25-hydroxyvitamin-d-2 and Sarcopenia

Mixed reports exist about the role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in muscle ageing and there are few prospective studies involving the very old (aged ≥ 85) who are at highest risk of low 25(OH)D, loss of muscle mass and strength, and physical performance decline. In the Newcastle 85+ Study (

Topics: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; Aged, 80 and over; Calcifediol; Cohort Studies; Dietary Supplements; Disease Progression; Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Muscle Strength; Nutritional Status; Prospective Studies; Psychomotor Performance; Risk; Sarcopenia; Seasons; Self Report; Sex Factors; United Kingdom; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency

The objective of this study was to examine whether high serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration was associated with high skeletal muscle mass, taking into account the effects of sex and age among the participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) aged 40 years or older. This was a cross-sectional study using data from the 2009 to 2010 KNHANES; a total of 8406 subjects (3671 men and 4735 women) were included. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMMI, kg/m2) was estimated to measure the skeletal muscle mass. Hypovitaminosis was classified when the level of serum 25(OH)D was <20 ng/ml. The general linear model adjusted for confounding factors was used to determine differences in means of ASMMI by 25(OH)D status. The mean values of ASMMI were higher for men when compared with women. Women had a greater proportion of hypovitaminosis (71·1%) compared with men (53·2%). After adjusting for multiple factors, men were seen to have significant differences in ASMMI based on 25(OH)D status regardless of age, showing a lower mean value of ASSMI in those with hypovitaminosis. However, there was no difference in ASMMI by 25(OH)D status among women in both younger and older age groups. In conclusion, we found that there might be a positive relationship between 25(OH)D and skeletal muscle mass in men, indicating that interventions to improve 25(OH)D levels that are aimed at increasing muscle mass could be beneficial for men with more rapid decreased rate of skeletal muscle mass.

Topics: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; Absorptiometry, Photon; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Calcifediol; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Development; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Atrophy; Nutrition Surveys; Nutritional Status; Republic of Korea; Risk; Sarcopenia; Sex Factors; Vitamin D Deficiency; Whole Body Imaging

Poor vitamin D status can increase age-related muscle mass loss. However, existing prospective evidence is limited and controversial.. This study aimed to investigate the association of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with muscle mass loss in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals over 6 years.. We conducted a prospective cohort study.. This community-based study included 568 men and women aged 50 to 70 years at baseline.. Baseline plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D and biomarkers of liver and kidney functions and inflammation were measured. Body composition was assessed at baseline and 6-year follow-up by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) and trunk lean mass were calculated and total body lean mass was defined as an overall measure of total nonfat and nonbone tissues.. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were applied.. The 6-year loss of ASMM was 1.14 kg (5.3%) in men and 0.47 kg (3.1%) in women (all P values <0.001). Compared with the highest 25(OH)D tertile, participants in the lowest tertile had significantly more absolute loss of ASMM (-1.21 vs -1.00 kg; P for trend=0.024) after multivariate adjustments for conventional confounders, as well as protein intake. The association persisted after additional adjustment of bone mineral density and inflammatory markers (P for trend=0.017). No significant associations were detected between 25(OH)D and absolute loss of trunk lean mass or total body lean mass.. Lower 25(OH)D concentrations were prospectively associated with greater ASMM loss in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals independent of bone mineral density, inflammation, diet, and other risk factors.

Topics: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; Aged; Aging; Biomarkers; Calcifediol; China; Cohort Studies; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle, Skeletal; Nutritional Status; Prospective Studies; Sarcopenia; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Characteristics; Vitamin D Deficiency

An association between vitamin D status and sarcopenia has not been shown in a community-dwelling cohort, despite the well-documented relationship between vitamin D status and falls.. Our objective was to investigate whether vitamin D level is associated with sarcopenia in older Koreans.. The Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the Korean population was conducted in 2009.. Participants included 1380 men and 1789 women aged 50 yr or older.. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and PTH levels were measured. Sarcopenia was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by body weight that was less than 2 sd below the sex-specific mean for young adults. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 27.5 kg/m(2) or higher.. 25(OH)D level correlated negatively with appendicular fat mass and positively with appendicular skeletal mass. The groups with sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenia only had lower 25(OH)D levels than did the nonsarcopenia groups. However, 25(OH)D levels did not differ between the sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenia groups. After adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and lifestyle factors, compared with those in the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D level, participants in the highest quartile had an odds ratio for sarcopenia of 0.47 (95% confidence interval = 0.30-0.73; P for trend = 0.001). There was no association between PTH and sarcopenia after adjustment of BMI.. Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in subjects with sarcopenia than in those without, regardless of obesity. We found a strong inverse association between 25(OH)D level and sarcopenia in the older Korean population.

Topics: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; Aged; Asian People; Body Mass Index; Calcifediol; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition Surveys; Obesity; Parathyroid Hormone; Republic of Korea; Risk Factors; Sarcopenia; Vitamin D Deficiency