17-ketosteroids and Hirsutism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Androgen Antagonists; Androgens; Cimetidine; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Spironolactone; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; 3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Androgens; Androstane-3,17-diol; Androstenedione; Cells, Cultured; Child; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Dihydrotestosterone; Estradiol; Female; Fibroblasts; Hirsutism; Humans; Liver; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sebaceous Glands; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; Skin; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgens; Castration; Estradiol; Estrone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovarian Follicle; Ovary; Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

The ongoing development and gradual availability of the new anti-androgens hold exciting clinical implications for the future. The biosynthesis and interchangeability of the sex steroids, the roles of the ovaries and adrenals and the value and interpretation of biochemical assays in clinical practice are briefly discussed. Because the anti-androgens are used primarily for seborrhoea/acne/hirsutism/oligomenorrhoea, the pathophysiological basis of this socially debilitating syndrome is discussed. The classification of the anti-androgens, their indications, side-effects, dosage schemes and results of treatment are reviewed. Finally, a summary of a possible clinical management regimen is presented.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Androgen Antagonists; Androgens; Androsterone; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Cyclopentanes; Cyproterone; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Dihydrotestosterone; Estradiol Congeners; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydroxysteroids; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Medroxyprogesterone; Nandrolone; Prostatic Neoplasms; Receptors, Androgen; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; Steroids; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Middle Aged; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Amenorrhea; Biopsy; Child; Dysmenorrhea; Endometrium; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Obesity; Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Androgens; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sex Factors; Testosterone; Thyroid Diseases; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Androstenedione; Child; Female; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Anabolic Agents; Androgens; Brain Diseases; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Progestins; Skin; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Androgens; Androstanes; Androstenols; Blood Proteins; Electrophoresis, Starch Gel; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Leydig Cell Tumor; Liver; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Cystadenoma; Cytoplasm; Female; Fibroblasts; Hirsutism; Humans; Leydig Cells; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Mitochondria; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Testosterone; Thecoma; Urine; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Karyotyping; Male; Sex Factors; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome; Androgens; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Methods; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Protein Binding; Secretory Rate; Skin; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Endocrine Glands; Endocrine System Diseases; Estriol; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation; Methods; Ovary; Pregnanediol; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Clomiphene; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Androgens; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Metabolism; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Insufficiency; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adrenogenital Syndrome; Anabolic Agents; Hirsutism; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertrichosis; Hypogonadism; Metabolism; Steroids; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Amenorrhea; Androsterone; Cysts; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovary; Pathology; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Urine

Treatment of virilization symptoms in 230 patients is reported. 68 patients were treated with Planovin (4 mg megestrol acetate and .05 mg ethinyl estradiol), 77 with SH81041 (100 mg Cyproterone acetate for 10 days and .05 mg ethinyl estradiol for 21 days), and 85 were treated first and Planovin and then with SH81041. Acne, seborrhea, hirsutism, and alopecia improved under treatment with each preparation; results were similar with acne and alopecia, while SH81041 was somewhat more effective than Planovin in treating seborrhea and hirsutism. Therapeutic results obtained during treatment with SH81041 in acne and alopecia are retained during Planovin treatment, but seborrhea and hirsutism become worse again. Successful treatment was independent of the severity of hirsutism and the duration of of treatment. Side effects included breakthrough bleeding and sweating.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Alopecia; Androgen Antagonists; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyproterone; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Megestrol; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androgens; Androstanes; Catheterization; Clinical Trials as Topic; Collateral Circulation; Contraceptives, Oral; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Methods; Ovary; Pituitary Function Tests; Secretory Rate; Testosterone; Veins

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acetates; Adenoma; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome; Androgens; Androsterone; Carbon Isotopes; Chemistry, Clinical; Chromatography, Paper; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cushing Syndrome; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Male; Methods; Myoma; Puberty, Precocious; Testosterone; Tritium; Uterine Neoplasms

Late-onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) is a congenital enzymatic defect in the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid steroidogenic pathways. The manifestations, including hirsutism and infertility, usually occur at puberty or young adulthood. In infertile, anovulatory women with late-onset 21-OHD, the usual therapy is glucocorticoids for ovulation induction. In this case, we report the sole use of clomiphene citrate to induce ovulation in a patient with late-onset 21-OHD. A hirsute and oligomenorrheic woman was diagnosed as having polycystic ovary syndrome at age 25. Her hirsutism responded to oral contraceptives. At age 31, she was given clomiphene citrate alone for ovulation induction and conceived in her fourth cycle. At age 36, because of increased hirsutism she was diagnosed with late-onset 21-OHD by an ACTH stimulation test. The induction of ovulation in late-onset 21-OHD patients has been with glucocorticoids. Given the success in inducing ovulation with clomiphene citrate alone in this patient with well-documented late-onset 21-OHD, it may be worthwhile to study the sole use of clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in these patients.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Clomiphene; Female; Fertility Agents, Female; Hirsutism; Hormones; Humans; Infertility, Female; Ovulation; Ovulation Induction; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Hirsutism in women is usually caused by benign adrenal or ovarian disorders, but it can also be caused by adrenal carcinoma. The most effective way to identify such carcinomas is not known.. We measured serum and urinary steroids before and after the administration of 3 mg of dexamethasone per day for five days in 14 hirsute women with histologically proved adrenal tumors (12 adrenal carcinomas and 2 adrenal adenomas) and in 73 women with hirsutism of non-neoplastic origin.. All the women with adrenal tumors had elevated basal serum concentrations of testosterone or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, as compared with 36 of the 73 women with non-neoplastic hirsutism (sensitivity, 100 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, 77 to 100; specificity, 50 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, 38 to 62). After the administration of dexamethasone, serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations and urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion decreased to values similar to those in normal women in all the women with non-neoplastic hirsutism, but in none of the 12 with adrenal tumors who were tested. All the women who did not have adrenal tumors had serum cortisol concentrations below 3.3 micrograms per deciliter (90 nmol per liter) after dexamethasone administration, whereas in all 12 patients tested who had tumors the values were higher. The suppression of serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cortisol and urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion excluded the likelihood of adrenal tumors with a sensitivity of 100 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 74 to 100) and a specificity of 100 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 89 to 100).. Among women with hirsutism, an adrenal tumor is unlikely if the patient has normal basal serum concentrations of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. In women in whom these concentrations are elevated, a tumor is unlikely if the serum concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion are in the normal basal range and the serum cortisol concentration is less than 3.3 micrograms per deciliter after the administration of dexamethasone.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Androstenedione; Carcinoma; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Dexamethasone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Luteinizing Hormone; Middle Aged; Reference Values; Testosterone

On the basis of clinical and hormonal investigations of 58 girls with hirsutism aged between 15-19 years there were confirmed congenital adrenal hyperplasia in 3.4%, late onset adrenal hyperplasia in 24.1% and polycystic ovary syndrome in 72.4%. The proper diagnosis were established above all on endocrinological investigations especially on determinations of 17- ketosteroids, of DHEA, of 17 OH-corticoids in urine and RIA of total and free testosterone in blood.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

A 40-year-old white woman presented with hirsutism, amenorrhea, generalized fatigue, diffuse weight gain, acral changes, and coarsened facial features. Physical examination revealed mild diastolic hypertension, acromegalic features, hirsutism, and seborrhea. The growth hormone concentration was elevated and did not suppress after glucose administration. Urinary free cortisol excretion was increased and was not suppressed during a 2 mg low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. Magnetic resonance imaging of the sella demonstrated a 1.3 x 1.2 x 0.8 cm pituitary adenoma. Trans-sphenoidal resection was performed, and portions of the resected tumor were analyzed by routine pathologic methods. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings indicated discrete growth hormone- and adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing pituitary adenomas. Coexisting acromegaly and Cushing's syndrome due to pituitary neoplasia was previously reported in two patients. However, to the authors' knowledge, this represents the first description of a patient with acromegaly and Cushing's disease resulting from discrete synchronous adenomas of the pituitary gland as defined by modern histopathologic techniques.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acromegaly; Adenoma; Adult; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pituitary Neoplasms; Reference Values; Testosterone

One hundred and fourteen nontumorous hirsute women were investigated. The degree of hirsutism, the menstrual abnormalities and the level of 17-ketosteroids, of DHEA, of 17-OH-corticoids in urine and RIA of total and free testosterone and of sex binding globulins (SHBG) in blood were performed. On the basis of endocrinological and ultrasonographic determinations 3 patients were diagnosed as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 35 patients as late onset adrenal hyperplasia and 57 women as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). The maximal mean level (X + SD) of total and free testosterone above 0.5 ng/ml relatively above 5.05 pg/ml were performed in 94.3% relatively 97.1% in late onset adrenal hyperplasia and in 78.9% relatively 87.7% in PCO. The diagnosis of PCO is possible among 75% of all hirsute patients after exclusion the patients with late onset adrenal hyperplasia. The PCO is confirmed by hormonal or/and ultrasonographic examination. The diagnosis of late onset adrenal hyperplasia is allowable only by hormonal investigation.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Amenorrhea; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hirsutism; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; Testosterone; Ultrasonography

17-Ketosteroids were determined by gas chromatography in twenty four-hour urine samples from 62 hirsute females. The method permitted the determination of androsterone (A), aetiocholanolone (E) and dehydroepiandrosterone (D). Elevated concentrations of one or more of these metabolites were detected in 81% of the samples. Two main patterns of hyperandrogenicity were observed: 1) Hyper A + E (27%) and 2) Hyper A (26%). Elevated AD, AED, D, ED or E were less common, but in total these patterns comprised another 28%. The plasma testosterone and total urinary 17-ketosteroid concentrations were elevated in only 21% and 23% of the samples, respectively. Thirty two out of 33 patients with elevated urine metabolites showed significant suppression following dexamethasone administration (2 mg/day during 6 days). Thus, dexamethasone suppressable hyperandrogenicity was predominant in this group of hirsute females. Elevations of urinary androsterone and aetiocholanolone are probably contingent on the relative activities of 5 alpha- and 5 beta-reductases) in the presence of increased androstenedione secretion. Elevations of urinary dehydroepiandrosterone suggest decreased adrenal cortical 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) activity. Thus, fractionation of urinary 17-ketosteroids seems to be an effective test in the evaluation of hirsutism.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androsterone; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Chromatography, Gas; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans

Fourteen hirsute girls, ages 12 to 22 years (mean +/- SD: 17.2 +/- 2.6 years), in whom 21-hydroxylase deficiency was excluded by a 1-hour intravenous alpha 1-24 corticotropin test, were evaluated by a 4-day dexamethasone test and then treated with a bedtime dose of dexamethasone (0.5 mg in 10 patients, 0.25 mg in four) for 0.6 to 3.4 years (1.3 +/- 0.8 years). Hirsutism decreased in four patients, did not change in nine, and increased in one. Of the 10 patients with irregular menses, only three developed regular cycles while taking dexamethasone. During long-term dexamethasone therapy, serum levels of testosterone decreased from 102 +/- 22 to 72 +/- 27 ng/dL, free testosterone from 35 +/- 11 to 19 +/- 8 pg/mL, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate from 396 +/- 138 to 171 +/- 101 micrograms/dL. Although free testosterone decreased to less than 15 pg/mL in eight of 14 patients with the suppression test, only four patients had free testosterone levels less than 15 pg/mL during therapy. Two of the 14 patients have had no recurrence of hirsutism or increase in serum androgens after 28 and 29 months, respectively, after dexamethasone therapy was discontinued. Oral contraceptives were given to nine patients inadequately responsive to bedtime dexamethasone therapy. The mean percent decrease of testosterone and free testosterone levels during oral contraceptive therapy was significantly greater than during long-term treatment with dexamethasone, and hirsutism lessened in all. We conclude that a single bedtime dose of dexamethasone is satisfactory only in patients who maintain serum free testosterone values less than 15 pg/mL without side effects. For other patients, either another glucocorticoid or, in most cases, ovulation suppression should be prescribed for adolescents with progressive hirsutism and elevated androgen levels.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androgens; Child; Contraceptives, Oral; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Testosterone

Spironolactone was used in 90 hirsute women because of its antiandrogenic effect. The drug was administered twice daily from the 4th to the 22nd day of six cycles (total dosage was 200 mg per day). The results suggest that spironolactone is suitable for the treatment of hirsutism.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Spironolactone; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovariectomy; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

The experience with adrenocortical neoplasms in childhood is reviewed. During three decades, ten children with adrenocortical neoplasms were seen at the authors' institution. The literature was reviewed, and 209 patients 16.5 years or younger were found. All ten patients at Vanderbilt University Hospital (VUH) presented with endocrine manifestations of the tumor. Three patients had Cushing's, two patients had virilization, and five patients had features of both. In the literature, virilization, alone or with Cushing's, was the most common mode of presentation. Feminizing tumors were uncommon and nonfunctional tumors rare. The majority of patients were female. Features associated with malignancy included 17-KS levels greater than 40 mg/24 hr, diameter greater than 6 cm, weight greater than 500 g, and histologic evidence of diffuse growth pattern, vascular invasion, and tumor cell necrosis. Although uncommon, adrenocortical neoplasms should be suspected in children with Cushing's, virilization, feminization, or a combination of these. There has been an increased incidence reported in patients with hemihypertrophy, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, hemangiomas, and nevi. Following endocrinologic evaluation, imaging studies should be performed. CT scan appears to be the most useful diagnostic tool. A posterior operative approach is recommended for suspected adenomas. An anterior thoracoabdominal approach is favored for suspected malignancies with uncompromised en bloc resection. There is no evidence that adjuvant therapy provides any additional benefit.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Child; Child, Preschool; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrophy; Infant; Male; Prognosis

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Saliva; Testosterone

20 patients with hirsutism of different severity were examined to study the diagnostic assertion of the dexamethasone-HCG-test. The results show, that a well defined classification into the different types of hirsutism (adrenal, ovarian, idiopathic and mixed forms) is not possible using hormonal parameters.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Mestranol; Ovarian Diseases

The in vitro metabolisms of [4-14C]-labelled DHA, delta 5-diol, delta 4-dione and Test were studied in skin tissue excised from the hairy hypogastric region of three patients diagnosed as suffering from "idiopathic hirsutism". The concentrations of DHA, And, delta 4-dione, delta 5-diol, Test, DHT, DHA-S, And-S, delta 5-diol-S and Test-S were determined in other portions of the same skin tissue. In the knowledge of the concentrations of the androgens and the C19-steroid sulphates in the blood and in the skin tissue, and also of the metabolisms of the main androgen precursors and Test in the hairy abdominal skin, new diagnoses can be established within the group of idiopathic hirsutisms : "pure peripheral hirsutism" and "mixed peripheral hirsutism". In the former the hyperactivity of the enzymes of the skin tissue takes part in the emergence of the disease form, while the latter involves the joint participation of the hyperactivity of the enzymes of the skin tissue and the high level of delta 4-dione in the blood. The picture of the metabolism in the hairy abdominal skin of the hirsute patients was dominated by Test formed in pathologically high amount from the precursors as a consequence of the hyperactivity of 17 beta-HSD. The formation of DHT and the activity of 5 alpha-R were of only secondary importance.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Abdominal Muscles; Adolescent; Adult; Androgens; Androstenediol; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; Middle Aged; Pregnanetriol; Skin; Sulfates; Testosterone

An in vitro study has been made of the steroid metabolism in the abdominal skin in two hirsute women with adrenogenital syndrome, and the concentrations of the various steroids in the skin tissue have been determined. The urinary excretion of the total 17-Ks, and particularly P-triol, was pathologically high, while of the androgens examined in the serum, primarily the levels of delta 4-dione and Test, were found to be elevated. The 21-hydroxylase deficiency meant that the plasma ACTH level was likewise extremely high in both patients. In vitro incubation studies demonstrated that in one patient (with the higher androgen overproduction) more Test. than normal was formed from the precursors (DHA, delta 5-diol, delta 4-dione), i.e. the biosynthetic pathway (17 beta-HSD, delta 5-3 beta-HSD) leading towards the androgens was enhanced in the abdominal skin. In the other patient (where the androgen production was less high as a consequence of the earlier adrenalectomy) the metabolism in the abdominal skin was not enhanced; indeed, for many metabolites the extent of the transformation did not even attain the level for normal women. The activity of Test. 5 alpha-reductase was not increased in the skin of either patient. The results on the steroid contents of the skin tissue revealed that numerous free steroids (DHA, And., delta 4-dione, delta 5-diol, Test., DHT) and C19-steroid sulphates were present in higher concentrations than in the abdominal skin of healthy women. The extents of steroid accumulation compared to the serum level in the same patient were pathologically high in the case of delta 5-diol, DHT and DHA-S in the abdominal skin of the two hirsute women with adrenogenital syndrome. This confirmed that a state of hyperandrogenism does exist in the skin of these patients.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Abdominal Muscles; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Androgens; Androstenediol; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pregnanetriol; Skin; Sulfates; Testosterone

Patients with moderate to severe hirsutism presenting over an 18-month period to an endocrine clinic were assessed by clinical evaluation and hormone measurements. Hair growth rate was estimated by a photographic technique and the severity of hirsutism graded using an objective scale. Of 43 patients, 9 had polycystic ovaries and the remainder were considered to have idiopathic hirsutism. The most severely affected group had significantly increased hair growth rates compared with less clinically affected subjects, and 47% of this group showed objective features of virilization. However, apart from a significantly higher 24-hr urine 17-ketosteroid excretion all other hormonal patterns were not significantly different between severely and mildly affected patients. Serum levels of testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free T (calculated from T and SHBG values), and androstenedione (A) were abnormal in 44%, 51%, 60% and 60% of patients respectively, whereas plasma levels of the specific adrenal androgen DHAS were increased in 40% of patients. There was an overlap between patients with elevated hormone levels, although isolated elevation of T, A or DHAS were seen in 9%, 19% and 3% of patients respectively. In 19% of patients all serum androgen measurements were normal. Gonadotrophin levels were significantly lower in the more severely affected group. Thus androgen levels in patients with idiopathic hirsutism or polycystic ovaries, show considerable overlap with measurements in normal subjects, and elevated plasma androgens may be of adrenal (DHAS) or combined adrenal/ovarian (T, A) origin.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Female; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged; Photography; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin

Dexamethasone suppression (DS) adrenal cortical scintigraphy has been shown to be useful in the detection of the adrenal pathology in women with hyperandrogenism. However, a relationship between adrenal cortical uptake of I-131 6 beta-iodomethylnorcholesterol (NP-59) and the level of adrenal androgen secretion has not been established. A retrospective analysis of DS adrenal scintiscans has been performed on 39 women with hirsutism and hyperandrogenism. In 14 patients with normal patterns of imaging, in vivo adrenal gland iodocholesterol uptake, calculated using a semi-operator-independent-computer algorithm, did not correlate with the excretion of urinary 17-ketosteroids (17-KS). In contrast, in 20 patients demonstrating abnormal bilateral early imaging patterns, adrenal gland NP-59 uptake correlated significantly with the level of urinary 17-KS excretion (r = 0.65, P less than 0.05). To date seven of these 20 patients have had confirmatory procedures documenting the adrenal glands as contributing sites of androgen secretion. A similar correlation with urinary 17-KS excretion was seen in five other patients with unilateral imaging patterns (r = 0.94, P less than 0.005), due to androgen-secreting adrenal cortical adenomas. No correlation between adrenal NP-59 uptake and plasma testosterone or dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels was observed in any of the groups. Thus, adrenal gland uptake of NP-59 under DS reflects a measure of androgen secretion in women with androgen excess.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; 19-Iodocholesterol; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex; Adult; Androgens; Cholesterol; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Radionuclide Imaging; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Steroid Hydroxylases; Testosterone

The research here reported concerns 9 hirsute women, four of them with PCO and five with idiopathic hirsutism, who underwent treatment with spironolactone. 4 non hirsute hypertensive cases served as control. For one year hair growth, testosterone, 17 Ks, estradiol and gonadotropins behaviours were studied in all of the patients. Results clearly show that the peripherical response (the hair) to the therapy is only just sufficient, and corresponds to a good reduction of the androgenic hormones in blood. However, there is also an LH gonadotropin secretion reduction which is statistically scarcely significant. If the therapeutic response of hair were good, fetal risk could be prevented with safe and contemporaneous contraception. However, since the response is scarcely sufficient, we do not think this therapy is more advisable than other ones.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Spironolactone; Testosterone; Time Factors

The effects on hair growth by treatment with cimetidine have been studied. This drug has been given orally to 4 women with simple hirsutism and 3 women with peptic ulcer as controls for a period of 9 months. Hair growth slowed down in all of the treated women but the results were not statistically significant. A significant decrease in urine 17-ketosteroids has been observed, while plasma levels of testosterone, 17-beta estradiol, progesterone, FSH, LH and prolactin, did not change substantially. It is concluded that, on the whole, cimetidine doses not seem to induce such results on hair growth as to claim a role in the treatment of hirsutism in other current regimes.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Cimetidine; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Progesterone; Prolactin; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Function Tests; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Paper; Gonads; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypogonadism; Male; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests

Thirty-one cases of idiopathic hirsutism, characterized biochemically in the basal state by increased levels of urinary 3 alpha-androstane-5 alpha, 17 beta-diol and normal levels of the main androgens, were studied. In order to determine a possible etiologic heterogeneity of idiopathic hirsutism, pituitary gonadotropin responses to synthetic luteinizing-releasing hormone (LRH) and adrenal steroid responses to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation were evaluated and the results were compared to those in six normal women. On the basis of the results obtained in each hirsute patient after LRH and ACTH tests, two groups were identified. The majority, 23 of 31 hirsute patients (group I), had results similar to those in the control group. In the other eight patients (group II), biologic abnormalities were disclosed and suggested a partial adrenal 11 beta-hydroxylase defect in two patients, an incomplete form of adrenal 3 beta-ol deficiency in one patient, an adrenal hyperreactivity without evident cause in two patients, and polycystic ovary syndrome in association with an adrenal hyperreactivity in three patients. As a group, the eight patients showed ACTH-stimulated increments in testosterone, delta 4-androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and 17-ketosteroids that were significantly greater (p less than 0.01) than the mean responses in the control group. The conclusion is that some women who previously were designated as having "idiopathic" hirsutism had an adrenal and/or ovarian component to their hyperandrogenism which could be shown only by appropriate dynamic tests.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Cysts; Testosterone

The plasma concentrations of total testosterone, free testosterone index, androstenedione, 17 beta-estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, and urinary 17-ketosteroid and 17-ketogenic steroid excretion were measured in 48 nonhirsute and 119 hirsute patients. Hormone data were compared within and between groups according to whether the menstrual cycles were eumenorrheic, amenorrheic, or oligomenorrheic. Eleven hirsute women treated with prednisone were followed for 6 months. It was concluded that: (1) androstenedione, testosterone, free testosterone index, and adrenal androgens alone or in combination play a role in the pathogenesis of the hirsutism observed in eumenorrheic women and in the amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea of both hirsute and nonhirsute women; (2) body weight correlated with adrenal adrogens (17-ketosteroids) in nonhirsute women and with androstenedione in hirsute women; (3) prednisone significantly suppressed androstenedione and 17-ketosteroids (p less than 0.05), with a decline of testosterone to 65% and luteinizing hormone to 51% of pretreatment values, with favorable clinical effects on the hirsutism, menstrual dysfunction, and infertility; (4) concentrations of 17 beta-estradiol were lower in amenorrheic than in eumenorrheic and oligomenorrheic women of both groups.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Androstenedione; Body Weight; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstruation Disturbances; Prednisone; Prolactin; Testosterone

Total 24-hour urinary 17-ketosteroid (17-KS) and serum testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) concentrations were measured before and after the administration of Cortrosyn and dexamethasone in 46 hirsute and 18 nonhirsute women. Both the baseline urinary 17-KSs and serum androgen levels were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in hirsute than in nonhirsute subjects. In 58% of the patients in the hirsute group serum androgen concentrations were found to be elevated, while 17-KS levels in 24-hour urine collections were within normal limits. In 87% of our hirsute subjects at least one serum androgen was elevated. Serum DHEA-S concentration was elevated in almost half of the patients with hirsutism. For the evaluation of hyperandrogenism, measurements of serum androgens give more accurate information to the clinician. Dynamic stimulation-suppression studies do not appear to offer any better understanding of the type of androgens involved or a rational guide to the choice of therapy. Hirsute patients were found to be responding less to corticotropin stimulation in comparison to nonhirsute patients. The stimulation rate was significantly higher in 17-KS, A, T, and DHEA-S concentrations in nonhirsute than in hirsute patients.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Testosterone

Virilism in females is often associated with menstrual disorders. There is an evident correlation between the severity of virilism, the level of androgens and the degree of menstrual disorder. A study was carried out between January 1978 and December 1980 on 75 women with various degrees of virilism. The majority of women with severe hirsutism and male-type alopecia were found in the group with amenorrhoea. Furthermore, the four cases with the full-blown picture of severe virilism were found exclusively in this group. Clarification of the virilizing manifestations on the basis of a determination of the basic hormonal status (including the steroid fractions), the dexamethasone suppression test (including the HCG stimulation test) and the oestrogen-gestagen suppression test, diagnostic laparoscopy and phlebography of the adrenal gland is discussed and the methods evaluated.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Alopecia; Amenorrhea; Dexamethasone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Phlebography; Prolactin; Testosterone; Virilism

In ten of 12 patients with non-progressive hirsutism a pathologic pattern of androgens was assessed by hormone determinations. Using a new test procedure increased androgen production could be tentatively associated with an impaired function of either ovaries or adrenals. Androgen-producing tumors could be excluded. With differential therapy (progestins, estrogens, corticosteroids, antiandrogens) pathologic androgen serum levels subsided already prior to antiandrogen medication. Definite clinical success was, however, observed only it antiandrogen therapy. As long-term therapy a low-dose antiandrogen-estrogen combination proved valuable.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Androgens; Contraceptives, Oral; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans

A rare case of an adrenal adenoma that produced virilization by an isolated secretion of testosterone without a concomitant increase in 17-ketosteroids is reported. It was erroneously concluded that the patient's hypertestosteronemia was due to an ovarian disorder because the urinary 17-ketosteroids were normal. It then was speculated that the adenoma's enzyme system was so efficient it was capable of converting the more prevalent androstenedione directly to testosterone without metabolizing it to 17-ketosteroids. Removal of the adrenal adenoma completely cured the patient's hirsutism.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Testosterone

Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) was measured in 32 infertility patients who were found to be ovulatory, in 37 women with oligomenorrhea, and in 52 hirsute patients under basal conditions. It was also measured in conjunction with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation and dexamethasone suppression in 10 of the hirsute women. Serum DHEAS levels were elevated in only 19% of the infertile women with regular ovulation, in 34% of the oligomenorrheic patients, and in 60% of the hirsute women. Of the C-19 steroids (androgens) measured in the 52 hirsute women, ie, total and unbound serum testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), and DHEAS, unbound serum T was most frequently elevated. Eighty-two percent of the hirsute women had either an elevated serum DHEAS level or an increased unbound T level, suggesting 1) that elevations in unbound serum T may be associated with or result from increased serum DHEAS levels and 2) that only a minority of women with so-called idiopathic hirsutism do not have demonstrable androgen excess. Three of 10 hirsute women with elevated serum DHEAS levels had an increased ACTH-induced rise in DHEAS. Dexamethasone given as a single daily dose of 0.5 mg at bedtime resulted in a marked decrease in serum DHEAS in all of the 10 hirsute patients tested within 2 weeks of therapy. Thus, serum DHEAS is a clinically useful indication of adrenal C-19 steroid secretion. When combined with clinical and other hormonal evaluations, its measurement adds an important dimension to the study of gynecologic endocrinology and infertility.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Menstruation Disturbances; Oligomenorrhea; Prolactin; Testosterone

Ten women with essential hirsutism were treated for one year with cyclic administration of cyproterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol. Biochemical and clinical control took place after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment. In 4 patients great improvement of hirsutism was noted, but only after 6 months of therapy. In 4 patients there was some improvement, while 2 were resistant. Side effects included reduced libido in 4 cases, mental depression in 3, dry skin and itching in 4 and transient nausea in one, but never necessitated cessation or interruption of treatment. Several changes in endocrine function took place during treatment: testosterone secretion rate diminished together with the urinary excretion of 17-KS and 17-KGS, while the serum concentration of testosterone binding globulin increased. There was a reduction in the serum concentration of total endogenous estrogens and progesterone as well as LH. No changes in hepatic, renal or hematologic parameters were found except for a slight increase in plasma prothrombin time. Clinical outcome of therapy could not be correlated with a pretreatment endocrine "profile", nor with the changes that this therapy induced in endocrine function. It is concluded that the anti-androgenic effect is probably the most important in this drug regimen, but that reversibility of hirsutism may depend upon factors not directly related to androgen influence.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Cyproterone; Cyproterone Acetate; Drug Therapy, Combination; Estrogens; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Progesterone; Testosterone

Five females with idiopathic hirsutism, ten with adrenogenital syndrome, four with acne vulgaris, and three with Stein-Leventhal syndrome were treated for nine months with large or small doses of cyproterone acetate (100 or 2 mg daily, respectively) in combination with oestrogen. The drug had a good effect on the acne vulgaris and moderated the hirsutism. In the various patient groups the serum testosterone level was decreased to between 58.6% (+/- 28.7% S.E.) and 10.8% (+/- 8.2% S.E.) of the basal value. No essential difference in effectiveness was observed between the large and small doses. Based on study of the side-effects, it is recommended that laboratory liver tests are used for control.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cyproterone; Cyproterone Acetate; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Thirteen anovulatory oligomenorrheic, hyperandrogenic, and normoprolactinemic women were treated with spironolactone (aldactone) throughout six consecutive menstrual cycles in a dosage of 100 to 150 mg/day. During this treatment a significant decrease in serum luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, prolactin, and 17-ketosteroid values were observed that were accompanied by ovulation in 11 women (85%), according to basal body temperature (BBT) and progesterone values. In addition, improvement of hirsutism was observed in 9 (70%) and restoration of regular cycles in 11 (85%) of the patients. The side effects observed were mild and did not lead to interruption of the treatment. Our data suggest that the antiandrogenic properties of spironolactone render it a suitable agent in the treatment of anovulatory, oligomenorrheic, and hyperandrogenic women.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Anovulation; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstruation Disturbances; Oligomenorrhea; Progesterone; Spironolactone; Testosterone

The excretion of the C19O2-fraction of 17-oxosteroids in urine (C) and the concentration of testosterone in serum (T) have been compared in 15 women with hirsutism during tests with suppression of the adrenals and the ovary and with stimulation of the ovary. The behaviour of both parameters seemed to be only qualitatively similar in all three phases of the tests. In one of the test phases a statistically significant correlation between the percentage of decrease or increase of C and T has been observed (First phase: r = 0.242; second phase; r = 0.457; third phase r = 0.392). The mean relative changes of C in the adrenal suppression phase was more distinct (P less than 0.002) than that of T. Both parameters seem to be of different diagnostic meaning.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Ovary; Testosterone

Four cases in adults of a deficiency in the 11 beta-hydroxylation of corticosteroids were investigated by both basal and dynamic biological studies. Symptoms varied from patient to patient; hirsutism, menstrual disturbance, acne, deepening of the voice, and arterial hypertension appeared post puberty. Basal testing demonstrated elevated levels of plasma androgens. These include delta 4-androstenedione (patients, 3.80-6.43 ng/ml; normal, 1.33 +/- 0.33 ng/ml), urinary 17-ketosteroids (patients, 11.8-16.7 mg/24 h; normal, 5-10 mg/24 h), and urinary dehydroepiandrosterone. The basal tests were often insufficient to show the accumulation of the precursors (especially 17-hydroxyprogesterone) which are often given as evidence for an increase in ACTH stimulation. In studying the levels of the mineralocorticoids, there was shown to be an increased basal level of tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (patients, 142-317 microgram/24 h; normal, 60-80 microgram/24 h) which was raised by ACTH stimulation. These results, therefore, confirm the characteristic partial enzyme defect and give evidence for the heterogeneity of this syndrome. Based on the above observations, we believe it is appropriate to rename this condition adult adrenocortical 11 beta-hydroxylation defect rather than late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Androgens; Androstenedione; Blood Pressure; Child; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation; Mineralocorticoids; Steroid Hydroxylases; Steroids

Cyproterone acetate, combined with ethinyl estradiol, was administered to 60 women (mean age: 25 years) suffering from hirsutism, acne and alopecia for 3--39 months. The rate of success was 94% for acne, 85% for hirsutism and 55% for alopecia. These results are comparable to those already reported. No correlation was found between the degree of the disease or plasma levels of testosterone, androstenedione, respectively urinary 17-cetosteroids, and the effectiveness of the treatment. Side effects were rare and identical in frequency and nature to those encountered during treatment with estrogen-containing contraceptives.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adult; Alopecia; Androstenedione; Cyproterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Testosterone

In a statistical study the somatic and psychic variables of 42 unselected women were evaluated who were seen with the presenting symptom of hirsutismus at a medical out-patient department. An organic source for the hirsutismus was excluded. The mean 17-ketosteroid values and the plasma testosterone values were normal. The following results were obtained: Patients with hirsutismus do not have specific personality traits. Hirsutismus is not a psychosomatic disease. There is not endocrine psycho-syndrome in hirsutismus. The suffering from hirsutismus is independent of the objective degree of hirsutismus. Women with the presenting symptom of hirsutismus regard their male type of body hair as a scapegoat and as the cause for their problems which in reality are neurotic problems. Unless contraception is desirable, we do not suggest treatment of hirsutismus with Cyproteronacetate.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Psychophysiologic Disorders; Testosterone

28 cases of moderate to severe hirsutism, two cases of acne and one case of axilary hidrosadenitis were tested continuously on average over 6 months by the daily administration of 100 mg cyproterone acetate. This drug was then given together with 1-2 mg oestradiol valerate over a further 6 month period by reversed sequential therapy. The effect of treatment was judged as being moderate only in 7 cases of idiopathic and one case of adrenal hirsutism and good in the remaining cases. However, this regimen caused a marked lowering of the urinary dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and low polar oestrogen levels and also the plasma testosterone level. At the same time, according to preliminary results, the fraction of sex hormone binding globulin was raised. The plasma hydrocortisone level was depressed by about 20%. The fractions of 17-KS and 17-KGS decreased slightly at first, but then returned to normal. The side effects of continuous treatment were mainly gestagenic and of reversed sequential therapy mainly oestrogenic in nature. The continuation rate was 81% during a treatment period of two years.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adult; Cyproterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Lymphadenitis; Middle Aged; Testosterone; Virilism

Urinary steroid fractionations of 17-ketosteroids were carried out in 3 normally-ovulating young women and in 2 women with hirsutism. Dehydroepiandrosterone, aetiocholanolone, androsterone, 11 beta-hydroxyaetiocholanolone, 11 beta-hydroxyandrosterone, 11-oxoaetiocholanolone and 11-oxondrosterone were determined quantitatively by paper chromatography. Both patients had decreased levels of 11-deoxy and 11-oxy-17-ketosteroids compared with the normals. The ready suppression of 11-oxy-17-ketosteroids and the poor suppression of 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids by dexamethasone in both patients suggests an ovarian origin of 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids. Supporting evidence for an ovarian origin in Case 1 was furnished by the poor suppression of testosterone by dexamethasone and lack of response to ACTH stimulation of the adrenal glands. The presented data emphasize that the precursor of 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids of ovarian origin, possibly testosterone, may well be the cause of hirsutism in both patients.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Function Tests; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Androsterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovary

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Androgen Antagonists; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Spironolactone, an aldosterone antagonist currently used in the treatment of hypertension, has numerous antiandrogenic side effects. Decreased production rates of testosterone in intact (N = 10) and hirsute (N = 6) women, respectively, were noted after short (7 days) or long-term (6 months) administration of the drug, 25 mg twice daily. A 50% diminution in the urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion was also observed after 6 months of therapy. Assessment of the treatment was done by the patients: a reduction in hair growth rate was initially observed after 3 to 4 months, followed by the appearance of a more downy type of new growth and a decrease in diameter of the hair shaft. It is concluded that this beneficial effect is obtained by a decrease in the testosterone production rate and probably through competitive inhibition of spironolactone and/or canrenone with the androgen receptor in human hair follicles.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Female; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Receptors, Androgen; Spironolactone; Testosterone; Time Factors

The authors present the case of a young hirsute woman of 28 years old. Urinary 17 KS were very increased without DHA, but with androsterone, etiocholanolone and 11 oxy 17 Ketosteroids. Androstenedione and testosterone plasmatic levels were very high and per operative selective ovarian vein catheterization showed a direct production of these potent androgens. In vitro study of the tumor allowed to obtain same results. Light and electron microscopic study showed a Leydig cell tumor of left ovary.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androstenedione; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Leydig Cell Tumor; Ovarian Neoplasms; Testosterone

The effectiveness of therapy with cyproterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol was studied in 103 women. Acne and seborrhea responded best with 91.7 and 93.3% respectively, including complete and partial therapeutic success. For hirsutism complete remission and partial improvement were found in 75.3% of the treated women. Under therapy, body weight did not change in 51.9%, while 24.7% of the patients gained weight and 23.4% lost weight. The cycle length remained normal after therapy in 35.8%. Normalization or improvement was found in 54.7%. In 6.3% no improvement was noted after therapy and in 3.2% cycle irregularity developed in women with previous undisturbed pattern. According to BBT, improvement of the functional capacity of the reproductive system was found in 32.9% of the patients. Only 3% of the women studied demonstrated a deterioration. The 17-ketosteroid excretion was diminished in 35.3% after therapy and remained unchanged in 64.7%. The therapeutic regimen used for the study was well tolerated and good cycle control was obtained.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Cyproterone; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation; Menstruation Disturbances; Remission, Spontaneous

Steroid profiles of women suffering from idiopathic hirsutism show in more than 50% of the cases of 10--100 fold increase in the excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) compared with normal values. The excretion of DHEA was reduced much more than that of other 17-ketosteroids if the adrenals (NNR) were suppressed by dexamethasone (DXM). Within one week they reached values at the compound noise level of the gas chromatograms. If the ovaries were stimulated with human chorionic gonadotropin during continued suppression of the NNR with DXM no increase of DHEA could be detected.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androstanes; Androstenes; Chromatography, Gas; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Pregnanes; Pregnenes; Steroids

Ketosteroids, the excretory metabolities of adrenal and gonadal steroids, can be analyzed individually in urine by a simple extraction procedure followed by separation and quantitation by the use of gas/liquid chromatography. The ketosteroids quantitatively detected by the technique are androsterone, etiocholanolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, 11-hydroxyandrosterone, 11-hydroxyetiocholanolone, 11-ketandrosterone, and 11-ketoetiocholanolone. Other steroid metabolities detected are pregnanediol, pregnanetriol, delta5-pregnenetriol, and 11-ketopregnanetriol. In comparison with concentrations of these steroids observed in urine specimens collected from healthy individuals, abnormal results occur in specimens from patients with testicular disease, Cushing's syndrome, adrenal hyperplasia, and several types of female hirsutism. Characteristic profiles for each of these diseases are presented.

Topics: 11-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Androsterone; Chemical Fractionation; Chromatography, Gas; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ketosteroids; Male; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Pregnenes

Topics: 17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone; 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Amenorrhea; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Metyrapone; Pregnanetriol; Pregnenolone

This is a report of a case of a case of amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome with hyperprolactinaemia associated with increase of plasma androstenedione and urinary 17-ketosteroids, gradually developed in a sterile subject. Plasma LH and testosterone levels and the results of adrenal suppression and ovarian stimulation tests seem to prove, point towards, the adrenal as the likely source of androgens. Treatment with bromocryptin for 20 weeks brought about a reduction to normal of both PRL and androgens. Resumption of ovulatory cycles followed thereafter and a pregnancy eventually occurred.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Androstenedione; Bromocriptine; Female; Galactorrhea; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Lactation Disorders; Pregnancy; Prolactin

The dexamethasone-hcg-test was administered to 34 hospitalized patients, aged 17 to 45, who were suffering from hirsutism in order to reveal the source of their androgen levels, which in most cases were elevated. In addition to the usual estimation of urinary 17-ketosteroids and urinary 17-OH-corticosteroids plasma 17-beta-hidroxiandrogens and androstendione were measured by RIA. The results of the tests varied to a high degree and could not be related to the clinical findings. The authors conclude that administration of dexamethasone-hcg-test is of small value in detecting the source of hirsutism.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

To determine the most significant secretory source of their androgens, 13 hirsute nonvirilized women underwent selective bilateral adrenal and ovarian venous catheterization to obtain effluent blood for the assay of testosterone and delta4-androstenedione. In three patients the testosterone and delta4-androstenedione gradients were significantly greater in the adrenal venous effluents. Testosterone and delta4-androstenedione gradients were significantly greater in the ovarian venous effluents in four patients. In six patients there were no significant differences in the testosterone gradients between the adrenal and ovarian venous effluents. The delta4-androstenedione gradients were greater in the adrenal venous effluents in three of these patients, greater in the ovarian venous effluents in one, and not significantly different in two of these patients. The fact that the measurement of urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion, the suppressibility of peripheral plasma androgens with dexamethasone, and the stimulation of peripheral plasma androgens with human chorionic gonadotropin correlated poorly with the selective catheterization data suggests that the former modalities are imprecise in the diagnostic evaluation of hirsutism in women.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androstenedione; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovary; Testosterone

In order to ascertain the usefulness of urinary 17-ketosteroids (17-KS) in the evaluation of hirsutism, 28 paired determinations of 17-KS and serum androgens were performed in 26 hirsute women before (control) and after (post Dex) 7 days of dexamethasone (Dex) administration. Upper normal control and post Dex urinary 17-KS and serum steroid levels were as follows: 17-KS, 15 and 5 mg/24 hour urine collection; dehydroepiandrossterone sulfate (DHEA-S), 2500 and 400 ng/ml serum; testosterone (T), 0.5 and 0.3 ng/ml; dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 0.35 and 0.2 ng/ml; androstenedione (A), 2.3 and 1.6 ng/ml; androst-5-ene-3beta-17beta-diol (delta5-diol), 1.6 and 0.4 ng/ml; and cortisol (F), 140 and 40 ng/ml. In 5 of the 28 tests, control 17-KS levels were elevated. In these 5 tests, control serum levels of one or more androgens were also elevated. DHEA-S was the only steroid of which the serum levels were elevated in all these 5 patients. Control 17-KS were within normal limits in 23 tests. Of these, 19 had elevated serum androgens. Nine patients with elevated post Dex urinary 17-KS also had elevated post Dex levels of serum androgens. Of 19 patients with normal post Dex 17-KS, 14 had elevated post Dex serum androgen levels. These data indicate that 1) urinary 17-KS determinantions do not reliably identify patients with elevated serum androgens; 2) Dex suppression of 17-KS does not correlate well with Dex suppression of serum androgens; and 3) for the evaluation of hyperandrogenism, measurements of serum androgens give a better understanding of the type of androgens involved and the source of hyperandrogenism.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Menstruation; Menstruation Disturbances; Testosterone

Total 24 hour urinary 17-ketosteroid and serum testosterone (T), androstenedione (delta), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DS), and cortisol levels were measured before and during four days of dexamethasone administration in 28 hirsute patients and 10 women with normal ovulatory cycles. Both the base-line urinary 17-ketosteroids and serum androgen levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in hirsute than in normal subjects. Cortisol levels were similar in the two groups. Dexamethasone administration resulted in a significant suppression (p less than 0.05) of all the urinary and serum androgen and cortisol levels in both groups. At the end of suppression the serum DHEA, DS and cortisol levels were similar, while the urinary 17-ketosteroids and serum T and delta levels were still significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in the hirsute than in normal women. There was poor correlation between total urinary 17-ketosteroid and serum androgen results. These finding suggest there is a dual abnormality of androgen production in hirsute patients. The adrenal glands appear to secrete increased quatities of DHEA and DA, while the ovaries appear to produce elevated amounts of T and delta.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

An ovarian lipid cell tumor without Reinke's crystalloids in a woman with secondary amenorrhea, minimal hirsutism, and elevated 17-ketosteroid excretion was studied by light and electron microscopy. Tumor cells were found in small clumps or scattered singly within a collagenous matrix. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells contained abundant smooth endoplasmic reticula, numerous mitochondria with tubular cristae, lipid droplets, lysosomal dense bodies, and concentric membranous whorls, characteristic of steroidogenic cells. In addition, "peripheral canalicular systems" were found at the outer margins of the nests of the tumor cells. These "peripheral canalicular systems" were bordered by the cell membranes and the surrounding collagenous stroma into which microvilli projected. Since the intercellular canalicular system present between the tumor cells was continuous with the "peripheral canalicular system," both systems probably have a common function related to steroid metabolism. The intercellular and "peripheral" canalicular systems and cytoplasmic microfilaments found in this tumor suggest that this ovarian lipid cell tumor was derived from the ovarian stroma.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Amenorrhea; Cell Membrane; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Ovarian Neoplasms

Thirty-one women with idiopathic hirsutism were evaluated for partial 11- and 21-hydroxylase adrenocortical enzyme deficencies. Twenty-four hour urine collections for 17-ketosteroids, 17-hydroxycorticoids, tetrahydro compound S (THS), and -pregnanetriol were obtained basally and following a continuous 24 hours infusion of alpha 1-24 ACTH (cosyntropin). The results were compared to those in eight normal, nonhirsute women studied under identical conditions. Normal control subjects and 18 of 31 hirsute female patients (Group I) showed similar small increments in the excretion of THS and pregnanetriol following the infusion of cosyntropin. Thirteen hirsute women (Group II) showed cosyntropin-stimulated increments in either THS and/or pregnanetriol that were significantly greater than the mean response of the control group. The cosyntropin-stimulated increments in 17-ketosteroid excertion and basal sebum production rates were also significantly greater in Group II. The results are consistent with partial II - and/or 21-adrenocortical hydroxylase deficiencies in some hirsute women whose condition would have previously been designated as "idiopathic." Thus, prolonged ACTH stimulation testing may identify patients who might benefit from glucocorticoid suppression therapy.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Cortodoxone; Cosyntropin; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Pregnanetriol; Sebum

Case-report about a 56 year old white female patient with pachydermia laryngis and hirsutism, successfully treated with cyproterone-acetate, a testosterone antagonist. The significance of androgenic hormones for the development of epithelial changes in the female larynx is emphasized. The administration of antiandrogenic substances as a new therapeutic measure is discussed.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Cyproterone; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Precancerous Conditions; Testosterone; Vocal Cords

A 17 year old female patient with hypertension, amenorrhoea and hirsutism was found to have subnormal levels of plasma and urinary cortisol, significant plasma levels of Reichstein's compound S and 21-deoxycortisol, high urinary levels of THS and pregnanetriolone as well as elevated levels of plasma and urinary testosterone. Treatment with 0.5 mg/day of dexamethasone or 25 mg/day cortisone reduced her hypertension and restored her menstrual cycles, but also resulted in the development of moon face, body striae and a gain in weight. Lower doses of cortisone were without effect. The deficient cortisol production coupled with the presence of unusual intermediates such as Reichstein's compound S and 21-deoxycortisol can be explained by a shift in the substrate specificity of 11beta-hydroxylase from C-21-hydroxylated substrates (i.e. compound S) to C-21-deoxy substrates (i.e. 17-hydroxyprogesterone).

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Amenorrhea; Corticosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hydroxyprogesterones; Hypertension; Pregnanetriol; Pregnenediones; Steroid Hydroxylases; Syndrome; Testosterone; Thyrotropin; Transcortin

Many women have some facial hair, and most patients who seek advice will be at the far end of the normal distribution curve for hair. In a second group there is a slight excessive production of androgens with associated hirsutism, either idiopathic or associated with polycystic ovarian disease. An extremely small fraction of patients will have serious disorders of the adrenals or ovaries and significant elevations in androgen levels.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Glands; Androgens; Estrogens; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Progesterone; Testosterone

Many of the androgenic steroids are precursor hormones that undergo metabolic conversion to other prehormones in peripheral tissue before they reach the target organs. The most studied of the circulating androgens are dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA-sulphate, delta-4-androstenedione, testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone. The concentration of DHEA-sulphate in peripheral blood is the highest of all circulating androgens. Over 90% of this steroid is secreted by the adrenal glands and less than 10% by the ovaries. In the hirsute patient, the production rates of testosterone, delta-4-androstenedione, and dihydrotestosterone are almost always significantly elevated. In the hirsute woman, only 24% of plasma testosterone is derived from glandular secretion. Urinary androgen determinations, particularly for 17-ketosteroids have been made but are not considered accurate in determining androgen secretion, biologic potency of individual androgens, or the glands of origin. Testosterone glucuronide determinations do not identify the glandular source nor does blood production of testosterone. Plasma androgen determinations do not direct the clinician to the proper pharmacologic or surgical therapy. A change in urinary or plasma androgens following dexamethasone administration does not implicate the adrenal glands as the source of androgen. Measurement of plasma testosterone following ''estrogen suppression'' may lead to erroneous conclusions. Percutaneous ovarian and adrenal venous catheterization studies via the femoral vein with analyses of the effluent blood for androgens is considered accurate and clinically applicable for the etiologic diagnosis of hirsutism. Combined with the other assays, the major glands of origin for the androgens have been demonstrated in individual patients. The suppressibility of peripheral plasma androgens following dexamethasone administration has been used to further conduct therapy.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Catheterization; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovary; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovary; Pregnanetriol; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Androstenedione; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Adolescent girls and single women with progressive hirsutism due to polycystic ovaries present a therapeutic dilemma. Clomiphene citrate is useful only to induce ovulation and has no beneficial effect on hirsutism. Surgical wedge resection of these ovaries usually arrests progression of hirsutism and restores ovulatory menses. Such treatment, however, is best reserved until such time as pregnancy would be an equal objective. Treatment of 5 patients by hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian suppression with 100-mg estradiol pellets implanted subcutaneously every 6 months reduced ovarian size in all 5 patients and halted the progression of hirsutism.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Medroxyprogesterone; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Twenty-two hirsute women underwent percutaneous adrenal and ovarian vein catheterization to differentiate and localize excessive hormonal output. All studies were done under fluoroscopic control; catheter placement was verified by venography, and blood samples were withdrawn for hormonal analysis. The right ovarian vein was successfully sampled in 42 per cent of attempts; the left ovarian vein, in 75 per cent; the right adrenal vein, in 56 per cent; and the left adrenal vein, in 100 per cent. Bilateral catheterization did not prove clinically useful. First, anatomic variations in venous size and drainage made catheterization and bilateral sampling difficult. Second, adrenal secretion is both episodic and parallel, necessitating both simultaneous catheterization and serial sampling for adequate diagnosis. The stress of the procedure may provoke increased adrenal output. Third, since ovarian secretion is not parallel, and since increased hormone output has been documented in that ovary containing developing follicles or a corpus luteum, distinguishing ovarian dysfunction proved difficult. Finally, for a time-consuming procedure, patient discomfort cannot be disregarded. This technique has not proved to be a reliable means of determining the site of androgen hypersecretion and thus cannot be recommended in the routine evaluation of female hirsutism.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androstenedione; Catheterization; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Testosterone; Veins

The combined dexamethasone-HCG test was employed in 57 patients with excessive androgen secretion in order to differentiate the Stein-Leventhal syndrome from other disorders associated with increased androgen production. The patients were classified according to the test results. All except two of the patients gave a test result typical for the Stein-Leventhal syndrome.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Endocrine System Diseases; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Oligomenorrhea; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Virilism

The endocrine findings in two adolescents with hyperthecosis are compared to those in a patient with an androgenic ovarian tumor. In patients with hyperthecosis, luteinizing hormone values were elevated or in the upper normal range, and plasma testosterone and androstenedione values were increased. Following dexamethasone suppression, testosterone and androstenedione values remained elevated, but after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin, they increased further in only one patient. Baseline 17-ketosteroid values were normal, suppressed with dexamethasone, and stimulated to baseline levels following HCG. The patient with a lipoid cell ovarian tumor had low baseline LH levels, and elevated testosterone, androstenedione, and 17-ketosteroid values. Dexamethasone produced little change in urinary or plasma values, but the 17-ketosteroids increased markedly after administration of HCG. The finding of low serum LH values in patients with hirsutism and elevated androgen secretion should alert the clinician to the possibility of a tumor.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Androgens; Androstenedione; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Blood Glucose; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Menstruation; Ovarian Diseases; Testosterone; Vaginal Smears

Dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, pregnenolone and progesterone concentration was determined by our sensitive gas-liquid chromatographic method in ovarian tissues obtained from surgery of patients without hirsutism and with Stein-Leventhal syndrome. The steroids, except testosterone, were detectable in all ovaries studied. Dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione, regarded as preandrogens, were present in an increased amount in almost all patients with polycycstic ovaries. Gas chromatographic evidence was obtained for the presence of testosterone in two of the cases. The delta4/3betaOH ratio reflecting 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was decreased only in same patients with the Stein-Leventhal syndrome suggesting that the impaired function of this enzyme is not an obligatory feature of polycystic ovaries. Concentration of pregnenolone and progesterone measured in a part of cases varied in a great range although the determination was caried out before luteal phase. Simultaneous determination of hormones in both ovarian tissues revealed an active and an inactive period of the gland in the given time, since a great difference of hormone concentration in bilateral ovarian tissues were observed. A comparison of hormone content in ovaries and the urinary excretion of metabolites showed poor correlation between the two parameters of hormone production.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androgens; Androstenedione; Chromatography, Gas; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; Middle Aged; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnenolone; Progesterone; Testosterone

Hirsute women pose a diagnostic dilemma when urinary 17-ketosteroid and serum testosterone levels are normal. To locate the site of androgen excess in 19 hirsute women, blood samples were collested from the left ovarian and adrenal veins via a catheter insertedinto the right femoral vein. Laparoscopy and bilateral ovarian biopsies were also preformed in 18 of the 19 patients studied. Nine women had elevated 17ketosteroid (fivepatients) and/or antecubital serum testosterone (five patients) levels. Fourteen womanhad elevated testosterone concentrations distributed as follows: ovarian vein (six), adrenal vein (one), adrenal and ovarian veins (seven). Androstenedione was elevated in theovarian vein (seven) and both adrenal and ovarian veins (11) in 18 patients. Laparoscopic examinations revealed that less than 50 per cent of the enlarged ovaries could be detected by pelvic examination. Histologic studies suggested that these patients comprised two groups: a group (six patients) who appeared to ovulate and a group (12 patients) who lacked evidence of ovulation.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Androstenedione; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Laparoscopy; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Testosterone; Thyroxine; Veins

Five new patients with postmenarchial onset of adrenal virilism related to 21-hydroxylase deficiency are presented. Diagnostic criteria are reviewed. Four pregnancies resulting in 3 term infants occurred after instigation of therapy. Eleven patients similar in clinical presentation are reviewed for comparison. Findings of value in distinguishing these two groups of patients are discussed.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Child; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydroxysteroids; Menarche; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Prednisone; Pregnancy; Pregnanetriol; Time Factors; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Menopause; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Androstenedione; Carcinoma; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Clomiphene; Dexamethasone; Estrogens; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor; Testosterone; Virilism

Using a relatively simple 11-deoxy-17-oxosteroid assay a group of hirsute patients have been studied before and following the administration of ACTH. These patients were selected on the basis that each showed an exaggerated response of urinary testosterone excretion to ACTH stimulation. Fifteen of eighteen patients were found to show an exaggerated urinary 11-deoxy-17-oxosteroid response to ACTH stimulation in addition to the excessive urinary testosterone response, suggesting that dysfunction of the adrenal cortex might be a factor contributing to the hirsutism of these fifteen patients.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Ovary

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Androgens; Cyproterone; Dexamethasone; Diethylstilbestrol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms

A gynandroblastoma of the ovary in a 17-year-old girl is reported. Primary amenorrhoea, hirsuties and slight clitoral enlargement were associated with the tumour and high levels of circulating testosterone were found. This is the first gynandroblastoma in which Reinke crystalloids have been identified in the Leydig cell component. The criteria for the diagnosis of this tumour and its histogenesis are discussed.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Amenorrhea; Breast; Castration; Clitoris; Curettage; Cytoplasm; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Leydig Cells; Lipids; Male; Menstruation Disturbances; Neoplasms, Gonadal Tissue; Ovarian Neoplasms; Sertoli Cells; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Aged; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Middle Aged; Primary Myelofibrosis

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Cyproterone; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans

Clinical experiences with the use of Ovosiston in the treatment of hirsutism in 44 women are reported. Ovosiston was given as for contraception. Improvement, including decrease in facial hair, was noted in 32 patients. Improvement appeared to be related to increasing length of treatment, lower patient age, and intact ovulatory cycle as well as to familial predisposition. Previous reports of depressed 17-detosteroid excretion during treatment with ovulation inhibitors were confirmed.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Contraceptives, Oral; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Long-Term Care; Middle Aged; Ovulation

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androstanes; Chromatography, Paper; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypogonadism; Skin; Testosterone; Tritium

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androsterone; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydroxysteroids; Ovary; Pituitary Gland; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Steroids; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Androstenedione; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Amenorrhea; Dexamethasone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Ethynodiol Diacetate; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Mestranol; Obesity; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Amenorrhea; Androsterone; Body Weight; Breast Neoplasms; Castration; Contraceptives, Oral; Dexamethasone; Estrogens; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstruation; Middle Aged; Obesity; Ovarian Diseases; Starvation

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovary; Stimulation, Chemical; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Amenorrhea; Biopsy; Body Temperature; Cholesterol; Corticosterone; Endometrium; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Menstruation; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Cysts; Ovulation; Phenobarbital; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnanediol; Stimulation, Chemical; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Dyslipidemias; Female; Hirsutism; Hormones, Ectopic; Humans; Middle Aged

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Dihydrotestosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Stimulation, Chemical; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgen Antagonists; Androstenols; Female; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Menstruation Disturbances; Middle Aged; Norandrostanes; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Body Image; Electrocoagulation; Electrolysis; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Racial Groups; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Amenorrhea; Aortography; Depression, Chemical; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Pregnanetriol; Radiography, Abdominal; Stimulation, Chemical; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Binding, Competitive; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Depression, Chemical; Dihydrotestosterone; Drug Synergism; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Cysts; Ovary; Pregnanetriol; Stimulation, Chemical; Testosterone; Time Factors

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Cysts; Radioimmunoassay

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Androgens; Cyproterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Ketosteroids; Pregnadienetriols; Receptors, Cell Surface; Time Factors

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Cholesterol; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Amenorrhea; Child, Preschool; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Male; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydroxysteroids; Metabolic Diseases; Steroid Hydroxylases

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Mosaicism; Obesity; Pituitary Diseases; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Sex Chromosome Aberrations; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Insufficiency; Cholesterol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Lipoproteins; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androgens; Clomiphene; Dexamethasone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstruation Disturbances; Methods; Ovary; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Radioimmunoassay; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Amenorrhea; Cortisone; Dexamethasone; Estriol; Feedback; Female; Fetal Death; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hyperplasia; Hypothalamus; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Time Factors

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Clitoris; Contraceptives, Oral; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrophy; Leydig Cell Tumor; Male; Obesity; Ovary; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androstenedione; Dexamethasone; Diabetes Complications; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Luteinizing Hormone; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Ovarian Diseases; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adult; Amenorrhea; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Middle Aged; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Diseases; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Binding, Competitive; Dihydrotestosterone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Protein Binding; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Abdomen; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adult; Androstanes; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ovarian Diseases; Protein Binding; Skin; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Addison Disease; Adult; Androgens; Androsterone; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypogonadism; Hypopituitarism; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Blood Cell Count; Cushing Syndrome; Diabetes Complications; Diagnosis, Differential; Ecchymosis; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypertension; Ketosteroids; Male; Obesity

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Rest Tumor; Adult; Amenorrhea; Clitoris; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Leydig Cells; Male; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Amenorrhea; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Teratoma; Time Factors

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Alopecia; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Chromatography; Chromatography, Gas; Culdoscopy; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Laparoscopy; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Alopecia; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Leydig Cell Tumor; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor; Testosterone; Vaginal Smears; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Kinetics; Ovarian Cysts; Testosterone

Topics: 11-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Androsterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Abortion, Habitual; Cortisone; Decidua; Endocrine System Diseases; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Placenta; Placenta Diseases; Pregnancy

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Methods; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Androgens; Cushing Syndrome; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infertility, Female; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Neoplasms; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Dysmenorrhea; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menopause; Ovarian Diseases; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Vaginal Smears; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Androgens; Child; Dexamethasone; Endocrine System Diseases; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Obesity; Ovarian Diseases; Progesterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenal Insufficiency; Adult; Aged; Alcohols; Amenorrhea; Androsterone; Carcinoma; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Hyperthyroidism; Hypospadias; Infant; Infertility, Male; Klinefelter Syndrome; Lactation Disorders; Male; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypertrichosis; Middle Aged; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Stimulation, Chemical

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Amenorrhea; Carcinoma; Creatinine; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hyperplasia; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Pregnanetriol; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Depression, Chemical; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Obesity; Ovary; Pregnanetriol; Stimulation, Chemical; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androstanes; Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Female; Glucuronidase; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanes; Tritium

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Androstenols; Estrogens; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Genital Diseases, Female; Hirsutism; Hormones; Humans; Hyperplasia; Luteinizing Hormone; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnanediol; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Testosterone; Turner Syndrome

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Alcohols; Androstanes; Androsterone; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Gas; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hyperplasia; Male; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Stereoisomerism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Body Temperature; Clomiphene; Dexamethasone; Estrogens; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Cysts; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Radioimmunoassay; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adult; Androgens; Drug Antagonism; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation; Models, Biological; Ovary; Vagina; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgens; Chromatography; Dexamethasone; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Japan; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Tritium

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Progestins; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Chromatography, Gas; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovary; Ovulation; Pregnanediol; Pregnanes; Progesterone; Radioimmunoassay; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Pregnanetriol; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androgens; Biopsy; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Depression, Chemical; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Stimulation, Chemical

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Protein Binding; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Ovulation; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Carcinoid Tumor; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms; Struma Ovarii; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Androgens; Carcinoma; Child, Preschool; Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Endocrine Glands; Endocrine System Diseases; Endometrium; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovary

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aldosterone; Chromatography, Gas; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Secretory Rate; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Androsterone; Circadian Rhythm; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Steroids

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Androstanes; Chromosome Aberrations; Depression, Chemical; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Gonads; Hirsutism; Humans; Karyotyping; Leukocytes; Stimulation, Chemical; Testosterone; Turner Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Amenorrhea; Clitoris; Female; Hirsutism; Hoarseness; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Addison Disease; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Insufficiency; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anorexia Nervosa; Cushing Syndrome; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fluorometry; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypopituitarism; Injections, Intravenous; Klinefelter Syndrome; Male; Methods; Obesity; Pituitary Neoplasms; Spectrophotometry; Turner Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Amenorrhea; Androstanes; Clitoris; Diethylstilbestrol; Estrogens; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Middle Aged; Norethynodrel; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aged; Body Weight; Catheterization; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged; Phlebography; Prednisone; Testosterone; Veins; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Betamethasone; Estrogens; Female; Fetal Diseases; Hirsutism; Humans; Placenta Diseases; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnanediol; Triamcinolone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Chemistry, Clinical; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Hormones, Ectopic; Humans; Leydig Cell Tumor; Mitosis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor; Thecoma

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adsorption; Adult; Chemistry, Clinical; Child; Child, Preschool; Cushing Syndrome; Disorders of Sex Development; Ethisterone; Female; Glucuronidase; Hirsutism; Humans; Infant; Magnesium; Methods; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Puberty, Precocious; Silicon Dioxide; Tetrazolium Salts

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Body Temperature; Dexamethasone; Estrogens; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Karyotyping; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hirsutism; Humans; Lynestrenol; Mestranol; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Acetates; Androstanes; Androsterone; Carbon Isotopes; Dihydrotestosterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Glucuronates; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Pregnanes; Protein Binding; Sterols; Sulfates; Testosterone; Tritium

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Methods; Pregnanetriol; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Cysts; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Vagina; Vaginal Smears

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menopause; Middle Aged; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Pregnanetriol; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Androsterone; Chromatography; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Mucoproteins; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Androsterone; Cushing Syndrome; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Chemistry, Clinical; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Paper; Clitoris; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Methods; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Pregnanetriol; Sex Chromosome Aberrations; Urogenital Abnormalities

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Carcinoma; Child; Child, Preschool; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infant; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Radiography; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Chiari-Frommel Syndrome; Chromatography; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Androsterone; Chemistry, Clinical; Chromatography, Paper; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Diagnosis, Differential; Etiocholanolone; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; Hyperplasia; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Middle Aged

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Androsterone; Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Culture Techniques; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Skin; Steroids; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Androstanes; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Ovary; Radioisotope Dilution Technique; Radioisotopes; Sex Factors; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Menstruation Disturbances; Pregnanetriol; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Insulin; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Triamcinolone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Insufficiency; Aminoglutethimide; Aniline Compounds; Anticonvulsants; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Hematoma; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypothyroidism; Male; Necrosis; Pyridones

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Biopsy; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Karyotyping; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovary

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Abortion, Spontaneous; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Age Factors; Androsterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Gestational Age; Hirsutism; Humans; Marriage; Menstruation Disturbances; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Contraceptives, Oral; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Pineal Gland; Pregnancy; Testosterone; Tissue Extracts

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Androgens; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Prednisone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Child, Preschool; Cushing Syndrome; Endocrine Glands; Female; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Virilism

The average plasma testosterone concentration of women with either hirsutism or polycystic ovaries and hirsutism was higher (p < 0.01) than that of normal women although the ranges overlapped. Testosterone blood production rates averaged 830 +/- 120 SE and 1,180 +/- 310 SE mug per day in the two groups of hirsute women and 230 +/- 33 SE mug per day in normal women. The ranges did not overlap. The testosterone metabolic clearance rates of hirsute women (1,090 +/- 140 SE L per day) and of men (1,240 +/- 136 SE L per day) were significantly higher than those of normal women (590 +/- 44 SE L per day). These differences persisted when the metabolic clearance rates were corrected for surface area. We suggest that testosterone metabolic clearance rates vary directly with some function of testosterone production. The mean plasma androstenedione levels (2.8 +/- 0.35 SE and 2.8 +/- 0.30 SE mug per L) and production rates (6,060 +/- 450 SE and 7,360 +/- 345 SE mug per day) of the women with hirsutism or polycystic ovaries, respectively, were significantly higher than those of normal women (1.5 +/- 0.22 SE mug per L; 3,300 +/- 830 SE mug per day). The androstenedione metabolic clearance rates were the same in each group. Plasma androstenedione was the precursor of 49% of plasma testosterone in normal women and of 26% of plasma testosterone in hirsute women. Thus, 74% of the plasma testosterone in these subjects must have been either secreted or derived from a precursor that did not enter the plasma androstenedione pool.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Obesity; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovarian Cysts; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Steroids; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovarian Diseases; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Chlormadinone Acetate; Chromatography; Diagnosis, Differential; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Cesarean Section; Female; Hirsutism; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyperplasia; Hysterectomy; Infant, Newborn; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pelvimetry; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Staining and Labeling; Thecoma

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Androsterone; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Disorders of Sex Development; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Klinefelter Syndrome; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol; Testicular Neoplasms; Turner Syndrome

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Infertility, Female; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypogonadism; Male; Metyrapone; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prednisolone; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adult; Androsterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Middle Aged; Prednisone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Child; Chromatography, Paper; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; Mesenchymoma; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Puberty, Precocious; Secretory Rate

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Androgens; Chromatography; Cortisone; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; Hyperplasia; Metabolism, Inborn Errors

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Mestranol; Norethynodrel; Ovary; Prednisone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Androgens; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diethylstilbestrol; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Cysts; Ovary

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Androgen Antagonists; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovulation; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Androstanes; Androsterone; Carbon Isotopes; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Tritium

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Chromatography, Gas; Dexamethasone; Hirsutism; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Prednisone; Testosterone; Urine

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Androsterone; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Blood; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Cysts; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Chromatography, Paper; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypogonadism; Male; Testosterone; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Cholesterol; Female; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Dexamethasone; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test; Glucuronates; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Menstruation Disturbances; Obesity; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Pituitary Function Tests; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Thyroid Function Tests

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Contraceptives, Oral; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Mestranol; Norethynodrel; Ovary; Prednisone; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Animals; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Rats; Testosterone

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Amenorrhea; Androsterone; Blood Chemical Analysis; Chromatography; Cushing Syndrome; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Drug Therapy; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Estradiol; Estriol; Estrone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Hypertrichosis; Ovary; Pregnanediol; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Urine; Virilism

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Amenorrhea; Brain; Diagnosis; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertension; Metabolic Diseases; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Obesity; Urine; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Amenorrhea; Cysts; Drug Therapy; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Infertility; Infertility, Female; Oligomenorrhea; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovulation; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Radiography; Statistics as Topic; Urine

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Child; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Creatine; Creatinine; Dexamethasone; Diethylstilbestrol; Drug Therapy; Female; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Metabolism; Ovary; Physiology; Pregnanetriol; Testosterone; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acromegaly; Blood; Bone Development; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Child; Genetics, Medical; Genital Diseases, Female; Gigantism; Hepatomegaly; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Hypertrophy; Infant; Lipodystrophy; Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized; Liver Diseases; Metabolism; Muscular Diseases; Radiography

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Chromatography; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Hypertrichosis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Chromatography, Paper; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acromegaly; Addison Disease; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adult; Blood; Child; Chromatography, Gas; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Glucuronates; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypogonadism; Klinefelter Syndrome; Male; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Urine

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adult; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Metronidazole; Skin

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Cysts; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Infertility, Female; Menstruation Disturbances; Obesity; Ovarian Diseases; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prednisone; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Ovarian Neoplasms; Testosterone; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Amenorrhea; Classification; Clitoris; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Menstruation Disturbances; Mental Disorders; Obesity

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Blood Chemical Analysis; Cortisone; Female; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Progesterone; Testosterone; Urine; Virilism

Korsakoff's syndrome of obscure etiology was observed in a 34-year-old single woman with an 11-year history of hirsutism and mood swings, and previous hospitalizations for mania three years ago and depression 11 years ago.Recently the virilism had intensified with increased muscularity and coarsening of facial features. The 24-hour urinary 17-ketosteroids ranged between 14.4 mg. and 21.5 mg. and were suppressed by dexamethasone. The 17-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion was normal. These and other findings suggested a diagnosis of adrenal virilism due to adrenocortical hyperplasia. In the absence of other discernible causes it appeared that the adrenal pathology was responsible for the Korsakoff's syndrome. Both conditions responded well to glucocorticoid therapy although low doses were necessary to avoid mania.It is speculated that the encephalopathy was due to an associated adrenal insufficiency. Although hypoadrenalism is accepted as a complication of only the infant form of adrenal virilism, it is noteworthy that this patient had pathological pigmentation of her skin.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Adrenogenital Syndrome; Amobarbital; Antipsychotic Agents; Barbiturates; Female; Glutethimide; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Korsakoff Syndrome; Phenothiazines; Prednisone; Thioridazine; Trifluoperazine; Virilism; Wernicke Encephalopathy

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Betamethasone; Dexamethasone; Diethylstilbestrol; Drug Therapy; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Hysterectomy; Ovarian Neoplasms; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Steroids; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Amenorrhea; Androsterone; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Dexamethasone; Diethylstilbestrol; Drug Therapy; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Ovary; Ovulation; Physiology; Steroids; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Amenorrhea; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Drug Therapy; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Ovulation; Ovulation Induction; Physiology; Pituitary Gland; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanetriol; Progestins; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Acne Vulgaris; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Alopecia; Chromatography; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Staphylococcal Infections; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Hirsutism; Humans

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Amenorrhea; Anatomy; Androgens; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anatomy; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Steroids

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adrenogenital Syndrome; Hirsutism; Hypertrichosis; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Pregnanediol; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Menstruation Disturbances; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Alopecia; Arteriosclerosis; Hirsutism; Hypercholesterolemia; Hypertrichosis; Obesity; Toxicology; Triparanol; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Chromatography; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Hirsutism; Hypertrichosis; Prednisone; Steroids; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Androsterone; Cushing Syndrome; Estradiol; Estriol; Estrogens; Estrone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Ovary; Pregnanediol; Steroids; Urine; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Administration, Oral; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Androsterone; Etiocholanolone; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Metyrapone; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Glucocorticoids; Hirsutism; Hypertrichosis; Triparanol; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Alopecia; Contraceptive Agents, Female; Drug Therapy; Estradiol Congeners; Estrogens; Female; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Gonadotropins; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Menstruation Disturbances; Thromboplastin; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Anatomy; Gynecology; Hirsutism; Hypertrichosis

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Hirsutism; Hypertrichosis

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Female; Gynecology; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnanediol; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Body Fluids; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Body Fluids; Cortisone; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Injections, Intramuscular; Pregnanediol; Pregnanes

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Ketosteroids; Pregnanediol; Pregnanetriol

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Progesterone; Urinary Tract

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Biomedical Research; Body Fluids; Female; Hair; Hirsutism; Hormones; Humans; Ovary

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Body Fluids; Female; Hair; Hirsutism; Hormones; Humans; Male; Masculinity

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Body Fluids; Chromatography; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Progesterone; Urinary Tract

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Body Fluids; Chorion; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Chromatography; Gonadotropins; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Prednisone; Puberty; Sexual Maturation

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Diseases; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Disease; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovary

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Body Fluids; Chromatography; Female; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Biological Assay; Body Fluids; Gonads; Hirsutism; Steroids

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Aging; Body Fluids; Female; Gonads; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovary; Steroids; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Biological Transport; Body Fluids; Hair; Hair Diseases; Hirsutism; Steroids; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Diseases; Disease; Female; Hair; Hair Diseases; Hirsutism; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Ovary; Steroids; Urine

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Biological Assay; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Hair; Hair Diseases; Hirsutism; Hypertrichosis; Steroids

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Cortisone; Hirsutism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Aged; Cortisone; Goiter; Hair; Hair Diseases; Hirsutism; Hyperthyroidism; Steroids

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Cortisone; Disorders of Sex Development; Hirsutism; Humans; Steroids

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Body Fluids; Hair; Hair Diseases; Hirsutism; Pregnenolone; Steroids

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Female; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Menstruation; Pregnanediol; Progestins

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Androgens; Goiter; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperthyroidism

The urinary 17-ketosteroids are a group of compounds derived from complex steroids produced by the adrenal cortex, testis, or ovary. The method of determining the amount excreted has been simplified so that it is available for routine diagnostic purposes. Usually the amount is increased in diseases in which there is hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex due to tumor or hyperplasia, and decreased in lesions that impair the function of the adrenal cortex. Other conditions such as myxedema, eunuchism, gout, and arthritis may alter the excretion of the 17-ketosteroids. Low levels are also found in the young and in the aged. Case histories are presented to illustrate the findings in the following diseases: Tumors of the adrenal cortex with (a) masculinization, (b) Cushing's syndrome with virilism and, (c) hirsutism; as well as in gigantism with acromegaly, in gout, eunuchism, Addison's disease, myxedema, and severe panhypopituitarism.

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex; Cushing Syndrome; Endocrine System Diseases; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hyperplasia; Male; Ovary; Steroids; Urine; Virilism

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Hair; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Steroids; Urine