1-eicosapentaenoylglycerol and Colorectal-Neoplasms

There is increasing evidence that marine omega-3 oils are involved in the reduction of cancer risk and progression. However, the anticancer effect of omega-3 monoglyceride on colorectal cancer has yet to be assessed. The goal of this study was to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of eicosapentaenoic acid monoglyceride (MAG-EPA) in HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cells.. The effect of MAG-EPA was evaluated in vitro on HCT116 cells and in vivo on mouse model of HCT116 xenograft.. Our data reveal that MAG-EPA decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells. In a xenograft mouse model, daily. MAG-EPA may promote apoptosis and inhibit growth of tumors by suppressing EGFR and VEGFR activation pathways. Altogether, these data provide new evidence regarding the mode of action of MAG-EPA in colorectal cancer cells.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Aquatic Organisms; Cell Proliferation; Colorectal Neoplasms; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Female; HCT116 Cells; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Mice; Mice, Nude; Monoglycerides

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been shown to inhibit the induction and progression of many tumor types. However, the anticancer effect of n-3 PUFA monoglyceride on colorectal cancer has yet to be assessed. The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-tumorigenic effects of docosahexaenoic acid monoglyceride (MAG-DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid monoglyceride (MAG-EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3) monoglyceride (MAG-DPA) in colorectal carcinoma cells. Our results demonstrate that MAG-DHA, MAG-EPA and MAG-DPA all decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells, with MAG-DPA having the higher anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in vitro. In a HCT116 xenograft mouse model, oral administration of MAG-DPA significantly inhibited tumor growth. Furthermore, MAG-DPA treatments decreased NFκB activation leading to a reduction in Bcl-2, CyclinD1, c-myc, COX-2, MMP9 and VEGF expression levels in tumor tissue sections. Altogether, these data provide new evidence regarding the mode of action of MAG-DPA in colorectal cancer cells.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Cell Proliferation; Colorectal Neoplasms; Drug Synergism; Fatty Acids; Female; HCT116 Cells; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Lipid Metabolism; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Mice; Mice, Nude; Monoglycerides; NF-kappa B; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays