17-ketosteroids and Polycystic-Ovary-Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Glands; Androgen Antagonists; Androstenedione; Animals; Cimetidine; Cyproterone; Cyproterone Acetate; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Ovulation Induction; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Spironolactone; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; 3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Androgens; Androstane-3,17-diol; Androstenedione; Cells, Cultured; Child; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Dihydrotestosterone; Estradiol; Female; Fibroblasts; Hirsutism; Humans; Liver; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sebaceous Glands; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; Skin; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgens; Castration; Estradiol; Estrone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovarian Follicle; Ovary; Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Middle Aged; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Amenorrhea; Biopsy; Child; Dysmenorrhea; Endometrium; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Obesity; Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Androgens; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sex Factors; Testosterone; Thyroid Diseases; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome; Androgens; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Methods; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Protein Binding; Secretory Rate; Skin; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Clomiphene; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Androsterone; Blood; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Cushing Syndrome; Dysgerminoma; Estradiol; Estrone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropins; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Hypogonadism; Metabolism; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnenolone; Progesterone; Testosterone; Urine; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Androgens; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Hypothalamus; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Pituitary Gland; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnenolone; Progesterone; Steroids; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Amenorrhea; Androsterone; Cysts; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovary; Pathology; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Urine

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Glands; Breast; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diethylstilbestrol; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Glucuronates; Humans; Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; Luteinizing Hormone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Radioimmunoassay; Turner Syndrome

Late-onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) is a congenital enzymatic defect in the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid steroidogenic pathways. The manifestations, including hirsutism and infertility, usually occur at puberty or young adulthood. In infertile, anovulatory women with late-onset 21-OHD, the usual therapy is glucocorticoids for ovulation induction. In this case, we report the sole use of clomiphene citrate to induce ovulation in a patient with late-onset 21-OHD. A hirsute and oligomenorrheic woman was diagnosed as having polycystic ovary syndrome at age 25. Her hirsutism responded to oral contraceptives. At age 31, she was given clomiphene citrate alone for ovulation induction and conceived in her fourth cycle. At age 36, because of increased hirsutism she was diagnosed with late-onset 21-OHD by an ACTH stimulation test. The induction of ovulation in late-onset 21-OHD patients has been with glucocorticoids. Given the success in inducing ovulation with clomiphene citrate alone in this patient with well-documented late-onset 21-OHD, it may be worthwhile to study the sole use of clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in these patients.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Clomiphene; Female; Fertility Agents, Female; Hirsutism; Hormones; Humans; Infertility, Female; Ovulation; Ovulation Induction; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

On the basis of clinical and hormonal investigations of 58 girls with hirsutism aged between 15-19 years there were confirmed congenital adrenal hyperplasia in 3.4%, late onset adrenal hyperplasia in 24.1% and polycystic ovary syndrome in 72.4%. The proper diagnosis were established above all on endocrinological investigations especially on determinations of 17- ketosteroids, of DHEA, of 17 OH-corticoids in urine and RIA of total and free testosterone in blood.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

After the wedge resection of the ovaries the authors obtained the normal menses in 100%, the reduction of total testosterone in blood of 41.8% and of 17-KS in urine of 20%, an increase of fertility of 62.5% and in hirsutism a correction only of 12%, the stopping of 12% and no correction of 76%. The authors conclude that the cause of the healing or of the correction is placed in the resection of 3/4 of the changed ovaries with cysts follicles with distinct thecal layer what is accompanied by the reduction of testosterone on average of 41.8%. On contrary a weak correction in hirsutism has the explanation that the existent hirsutism is supported even by the normal level of testosterone in organism.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Female; Fertility; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Menstruation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Treatment Outcome

One hundred and fourteen nontumorous hirsute women were investigated. The degree of hirsutism, the menstrual abnormalities and the level of 17-ketosteroids, of DHEA, of 17-OH-corticoids in urine and RIA of total and free testosterone and of sex binding globulins (SHBG) in blood were performed. On the basis of endocrinological and ultrasonographic determinations 3 patients were diagnosed as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 35 patients as late onset adrenal hyperplasia and 57 women as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). The maximal mean level (X + SD) of total and free testosterone above 0.5 ng/ml relatively above 5.05 pg/ml were performed in 94.3% relatively 97.1% in late onset adrenal hyperplasia and in 78.9% relatively 87.7% in PCO. The diagnosis of PCO is possible among 75% of all hirsute patients after exclusion the patients with late onset adrenal hyperplasia. The PCO is confirmed by hormonal or/and ultrasonographic examination. The diagnosis of late onset adrenal hyperplasia is allowable only by hormonal investigation.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Amenorrhea; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hirsutism; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; Testosterone; Ultrasonography

