15-keto-13-14-dihydroprostaglandin-f2alpha and Disease-Models--Animal

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of enrofloxacin (ENR), flunixin meglumine (FM) and dexamethasone (DEX) on antioxidant status and organ damage markers in experimentally-induced endotoxemia. Rats were divided into three groups. To induce endotoxemia, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected into all groups, including the positive control. The two other groups received the following drugs (simultaneously with LPS): ENR + FM + low-dose DEX and ENR + FM + high-dose DEX. After the treatments, blood samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h. Oxidative stress parameters were determined by ELISA, while serum organ damage markers were measured by autoanalyser. LSP increased (p < 0.05) malondialdehyde, 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F(2 alpha) and nitric oxide, while LPS reduced vitamin C. These changes were especially inhibited (p < 0.05) by ENR + FM + high-dose DEX. LPS increased organ damages markers. Cardiac and hepatic damage was not completely inhibited by any treatment, whereas renal damage was inhibited by two treatments. This study suggested that ENR + FM + high-dose DEX is most effective in the LPS-caused oxidative stress and organ damages.

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Autoanalysis; Biomarkers; Clonixin; Dexamethasone; Dinoprost; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enrofloxacin; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Heart Diseases; Kidney Diseases; Lipopolysaccharides; Liver Diseases; Male; Malondialdehyde; Multiple Organ Failure; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Shock, Septic; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors

In a porcine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), we investigated changes in the plasma levels of 8-iso-PGF(2alpha), a marker for oxidative injury, and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2alpha), an inflammatory response indicator during the post-resuscitation period after cardiac arrest. Twelve piglets were subjected to either 2 or 5 min (VF2 and VF5 group) of ventricular fibrillation (VF) followed by 5 min of closed-chest CPR. Six piglets without cardiac arrest were used as controls. In VF5 group, 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) in the jugular bulb plasma (draining the brain) increased four-fold. Jugular bulb 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) in the control group remained unchanged. The 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2alpha) also increased four-fold in the VF5 group. Thus, 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2alpha) measurements in jugular bulb plasma may be used as biomarkers for quantification of free radical catalyzed oxidative brain injury and inflammatory response in reperfusion injury.

Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Dinoprost; Disease Models, Animal; F2-Isoprostanes; Female; Free Radicals; Heart Arrest; Jugular Veins; Male; Molecular Structure; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Swine; Ventricular Fibrillation

Pregnant rhesus monkeys were studied between 109 and 149 days of gestation. Food withdrawal for 48 hours (with free access to water) was accompanied by a decrease in maternal whole blood glucose concentration and an increased maternal arterial plasma 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha concentration. On successive nights of the 48-hour period of food withdrawal, there was an increase in the frequency of myometrial contractions as recorded by uterine electromyogram. In the period after food was returned, blood glucose, arterial 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha concentration, and contraction frequency returned to baseline. Because food withdrawal results in the appearance of the nocturnal contraction pattern seen at term, we suggest that this experimental paradigm may be used as a model for preterm labor.

Topics: Animals; Arteries; Blood Glucose; Circadian Rhythm; Dinoprost; Disease Models, Animal; Electromyography; Female; Food Deprivation; Macaca mulatta; Myometrium; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Osmolar Concentration; Pregnancy; Time Factors