Corticosterone; Dietary Fats;	1989
Severe metabolic acidosis induced in a patient during fasting by KCl administration. Clinical and investigative medicine. Medecine clinique et experimentale, 1988, Volume: 11, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acidosis; Adolescent; Ammonia; Bicarbonates; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hydroxy	1988
Intracerebroventricular infusions of 3-OHB and insulin in a rat model of dietary obesity. The American journal of physiology, 1988, Volume: 255, Issue:6 Pt 2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue, Brown; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cerebral Ventricles; Dietary F	1988
Effects of aerobic exercise on energy expenditure and nitrogen balance during very low calorie dieting. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1988, Volume: 37, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aerobiosis; Basal Metabolism; Body Weight; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Car	1988
Effects of massive obesity on insulin sensitivity and insulin clearance and the metabolic response to insulin as assessed by the euglycemic clamp technique. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1986, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; C-Peptide; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Glycerol	1986
Branched-chain amino acid administration in surgical patients. Effects on amino acid and fuel substrate profiles. Archives of surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1987, Volume: 122, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Blood Glucose; Fatty Acids,	1987
Decreased ketonaemia in the monosodium glutamate-induced obese rats. Life sciences, 1986, Jun-02, Volume: 38, Issue:22 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cholesterol; Fatty Acids, Nonesterifie	1986
Brain uptake of ketones in rats with differing susceptibility to dietary obesity. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1987, Volume: 36, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Biological Transport; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Dietary Fats; Fema	1987
Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal is not increased in anorexia nervosa. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1985, Volume: 60, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Alanine; Anorexia Nervosa; Blood Glucose; Female; Humans;	1985
Effect of dietary fat, carbohydrate, and protein on branched-chain amino acid catabolism during caloric restriction. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1985, Volume: 76, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Blood Glucose; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydr	1985
Acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate kinetics in obese and insulin-dependent diabetic humans. The American journal of physiology, 1985, Volume: 248, Issue:5 Pt 2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic	1985

3-hydroxybutyric acid and Obesity

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (123)

Authors

Clinical Trials (7)

Trial Overview

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

Authors	Studies
Isoda, M	1
Ebihara, K	1
Sawayama, N	1
Murakami, A	1
Ebihara, C	1
Shibuya, K	1
Takei, A	1
Takei, S	1
Wakabayashi, T	1
Yamamuro, D	1
Takahashi, M	2
Nagashima, S	1
Ishibashi, S	1
Mank, MM	1
Reed, LF	1
Walton, CJ	1
Barup, MLT	1
Ather, JL	1
Poynter, ME	1
Holm, S	1
Husted, AS	1
Skov, LJ	1
Morville, TH	1
Hagemann, CA	1
Jorsal, T	1
Dall, M	1
Jakobsen, A	1
Klein, AB	1
Treebak, JT	1
Knop, FK	1
Schwartz, TW	1
Clemmensen, C	1
Holst, B	1
Lecoutre, S	1
Merabtene, F	1
El Hachem, EJ	1
Gamblin, C	1
Rouault, C	1
Sokolovska, N	1
Soula, H	1
Lai, WS	1
Blackshear, PJ	1
Clément, K	1
Dugail, I	1
Tozzi, R	1
Campolo, F	1
Baldini, E	1
Venneri, MA	1
Lubrano, C	1
Ulisse, S	1
Gnessi, L	1
Mariani, S	1
Martins, C	3
Nymo, S	1
Coutinho, SR	1
Rehfeld, JF	1
Hunter, GR	2
Gower, BA	2
Yu, Q	1
Falkenhain, K	1
Little, JP	3
Wong, KK	1
Nie, J	1
Shi, Q	1
Kong, Z	1
Lee, YK	1
Oh, TJ	1
Lee, JI	1
Choi, BY	1
Cho, HC	1
Jang, HC	1
Choi, SH	1
Mishima, M	1
Takeda, S	1
Nagane, M	1
Suzuki, T	1
Ogata, M	1
Shima, A	1
Aihara, N	1
Kamiie, J	1
Suzuki, R	1
Mizugaki, H	1
Okamatsu-Ogura, Y	1
Satoh, T	1
Yamashita, T	1
Tabatabaei Dakhili, SA	1
Yang, K	1
Locatelli, CAA	1
Saed, CT	1
Greenwell, AA	1
Chan, JSF	1
Chahade, JJ	1
Scharff, J	1
Al-Imarah, S	1
Eaton, F	1
Crawford, PA	1
Gopal, K	1
Mulvihill, EE	1
Ussher, JR	1
Escobar-Morreale, HF	1
Martínez-García, MÁ	1
Insenser, M	1
Cañellas, N	1
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