3-hydroxybutyric acid and Acidosis, Diabetic studies

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid: BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver.
3-hydroxybutyric acid : A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"In the diabetic ketoacidosis series, treatment with either alkali resulted in deterioration of mean arterial blood pressure and substantial elevation of blood lactate, despite a significant rise in myocardial intracellular pH determined by 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy."	5.29	Haemodynamic and metabolic effects in diabetic ketoacidosis in rats of treatment with sodium bicarbonate or a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate. ( Beech, JS; Cohen, RD; Evans, SJ; Going, TC; Iles, RA; Nolan, KM; Williams, SC, 1995)
" The method quantifies glycolic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid with good linearity and pyroglutamic acid with a reproducible curvature relation between 1 and 20 mmol/L and can help the clinician distinguish effectively between ethylene glycol poisoning, alcoholic and diabetic ketoacidosis and cysteine deficiency so early that it will have clinical consequences."	3.85	Beta-hydroxybutyrate and pyroglutamate can be included in a rapid GC-MS screening method for differential diagnosis of metabolic acidosis. ( Føreid, S; Gadeholt, G, 2017)
" Five case reports are presented pertaining to diabetic ketoacidosis in an adult who was not known to suffer from diabetes and in presence of multiple psychotropic substances; fatal flecainide intoxication in a poor metabolizer also presenting an impaired renal function; diabetic ketoacidosis showing severe postmortem changes; primary aldosteronism presented with intracranial hemorrhage and hypothermia showing severe postmortem changes."	3.78	Usefulness of postmortem biochemistry in forensic pathology: illustrative case reports. ( Augsburger, M; Lesta, Mdel M; Mangin, P; Palmiere, C; Sabatasso, S; Sporkert, F, 2012)
"Data from 191 post-mortem cases where post-mortem blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) and acetone concentrations and vitreous humor glucose concentrations (where available) had been measured were retrospectively investigated to determine the markers required to identify and distinguish between Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA), Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)."	3.78	Investigation of markers to indicate and distinguish death due to alcoholic ketoacidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state using post-mortem samples. ( Andrews, R; Dhillo, W; Hockenhull, J; Paterson, S, 2012)
"The plasma concentration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) is increased in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in man and the rat."	3.67	Possible mechanisms responsible for the rise in plasma vasopressin associated with diabetic ketoacidosis in the rat. ( Baylis, PH; Charlton, JA; Thompson, CJ, 1988)
"Rather than during illness while diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is developing, we aimed to determine if levels of routine point-of-care capillary blood ketones could predict future DKA."	3.30	Point-of-Care Capillary Blood Ketone Measurements and the Prediction of Future Ketoacidosis Risk in Type 1 Diabetes. ( Bakhsh, A; Bapat, P; Budhram, D; Cherney, DZI; Dhaliwal, S; Fralick, M; Ivers, NM; Lovblom, LE; Mumford, D; Perkins, BA; Scarr, D; Song, C; Tomlinson, G; Verhoeff, NJ; Weisman, A, 2023)
"In patients with type 1 diabetes, confirmed DKA incidence increased when sotagliflozin was added to insulin compared with insulin alone."	2.94	Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Related Events With Sotagliflozin Added to Insulin in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of the inTandem 1 and 2 Studies. ( Banks, P; Danne, T; Davies, MJ; Dhatariya, K; Jiang, W; Kushner, JA; Lapuerta, P; McGuire, DK; Peters, AL; Rodbard, HW; Sawhney, S, 2020)
"Nine individuals with type 1 diabetes from a previously published cohort were investigated twice at Aarhus University Hospital using a 120 min infusion of insulin (3."	2.84	Metabolic effects of insulin in a human model of ketoacidosis combining exposure to lipopolysaccharide and insulin deficiency: a randomised, controlled, crossover study in individuals with type 1 diabetes. ( Jessen, N; Kampmann, U; Møller, N; Rittig, N; Svart, MV; Voss, TS, 2017)
"Systems that suspend basal insulin for 2 h are safe and do not lead to clinically significant ketonemia even if the blood glucose level is elevated at the time of the suspension."	2.79	Safety of nighttime 2-hour suspension of Basal insulin in pump-treated type 1 diabetes even in the absence of low glucose. ( Carria, L; Cengiz, E; Michaud, C; Palau Collazo, M; Sherr, JL; Steffen, AT; Tamborlane, WV; Tichy, E; Weinzimer, SA; Weyman, K; Zgorski, M, 2014)
"Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in the intensive care unit was associated with 39% higher hospitalization charges than was treatment with subcutaneous lispro in a non-intensive care setting ($14,429 +/- $5243 vs."	2.71	Efficacy of subcutaneous insulin lispro versus continuous intravenous regular insulin for the treatment of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Cuervo, R; E Kitabchi, A; Freire, AX; Latif, K; Park, L; Stoever, J; Umpierrez, GE, 2004)
"During 3 months 45 patients with type 1 diabetes since 1-10 years old (mean 4."	2.70	When should determination of ketonemia be recommended? ( Ludvigsson, J; Samuelsson, U, 2002)
"A complication of diabetes is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which if left untreated is a life threatening condition."	2.53	Evaluation of the Accuracy of Capillary Hydroxybutyrate Measurement Compared with Other Measurements in the Diagnosis of Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Systematic Review. ( Brooke, J; Ojo, O; Stiell, M, 2016)
"Diabetic ketoacidosis is a life-threatening complication of Type 1 diabetes."	2.49	Blood β-hydroxybutyrate vs. urine acetoacetate testing for the prevention and management of ketoacidosis in Type 1 diabetes: a systematic review. ( Craig, ME; Klocker, AA; Phelan, H; Twigg, SM, 2013)
" Some patients have inadvertently dosed or overdosed while awake or during sleep, causing fatal outcome in rare cases."	2.43	Hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis with insulin pump therapy in children and adolescents. ( Hanas, R; Ludvigsson, J, 2006)
"However, the degree of ketosis seen is much lower than we expected, and significantly lower than the level typically associated with diabetic ketoacidosis."	1.91	Type 1 diabetes and low carbohydrate diets-Defining the degree of nutritional ketosis. ( Dyson, P; Karpe, F; Matheou, M; Ozoran, H; Tan, GD, 2023)
"Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis is a metabolic condition characterized by relative euglycemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis that occurs through mechanisms resembling starvation."	1.91	Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) after pancreaticoduodenectomy: An under-recognized metabolic abnormality with outcome implications. ( Bowne, WB; Kavanagh, TR; Krampitz, GW; Lavu, H; Nevler, A; Rshaidat, H; Sholevar, C; Swaminathan, V; Torjani, A; Xiao, K; Yeo, CJ; Yudkoff, C, 2023)
"Originally described in diabetic ketoacidosis, renal vacuoles can be found in other ketogenic states such as alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA), starvation, and hypothermia, underpinned by deranged fatty acid metabolism."	1.91	Subnuclear renal tubular vacuoles in alcohol use disorder. ( Auld, FM; Milroy, CM; Parai, JL, 2023)
"Diabetic ketoalkalosis is a common yet easily overlooked alkalemic variant of DKA associated with mixed acid-base disorders, and a high proportion of these presentations have severe ketoacidosis and thus, require the same treatment as traditional DKA."	1.91	Diabetic Ketoalkalosis: A Common Yet Easily Overlooked Alkalemic Variant of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated with Mixed Acid-Base Disorders. ( Cao, S, 2023)
"This study has applied existing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) BOHB diagnostic thresholds and the recommended rates of fall in BOHB concentrations during DKA treatment to establish pragmatic APSs for BOHB testing."	1.91	Establishing Pragmatic Analytical Performance Specifications for Blood Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Testing. ( Atkin, SL; Butler, AE; Kilpatrick, ES; Sacks, DB, 2023)
"Diabetes mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Point-of-care testing, Ketosis, Urine ketones, Acetoacetates."	1.72	Comparing Finger-stick Βeta-hydroxybutyrate with Dipstick Urine Tests in the Detection of Ketone Bodies in the Diagnosis of Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. ( Baloch, SH; Gowa, M; Ibrahim, M; Lohano, PD; Raza, SJ, 2022)
"Patients with diabetic ketosis may suffer from glomerular and tubular injuries that recover after ketosis control."	1.72	Beta-Hydroxybutyric Acid Inhibits Renal Tubular Reabsorption via the AKT/DAB2/Megalin Signalling Pathway. ( Chang, B; Cui, X; Gao, Z; Li, X; Li, Y; Meng, C; Shan, C; Song, Q; Wang, J; Yang, J; Zuo, M, 2022)
"We reviewed episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis from 79 diabetes patients (one episode per patient)."	1.72	Hyperlactatemia in diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Brooks, GA; Lazar, AA; Masharani, U; Strycker, LA; Wu, K, 2022)
"Differences in biochemical parameters of diabetic ketoacidosis in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) has not been established."	1.62	Biochemical Parameters of Diabetes Ketoacidosis in Patients with End-stage Kidney Disease and Preserved Renal Function. ( Albury, B; Galindo, RJ; Pasquel, FJ; Perez-Guzman, C; Umpierrez, GE; Vellanki, P; Zambrano, C; Ziduo, Z, 2021)
"There were 23 admissions for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperosmolar state."	1.51	The Significance of an Increased Beta-Hydroxybutyrate at Presentation to the Emergency Department in Patients with Diabetes in the Absence of a Hyperglycemic Emergency. ( Chiew, AL; Depczynski, B; Lee, ATK; Varndell, W, 2019)
" The pediatricians reported two limitations about blood 3HB dosage compared to the urinary test: the invasiveness of capillary blood collection, and the cost of supplies for finger pricking, reagent strips and reflectance meter."	1.51	Clinical utility of beta-hydroxybutyrate measurement in the management of physiological ketosis at home in children under 5. ( Di Mauro, D; Dodi, I; Fainardi, V; Fanelli, U; Incerti, T; Iovane, B; Mastrorilli, C; Scarabello, C; Tchana, B; Vanelli, M; Veronese, P, 2019)
"Diabetic ketoacidosis is defined as hyperglycemia >250 mg/dL with metabolic acidosis of arterial pH <7."	1.51	Ketoacidosis in Euglycemic Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Abdominal Surgery. ( Bennett, A; Geehan, D; Moncure, M; Segebrecht, R; Van Way, CW; Weide, L, 2019)
"The eruptive xanthoma lesions gradually diminished in size and number and eventually disappeared by 12 months."	1.51	Eruptive xanthomas in a patient with soft-drink diabetic ketosis and apolipoprotein E4/2. ( Aiba, S; Imai, J; Katagiri, H; Kikuchi, K; Kohata, M; Kurosawa, S; Nakajima, T; Satake, C; Sawada, S; Takahashi, K; Takeda, K; Tsuchiya, S, 2019)
"Hypothermia and diabetic ketoacidosis are both potentially fatal conditions, which have historically been considered to have associated pathognomonic pathologies."	1.48	Basal Subnuclear Vacuolization, Armanni-Ebstein Lesions, Wischnewsky Lesions, and Elevated Vitreous Glucose and β-Hydroxybuyrate: Is It Hypothermia, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, or Both? ( Garland, J; Kesha, K; Stables, S; Triggs, Y; Tse, R; Yap, Z, 2018)
"Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are uniquely predisposed to mucormycosis, an angioinvasive fungal infection with high mortality."	1.43	Bicarbonate correction of ketoacidosis alters host-pathogen interactions and alleviates mucormycosis. ( Edwards, JE; Filler, SG; French, S; Gebremariam, T; Ibrahim, AS; Kontoyiannis, DP; Lin, L; Liu, M, 2016)
"In human medicine, diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is usually based on measurement of capillary 3-β-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) with a hand held ketone sensor."	1.40	Accuracy of capillary blood 3-β-hydroxybutyrate determination for the detection and treatment of canine diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Bresciani, F; Corradini, S; Fracassi, F; Giunti, M; Pietra, M, 2014)
"In one case diabetic ketoacidosis coexisted with underlying features that might have potentially incapacitated or lead to death on their own, whereas in two cases it corresponded with potentially lethal or lethal drug concentrations."	1.39	Unconsciousness and sedation as precipitating factors of diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Augsburger, M; Lesta, Mdel M; Lobrinus, JA; Palmiere, C; Sabatasso, S; Werner, D, 2013)
"These cases included diabetic ketoacidosis, nondiabetic individuals presenting moderate to severe decompositional changes and nondiabetic medicolegal cases privy of decompositional changes."	1.39	Preliminary results on the postmortem measurement of 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate in liver homogenates. ( Mangin, P; Palmiere, C; Werner, D, 2013)
"Diabetes and alcohol abuse may cause severe metabolic disturbances that can be fatal."	1.39	Assessment of Traub formula and ketone bodies in cause of death investigations. ( Keltanen, T; Lindroos, K; Palo, JU; Partanen, T; Sajantila, A; Valonen, T, 2013)
"16 cases of diabetic ketoacidosis were identified based on the results of all investigations."	1.39	Postmortem diagnosis of unsuspected diabetes mellitus. ( Bardy, D; Mangin, P; Palmiere, C; Werner, D, 2013)
"Vitreous BHB was a marker of diabetic ketoacidosis when above 6."	1.38	Postmortem vitreous beta-hydroxybutyrate: interpretation in a forensic setting. ( Heninger, M, 2012)
"Type 1 diabetes is associated with elevated levels of blood PAI-1 and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence."	1.37	Effects of high glucose and ketosis (acetoacetate, ss-hydroxybutyrate) on PAI-1 secretion in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. ( Jain, SK; Velusamy, T, 2011)
"A high anion gap in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) suggests that some unmeasured anions must contribute to the generation of the anion gap."	1.37	Closing the anion gap: contribution of D-lactate to diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Adeli, K; Krahn, J; Lu, J; Meng, QH; Randell, E; Zello, GA, 2011)
"Several postmortem changes were evident."	1.37	Diagnosis of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus in an autopsy case with postmortem changes. ( Ishii, A; Kaneko, R; Mizutani, T; Yoshimoto, T, 2011)
"Diagnosis and management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) often rely on the measurement of urine ketones along with blood glucose, anion gap, and pH."	1.37	Clinical utility of Abbott Precision Xceed Pro® ketone meter in diabetic patients. ( Agus, M; Kellogg, MD; Yu, HY, 2011)
"From 450 type 2 diabetes mellitus insulin-treated patients attending the ER with a capillary glucose level >13."	1.36	The performance of a glucose-ketone meter in the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis in patients with type 2 diabetes in the emergency room. ( Tentolouris, N; Voulgari, C, 2010)
"Death was, therefore, due to diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by hypothermia."	1.36	Erosive gastritis, Armanni-Ebstein phenomenon and diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Byard, RW; Zhou, C, 2010)
"Alcoholic, starvation, and severe diabetic ketoacidosis (AKA, SKA, and DKA, respectively) may produce beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) in marked excess of acetone (ACET) and acetoacetate (AcAc)."	1.35	Bedside detection of urine beta-hydroxybutyrate in diagnosing metabolic acidosis. ( Hoffman, RS; Manini, AF; Smith, SW; Szekely, T, 2008)
"Current criteria for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are limited by their nonspecificity (serum bicarbonate [HCO(3)] and pH) and qualitative nature (the presence of ketonemia/ketonuria)."	1.35	Can serum beta-hydroxybutyrate be used to diagnose diabetic ketoacidosis? ( Basu, A; Karon, BS; Kudva, YC; Miles, JM; Muller, LA; Schwenk, WF; Sheikh-Ali, M; Xu, J, 2008)
"During diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), serum ketone concentrations markedly increase; however, little is known about whether ketone bodies accumulate in cerebral tissues during DKA."	1.33	Detection of cerebral {beta}-hydroxy butyrate, acetoacetate, and lactate on proton MR spectroscopy in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Barnes, PD; Buonocore, MH; Dicarlo, J; Glaser, N; Kuppermann, N; Marcin, J; Neely, EK; Wootton-Gorges, SL, 2005)
"A total of 18 patients with type 1 diabetes treated by external pump were studied during pump stop for 5 h."	1.32	Accuracy of an electrochemical sensor for measuring capillary blood ketones by fingerstick samples during metabolic deterioration after continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion interruption in type 1 diabetic patients. ( Benichou, M; Bohme, P; Drouin, P; Floriot, M; Fougnot, S; Franck, P; Guerci, B, 2003)
"Olanzapine is an antipsychotic medication linked to the development, or exacerbation of, type 2 diabetes mellitus."	1.32	Fatal olanzapine-induced hyperglycemic ketoacidosis. ( Avella, J; Hahn, T; Katz, M; Wetli, CV; Wilson, JC, 2004)
"In six further cases a diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) was diagnosed as the cause of death."	1.31	Beta-hydroxybutyric acid--an indicator for an alcoholic ketoacidosis as cause of death in deceased alcohol abusers. ( Iten, PX; Meier, M, 2000)
"In the diabetic ketoacidosis series, treatment with either alkali resulted in deterioration of mean arterial blood pressure and substantial elevation of blood lactate, despite a significant rise in myocardial intracellular pH determined by 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy."	1.29	Haemodynamic and metabolic effects in diabetic ketoacidosis in rats of treatment with sodium bicarbonate or a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate. ( Beech, JS; Cohen, RD; Evans, SJ; Going, TC; Iles, RA; Nolan, KM; Williams, SC, 1995)
" A plasma glucose level of 300 mg dl-1 was not achieved until the total dosage of insulin amounted to 91,580 units at hour 25."	1.28	Transient extreme insulin resistance in shock during diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Hasumi, S; Omori, Y; Shimizu, Y; Wasada, T; Yokoyama, H; Yoshino, H, 1992)

Research

Studies (162)

Authors

Clinical Trials (8)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change From Baseline in 2-Item Diabetes Distress Screen 2 (DDS2) Score at Week 24

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	17 (10.49)	18.7374
1990's	13 (8.02)	18.2507
2000's	40 (24.69)	29.6817
2010's	64 (39.51)	24.3611
2020's	28 (17.28)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Akturk, HK	1
Snell-Bergeon, J	1
Pyle, L	1
Fivekiller, E	1
Garg, S	1
Cobry, E	1
Masharani, U	1
Strycker, LA	1
Lazar, AA	1
Wu, K	1
Brooks, GA	1
Feldman-Kiss, D	1
Li, D	1
Cleve, R	1
Sinclair, G	1
Dubland, JA	1
Wang, L	1
Kilpatrick, ES	2
Butler, AE	2
Ostlundh, L	1
Atkin, SL	2
Sacks, DB	2
Ahlström, S	1
Ahlner, J	1
Jönsson, AK	1
Green, H	1
Lohano, PD	1
Ibrahim, M	1
Raza, SJ	1
Gowa, M	1
Baloch, SH	1
Bjerg, LN	1
Thomsen, HH	1
Madsen, JB	1
Sandfeld-Paulsen, B	1
Sholevar, C	1
Torjani, A	1
Kavanagh, TR	1
Yudkoff, C	1
Xiao, K	1
Swaminathan, V	1
Rshaidat, H	1
Bowne, WB	1
Krampitz, GW	1
Nevler, A	1
Yeo, CJ	1
Lavu, H	1
Li, J	1
Yang, Y	2
Peng, Z	1
Yang, J	2
Li, Y	2
Tremblay, ES	2
Millington, K	2
Wu, Y	1
Wypij, D	1
Agus, MSD	1
Wolfsdorf, J	1
Zuo, M	1
Meng, C	1
Song, Q	1
Gao, Z	2
Cui, X	1
Wang, J	2
Li, X	1
Shan, C	1
Chang, B	1
Han, HJ	1
Cole, AE	1
Verma, A	1
Cao, S	2
Gilchrist, HE	1
Hatton, CJ	1
Roginski, MA	1
Esteves, AM	1
Auld, FM	1
Parai, JL	1
Milroy, CM	1
Ozoran, H	1
Matheou, M	1
Dyson, P	1
Karpe, F	1
Tan, GD	1
Song, C	1
Dhaliwal, S	1
Bapat, P	1
Scarr, D	1
Bakhsh, A	1
Budhram, D	1
Verhoeff, NJ	1
Weisman, A	1
Fralick, M	1
Ivers, NM	1
Cherney, DZI	1
Tomlinson, G	1
Lovblom, LE	1
Mumford, D	1
Perkins, BA	1
Yang, X	1
Shen, L	1
Ni, R	1
Huang, Y	1
Sui, Z	1
Wang, X	1
Depczynski, B	1
Lee, ATK	1
Varndell, W	1
Chiew, AL	1
Monuteaux, MC	1
Bachur, RG	1
Wolfsdorf, JI	2
Kraus, FB	1
Kocijancic, M	1
Kluttig, A	1
Ludwig-Kraus, B	1
Ginn, C	1
Ateh, D	1
Martin, J	1
Peyron, PA	1
Plawecki, M	1
Lossois, M	1
Lotierzo, M	1
Baccino, E	1
Cristol, JP	1
Reed, EM	1
Swanson, AA	1
Roden, AC	1
Lin, PT	1
Peters, AL	1
McGuire, DK	1
Danne, T	1
Kushner, JA	1
Rodbard, HW	1
Dhatariya, K	1
Sawhney, S	1
Banks, P	1
Jiang, W	1
Davies, MJ	1
Lapuerta, P	1
Hancock, G	1
Sharma, S	1
Galpin, M	1
Lunn, D	1
Megson, C	1
Peverall, R	1
Richmond, G	1
Ritchie, GAD	1
Owen, KR	1
Schramm, F	1
Weiß, M	1
Dahlem, D	1
Galindo, RJ	1
Pasquel, FJ	1
Vellanki, P	1
Zambrano, C	1
Albury, B	1
Perez-Guzman, C	1
Ziduo, Z	1
Umpierrez, GE	4
Dhatariya, KK	1
Svart, MV	1
Rittig, N	1
Kampmann, U	1
Voss, TS	1
Møller, N	1
Jessen, N	1
Heimer, J	1
Gascho, D	1
Chatzaraki, V	1
Knaute, DF	1
Sterzik, V	1
Martinez, RM	1
Thali, MJ	1
Zoelch, N	1
Polidori, D	1
Iijima, H	1
Goda, M	1
Maruyama, N	1
Inagaki, N	1
Crawford, PA	1
Tse, R	2
Garland, J	2
Kesha, K	2
Triggs, Y	1
Yap, Z	1
Stables, S	2
Iovane, B	2
Cangelosi, AM	1
Bonaccini, I	1
Di Mauro, D	2
Scarabello, C	2
Panigari, A	1
Tiri, A	1
Mastrorilli, C	2
Fainardi, V	2
Dodi, I	2
Vanelli, M	3
Pulungan, AB	1
Juwita, E	1
Pudjiadi, AH	1
Rahmayanti, S	1
Tsaniya, I	1
Tsuchiya, S	1
Sawada, S	1
Takeda, K	1
Takahashi, K	1
Nakajima, T	1
Kohata, M	1
Kurosawa, S	1
Satake, C	1
Imai, J	1
Kikuchi, K	1
Aiba, S	1
Katagiri, H	1
Philcox, W	1
McCarthy, S	1
Lam, L	1
Palmiere, C	8
OʼRegan, T	1
Siebel, S	1
Galderisi, A	1
Patel, NS	1
Carria, LR	1
Tamborlane, WV	2
Sherr, JL	2
Segebrecht, R	1
Moncure, M	1
Bennett, A	1
Geehan, D	1
Van Way, CW	1
Weide, L	1
Thapa, SS	1
Lal, A	1
Omer, A	1
Trivedi, N	1
Veronese, P	1
Fanelli, U	1
Incerti, T	1
Tchana, B	1
Mangin, P	5
Werner, D	5
Keltanen, T	1
Sajantila, A	1
Palo, JU	1
Partanen, T	1
Valonen, T	1
Lindroos, K	1
Lesta, Mdel M	2
Sabatasso, S	2
Lobrinus, JA	1
Augsburger, M	3
Akram, M	1
Palau Collazo, M	1
Cengiz, E	1
Michaud, C	1
Carria, L	1
Steffen, AT	1
Weyman, K	1
Zgorski, M	1
Tichy, E	1
Weinzimer, SA	1
Glaser, N	2
Bundros, A	1
Anderson, S	1
Tancredi, D	1
Lo, W	1
Orgain, M	1
O'Donnell, M	1
Bresciani, F	1
Pietra, M	1
Corradini, S	1
Giunti, M	1
Fracassi, F	1
Yang, HL	1
Yuan, GP	1
Deng, H	1
Chen, C	1
Peng, X	1
An, ZM	1
Lertwattanarak, R	1
Plainkum, P	1
Qiao, Y	1
Liu, Y	2
Cheng, Y	1
Yu, M	1
Zhao, L	1
Duan, Y	1
Mul, D	1
Molendijk, E	1
Misra, S	2
Oliver, NS	1
Ke, P	1
Zhou, H	1
Wang, Z	1
Wu, X	1
Lin, H	1
Huang, X	1
Oliver, N	1
Rosival, V	2
Gebremariam, T	1
Lin, L	1
Liu, M	1
Kontoyiannis, DP	1
French, S	1
Edwards, JE	1
Filler, SG	1
Ibrahim, AS	1
Wang, CC	1
Hennek, JW	1
Ainla, A	1
Kumar, AA	1
Lan, WJ	1
Im, J	1
Smith, BS	1
Zhao, M	1
Whitesides, GM	1
Jehle, D	1
Johnson, D	1
Martel, T	1
Molnar, J	1
Lark, MC	1
Falkowitz, J	1
Short, R	1
Plexousakis, M	1
Schmitt, R	1
Nambudiri, V	1
Brooke, J	1
Stiell, M	1
Ojo, O	1
Luethi, N	1
Cioccari, L	1
Crisman, M	1
Bellomo, R	1
Eastwood, GM	1
Mårtensson, J	1
Føreid, S	1
Gadeholt, G	1
Lee, P	1
Greenfield, JR	1
Campbell, LV	1
Smith, SW	1
Manini, AF	1
Szekely, T	1
Hoffman, RS	1
Warren, R	1
Elliott, S	1
Smith, C	1
Cassidy, D	1
Zeugswetter, F	1
Handl, S	1
Iben, C	1
Schwendenwein, I	1
Velusamy, T	1
Jain, SK	2
Voulgari, C	1
Tentolouris, N	1
Byard, RW	2
Zhou, C	2
Lu, J	1
Zello, GA	1
Randell, E	1
Adeli, K	1
Krahn, J	1
Meng, QH	1
Arora, S	3
Henderson, SO	1
Long, T	1
Menchine, M	3
Aroch, I	1
Shechter-Polak, M	1
Segev, G	1
Hayashi, T	1
Ago, K	1
Ago, M	1
Ogata, M	1
Stojanovic, V	1
Ihle, S	1
Stenerson, MB	1
Collura, CA	1
Rose, CH	1
Lteif, AN	1
Carey, WA	1
Mizutani, T	1
Yoshimoto, T	1
Kaneko, R	1
Ishii, A	1
Hockenhull, J	1
Dhillo, W	1
Andrews, R	1
Paterson, S	1
Probst, MA	1
Agy, C	1
Yu, HY	1
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Kellogg, MD	1
Sporkert, F	2
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Bardy, D	2
Rey, F	1
Lardi, C	1
Brunel, C	1
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Lotz, F	1
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Rehman, HU	1
Heninger, M	1
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Craig, ME	1
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Cheng, C	1
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Yi, B	1
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Guerci, B	2
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Franck, P	1
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Ren, FQ	1
Yan, SK	1
Mao, DY	1
Li, YX	1
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Xu, EM	1
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White, PC	1
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Wetli, CV	1
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Katz, M	1
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Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of LX4211 as Adjunct Therapy in Adult Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control[NCT02421510]	Phase 3	782 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Completed
A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of LX4211 as Adjunct Therapy in Adult Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control[NCT02384941]	Phase 3	793 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
Ketone Monitoring in T1D: Effect of SGLT2i During Usual Care and With Insulin Deficiency[NCT05541484]	Phase 4	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-14	Recruiting
The Role of ATGL and G0/G1 Switch Gene Complex in Lipopolysaccaride (LPS) Induced Ketosis - a Controlled, Randomised, Clinical Experimental Study[NCT02157155]		9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Completed
Development of Ketoacidosis During the Perioperative Period: an Observational Study 'The DKAP Study'[NCT05225467]		58 participants (Actual)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2022-03-15	Completed
Breath Test to Predict Breast Cancer and Outcome of Mammography[NCT04755829]		1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2021-03-31	Not yet recruiting
Anti-IL-1 Treatment in Children Diabetic Keto-Acidosis (DKA) at Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes.[NCT01477476]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Withdrawn (stopped due to funding loss, no data was ever collected)
Effectiveness of the Treatment With Dapagliflozin and Metformin Compared to Metformin Monotherapy for Weight Loss on Diabetic and Prediabetic Patients With Obesity Class III[NCT03968224]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-07-07	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

DDS2 is a 2-item diabetes distress screening instrument where participants rated the degree to which the following items caused distress: (1) feeling overwhelmed by the demands of living with diabetes, and (2) feeling that I am often failing with my diabetes regimen using a 6-point scale: where 1=no distress to 6=severe distress for a total possible score of 2 to 12. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02421510)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in A1C at Week 24

Intervention	Score on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	0.0
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-0.3
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-0.4

Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. Least square (LS) means were obtained from a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) that included fixed, categorical effects of treatment, randomization strata of insulin delivery method (MDI, CSII), randomization strata of Week -2 A1C (<= 8.5%, >8.5%), time (study week), a treatment-by-time interaction, and baseline A1C-by-time interaction as a covariate. A negative change from baseline (a reduction of A1C value at Week 24) indicates an improvement. (NCT02421510)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24

Intervention	Percentage of A1C (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-0.02
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-0.39
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-0.37

Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model. A negative change from baseline indicates a loss in body weight from baseline to Week 24. (NCT02421510)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) Score at Week 24

Intervention	Kilograms (kg) (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	0.11
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-1.88
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-2.47

The DTSQ instrument contains 8 items assessing overall treatment satisfaction, treatment convenience and flexibility, satisfaction with understanding of diabetes, willingness to continue present treatment and to recommend it to others, and frequency of unacceptably high and unacceptably low blood glucose levels. 6 items (1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) (excluding perceived hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia items) were scored using a 7- point scale where 0=very dissatisfied to 6= very satisfied for a total possible score of 0 (very dissatisfied) to 36 (very satisfied), where higher scores indicate higher satisfaction from treatment. Two items (Q2 and 3), which were not included, measured perceived hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, respectively. The baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A positive change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02421510)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) at Week 24

Intervention	Score on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-0.1
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	1.9
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	1.6

The Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicates a lower glucose level at Week 24 compared to baseline and a positive change from baseline indicates an increase in glucose level at Week 24 compared to baseline. (NCT02421510)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in Mean Daily Bolus Insulin Dose at Week 24

Intervention	Milligram per deciliter (mg/dL) (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	8.8
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-12.8
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-16.9

The mean bolus insulin dose in international units/day (IU/day) for Week 24 was the average over the 3 to 5 days prior to the Week 24 visit. The Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicated a reduction in the amount of bolus insulin used and a positive change from baseline indicated an increase in the amount of bolus insulin used between baseline and Week 24. (NCT02421510)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Percent Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24

Intervention	IU/day (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-1.19
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-4.38
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-4.78

Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model. A negative percent change from baseline indicates a loss in body weight from baseline to Week 24. (NCT02421510)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Percentage of Participants With A1C <7.0% at Week 24 and no Episode of Severe Hypoglycemia, and no Episode of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) From Baseline to Week 24

Intervention	Percent change (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	0.10
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-2.38
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-2.99

The composite endpoint included blood samples for the assessment of Hemoglobin A1C to determine the participants with a value <7.0% and a central blinded adjudication process to determine whether participants experienced either DKA or severe hypoglycemia. Only positively adjudicated severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis were included in the analysis. (NCT02421510)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Absolute Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Placebo	15.1
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	31.4
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	32.3

Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model. A negative change from Baseline indicates a loss in body weight from Baseline to Week 24. (NCT02384941)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in A1C at Week 24

Intervention	kilograms (kg) (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	0.78
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-1.57
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-2.67

Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. Least square (LS) means were obtained from a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) that included fixed, categorical effects of treatment, randomization strata of insulin delivery method (MDI, CSII), randomization strata of Week -2 A1C (<= 8.5%, >8.5%), time (study week), a treatment-by-time interaction, and baseline A1C-by-time interaction as a covariate. A negative change from Baseline (a lower A1C value at Week 24) indicates an improvement. (NCT02384941)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in Diabetes Distress Scores as Measured by 2-item Diabetes Distress Screening Scale (DDS2) Scores at Week 24

Intervention	percentage of A1C (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-0.07
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-0.43
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-0.48

The DDS2 is a 2-item diabetes distress screening instrument where respondents rated, on a 6-point scale, the degree to which the following items caused distress: (1) feeling overwhelmed by the demands of living with diabetes, and (2) feeling that I am often failing with my diabetes regimen using a 6-point scale: where 1=no distress to 6=severe distress for a total possible score of 2 (not a problem) to 12 (very serious problem), with higher score corresponding to higher distress. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02384941)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in Diabetes Total Treatment Satisfaction Scores as Measured by Total Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire Status (DTSQs) Scores at Week 24

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	0.3
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-0.4
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-0.5

DTSQs is a diabetes-specific measure used to evaluate overall treatment satisfaction and perception of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia events. It consists of 8 items and the response categories for all items were on a 7-point likert scale.The DTSQs response options ranged from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 6 (very satisfied). Responses to item 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 were summarized to determine the total treatment satisfaction score which ranged from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 36 (very satisfied), with a higher score corresponding to higher satisfaction . LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A positive change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02384941)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) at Week 24

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-0.4
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	2.1
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	2.1

The Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicates a lower glucose at Week 24 compared to baseline. (NCT02384941)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Change From Baseline in Mean Daily Bolus Insulin Dose at Week 24

Intervention	millimole per liter (mmol/L) (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	0.21
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-0.34
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-0.78

The mean bolus insulin dose in international units per day (IU/day) for Week 24 was the average over the 3 to 5 days prior to the Week 24 visit. The Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post Baseline values. A negative change from Baseline indicated a reduction in the amount of bolus insulin used between Baseline and Week 24. (NCT02384941)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Percent Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24

Intervention	IU/day (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-0.84
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-2.33
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-4.13

Percentage of Participants With A1C <7.0% (at Week 24) and No Episode of Severe Hypoglycemia and No Episode of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Upto Week 24

Intervention	percent change (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	0.92
Sotagliflozin 200 mg	-1.87
Sotagliflozin 400 mg	-3.10

Blood samples were collected for the assessment of Hemoglobin A1C to determine the participants with A1C value <7.0%. A central blinded adjudication process determined whether participants experienced either DKA or Severe Hypoglycemia. Only positively adjudicated severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis were included in the analysis. (NCT02384941)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 24

Article	Year
Controversies Around the Measurement of Blood Ketones to Diagnose and Manage Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Diabetes care, 2022, 02-01, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Ketones; Point-of-Care Syst	2022
The use of point-of-care testing to establish cause of death in the autopsy setting. Journal of forensic and legal medicine, 2020, Volume: 71 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Autopsy; Bacteria; Blood Alcohol Content; Blood Glucose; C-Reactive Protein;	2020
A focused review of the role of ketone bodies in health and disease. Journal of medicinal food, 2013, Volume: 16, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Acetone; Alzheimer Disease; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Ketoacidos	2013
The International Society of Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes guidelines for management of diabetic ketoacidosis: Do the guidelines need to be modified? Pediatric diabetes, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Brain Edema; Child; Child, Preschool; Combined Modality Therapy;	2014
Utility of ketone measurement in the prevention, diagnosis and management of diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2015, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Biomarkers; Capillaries; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetic Ketoa	2015
Postmortem diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Croatian medical journal, 2015, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Autopsy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Forensic Pathology	2015
Evaluation of the Accuracy of Capillary Hydroxybutyrate Measurement Compared with Other Measurements in the Diagnosis of Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Systematic Review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 2016, 08-23, Volume: 13, Issue:9 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dia	2016
Role of beta-hydroxybutyric acid in diabetic ketoacidosis: a review. The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne, 2011, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Cat Diseases; Cats	2011
The role of point-of-care β-hydroxybutyrate testing in the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis: a review. Hospital practice (1995), 2012, Volume: 40, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Biomarkers; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Point-of-	2012
Blood β-hydroxybutyrate vs. urine acetoacetate testing for the prevention and management of ketoacidosis in Type 1 diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2013, Volume: 30, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Critical Care; Crown-Rump Length; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; D	2013
[Blood level of ketone bodies and its clinical significance]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2002, Volume: 60 Suppl 8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Biomarkers; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type	2002
Advantages to using capillary blood beta-hydroxybutyrate determination for the detection and treatment of diabetic ketosis. Diabetes & metabolism, 2005, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Pt 1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Biomarkers; Capillaries; Child; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1;	2005
Hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis with insulin pump therapy in children and adolescents. Pediatric diabetes, 2006, Volume: 7 Suppl 4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Blood Glucose; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetes Mellitus	2006
Acid-base aspects of ketoacidosis. American journal of nephrology, 1984, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Acidosis, Respiratory; Alcoholism; Alkalosis	1984

Article	Year
Point-of-Care Capillary Blood Ketone Measurements and the Prediction of Future Ketoacidosis Risk in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes care, 2023, 11-01, Volume: 46, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Ketones; Ketosis; P	2023
Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Related Events With Sotagliflozin Added to Insulin in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of the inTandem 1 and 2 Studies. Diabetes care, 2020, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Double-Blind Method;	2020
Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Related Events With Sotagliflozin Added to Insulin in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of the inTandem 1 and 2 Studies. Diabetes care, 2020, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Double-Blind Method;	2020
Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Related Events With Sotagliflozin Added to Insulin in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of the inTandem 1 and 2 Studies. Diabetes care, 2020, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Double-Blind Method;	2020
Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Related Events With Sotagliflozin Added to Insulin in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of the inTandem 1 and 2 Studies. Diabetes care, 2020, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Double-Blind Method;	2020
Metabolic effects of insulin in a human model of ketoacidosis combining exposure to lipopolysaccharide and insulin deficiency: a randomised, controlled, crossover study in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia, 2017, Volume: 60, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Biopsy; Blood Glucose; Cross-Over Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1;	2017
Intra- and inter-subject variability for increases in serum ketone bodies in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2018, Volume: 20, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Biological Variation, Population; Blood Glucose; Canagliflozin	2018
Safety of nighttime 2-hour suspension of Basal insulin in pump-treated type 1 diabetes even in the absence of low glucose. Diabetes care, 2014, Volume: 37, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoaci	2014
When should determination of ketonemia be recommended? Diabetes technology & therapeutics, 2002, Volume: 4, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Blood Glucose; C-Peptide; Child; Child, Preschool; Circadian Rhyt	2002
Efficacy of subcutaneous insulin lispro versus continuous intravenous regular insulin for the treatment of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. The American journal of medicine, 2004, Sep-01, Volume: 117, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood Glucose; Critical Care; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Dru	2004
Point of care blood ketone testing of diabetic patients in the emergency department. Endocrine research, 2004, Volume: 30, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Critical Illness; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes M	2004
Sick day management using blood 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) compared with urine ketone monitoring reduces hospital visits in young people with T1DM: a randomized clinical trial. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2006, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Child; Child	2006
Point-of-care test identifies diabetic ketoacidosis at triage. Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2006, Volume: 13, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers	2006
Effects of somatostatin on established induced ketosis. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 1982, Volume: 14, Issue:10 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Glucagon; Gr	1982
The hemodynamic abnormalities in short-term insulin deficiency: the role of prostaglandin inhibition. Diabetes, 1996, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Acetoacetates; Adult; Blood Glucose; Diabetes M	1996
Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis using normalization of blood 3-hydroxybutyrate concentration as the endpoint of emergency management. A randomized controlled study. Diabetes care, 1997, Volume: 20, Issue:9 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Bicarbonates; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Keto	1997
Long-acting somatostatin analogue (Sandostatin) reduces late night insulinopenic ketogenesis in diabetic teenagers. Acta endocrinologica. Supplementum, 1987, Volume: 286 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Blood Glucose; Circadian Rhythm; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabet	1987

Article	Year
Accuracy of a breath ketone analyzer to detect ketosis in adults and children with type 1 diabetes. Journal of diabetes and its complications, 2021, Volume: 35, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Breath Tests; Child; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis;	2021
Hyperlactatemia in diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2022, Volume: 39, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Hyperglycemi	2022
Interference of ketone bodies on laboratory creatinine measurement in children with DKA: a call for change in testing practices. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2022, Volume: 37, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Acetone; Child; Chromatography, Liquid; Creatinine; Diabetic K	2022
The Importance of BHB Testing on the Post-Mortem Diagnosis of Ketoacidosis. Biomolecules, 2021, 12-21, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Alcoholism; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Diagnosis; Humans; Hypothermia	2021
Comparing Finger-stick Βeta-hydroxybutyrate with Dipstick Urine Tests in the Detection of Ketone Bodies in the Diagnosis of Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP, 2022, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellit	2022
Evaluation of the point-of-care devices KetoSure Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation, 2022, Volume: 82, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Ketones; Ketosis; Point-of-Care Systems	2022
Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) after pancreaticoduodenectomy: An under-recognized metabolic abnormality with outcome implications. Surgery, 2023, Volume: 173, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acidosis; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Insulin; Male; Pa	2023
A novel photoelectrochemical microfluidic chip for multi-index determination of diabetes and its complications. Biosensors & bioelectronics, 2022, Dec-01, Volume: 217 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acidosis, Lactic; Biomarkers; Biosensing Techniques; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabe	2022
Utility of plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate to define resolution of diabetic ketoacidosis. Pediatric diabetes, 2022, Volume: 23, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Child; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Insulin; ROC	2022
Beta-Hydroxybutyric Acid Inhibits Renal Tubular Reabsorption via the AKT/DAB2/Megalin Signalling Pathway. Journal of diabetes research, 2022, Volume: 2022 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Albumins; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins	2022
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Caused by Alcoholic Pancreatitis and Starvation Ketosis. Journal of general internal medicine, 2023, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Humans; Male; Middl	2023
Diabetic Ketoalkalosis: A Common Yet Easily Overlooked Alkalemic Variant of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated with Mixed Acid-Base Disorders. The Journal of emergency medicine, 2023, Volume: 64, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acid-Base Imbalance; Acidosis; Adult; Alkalosis; Bicarbonates; Diabetes Melli	2023
Establishing Pragmatic Analytical Performance Specifications for Blood Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Testing. Clinical chemistry, 2023, 04-28, Volume: 69, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Hematologic Tests; Humans	2023
Impact on Diabetic Ketoacidosis Resolution After Implementation of a 2-Bag Fluid Order Set. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2023, Volume: 57, Issue:12 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Hypoglycemic	2023
Subnuclear renal tubular vacuoles in alcohol use disorder. Journal of forensic sciences, 2023, Volume: 68, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Alcoholism; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Epithelial Cells; Fatty Liver; Forensic Pa	2023
Type 1 diabetes and low carbohydrate diets-Defining the degree of nutritional ketosis. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2023, Volume: 40, Issue:10 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Diet, Carboh	2023
A new turn-on fluorescent probe for fast detection of diabetic biomarker beta-hydroxybutyrate in vitro. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy, 2024, Jan-05, Volume: 304 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Biomarkers; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Fluorescent Dyes; Human	2024
The Significance of an Increased Beta-Hydroxybutyrate at Presentation to the Emergency Department in Patients with Diabetes in the Absence of a Hyperglycemic Emergency. Journal of diabetes research, 2019, Volume: 2019 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Glucose; Child; Child, Pres	2019
Plasma β-Hydroxybutyrate for the Diagnosis of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in the Emergency Department. Pediatric emergency care, 2021, Dec-01, Volume: 37, Issue:12 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Ketoa	2021
Test validation, method comparison and reference range for the measurement of β-hydroxybutyrate in peripheral blood samples. Biochemia medica, 2020, Feb-15, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Chemical Analysis; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Reference Values	2020
Usefulness of a blood glucose and ketone monitoring device as a screening tool for lethal diabetic ketoacidosis. International journal of legal medicine, 2021, Volume: 135, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female;	2021
Sudden Unexpected Death in MELAS Syndrome Due to Diabetic Ketoacidosis. The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology, 2020, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetone; Adult; Brain; Death, Sudden; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Glucose; Humans;	2020
The correlation between breath acetone and blood betahydroxybutyrate in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Journal of breath research, 2020, 10-29, Volume: 15, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetone; Breath Tests; Capillaries; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoa	2020
[Beta-hydroxybutyrate measurements with the GlucoMen®LX Plus in the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis in dogs and cats]. Tierarztliche Praxis. Ausgabe K, Kleintiere/Heimtiere, 2020, Volume: 48, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diabetic Ketoacidosis;	2020
Biochemical Parameters of Diabetes Ketoacidosis in Patients with End-stage Kidney Disease and Preserved Renal Function. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021, 06-16, Volume: 106, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bicarbonat	2021
Guidelines for management of diabetic ketoacidosis: time to revise? The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 2017, Volume: 5, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Disease Management; Guidelines as Topic	2017
Postmortem International journal of legal medicine, 2018, Volume: 132, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Acetone; Adult; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Glucose; Humans; Ketone	2018
Basal Subnuclear Vacuolization, Armanni-Ebstein Lesions, Wischnewsky Lesions, and Elevated Vitreous Glucose and β-Hydroxybuyrate: Is It Hypothermia, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, or Both? The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology, 2018, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Epithelial Cells; Fatal Out	2018
Diabetic ketoacidosis at the onset of Type 1 diabetes in young children Is it time to launch a tailored campaign for DKA prevention in children <5 years? Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis, 2018, 01-08, Volume: 89, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Keto	2018
Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Adolescents and Children: A Prospective Study of Blood versus Urine Ketones in Monitoring Therapeutic Response. Acta medica Indonesiana, 2018, Volume: 50, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Glucose; Capillaries; Child; Diabetic K	2018
Eruptive xanthomas in a patient with soft-drink diabetic ketosis and apolipoprotein E4/2. Endocrine journal, 2019, Jan-28, Volume: 66, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adolescent; Apolipoprotein E2; Apolipoprotein E4; Carbonated B	2019
Biochemical Differences Between Vitreous Humor and Cerebral Spinal Fluid in a Death From Diabetic Ketoacidosis. The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology, 2019, Volume: 40, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Fatal Outcome; Glucose; Humans; Male; Vitreous Body; Y	2019
Reversal of Ketosis in Type 1 Diabetes Is Not Adversely Affected by SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy. Diabetes technology & therapeutics, 2019, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Canagliflozin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Keto	2019
Ketoacidosis in Euglycemic Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Abdominal Surgery. JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition, 2019, Volume: 43, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Abdomen; Acidosis; Aged; Anions; Bicarbonates; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellit	2019
Elevated β-hydroxybutyric acid with no ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetic patients using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi, 2019, Volume: 118, Issue:10 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Ketosis; Sodium-Glu	2019
Clinical utility of beta-hydroxybutyrate measurement in the management of physiological ketosis at home in children under 5. Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis, 2019, 05-23, Volume: 90, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Capillaries; Child, Preschool; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidos	2019
Preliminary results on the postmortem measurement of 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate in liver homogenates. International journal of legal medicine, 2013, Volume: 127, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Forensic Pathology; H	2013
Postmortem distribution of 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate. Journal of forensic sciences, 2014, Volume: 59, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Alcoholism; Case-Control Studies; Death, Sudden; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Femal	2014
Assessment of Traub formula and ketone bodies in cause of death investigations. International journal of legal medicine, 2013, Volume: 127, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Acetone; Alcoholism; Algorithms; Autopsy; Biomarkers; Blood Gl	2013
Unconsciousness and sedation as precipitating factors of diabetic ketoacidosis. Journal of forensic and legal medicine, 2013, Volume: 20, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Atrophy; Conscious Sedation; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Glucose; H	2013
Brain cell swelling during hypocapnia increases with hyperglycemia or ketosis. Pediatric diabetes, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Brain Edema; Carbon Dioxide; Cell Size; Cerebral Cort	2014
Accuracy of capillary blood 3-β-hydroxybutyrate determination for the detection and treatment of canine diabetic ketoacidosis. Journal of veterinary science, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Specimen Collection; Capillaries; Dia	2014
[The diagnostic value of serum beta-hydroxybutyrate in diabetic ketosis or diabetic ketoacidosis]. Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition, 2014, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Case-Control Studies; China; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Logistic Models;	2014
Efficacy of quantitative capillary beta-hydroxybutyrate measurement in the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis: a comparison to quantitative serum ketone measurement by nitroprusside reaction. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 2014, Volume: 97 Suppl 3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Capillaries; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Ketones; Nitroprusside; Reagent K	2014
Breath ketone testing: a new biomarker for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of diabetic ketosis. BioMed research international, 2014, Volume: 2014 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Blood	2014
Question 1: Treatment of mild to moderate ketoacidosis in children and adolescents with subcutaneous insulin. Archives of disease in childhood, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Blood Glucose; Child; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Infusions, I	2015
[Establishment of blood β-hydroxybutyrate threshold for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes ketoacidosis]. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University, 2014, Volume: 34, Issue:10 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Sensitivity and Spe	2014
Response to Rosival: Pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2015, Volume: 32, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Ketones	2015
Pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2015, Volume: 32, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Ketones	2015
Bicarbonate correction of ketoacidosis alters host-pathogen interactions and alleviates mucormycosis. The Journal of clinical investigation, 2016, 06-01, Volume: 126, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum	2016
A Paper-Based "Pop-up" Electrochemical Device for Analysis of Beta-Hydroxybutyrate. Analytical chemistry, 2016, 06-21, Volume: 88, Issue:12 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Biomarkers; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Electrochemical Techniques; Electrodes; Hu	2016
Severe diabetic ketoacidosis presenting with negative serum ketones. The American journal of emergency medicine, 2017, Volume: 35, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Ketones; S	2017
Prevalence of ketosis, ketonuria, and ketoacidosis during liberal glycemic control in critically ill patients with diabetes: an observational study. Critical care (London, England), 2016, 09-15, Volume: 20 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; APACHE; Australia; Blood Glucose; Cohort Studies; Di	2016
Beta-hydroxybutyrate and pyroglutamate can be included in a rapid GC-MS screening method for differential diagnosis of metabolic acidosis. Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation, 2017, Volume: 77, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Biomarkers; Calibration; Cysteine; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Diagnosis, Differen	2017
"Mind the gap" when managing ketoacidosis in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes care, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Designer Drugs; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ket	2008
Bedside detection of urine beta-hydroxybutyrate in diagnosing metabolic acidosis. Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2008, Volume: 15, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acidosis; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Hydroge	2008
Alcoholic lunch did not cause clinically relevant ketosis. QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians, 2010, Volume: 103, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Alcohol Drinking; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans	2010
The post-mortem relationship between beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), acetone and ethanol in ketoacidosis. Forensic science international, 2010, May-20, Volume: 198, Issue:1-3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetone; Acidosis; Alcohol Drinking; Biomarkers; Central Nervous System Depre	2010
Efficacy of plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration as a marker for diabetes mellitus in acutely sick cats. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 2010, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Case-Control Studies; Cat Diseases	2010
Effects of high glucose and ketosis (acetoacetate, ss-hydroxybutyrate) on PAI-1 secretion in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, 2011, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Cells, Cultured; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacido	2011
The performance of a glucose-ketone meter in the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis in patients with type 2 diabetes in the emergency room. Diabetes technology & therapeutics, 2010, Volume: 12, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Emergency Me	2010
Erosive gastritis, Armanni-Ebstein phenomenon and diabetic ketoacidosis. Forensic science, medicine, and pathology, 2010, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Autopsy; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Fatal Outcome; Gastritis; Glucose; Hum	2010
Armanni-Ebstein phenomenon and hypothermia. Forensic science international, 2011, Mar-20, Volume: 206, Issue:1-3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Epithelial Cells; Fema	2011
Closing the anion gap: contribution of D-lactate to diabetic ketoacidosis. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 2011, Jan-30, Volume: 412, Issue:3-4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Bicarbonates; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Humans; Lactic Ac	2011
Diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care testing for diabetic ketoacidosis at emergency-department triage: {beta}-hydroxybutyrate versus the urine dipstick. Diabetes care, 2011, Volume: 34, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Ma	2011
A retrospective study of serum β-hydroxybutyric acid in 215 ill cats: clinical signs, laboratory findings and diagnoses. Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997), 2012, Volume: 191, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Biomarkers; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Ketoacid	2012
Positional asphyxia or diabetic ketoacidosis? A case report. Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2011, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetone; Aged; Asphyxia; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Diabetic Nephropathies; Femal	2011
Bilateral basal ganglia infarctions in a neonate born during maternal diabetic ketoacidosis. Pediatrics, 2011, Volume: 128, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease; Brain Infarction; Dehydration;	2011
Diagnosis of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus in an autopsy case with postmortem changes. Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2011, Volume: 13, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Autopsy; Body Fluids; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis	2011
Investigation of markers to indicate and distinguish death due to alcoholic ketoacidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state using post-mortem samples. Forensic science international, 2012, Jan-10, Volume: 214, Issue:1-3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetone; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female;	2012
Point-of-care beta-hydroxybutyrate testing for assessing diabetic ketoacidosis severity prior to treatment in the emergency department. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2011, Volume: 94, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Ket	2011
Clinical utility of Abbott Precision Xceed Pro® ketone meter in diabetic patients. Pediatric diabetes, 2011, Volume: 12, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Chemical Analysis; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans	2011
Usefulness of postmortem biochemistry in forensic pathology: illustrative case reports. Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2012, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: 2-Propanol; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Benzodiazepines; Biomarkers;	2012
Is the formula of Traub still up to date in antemortem blood glucose level estimation? International journal of legal medicine, 2012, Volume: 126, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Acetone; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Forensi	2012
Measurement of β-hydroxybutyrate in cats with nonketotic diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketosis, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc, 2012, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis	2012
A woman with ketoacidosis but not diabetes. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2012, Mar-01, Volume: 344 Topics: 2-Propanol; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Abdominal Pain; Acidosis; Adult; Alcoholism; Diabetic Ketoacidosi	2012
Postmortem vitreous beta-hydroxybutyrate: interpretation in a forensic setting. Journal of forensic sciences, 2012, Volume: 57, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Central N	2012
Point-of-care β-hydroxybutyrate measurement for the diagnosis of feline diabetic ketoacidaemia. The Journal of small animal practice, 2012, Volume: 53, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosis	2012
Postmortem diagnosis of unsuspected diabetes mellitus. Forensic science international, 2013, Mar-10, Volume: 226, Issue:1-3 Topics: 2-Propanol; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetone; Acute-Phase Proteins; Adolescent; Adult; Benzodiazepines	2013
Acetoacetate increases expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Neuroscience letters, 2002, Dec-13, Volume: 334, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Dose-Response R	2002
[Establishment of method for determining serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid and its meaning in diabetes ketosis acidism]. Hunan yi ke da xue xue bao = Hunan yike daxue xuebao = Bulletin of Hunan Medical University, 2001, Apr-28, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged	2001
Cost effectiveness of the direct measurement of 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Diabetes care, 2003, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Child; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoacidosi	2003
Accuracy of an electrochemical sensor for measuring capillary blood ketones by fingerstick samples during metabolic deterioration after continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion interruption in type 1 diabetic patients. Diabetes care, 2003, Volume: 26, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Age of Onset; Blood Glucose; Blood Specimen Collection; C-Peptide; Cap	2003
[Evaluation of enzymatic method for determination of serum beta-hydroxybutyrate and its clinical application]. Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, 2003, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Autoanalysis; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Ev	2003
Bedside ketone determination in diabetic children with hyperglycemia and ketosis in the acute care setting. Pediatric diabetes, 2004, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Child; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Point-of-Car	2004
Diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis, 2003, Volume: 74, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Biomarkers; Child; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	2003
Fatal olanzapine-induced hyperglycemic ketoacidosis. The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology, 2004, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: 2-Propanol; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetone; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diabetic K	2004
Urinary acetoacetate or capillary beta-hydroxybutyrate for the diagnosis of ketoacidosis in the Emergency Department setting. European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine, 2004, Volume: 11, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Biomarkers; Capillaries; Critical Illness; Diabetic Ketoacidos	2004
Near patient blood ketone measurements and their utility in predicting diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2005, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Ketoacido	2005
Detection of cerebral {beta}-hydroxy butyrate, acetoacetate, and lactate on proton MR spectroscopy in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2005, Volume: 26, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Child; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Mag	2005
Capillary blood beta-hydroxybutyrate measurement by reagent strip in diagnosing diabetic ketoacidosis. Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology, 2005,Summer, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Hu	2005
Postmortem vitreous humor beta-hydroxybutyrate: its utility for the postmortem interpretation of diabetes mellitus. Forensic science international, 2005, Oct-29, Volume: 153, Issue:2-3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Cadaver; Diabetic Ket	2005
[Diabetic ketoacedosis]. Ugeskrift for laeger, 2006, Jan-16, Volume: 168, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Fluid Therapy; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Insulin	2006
Life-threatening complications of the Atkins diet? Lancet (London, England), 2006, Jul-01, Volume: 368, Issue:9529 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; Humans	2006
Blood ketone bodies in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (a multicenter study). Pediatric diabetes, 2006, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adolescent; Blood Glucose; Child; Child, Preschool; Diabetes M	2006
Bedside monitoring of blood beta-hydroxybutyrate levels in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Diabetes technology & therapeutics, 2006, Volume: 8, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Child; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Electrochemistry; Female; Humans; M	2006
[Blood glucose and ketone monitoring in type 1 diabetic patients in the controlled environment of a summer camp]. Anales de pediatria (Barcelona, Spain : 2003), 2007, Volume: 66, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Child; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1;	2007
Hydroxybutyrate near-patient testing to evaluate a new end-point for intravenous insulin therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Pediatric diabetes, 2007, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Biomarkers; Child; Child, Preschool; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Envir	2007
Cardiac troponin I concentrations in people presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis. Annals of clinical biochemistry, 2007, Volume: 44, Issue:Pt 4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Cohort Studies; Creatine Kinase; Cystatin C; Cystati	2007
Insufficient ketone body use is the cause of ketotic hypoglycemia in one of a pair of homozygotic twins. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Glucose; Child, Preschool; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Fatigue; Glycerol; Hu	2007
Anesthetic properties of the ketone bodies beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2007, Volume: 105, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetone; Anesthetics; Animals; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Dose-Response Relations	2007
Point-of-care blood ketone testing: screening for diabetic ketoacidosis at the emergency department. Singapore medical journal, 2007, Volume: 48, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bicarbonates; Blood Glucose; Diab	2007
Can serum beta-hydroxybutyrate be used to diagnose diabetic ketoacidosis? Diabetes care, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Bicarbonates; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Child; Diabetes M	2008
Bicarbonate therapy in severe metabolic acidosis. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2009, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Cell Death; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Hum	2009
Angiotensin-converting enzyme in diabetes mellitus dependence on metabolic aberration. Diabete & metabolisme, 1983, Volume: 9, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; Carbon Dioxide; Diabetes Mellitus, Ty	1983
Ketone body kinetics in humans: the effects of insulin-dependent diabetes, obesity, and starvation. Journal of lipid research, 1984, Volume: 25, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adolescent; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Ketoaci	1984
Effect of maternal ketoacidemia on the pregnant ewe and the fetus. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1982, Nov-01, Volume: 144, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Amniotic Fluid; Animals; Antipyrine; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Fetus; He	1982
Haemodynamic and metabolic effects in diabetic ketoacidosis in rats of treatment with sodium bicarbonate or a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate. Diabetologia, 1995, Volume: 38, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Carbonates; Diabetes Mellitus, Exper	1995
Clinical utility of beta-hydroxybutyrate determined by reflectance meter in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes care, 1995, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates	1995
Increased serum D-lactate associated with diabetic ketoacidosis. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1995, Volume: 44, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cats; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Hydroxybutyrates; Lactat	1995
The effect of recombinant insulin-like growth factor I on ketone body, lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations and its use to treat ketoacidosis in severe insulin resistance. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 1994, Volume: 11, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adolescent; Apolipoproteins; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Hy	1994
Fully automated assay of blood D-3-hydroxybutyrate for ketosis. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi, 1993, Volume: 92, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Automation; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Drug Stability; Female; Human	1993
Laboratory and clinical evaluation of assays for beta-hydroxybutyrate. American journal of clinical pathology, 1997, Volume: 107, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Nitroprusside	1997
Beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate levels. American journal of clinical pathology, 1997, Volume: 108, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Hydr	1997
Serum beta-hydroxybutyrate measurement in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Archives of internal medicine, 1999, Feb-22, Volume: 159, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Carbon Dioxide; Diabetes Complications; Diabete	1999
Use of beta-hydroxybutyric acid levels in the emergency department. American journal of therapeutics, 1998, Volume: 5, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetone; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Emergency Treatment; Fatty Aci	1998
Effect of hyperketonemia on plasma lipid peroxidation levels in diabetic patients. Diabetes care, 1999, Volume: 22, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adult; Child; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Di	1999
Beta-hydroxybutyric acid--an indicator for an alcoholic ketoacidosis as cause of death in deceased alcohol abusers. Journal of forensic sciences, 2000, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism; Cause of Death; Diabetic Ketoacid	2000
Evaluation of an electrochemical sensor for measuring blood ketones. Diabetes care, 2000, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Blood Specimen Collection; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Electrochemistry; Humans; K	2000
Hypoglycemia and resistance to ketoacidosis in a subject without functional insulin receptors. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2001, Volume: 86, Issue:7 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adipose Tissue; Cell Line, Transformed; Codon, Nonsense; Diabetic Ketoacidosi	2001
Evaluation of a new handheld biosensor for point-of-care testing of whole blood beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration. Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi, 2002, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Autoanalysis; Biosensing Techniques; Computer Peripherals; Diabetic Ketoacido	2002
Lack of evidence of cerebral oedema in adults treated for diabetic ketoacidosis with fluids of different tonicity. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2002, Volume: 57, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Blood Glucose; Brain; Brain Edema; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Electrolytes	2002
Transient extreme insulin resistance in shock during diabetic ketoacidosis. Endocrinologia japonica, 1992, Volume: 39, Issue:6 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Erythrocytes	1992
Gluconeogenesis and the protection of hepatic intracellular pH during diabetic ketoacidosis in rats. The Biochemical journal, 1989, Nov-01, Volume: 263, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental	1989
Effects of diabetes on fructose 2, 6-P2, glucose 1, 6-P2 and 6-phosphofructo 2-kinase in rat liver. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1986, Apr-29, Volume: 136, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Ketoacidosi	1986
Monitoring therapy with insulin in ketoacidotic patients by quantifying 3-hydroxybutyrate with a commercial kit. Clinical chemistry, 1986, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Pt 1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Insulin; Reagent Kits, Diagn	1986
Plasma lactate and 3-hydroxybutyrate levels in patients with acute ethanol intoxication. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Volume: 80, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Alcoholic Intoxication; Blood Glucose; Diabetic K	1986
Neutrophil phagocytosis and killing in insulin-dependent diabetes. Clinical and experimental immunology, 1986, Volume: 63, Issue:2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldehyde Reductase; Candida albicans; Cells, Culture	1986
Effect of diabetic ketosis on jejunal glutaminase. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 1986, Volume: 248, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Fasting; Glu	1986
Possible mechanisms responsible for the rise in plasma vasopressin associated with diabetic ketoacidosis in the rat. The Journal of endocrinology, 1988, Volume: 116, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Blood Pressure; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimenta	1988
Kinetic measurement of the combined concentrations of acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate in serum. Clinical chemistry, 1988, Volume: 34, Issue:9 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adult; Catalysis; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Humans; Hydro	1988
Metabolic effects of low-dose insulin therapy on glucose metabolism in diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes, 1988, Volume: 37, Issue:11 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood; Blood Glucose; Chlorides; Diabetes Mellitus, Type	1988
Ketone body production and disposal in diabetic ketosis. A comparison with fasting ketosis. Diabetes, 1985, Volume: 34, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Acidosis; Adolescent; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabet	1985
Acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate kinetics in obese and insulin-dependent diabetic humans. The American journal of physiology, 1985, Volume: 248, Issue:5 Pt 2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic	1985

3-hydroxybutyric acid and Acidosis, Diabetic

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (162)

Authors

Clinical Trials (8)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change From Baseline in 2-Item Diabetes Distress Screen 2 (DDS2) Score at Week 24

Change From Baseline in A1C at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) Score at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Mean Daily Bolus Insulin Dose at Week 24

Percent Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24

Percentage of Participants With A1C <7.0% at Week 24 and no Episode of Severe Hypoglycemia, and no Episode of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) From Baseline to Week 24

Absolute Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24

Change From Baseline in A1C at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Diabetes Distress Scores as Measured by 2-item Diabetes Distress Screening Scale (DDS2) Scores at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Diabetes Total Treatment Satisfaction Scores as Measured by Total Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire Status (DTSQs) Scores at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Mean Daily Bolus Insulin Dose at Week 24

Percent Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24

Percentage of Participants With A1C <7.0% (at Week 24) and No Episode of Severe Hypoglycemia and No Episode of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Upto Week 24

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies