15-hydroxy-5-8-11-13-eicosatetraenoic-acid and Liver-Neoplasms

The metabolic pathway disturbances associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unsatisfactorily characterized. Determination of the metabolic alterations associated with the presence of HCC can improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of this cancer and may provide opportunities for improved disease monitoring of patients at risk for HCC development. To characterize the global metabolic alterations associated with HCC arising from hepatitis C (HCV)-associated cirrhosis using an integrated non-targeted metabolomics methodology employing both gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS-MS).. The global serum metabolomes of 30 HCC patients, 27 hepatitis C cirrhosis disease controls and 30 healthy volunteers were characterized using a metabolomics approach that combined two metabolomics platforms, GC/MS and UPLC/MS-MS. Random forest, multivariate statistics and receiver operator characteristic analysis were performed to identify the most significantly altered metabolites in HCC patients vs. HCV-cirrhosis controls and which therefore exhibited a close association with the presence of HCC.. Elevated 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), 15-HETE, sphingosine, γ-glutamyl oxidative stress-associated metabolites, xanthine, amino acids serine, glycine and aspartate, and acylcarnitines were strongly associated with the presence of HCC. Elevations in bile acids and dicarboxylic acids were highly correlated with cirrhosis.. Integrated metabolomic profiling through GC/MS and UPLC/MS-MS identified global metabolic disturbances in HCC and HCV-cirrhosis. Aberrant amino acid biosynthesis, cell turnover regulation, reactive oxygen species neutralization and eicosanoid pathways may be hallmarks of HCC. Aberrant dicarboxylic acid metabolism, enhanced bile acid metabolism and elevations in fibrinogen cleavage peptides may be signatures of cirrhosis.

Topics: 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; Amino Acids; Bile Acids and Salts; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dicarboxylic Acids; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hepatitis C; Humans; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Multivariate Analysis; ROC Curve; Sphingosine; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Xanthine

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a typical hypervascular tumor resulted from excessive growth of tumor cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that the lipoxygenase is considered as a potential therapeutic target and have important influence on human cancers. However, whether the 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1)/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) pathway participates in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma has not been reported until now. To test the hypothesis that the 15-LO-1/15-HETE signaling regulates hepatocellular carcinoma cells growth and metastasis via the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/heat shock protein 90 pathway, we performed these studies. Our results showed that hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2 and SMMC7721) apoptosis and growth arrest occurred following blockade of the 15-LO pathway with a 15-LO-1 inhibitor or siRNA, and all the effects were reversed by exogenous 15-HETE. Meanwhile, 15-HETE strengthened the expression of phosphor-Akt and heat shock protein 90, and inhibited apoptosis induced by serum deprivation via promoting the interaction of Akt with heat shock protein 90. In addition, the invasion and migration of HepG2 enhanced by 15-HETE were both attenuated by the inhibitor of Akt or heat shock protein 90. These results indicate that the 15-LO-1/15-HETE pathway prevents hepatocellular carcinoma cells from apoptosis and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via a specific intracellular signaling pathway centered by the interaction of Akt with heat shock protein 90, and suggest a new therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Topics: Apoptosis; Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase; Cell Movement; Eicosanoic Acids; Hep G2 Cells; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; Liver Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Signal Transduction