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Blood; Blood Transfusion, Autologous; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Ultraviolet Therapy

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovariectomy; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) is frequently associated with elevated plasma levels of adrenal androgens and/or abnormal adrenal androgen responses to hormonal stimulation and suppression. Because of the overlap in the output of hormones between the adrenal glands and the ovaries, we measured adrenal iodocholesterol accumulation as an index of adrenocortical function in 11 women with PCO confirmed by laparoscopy or culdoscopy. All patients had normal dexamethasone suppression of plasma cortisol or urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion. 6 beta-[131I]Iodomethylnorcholesterol (NP-59) adrenal scintiscans showed bilateral and excessive adrenal cortical uptake in PCO patients [0.46 +/- 0.08% (+/- SE) of the administered dose compared to 0.21 +/- 0.01% in a group of normal women; P less than 0.05]. The elevation of adrenal cortical NP-59 uptake in PCO was quantitatively similar to that in women with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome (0.64 +/- 0.11%; P greater than 0.1). These data support the presence of abnormal adrenal cortical function in patients with PCO. The adrenal dysfunction of PCO most likely represents abnormal control of adrenal androgen production/secretion.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex; Adult; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Iodine Radioisotopes; Luteinizing Hormone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radionuclide Imaging; Reference Values; Testosterone

Eighty-four treatment units were given to 11 women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). PCOD was defined as oligomenorrhea elevated luteinizing hormone (LH), normal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and preference-elevated androgens. Luteinizing-releasing hormone (LRH) was administered intravenously via a portable infusion pump. Doses varied between 5 and 40 micrograms/pulse given at 60-, 90-, or 120-minute intervals. In 11 women, 85 treatment units (TUs) were completed, of which 74 were ovulatory, showing no specific advantage of any particular pulse dose or pulse interval. Five pregnancies occurred in three women. Two women did not ovulate during 52 and 284 consecutive days of therapy, respectively. Oligomenorrheic patients with PCOD can be made more regular by means of LRH, not necessarily leading to a regular menstrual cycle. In general, LRH is sufficient for luteal support. No signs of hyperstimulation were observed, although two patients incidently developed unilocular cysts with a maximum diameter of 8 cm. Ovulation induction with LRH in PCOD is possible, although the disease itself does not change during therapy. This may be further evidence that altered hypothalamic LRH secretion is more the result, rather than the cause, of the phenomenon of PCOD.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androstenedione; Anovulation; Clomiphene; Drug Resistance; Estradiol; Estrogens; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Luteal Phase; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovulation Induction; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Saliva; Testosterone

Patients with moderate to severe hirsutism presenting over an 18-month period to an endocrine clinic were assessed by clinical evaluation and hormone measurements. Hair growth rate was estimated by a photographic technique and the severity of hirsutism graded using an objective scale. Of 43 patients, 9 had polycystic ovaries and the remainder were considered to have idiopathic hirsutism. The most severely affected group had significantly increased hair growth rates compared with less clinically affected subjects, and 47% of this group showed objective features of virilization. However, apart from a significantly higher 24-hr urine 17-ketosteroid excretion all other hormonal patterns were not significantly different between severely and mildly affected patients. Serum levels of testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free T (calculated from T and SHBG values), and androstenedione (A) were abnormal in 44%, 51%, 60% and 60% of patients respectively, whereas plasma levels of the specific adrenal androgen DHAS were increased in 40% of patients. There was an overlap between patients with elevated hormone levels, although isolated elevation of T, A or DHAS were seen in 9%, 19% and 3% of patients respectively. In 19% of patients all serum androgen measurements were normal. Gonadotrophin levels were significantly lower in the more severely affected group. Thus androgen levels in patients with idiopathic hirsutism or polycystic ovaries, show considerable overlap with measurements in normal subjects, and elevated plasma androgens may be of adrenal (DHAS) or combined adrenal/ovarian (T, A) origin.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Female; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged; Photography; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin

The research here reported concerns 9 hirsute women, four of them with PCO and five with idiopathic hirsutism, who underwent treatment with spironolactone. 4 non hirsute hypertensive cases served as control. For one year hair growth, testosterone, 17 Ks, estradiol and gonadotropins behaviours were studied in all of the patients. Results clearly show that the peripherical response (the hair) to the therapy is only just sufficient, and corresponds to a good reduction of the androgenic hormones in blood. However, there is also an LH gonadotropin secretion reduction which is statistically scarcely significant. If the therapeutic response of hair were good, fetal risk could be prevented with safe and contemporaneous contraception. However, since the response is scarcely sufficient, we do not think this therapy is more advisable than other ones.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Spironolactone; Testosterone; Time Factors

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Glands; Chemistry, Clinical; Female; Humans; Hypogonadism; Male; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testis

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Dopamine; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androstenedione; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstruation Disturbances; Obesity; Pain; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone; Prolactin; Testosterone; Vasotocin

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgens; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Cushing Syndrome; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Virilism

Five females with idiopathic hirsutism, ten with adrenogenital syndrome, four with acne vulgaris, and three with Stein-Leventhal syndrome were treated for nine months with large or small doses of cyproterone acetate (100 or 2 mg daily, respectively) in combination with oestrogen. The drug had a good effect on the acne vulgaris and moderated the hirsutism. In the various patient groups the serum testosterone level was decreased to between 58.6% (+/- 28.7% S.E.) and 10.8% (+/- 8.2% S.E.) of the basal value. No essential difference in effectiveness was observed between the large and small doses. Based on study of the side-effects, it is recommended that laboratory liver tests are used for control.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cyproterone; Cyproterone Acetate; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

A thorough knowledge of the biochemistry and metabolism of androgens in the female patient is extremely important for the understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of hyperandrogenic states. It is now possible to not only measure 17-ks and total plasma testosterone levels, but also to have an index of the biologically active fraction of plasma testosterone. Treatment of excess androgen disorders can be achieved by combination estrogen-progestin steroid suppression or by ovulation induction.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Humans; Ovulation Induction; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; Testosterone

Forty-two patients ages 15 to 20 years (average 17.3 years) were evaluated for oligomenorrhea. Group I consisted of 19 patients with evidence of androgen excess (hirsutism, clitoromegaly, acne); and Group II included 23 patients without evidence of androgen excess. Sixteen of the 19 patients in Group I had elevated serum LH and normal FSH values. Serum total testosterone concentration was elevated in 12 patients and free T was elevated in one additional patient. In nine patients urinary 17KS excretion was elevated and dexamethasone suppressible. For the purpose of treatment, patients in Group I were divided into three subgroups: IA, polycystic ovary syndrome--12 patients; IB, adrenal block--two patients; IC, combined adrenal and ovarian hyperandrogenism--five patients. Among the 23 Group II patients, four had persistently elevated serum LH and normal FSH values, suggesting PCO; three had menopausal levels of LA and FSH; one had hyperprolactinemia and a depressed floor of the pituitary sella; and the remaining 15 patients had low to normal serum levels of LH and FSH, consistent with hypothalamic suppression. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adolescents with oligomenorrhea are discussed on the basis of these findings.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adult; Endocrine System Diseases; Female; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Oligomenorrhea; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Androgen Antagonists; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Five patients were found to have hyperthecosis ovarii as evidenced by the presence of large lipid containing thecal cells in the ovarian stroma. The clinical picture was similar in all of them, featuring mild virilization, obesity and oligomenorrhea, with refractoriness to clomid therapy. Plasma FSH levels were low normal, while LH levels were slightly elevated. Urinary 17-ketosteroids levels were elevated, and plasma testosterone concentrations were upper normal. The response to dexamethasone suppression and HCG stimulation is discussed. The effect of wedge resection on the clinical and endocrinologic pictures is evaluated.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Wedge resection (WR) was performed in 12 women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), and Incision was done in 4 PCOD patients without any resection of ovarian tissue. Serum LH, FSH, estradiol-17beta (E2), progesterone, and urinary 17 ketosteroid (17KS) were measured serially before and after surgery. Neither WR nor Incision had any effect on FSH levels. Serum LH levels which had been hypergonadotropic preoperatively, became markedly lower 7--14 days after surgery in 12 wedge-resected and 2 incised patients. Within 7 days after WR there was a significant fall of E2 and a decrease of 17KS. In addition to those hormonal changes observed after WR, BBT charts turned out to be diphasic after the oral administration of dydrogesterone (Duphaston) in 12 out of 17 PCOD patients. The present data suggest that the reduction of the serum LH, induced by an interaction between the ovarian steroidogenesis and the suprapituitary mechanisms, might be involved in the occurrence of ovulation after WR in PCOD patients.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Administration, Oral; Adult; Body Temperature; Dydrogesterone; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Methods; Ovary; Ovulation Induction; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone

Seventy seven cases of micropolycystic ovaries were reviewed. All of the patients underwent either coelioscopy or wedge resection of the ovaries. It was thus possible to classify the patients into two groups on the basis of the size of the ovaries (MPCO-A, large ovaries, more than twice the normal size; MPCO-B, ovaries only slightly increased in size or normal). There were differences from a clinical, laboratory and therapeutic standpoint. In MPCO-A, spaniomenorrhea predominated, clinical hyperandrogenism was often absent and 17 ketosteroids lower. Response to hypothalamic gonadotrophic hormone liberation factor was explosive in luteotrophic hormone, but at 120 minutes levels were lower in MPCO-A than in MPCO-B. Wedge resection failed completely in 23% of cases of MPCO-A and in 66% of cases of MPCO-B. This study confirmed current concepts of the heterogeneity of MPCO syndrome.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Menotropins; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

A third case of a testosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma is presented. It differs from the other 2 cases in additionally having glucocorticoid abnormalities. Clinically, the patient had been considered as having polycystic ovaries and did show some improvement with estrogen therapy. In fact, were it not for enlarging uterine leiomyomata on this therapy which prompted a more in depth investigation to look for alternative therapy, this potentially malignant adrenal lesion may never have been discovered.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Fourteen patients with clinically diagnosed and surgically documented polycystic ovarian (Stein-Leventhal) disease (PCOD) and 16 normal control women were studied to identify the laboratory test or tests that, from the clinician's point of view, are most likely to aid in the nonsurgical diagnosis of the disease. A single random morning blood specimen was assayed in all cases for testosterone, epitestosterone, androstenedione, FSH and LH. The mean testosterone level for the PCOD patients was significantly greater (p less than 0.001) than that for the controls, with 50% of the patients showing elevated levels. Androstenedione showed a similar pattern, but mean epitestosterone levels were not significantly different from controls. FSH was not significantly different, but LH levels were significantly higher than controls (p less than 0.005), with 10 of 13 (77%) demonstrating elevated levels. A strong positive correlation was also found between the degree of virilization and the levels of LH, testosterone and androstenedione. This study suggests that the most useful diagnostic laboratory assay from a single drawing of blood is the serum LH; the only other useful test is testosterone and/or androstenedione. These data do not support other reports of elevated levels of epitestosterone or decreased values of FSH in PCOD.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androstenedione; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Virilism

Total 24 hour urinary 17-ketosteroid and serum testosterone (T), androstenedione (delta), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DS), and cortisol levels were measured before and during four days of dexamethasone administration in 28 hirsute patients and 10 women with normal ovulatory cycles. Both the base-line urinary 17-ketosteroids and serum androgen levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in hirsute than in normal subjects. Cortisol levels were similar in the two groups. Dexamethasone administration resulted in a significant suppression (p less than 0.05) of all the urinary and serum androgen and cortisol levels in both groups. At the end of suppression the serum DHEA, DS and cortisol levels were similar, while the urinary 17-ketosteroids and serum T and delta levels were still significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in the hirsute than in normal women. There was poor correlation between total urinary 17-ketosteroid and serum androgen results. These finding suggest there is a dual abnormality of androgen production in hirsute patients. The adrenal glands appear to secrete increased quatities of DHEA and DA, while the ovaries appear to produce elevated amounts of T and delta.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

One hundred and one patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) were treated during an 11-year interval. Sixty-seven cases were classified as typical PCO with enlarged ovaries of probable ovarian origin (Type I) and 34 as atypical PCO of probable adrenal origin (Type II). Fifty-five patients were treated for anovulatory infertility with clomiphene citrate or other endocrine therapy as indicated. There was a 91% ovulatory response and 51% conception rate from therapy in cases of Type I PCO. In Type II PCO, adrenal suppressive therapy resulted in a 55% ovulatory response. Our data support the concept that anovulation of ovarian origin as seen in PCO Type I responds to clomiphene therapy, while anovulation secondary to adrenal hyperandrogenization should be treated by adrenal suppressive therapy.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Clomiphene; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Adolescent girls and single women with progressive hirsutism due to polycystic ovaries present a therapeutic dilemma. Clomiphene citrate is useful only to induce ovulation and has no beneficial effect on hirsutism. Surgical wedge resection of these ovaries usually arrests progression of hirsutism and restores ovulatory menses. Such treatment, however, is best reserved until such time as pregnancy would be an equal objective. Treatment of 5 patients by hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian suppression with 100-mg estradiol pellets implanted subcutaneously every 6 months reduced ovarian size in all 5 patients and halted the progression of hirsutism.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Medroxyprogesterone; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Twelve patients with histologically verified polycystic ovary syndrome were investigated with special regard given to the effect of wedge resection on androgen status. Adrenal disorders were excluded in every case by determination of cortisol and corticosterone metabolites. Prior to and at least 6 months after surgery all patients were subjected to adrenal stimulation followed by adrenal suppression and ovarian stimulation. Comparison between pre- and postoperative studies revealed that only an insignificant reduction in the excretion of 17-ketosteroid had occurred and, although at lower levels, the stimulatory effect of hCG on ovarian androgens was still present. Clinically, 10 patients had had regular periods at followup, and 3 had become pregnant. In no case had hair growth slowed, bu the rate had declined. Seemingly, wedge resection does not significantly influence the biochemical pattern connected with the polycystic ovary syndrome.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Function Tests; Adult; Androgens; Androsterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Humans; Ovarian Function Tests; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Testosterone

The polycystic ovary has the capacity to produce excessive androgens (delta4-androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and testosterone). Whether this disorder is caused by constant pituitary priming of the ovaries due to hypothalamic-pituitary derangement or an ovarian enzyme defect, the end result is the same, i.e., abnormal androgen production. In an effort to explain the syndrome, we offer the hypothesis of an inherently sensitized adrenal secreting excessive androgen which leads to an imbalance in the hypothalamic-pituitary axia. The result is a tonic stimulation of the ovaries eventuating in "the androgenic polycystic ovary."

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Androgens; Anovulation; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Corpus Luteum; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Veins

As a result of investigation and treatment of 5000 patients with disorders in menstrual function and endocrinous sterility sclerocystic ovaries were diagnosed in 1.8-2% (90 patients). In 6 of them ovarian changes were associated with cancer of the uterine body. In uterine body cancer and sclerocystic ovaries opsomenorrhea and menorrhagia, obesity were of great persistance, the duration of the disease being 12-20 years. Based on the conducted investigations it is considered rational to perform a wedge resection as early as possible, but not following many years of unsuccessful hormone therapy, and to study histologically endometrial curettage specimens. In recurrence of the disease and enlargement even of one ovary a repeat wedge ovariectomy should be performed.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenocarcinoma; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androgens; Androsterone; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Androgen binding proteins (ABP) have not been described in the ovary. We have studied cyst fluids from three patients with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and one patient with choriocarcinoma for the presence of ABP. All contained a high affinity, low capacity binding protein for dihydrotestosterone and 17beta-estradiol. Comparison of this protein with the plasma androgen binding protein (TeBG) in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and equilibrium dialysis did not reveal any significant differences in molecular size (Kg) net charge (Yo), radius R, molecular weight (mol wt), heat stability, steroid specificity, or binding affinity (Ka). Cyst fluid and plasma could not be distinguished from each other on the basis of protein composition as measured by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. In the one patient studied, the binding capacity for DHT in cyst fluid and plasma was 58.1 and 16.1 ng/Gm protein, respectively.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Blood Proteins; Choriocarcinoma; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Receptors, Androgen; Receptors, Steroid; Testosterone; Uterine Neoplasms

The combined dexamethasone-HCG test was employed in 57 patients with excessive androgen secretion in order to differentiate the Stein-Leventhal syndrome from other disorders associated with increased androgen production. The patients were classified according to the test results. All except two of the patients gave a test result typical for the Stein-Leventhal syndrome.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Endocrine System Diseases; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Oligomenorrhea; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Virilism

The endocrine findings in two adolescents with hyperthecosis are compared to those in a patient with an androgenic ovarian tumor. In patients with hyperthecosis, luteinizing hormone values were elevated or in the upper normal range, and plasma testosterone and androstenedione values were increased. Following dexamethasone suppression, testosterone and androstenedione values remained elevated, but after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin, they increased further in only one patient. Baseline 17-ketosteroid values were normal, suppressed with dexamethasone, and stimulated to baseline levels following HCG. The patient with a lipoid cell ovarian tumor had low baseline LH levels, and elevated testosterone, androstenedione, and 17-ketosteroid values. Dexamethasone produced little change in urinary or plasma values, but the 17-ketosteroids increased markedly after administration of HCG. The finding of low serum LH values in patients with hirsutism and elevated androgen secretion should alert the clinician to the possibility of a tumor.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Androgens; Androstenedione; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

The clinical features, ovarian pathology, and hormonal responses to dexamethasone (Dex), Dex + ethinyl estradiol (EE), and Dex + hCG were compared in 5 women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) who have normal 24-hr urinary luteinizing hormone (LH levels to 5 who had elevated urinary LH levels. No differences were noted in the clinical features. There was no correlation between ovary size and LH levels. Three in the normal-LH group had hyperthecosis. Plasma androstenedione (A) was more frequently elevated in the high-LH group. Dex + EE markedly increased LH secretion in the high-LH group, suggesting increased responsiveness of the positive feedback control mechanism of LH secretion in the high-LH group. There was a greater response of A, testosterone (T), and 17-ketosteroids to Dex + hCG in the normal-LH group. Those with high-LH levels did not exhibit a significant increase in A, T, and 17-KS with hCG. The limitations and usefulness of the Dex + hCG test are discussed. The hypothesis is advanced that the increased LH secretion in the high-LH group is due at least in part to positive feedback resulting from the increased A levels. The amount of 17beta-oxidoreductase activity in the ovary may influence LH secretion in PCOD.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androstenedione; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Oxidoreductases; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, pregnenolone and progesterone concentration was determined by our sensitive gas-liquid chromatographic method in ovarian tissues obtained from surgery of patients without hirsutism and with Stein-Leventhal syndrome. The steroids, except testosterone, were detectable in all ovaries studied. Dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione, regarded as preandrogens, were present in an increased amount in almost all patients with polycycstic ovaries. Gas chromatographic evidence was obtained for the presence of testosterone in two of the cases. The delta4/3betaOH ratio reflecting 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was decreased only in same patients with the Stein-Leventhal syndrome suggesting that the impaired function of this enzyme is not an obligatory feature of polycystic ovaries. Concentration of pregnenolone and progesterone measured in a part of cases varied in a great range although the determination was caried out before luteal phase. Simultaneous determination of hormones in both ovarian tissues revealed an active and an inactive period of the gland in the given time, since a great difference of hormone concentration in bilateral ovarian tissues were observed. A comparison of hormone content in ovaries and the urinary excretion of metabolites showed poor correlation between the two parameters of hormone production.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Chromatography, Gas; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; Middle Aged; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnenolone; Progesterone; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Menopause; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Bulgaria; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Seven oophorectomized patients were administered a total of 60,000 units of human chorionic gonadotropin over a 3-day period, and plasma testosterone levels were obtained. One of the 7 patients demonstrated a definitive response to the hormone but repeat testing proved to be negative. The potential role of luteinizing hormone in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome is discussed and current evidence linking LH to adrenal androgenesis is reviewed. Modifications that may be employed for future study are suggested.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adult; Androgens; Castration; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Estrogens; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Luteinizing Hormone; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Abdomen; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Child; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acanthosis Nigricans; Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Androstenedione; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Mestranol; Norethindrone; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Thecoma

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Amenorrhea; Androstenedione; Cystadenoma; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Epithelium; Female; Humans; Leydig Cells; Male; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sertoli Cells; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Biopsy; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Clitoris; Dexamethasone; Face; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Laparoscopy; Mestranol; Norethynodrel; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Amenorrhea; Dexamethasone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Ethynodiol Diacetate; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Mestranol; Obesity; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Amenorrhea; Biopsy; Body Temperature; Cholesterol; Corticosterone; Endometrium; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Menstruation; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Cysts; Ovulation; Phenobarbital; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnanediol; Stimulation, Chemical; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Androstenedione; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Luteinizing Hormone; Mestranol; Norethindrone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay; Testosterone; Time Factors

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Castration; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Erythrocyte Count; Female; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Humans; Ovary; Physical Examination; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Amenorrhea; Child, Preschool; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Mosaicism; Obesity; Pituitary Diseases; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Sex Chromosome Aberrations; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Clomiphene; Dexamethasone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstruation Disturbances; Methods; Ovary; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androgens; Catheterization; Female; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Veins

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androstenedione; Dexamethasone; Diabetes Complications; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Luteinizing Hormone; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Ovarian Diseases; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adult; Amenorrhea; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Middle Aged; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Diseases; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Androsterone; Chromatography; Diagnosis, Differential; Estrogens; Etiocholanolone; Female; Gonadotropins; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Gonadal Tissue; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Colorimetry; Cushing Syndrome; Disorders of Sex Development; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Mathematics; Methods; Photochemistry; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Thyroidectomy

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menopause; Ovarian Diseases; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Vaginal Smears; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Clomiphene; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Time Factors

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androstanes; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenal Insufficiency; Adult; Aged; Alcohols; Amenorrhea; Androsterone; Carcinoma; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Hyperthyroidism; Hypospadias; Infant; Infertility, Male; Klinefelter Syndrome; Lactation Disorders; Male; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androstanes; Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Female; Glucuronidase; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanes; Tritium

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Gonadotropins; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Abortion, Habitual; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Chemistry, Clinical; Chromatography, Gas; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Drug Stability; Estrogens; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolases; Hydrolysis; Male; Methods; Methylation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnanediol; Silicon; Steroids

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Body Temperature; Clomiphene; Dexamethasone; Estrogens; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Cysts; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Radioimmunoassay; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Dexamethasone; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgens; Chromatography; Dexamethasone; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Japan; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Tritium

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Chromatography; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androgens; Biopsy; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Depression, Chemical; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Stimulation, Chemical

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Female; Humans; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prednisone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgens; Androstanes; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Female; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Androsterone; Breast Neoplasms; Carbon Isotopes; Carcinoma; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Endocrine System Diseases; Etiocholanolone; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prostatic Neoplasms; Testosterone; Tritium

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Cushing Syndrome; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Norethynodrel; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Clomiphene; Endometrium; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Humans; Infertility, Female; Lynestrenol; Ovary; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Uterus

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Administration, Oral; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Body Weight; Creatinine; Depression, Chemical; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketosteroids; Metabolism; Obesity; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanes; Stimulation, Chemical; Time Factors; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Infertility, Female; Iodine Radioisotopes; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstruation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androstanes; Clitoris; Diethylstilbestrol; Estrogens; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Middle Aged; Norethynodrel; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Clomiphene; Drug Synergism; Endometrium; Estrogens; Female; Fertility; Gonadotropins; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Infertility, Female; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnanediol; Receptors, Drug; Stimulation, Chemical; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Carbon Isotopes; Estradiol; Estriol; Estrogens; Estrone; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Stimulation, Chemical

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adsorption; Adult; Chemistry, Clinical; Child; Child, Preschool; Cushing Syndrome; Disorders of Sex Development; Ethisterone; Female; Glucuronidase; Hirsutism; Humans; Infant; Magnesium; Methods; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Puberty, Precocious; Silicon Dioxide; Tetrazolium Salts

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androstanes; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Protein Binding; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Dexamethasone; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Endometrium; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Humans; Karyotyping; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Secretory Rate; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Cysts; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Vagina; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sex Chromatin

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Depression, Chemical; Dexamethasone; Diethylstilbestrol; Estrogens; Feedback; Female; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Stimulation, Chemical

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Androsterone; Chromatography; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Mucoproteins; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Androsterone; Cushing Syndrome; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Amenorrhea; Diagnosis, Differential; Endocrine Glands; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Humans; Lactation Disorders; Obesity; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Androgens; Carcinoma; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Endometrial Hyperplasia; Endometrium; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progestins; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Chromatography, Gas; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Endometriosis; Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Leiomyoma; Methods; Middle Aged; Ovarian Cysts; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone; Testosterone; Tritium; Veins

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Chiari-Frommel Syndrome; Chromatography; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Granulosa Cell Tumor; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone; Steroids; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Carbon Isotopes; Chemistry, Clinical; Chromatography, Paper; Crystallization; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Ovarian Cysts; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Amenorrhea; Culdoscopy; Endometrium; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Child; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Etiocholanolone; Female; Humans; Hypopituitarism; Male; Methods; Pheochromocytoma; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanes; Statistics as Topic; Steroids

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Ovulation; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Androsterone; Estradiol; Estriol; Estrogens; Estrone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Humans; Male; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Clomiphene; Female; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Biopsy; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Karyotyping; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Disorders of Sex Development; Female; Gonads; Humans; Hypogonadism; Male; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Turner Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Child, Preschool; Cushing Syndrome; Endocrine Glands; Female; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Virilism

The average plasma testosterone concentration of women with either hirsutism or polycystic ovaries and hirsutism was higher (p < 0.01) than that of normal women although the ranges overlapped. Testosterone blood production rates averaged 830 +/- 120 SE and 1,180 +/- 310 SE mug per day in the two groups of hirsute women and 230 +/- 33 SE mug per day in normal women. The ranges did not overlap. The testosterone metabolic clearance rates of hirsute women (1,090 +/- 140 SE L per day) and of men (1,240 +/- 136 SE L per day) were significantly higher than those of normal women (590 +/- 44 SE L per day). These differences persisted when the metabolic clearance rates were corrected for surface area. We suggest that testosterone metabolic clearance rates vary directly with some function of testosterone production. The mean plasma androstenedione levels (2.8 +/- 0.35 SE and 2.8 +/- 0.30 SE mug per L) and production rates (6,060 +/- 450 SE and 7,360 +/- 345 SE mug per day) of the women with hirsutism or polycystic ovaries, respectively, were significantly higher than those of normal women (1.5 +/- 0.22 SE mug per L; 3,300 +/- 830 SE mug per day). The androstenedione metabolic clearance rates were the same in each group. Plasma androstenedione was the precursor of 49% of plasma testosterone in normal women and of 26% of plasma testosterone in hirsute women. Thus, 74% of the plasma testosterone in these subjects must have been either secreted or derived from a precursor that did not enter the plasma androstenedione pool.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Obesity; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Amenorrhea; Dexamethasone; Estradiol; Estriol; Estrone; Feedback; Female; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Metyrapone; Middle Aged; Ovarian Cysts; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Cysts; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Steroids; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Androsterone; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Disorders of Sex Development; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Klinefelter Syndrome; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Testicular Neoplasms; Turner Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Androsterone; Chromatography, Gas; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Infertility, Female; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypogonadism; Male; Metyrapone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prednisolone; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Androstanes; Androsterone; Carbon Isotopes; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Tritium

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Blood; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Cysts; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acetates; Androgens; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Hydroxyprogesterones; In Vitro Techniques; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Ectopic; Pregnenolone; Progesterone; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Dexamethasone; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test; Glucuronates; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Menstruation Disturbances; Obesity; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Pituitary Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Thyroid Function Tests

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Humans; Hypogonadism; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androstenols; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Estrogens; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Amenorrhea; Androsterone; Blood Chemical Analysis; Chromatography; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Drug Therapy; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenogenital Syndrome; Amenorrhea; Chiari-Frommel Syndrome; Clomiphene; Drug Therapy; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Humans; Infertility; Infertility, Female; Ovulation; Pharmacology; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Stilbenes; Toxicology; Urine

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Clomiphene; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis; Female; Humans; Metyrapone; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Ovary; Pathology; Pharmacology; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenocarcinoma; Atrophy; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Clomiphene; Diagnosis; Drug Therapy; Endometriosis; Endometrium; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Genital Diseases, Female; Gonadotropins; Humans; Hyperplasia; Infertility; Infertility, Female; Ovulation; Pathology; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Stilbenes; Toxicology; Urine; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Diagnosis; Drug Therapy; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Progestins; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acromegaly; Addison Disease; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Blood; Child; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Glucuronates; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypogonadism; Klinefelter Syndrome; Male; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Cysts; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Menstruation Disturbances; Obesity; Ovarian Diseases; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prednisone; Urine

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Abortion, Missed; Blood; Diuresis; Electrolytes; Female; Humans; Labor, Induced; Oxytocin; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Luteinizing Hormone; Lynestrenol; Male; Mestranol; Norethindrone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testis; Testosterone; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Turner Syndrome; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Addison Disease; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adrenogenital Syndrome; Asthma; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Coccidioidomycosis; Cushing Syndrome; Diabetes Mellitus; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypopituitarism; Hypotension; Myocardial Infarction; Neurotic Disorders; Pituitary Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Pathology; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Research

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Blood Chemical Analysis; Female; Humans; Pathology; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Androsterone; Biomedical Research; Body Fluids; Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography; Female; Glucuronates; Humans; Metabolism; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sulfates; Testosterone; Tritium; Urine

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Betamethasone; Dexamethasone; Diethylstilbestrol; Drug Therapy; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Hysterectomy; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Steroids; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Amenorrhea; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Drug Therapy; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Ovulation; Ovulation Induction; Physiology; Pituitary Gland; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Progestins; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androsterone; Cholesterol; Circadian Rhythm; Cortisone; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Secretory Rate

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anatomy; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Steroids

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Menstruation Disturbances; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adrenogenital Syndrome; Androgens; Androsterone; Cysts; Female; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Thyroidectomy

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Castration; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Gonadotropins; Humans; Hysterectomy; Leiomyoma; Methylprednisolone; Ovariectomy; Ovary; Pharmacology; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Urine; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Cysts; Disorders of Sex Development; Female; Gynecology; Humans; Infertility; Infertility, Female; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Estradiol Congeners; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Metabolism; Ovarian Diseases; Ovulation; Pathology; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Administration, Oral; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Androsterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Metyrapone; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Androgens; Chemical Fractionation; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Chromatography; Female; Gonadotropins; Humans; Pharmacology; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Female; Gynecology; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Endocrine System Diseases; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Humans; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Urinary Tract

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone; Urinary Tract

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Chemical Fractionation; Chromatography; Dose Fractionation, Radiation; Female; Hormones; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome