1,2-dimethylhydrazine and Colonic Neoplasms studies

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine: A DNA alkylating agent that has been shown to be a potent carcinogen and is widely used to induce colon tumors in experimental animals.
1,2-dimethylhydrazine : A member of the class of hydrazines that is hydrazine in which one of the hydrogens attached to each nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group. A powerful DNA alkylating agent and carcinogen, it is used to induce colon cancer in laboratory rats and mice.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Thus, it was assessed whether caffeine (CAF) and/or chlorogenic acid (CGA) attenuates the early-stage of chemically induced mouse colon carcinogenesis."	8.12	Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acid Combination Attenuate Early-Stage Chemically Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice: Involvement of oncomiR miR-21a-5p. ( Barbisan, LF; Bartolomeu, AR; Besharat, ZM; Chaves, MÁG; Corrales, JAM; Lisón, CG; Romualdo, GR, 2022)
" The running experiment was designed to test the chemopreventive activity of α-hederin when used as an adjuvant to carboplatin in an experimental model of mouse colon hyperplasia induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)."	8.02	Chemopreventive effect of α-hederin/carboplatin combination against experimental colon hyperplasia and impact on JNK signaling. ( Bahr, HI; El-Sherbiny, M; Elbahaie, AM; Elmahdi, HS; Gabr, AM; Ibrahiem, AT; Soliman, N; Youssef, AM; Zaitone, SA, 2021)
" BALB/c mice (n = 5/group) were administered the pro-carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) for 8 weeks (20 mg/kg body weight/week) to induce colon carcinogenesis, and then exposed for 4 weeks to two physical stressors: restraint and forced-swimming."	7.96	Chronic stress decreases ornithine decarboxylase expression and protects against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis. ( Casas-Solís, J; Castro-Félix, P; Huizar-López, MDR; Marques-González, MLBI; Martin Del Campo-Solís, MF; Santerre, A; Zamora-González, EO, 2020)
"This study was designated to explore the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) during chemically induced mouse colon carcinogenesis (by 1,2- dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride, DMH) with/or without the treatment with a targeted (anti-COX-2) therapeutic drug, celecoxib."	7.91	Celecoxib Targeted Therapy Attenuates Mouse Colon Carcinogenesis through Modulation of Expression Patterns of Cancer Stem Cells. ( Eltonouby, EA; Hegazi, MM; Helmy, HM; Kang, JS; Mahfouz, ME; Salim, EI, 2019)
" The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of RA to prevent 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced primary DNA damage and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in Wistar rat colon."	7.81	Chemopreventive effects of rosmarinic acid on rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Cleto, SS; Cunha, WR; Furtado, RA; Munari, CC; Oliveira, BR; Silva, LR; Tavares, DC, 2015)
" In our study, we have evaluated the effect of different doses of zingerone on lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, lipid hydroxyl radical and conjugated dienes), tissue enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase), and nonenzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, vitamin E, vitamin C), and also the formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in male albino Wistar rats with colon cancer induced using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)."	7.80	Chemopreventive effect of zingerone against colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats. ( Nalini, N; Sudha, M; Vinothkumar, R, 2014)
"This study was conducted to investigate the role of curcumin and zinc on the biokinetics and biodistribution of (65)Zn during colon carcinogenesis."	7.80	Regulation of biokinetics of (65)Zn by curcumin and zinc in experimentally induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. ( Dhawan, DK; Jain, K, 2014)
"The present study has aimed to evaluate chemopreventive potential of d-carvone on oxidative stress markers, biotransforming enzymes, incidence of colonic polyps and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis."	7.79	Modulating effect of d-carvone on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced pre-neoplastic lesions, oxidative stress and biotransforming enzymes, in an experimental model of rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Balasubramanian, T; Kabalimoorthy, J; Nalini, N; Sudha, M; Vinothkumar, R; Viswanathan, P, 2013)
"This study investigated the effect of short curcumin treatment, a natural antioxidant on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in mice."	7.78	Short curcumin treatment modulates oxidative stress, arginase activity, aberrant crypt foci, and TGF-β1 and HES-1 transcripts in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-colon carcinogenesis in mice. ( Bounaama, A; Djerdjouri, B; Laroche-Clary, A; Le Morvan, V; Robert, J, 2012)
"To study the effects of ovariectomy on tumorigenesis and microsatellite instability (MSI) in rat colon tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, to elucidate the association between postmenopausal ovarian hormones depletion and MSI pathway in colorectal tumorigenesis."	7.76	Effects of ovariectomy on microsatellite instability in rat colon tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. ( Cai, K; Tang, S; Wang, G; Xu, F; Zhai, R, 2010)
"We here tested whether the secondary plant compound flavone affects the development of aberrant crypt foci and microadenomas triggered in C57BL/6J mice by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine."	7.76	Flavone induces changes in intermediary metabolism that prevent microadenoma formation in colonic tissue of carcinogen-treated mice. ( Daniel, H; Diehl, D; Oesterle, D; Wenzel, U; Winkelmann, I, 2010)
" In the present study, we investigated whether colonic neoplasms can be developed in mice initiated with a single injection of another genotoxic colonic carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), instead of AOM and followed by exposure of DSS in drinking water."	7.73	Beta-Catenin mutations in a mouse model of inflammation-related colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and dextran sodium sulfate. ( Kohno, H; Sugie, S; Suzuki, R; Tanaka, T, 2005)
"To investigate the chemopreventive effects of pioglitazone (exogenous PPAR gamma ligand) on rat colon aberrant crypt foci, a rat carcinogenesis model induced by dimethylhydrazine (DMH), and to compare pioglitazone with sulindac (a NSAID)."	7.72	[Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma ligand, inhibits dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced aberrant crypt foci in rats]. ( Dong, X; Jin, Z; Li, J; Lv, Y, 2003)
"CBA female mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) alone or in combination with oestradiol dipropionate (EP) or ascorbic acid (AA) developed, as expected, a high incidence of uterine sarcomas."	7.69	Sarcomatous lesions in CBA female mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine: independent primaries or metastases? ( Trukhanova, LS; Turusov, VS, 1995)
"The modifying effect of pregnancy and lactation on carcinogenesis induced by single injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine to female rats 30 days before mating has been studied."	7.68	[Modifying effects of changes connected with pregnancy on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis in rats]. ( Blinova, GA; Mikheev, AM; Napalkov, NP, 1990)
"Because ulcerative colitis predisposes to colonic cancer, for determination of the effect of colitis on experimental colon carcinogenesis, rectal instillations of peptides that attract and activate neutrophils were used to induce colitis in CD-1 (ICR) BR mice receiving 20 weekly injections of the carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine [(DMH) CAS: 540-73-8]."	7.67	Augmentation of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer by experimental colitis in mice: role of dietary vitamin E. ( Chester, JF; Gaissert, HA; Malt, RA; Ross, JS; Weitzman, SA, 1986)
"Three different tumour cell lines (Per113, Per192, Per237) were established from colon adenocarcinomas induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) inbred male Wistar/Wag rats."	7.67	Three new rat colon tumour cell lines from 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced adenocarcinomas: morphology, karyotype and clonogenicity. ( Agrez, MV; House, AK; Jenkyn, DJ; Maley, MA, 1987)
"CBA male mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) developed high incidence (up to 97%) of pararenal angiosarcomas."	7.67	Pararenal angiosarcoma induced in male mice by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine--a model for studying the role of androgens in chemical carcinogenesis. ( Chemeris, GY; Parfenov, YD; Turusov, VS, 1985)
"Karanjin treatment also increased the antioxidants, catalase, glutathione and superoxide dismutase."	5.62	Effects of karanjin on dimethylhydrazine induced colon carcinoma and aberrant crypt foci are facilitated by alteration of the p53/Bcl2/BAX pathway for apoptosis. ( Fan, Q; Wang, C; Xie, Y; Zhang, J, 2021)
"Treatment with zingerone to DMH treated rats, resulted in alterations in the activity of the cytochrome P450 2E1 and CEA."	5.51	Chemopreventive efficacy zingerone (4-[4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl] butan-2-one) in experimental colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. ( Al Saeedan, A; Ganaie, MA; Jan, BL; Khatlani, T; Madhkali, H; Rehman, MU; Sheikh, IA; Wani, K, 2019)
"Colon cancer is thought to develop in a stepwise fashion."	5.48	Precancerous ACF induction affects their regional distribution forsaking oxidative stress implication in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis model. ( Clichici, S; Djerdjouri, B; Moulahoum, H; Nagy, AL, 2018)
"Colon carcinogenesis is long known to be associated with ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic gastrointestinal disorder."	5.43	Melatonin modulated autophagy and Nrf2 signaling pathways in mice with colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis. ( Jena, GB; Kumar, V; Tikoo, KB; Trivedi, PP, 2016)
" Therefore, the authors studied whether long-term administration of the DPP4i Sitagliptin (SITA) affects 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis."	5.39	Long-term treatment with Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, reduces colon carcinogenesis and reactive oxygen species in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rats. ( Caderni, G; Femia, AP; Lodovici, M; Maglieri, G; Mannucci, E; Raimondi, L, 2013)
"For this purpose, colon cancer was induced by DMH in rats (20 mg/kg body weight for 5 weeks) and groups of animals were given dietary caraway essential oils at two levels (0."	5.39	Effect of dietary caraway essential oils on expression of β-catenin during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic carcinogenesis. ( Allameh, A; Ashrafi-Helan, J; Dadkhah, A; Fatemi, F; Rahbarizadeh, F, 2013)
"Almost equal inhibitory effects on tubular adenocarcinomas were also observed in the rats given 150 ppm JTE-522 during the postinitiation stage, suggesting that its major anticancer action is at the postinitiation phase."	5.33	JTE-522, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, inhibits induction but not growth and invasion of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced tubular adenocarcinomas of colon in rats. ( Fukushima, S; Hakoi, K; Moku, M; Morimura, K; Salim, EI; Shen, J; Wanibuchi, H; Wei, M, 2005)
"Male, Sprague-Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously with the colon carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) at a dosage of 9."	5.29	Colonic crypts located over lymphoid nodules of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated rats are hyperplastic and at high risk of forming adenocarcinomas. ( Cameron, IL; Hardman, WE, 1994)
" weekly after the 1st 2 drug doses, the dosage as base being 9."	5.29	Action of estrogen and adrenocorticoids on adenocarcinoma induction by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in male rats. ( Gershbein, LL, 1993)
"Tegafur was effective, but levamisole with or without tegafur was not effective against early cancer."	5.27	Longer survival and fewer metastases by levamisole and tegafur in 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced murine colonic cancers. ( Aoki, N; Hamada, S; Hirayama, R; Matsumura, J; Mishima, Y; Miyanaga, T; Takagi, Y, 1985)
" We investigated the effectivity of jaboticaba whole fruit ethanolic extract (FEX) in suppressing aberrant crypt foci (ACF), the earliest lesion of colorectal cancer (CRC), in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rats and the underlying mechanisms related to the gut microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid (SCFA)."	4.31	Jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) Fruit Extract Suppressed Aberrant Crypt Formation in 1,2-Dimetylhydrazine-Induced Rats. ( Ardanareswari, K; Chung, YC; Liao, JW; Lowisia, W; Soedarini, B, 2023)
" Thus, it was assessed whether caffeine (CAF) and/or chlorogenic acid (CGA) attenuates the early-stage of chemically induced mouse colon carcinogenesis."	4.12	Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acid Combination Attenuate Early-Stage Chemically Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice: Involvement of oncomiR miR-21a-5p. ( Barbisan, LF; Bartolomeu, AR; Besharat, ZM; Chaves, MÁG; Corrales, JAM; Lisón, CG; Romualdo, GR, 2022)
" The present study aimed to determine the preventive action of Ficus dubia latex extract (FDLE) on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rat colorectal carcinogenesis and its mechanisms."	4.12	Ficus dubia latex extract prevent DMH-induced rat early colorectal carcinogenesis through the regulation of xenobiotic metabolism, inflammation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. ( Chantana, W; Chantarasuwan, B; Chewonarin, T; Hu, R; Pitchakarn, P; Subhawa, S; Temviriyanukul, P, 2022)
" The running experiment was designed to test the chemopreventive activity of α-hederin when used as an adjuvant to carboplatin in an experimental model of mouse colon hyperplasia induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)."	4.02	Chemopreventive effect of α-hederin/carboplatin combination against experimental colon hyperplasia and impact on JNK signaling. ( Bahr, HI; El-Sherbiny, M; Elbahaie, AM; Elmahdi, HS; Gabr, AM; Ibrahiem, AT; Soliman, N; Youssef, AM; Zaitone, SA, 2021)
" BALB/c mice (n = 5/group) were administered the pro-carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) for 8 weeks (20 mg/kg body weight/week) to induce colon carcinogenesis, and then exposed for 4 weeks to two physical stressors: restraint and forced-swimming."	3.96	Chronic stress decreases ornithine decarboxylase expression and protects against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis. ( Casas-Solís, J; Castro-Félix, P; Huizar-López, MDR; Marques-González, MLBI; Martin Del Campo-Solís, MF; Santerre, A; Zamora-González, EO, 2020)
"To simulate carcinogenesis, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) was administered subcutaneously to 76 rats for 30 weeks at a dose of 7."	3.96	State of humoral immunity and cytokine profile in rats under experimental carcinogenesis with applying enterosorporation chemotherapeutic factors. ( Fira, D; Fira, L; Kachur, O; Kramar, S; Lykhatskyi, P, 2020)
"This study was designated to explore the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) during chemically induced mouse colon carcinogenesis (by 1,2- dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride, DMH) with/or without the treatment with a targeted (anti-COX-2) therapeutic drug, celecoxib."	3.91	Celecoxib Targeted Therapy Attenuates Mouse Colon Carcinogenesis through Modulation of Expression Patterns of Cancer Stem Cells. ( Eltonouby, EA; Hegazi, MM; Helmy, HM; Kang, JS; Mahfouz, ME; Salim, EI, 2019)
"To investigate how intestinal bacteria affect host cytogenetic alterations in the early initiation step of colon carcinogenesis, we conducted a comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test using germ-free (GF) and conventionalized (Cvd) rats after a single subcutaneous injection of the carcinogen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)."	3.91	Markedly enhanced micronucleus induction by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride in colonic cells of rats with bacterial colonization in the intestine. ( Ohyama, W, 2019)
" Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is an active constituent of licorice with anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenesis effects."	3.88	Glycyrrhizic acid suppresses 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumorigenesis in Wistar rats: Alleviation of inflammatory, proliferation, angiogenic, and apoptotic markers. ( Khan, AQ; Khan, R; Rehman, MU; Sultana, S; Tahir, M, 2018)
" The objective of the present study is to evaluate the anticancer activity of UMB on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rat colon tumorigenesis to determine the development of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), agyrophylic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs), mast cell recruitment, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and also study the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and apoptotic markers."	3.83	Anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic effects of umbelliferone in colon carcinogenesis. ( Muthu, R; Selvaraj, N; Vaiyapuri, M, 2016)
" The present study investigated the chemopreventive effect of HPLC-fingerprinted EEB on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation in mice."	3.83	Ethanolic Extract of Bark from Salix aegyptiaca Ameliorates 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice by Reducing Oxidative Stress. ( Banerjee, S; Bounaama, A; Ceyhan, MS; Djerdjouri, B; Enayat, S; Moulahoum, H, 2016)
" The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of RA to prevent 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced primary DNA damage and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in Wistar rat colon."	3.81	Chemopreventive effects of rosmarinic acid on rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Cleto, SS; Cunha, WR; Furtado, RA; Munari, CC; Oliveira, BR; Silva, LR; Tavares, DC, 2015)
"The goal of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of defatted flaxseed meal on the appearance of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)."	3.81	Defatted flaxseed meal prevents the appearance of aberrant crypt foci in the colon of mice increasing the gene expression of p53. ( Comastri, DS; de Paula, SO; Ferreira, CL; Gomides, AF; Gonçalves, RV; Peluzio, Mdo C, 2015)
" C-phycocyanin, a biliprotein from Spirulina platensis and a selective COX-2 inhibitor along with piroxicam, a traditional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug was used to investigate the role of cell cycle regulatory proteins and proinflammatory transcription factor NFκB in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)-induced rat colon carcinogenesis."	3.81	Cell cycle regulation and apoptotic cell death in experimental colon carcinogenesis: intervening with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. ( Saini, MK; Sanyal, SN, 2015)
"This study was aimed to investigate the effect of sinapic acid (SA) on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced experimental rat colon carcinogenesis."	3.81	Effect of sinapic acid on 1,2 dimethylhydrazine induced aberrant crypt foci, biotransforming bacterial enzymes and circulatory oxidative stress status in experimental rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Balaji, C; Muthukumaran, J; Nalini, N, 2015)
" In our study, we have evaluated the effect of different doses of zingerone on lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, lipid hydroxyl radical and conjugated dienes), tissue enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase), and nonenzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, vitamin E, vitamin C), and also the formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in male albino Wistar rats with colon cancer induced using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)."	3.80	Chemopreventive effect of zingerone against colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats. ( Nalini, N; Sudha, M; Vinothkumar, R, 2014)
"Several studies have shown the anti-neoplastic effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis, but how these drugs act in case of inflammation-augmented tumorigenesis is still not clear."	3.80	Activation of NF-κB: bridging the gap between inflammation and cancer in colitis-mediated colon carcinogenesis. ( Nehru, B; Sanyal, SN; Setia, S, 2014)
" This study was carried out to investigate the effect of troxerutin on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, colonic bacterial enzymes and the development of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced experimental rat colon carcinogenesis."	3.80	Modulatory effect of troxerutin on biotransforming enzymes and preneoplasic lesions induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Balasubramanian, T; Nalini, N; Sudha, M; Vinoth Kumar, R; Vinothkumar, R; Viswanathan, P, 2014)
"This study was conducted to investigate the role of curcumin and zinc on the biokinetics and biodistribution of (65)Zn during colon carcinogenesis."	3.80	Regulation of biokinetics of (65)Zn by curcumin and zinc in experimentally induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. ( Dhawan, DK; Jain, K, 2014)
"This study investigated the protective effect of spray-dried açaí powder (AP) intake on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar rats."	3.79	Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) feeding attenuates dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Barbisan, LF; Fragoso, MF; Ribeiro, DA; Romualdo, GR, 2013)
"The present study has aimed to evaluate chemopreventive potential of d-carvone on oxidative stress markers, biotransforming enzymes, incidence of colonic polyps and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis."	3.79	Modulating effect of d-carvone on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced pre-neoplastic lesions, oxidative stress and biotransforming enzymes, in an experimental model of rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Balasubramanian, T; Kabalimoorthy, J; Nalini, N; Sudha, M; Vinothkumar, R; Viswanathan, P, 2013)
" Eight weeks old Balb-C male mice received subcutaneous injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (20 mg/kg body weight) once a week for 12 weeks."	3.79	Influence of gilaburu (Viburnum opulus) juice on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer. ( Canoz, O; Elmalı, F; Ertekin, T; Karaca, O; Nisari, M; Ulger, H; Unur, E, 2013)
" The present study was to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of hesperetin, a flavonoid commonly found in many herbal medicines and foods, on aberrant crypt foci (ACF), argyrophylic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats."	3.79	Antiproliferative efficacy of hesperetin (citrus flavanoid) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer. ( Aranganathan, S; Nalini, N, 2013)
"The expression of the putative markers LGR-5 (leucine-rich-repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5), MSI-1 (Musashi-1) and DCAMKL-1 (doublecortin and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-like-1) was studied in normal colon mucosa (NM), in the precancerous lesions Mucin Depleted Foci (MDF) and in macroscopic tumours (adenomas) of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated rats."	3.79	Expression of LGR-5, MSI-1 and DCAMKL-1, putative stem cell markers, in the early phases of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis: correlation with nuclear β-catenin. ( Caderni, G; Dolara, P; Femia, AP; Salvadori, M, 2013)
"This study investigated the effect of short curcumin treatment, a natural antioxidant on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in mice."	3.78	Short curcumin treatment modulates oxidative stress, arginase activity, aberrant crypt foci, and TGF-β1 and HES-1 transcripts in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-colon carcinogenesis in mice. ( Bounaama, A; Djerdjouri, B; Laroche-Clary, A; Le Morvan, V; Robert, J, 2012)
" Groups 1, 3 and 5 were initiated by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) 20 mg/kg body weight s."	3.77	Cancer chemopreventive potential of the Egyptian flaxseed oil in a rat colon carcinogenesis bioassay--implications for its mechanism of action. ( Abou-Shafey, AE; Elgendy, SA; Masoud, AA; Salim, EI, 2011)
"To study the effects of ovariectomy on tumorigenesis and microsatellite instability (MSI) in rat colon tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, to elucidate the association between postmenopausal ovarian hormones depletion and MSI pathway in colorectal tumorigenesis."	3.76	Effects of ovariectomy on microsatellite instability in rat colon tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. ( Cai, K; Tang, S; Wang, G; Xu, F; Zhai, R, 2010)
"We here tested whether the secondary plant compound flavone affects the development of aberrant crypt foci and microadenomas triggered in C57BL/6J mice by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine."	3.76	Flavone induces changes in intermediary metabolism that prevent microadenoma formation in colonic tissue of carcinogen-treated mice. ( Daniel, H; Diehl, D; Oesterle, D; Wenzel, U; Winkelmann, I, 2010)
" We therefore examined the modifying effect of boiled garlic powder (BGP) on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced mucin-depleted foci (MDF) and aberrant crypt foci (ACF), preneoplastic lesions, in the rat colorectum."	3.76	Inhibition of 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced mucin-depleted foci and O⁶-methylguanine DNA adducts in the rat colorectum by boiled garlic powder. ( Beppu, H; Chihara, T; Higashiguchi, T; Kaneko, T; Mizutani, K; Shimpo, K; Sonoda, S, 2010)
" Mice received intraperitoneal injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (40 mg/kg body weight) once a week for 6 weeks to selectively induce aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and tumors in the colon."	3.75	IGFBP-2 overexpression reduces the appearance of dysplastic aberrant crypt foci and inhibits growth of adenomas in chemically induced colorectal carcinogenesis. ( Diehl, D; Elmlinger, M; Göttlicher, M; Hessel, E; Hoeflich, A; Lahm, H; Langhammer, M; Oesterle, D; Renner-Müller, I; Wolf, E, 2009)
" The lack of the protective layer of mucus may cause inflammation which has been linked to colon carcinogenesis, therefore, the expression of markers such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) and macrophage infiltration was studied with immunohistochemistry (IH) in MDF harvested from F344 rats treated with the colon carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)."	3.75	Mucin-depleted foci show strong activation of inflammatory markers in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis and are promoted by the inflammatory agent sodium dextran sulfate. ( Caderni, G; Dolara, P; Femia, AP; Luceri, C; Salvadori, M, 2009)
" In the present study, we investigated whether colonic neoplasms can be developed in mice initiated with a single injection of another genotoxic colonic carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), instead of AOM and followed by exposure of DSS in drinking water."	3.73	Beta-Catenin mutations in a mouse model of inflammation-related colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and dextran sodium sulfate. ( Kohno, H; Sugie, S; Suzuki, R; Tanaka, T, 2005)
"To investigate the chemopreventive effects of pioglitazone (exogenous PPAR gamma ligand) on rat colon aberrant crypt foci, a rat carcinogenesis model induced by dimethylhydrazine (DMH), and to compare pioglitazone with sulindac (a NSAID)."	3.72	[Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma ligand, inhibits dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced aberrant crypt foci in rats]. ( Dong, X; Jin, Z; Li, J; Lv, Y, 2003)
" In the previous study, the incidence of colonic adenoma induced with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in the gnotobiotic mice with Lactobacillus acidophilus, gnotobiotic mice with Escherichia coli and germ-free mice were 30, 50 and 74%, respectively."	3.70	Effects of intestinal bacteria on the development of colonic neoplasm II. Changes in the immunological environment. ( Abo, T; Fujimura, A; Horie, H; Kanazawa, K; Kobayashi, E; Okada, M; Yamagiwa, S, 1999)
" adenomas in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated CF1 mice."	3.70	Colonic cell proliferation and aberrant crypt foci formation are inhibited by dairy glycosphingolipids in 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-treated CF1 mice. ( Dillehay, DL; Merrill, AH; Schmelz, EM; Sullards, MC, 2000)
"CBA female mice, at the 17th day of pregnancy, received single intraperitoneal injection of diethylstilbestrol (DES) at the dose of 1 mg/kg body weight (b."	3.70	1,2-Dimethylhydrazine carcinogenesis in CBA male mice prenatally treated with diethylstilbestrol. ( Samoilov, D; Trukhanova, L; Turusov, V, 2000)
"CBA female mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) alone or in combination with oestradiol dipropionate (EP) or ascorbic acid (AA) developed, as expected, a high incidence of uterine sarcomas."	3.69	Sarcomatous lesions in CBA female mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine: independent primaries or metastases? ( Trukhanova, LS; Turusov, VS, 1995)
"Supplementation of the diet of CF1 mice with sphingomyelin isolated from milk has been shown to reduce the number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and the appearance of colonic adenocarcinoma induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (Schmelz et al."	3.69	Suppression of aberrant colonic crypt foci by synthetic sphingomyelins with saturated or unsaturated sphingoid base backbones. ( Bushnev, AS; Dillehay, DL; Liotta, DC; Merrill, AH; Schmelz, EM, 1997)
" injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) at a single dose of 21 mg/kg of body weight."	3.69	Melatonin and colon carcinogenesis: I. Inhibitory effect of melatonin on development of intestinal tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats. ( Anisimov, VN; Popovich, IG; Zabezhinski, MA, 1997)
" Fischer F344 rats receiving 20mg/kg of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine per week for 20 weeks developed adenocarcinoma of the colon."	3.68	[Establishment of a transplantable rat colon cancer and a model of metastasis]. ( Yasuda, S, 1993)
"Protein kinase C activity and the profile of protein kinase C isozymes alpha, beta, and gamma were examined in subcellular fractions of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colonic adenocarcinomas, surrounding uninvolved colonic mucosa and colonic mucosa from age matched control rats."	3.68	Alterations in protein kinase C in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colonic carcinogenesis. ( Craven, PA; DeRubertis, FR, 1992)
"The modifying effect of pregnancy and lactation on carcinogenesis induced by single injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine to female rats 30 days before mating has been studied."	3.68	[Modifying effects of changes connected with pregnancy on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis in rats]. ( Blinova, GA; Mikheev, AM; Napalkov, NP, 1990)
"N-linked glycopeptides were prepared from colonic tumor (adenocarcinoma) and mucosa in rats treated with carrageenan, an indigestible polysaccharide, and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine."	3.67	N-acetylneuraminic acid and N-glycolylneuraminic acid in glycopeptides of colonic tumor and mucosa in rats treated with carrageenan and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. ( Arakawa, S; Ishihara, H; Tejima, S; Wakazono, H, 1989)
"Recently, our laboratory, utilizing the 1,2-dimethylhydrazine model of colonic adenocarcinoma, demonstrated alterations in the 'dynamic component' of fluidity in brush-border membranes prepared from distal colonocytes of rats administered this agent for 5, 10 and 15 weeks, i."	3.67	The role of sphingomyelin synthetase and sphingomyelinase in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced lipid alterations of rat colonic plasma membranes. ( Brasitus, TA; Dahiya, R; Dudeja, PK, 1986)
"Using NIH3T3 cell transfection assay, activated c-K-ras was detected in two cell lines, TRb and TSb, obtained from a single colon adenocarcinoma induced in a rat by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine."	3.67	Activated K-ras in tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cell variants from a rat colon adenocarcinoma, induced by dimethylhydrazine. ( Caignard, A; Kitagawa, Y; Nagao, M; Sato, S, 1988)
"Because ulcerative colitis predisposes to colonic cancer, for determination of the effect of colitis on experimental colon carcinogenesis, rectal instillations of peptides that attract and activate neutrophils were used to induce colitis in CD-1 (ICR) BR mice receiving 20 weekly injections of the carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine [(DMH) CAS: 540-73-8]."	3.67	Augmentation of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer by experimental colitis in mice: role of dietary vitamin E. ( Chester, JF; Gaissert, HA; Malt, RA; Ross, JS; Weitzman, SA, 1986)
"5% corn oil or lard 2 weeks before, during, and until 1 week after sc injection of 15 mg azoxymethane [(AOM) CAS: 25843-45-2]/kg body weight, once weekly for 2 weeks (designated as initiation)."	3.67	Effect of different levels of dietary corn oil and lard during the initiation phase of colon carcinogenesis in F344 rats. ( Maruyama, H; Reddy, BS, 1986)
" Colon tumors were induced with 16 weekly injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 10 mg/kg body weight)."	3.67	Co-carcinogenic effect of carbon black ingestion with dietary fat on the development of colon tumors in rats. ( Buddingh, F; Pence, BC, 1987)
"Three different tumour cell lines (Per113, Per192, Per237) were established from colon adenocarcinomas induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) inbred male Wistar/Wag rats."	3.67	Three new rat colon tumour cell lines from 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced adenocarcinomas: morphology, karyotype and clonogenicity. ( Agrez, MV; House, AK; Jenkyn, DJ; Maley, MA, 1987)
"Diallyl sulfide, a thioether found naturally in garlic, when given by gavage to C57BL/6J mice inhibited by 74% the incidence and reduced the frequency of colorectal adenocarcinoma induced by 20 weekly injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine."	3.67	Diallyl sulfide, a flavor component of garlic (Allium sativum), inhibits dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer. ( Wargovich, MJ, 1987)
"Mice from strains with different susceptibility to the colon-specific carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) were tested for DNA damage in liver, kidney and colon after administration of the compound at a dosage that has been reported to induce a high incidence of adenocarcinoma in the colon of rodents."	3.67	Correlation between incidence of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinomas and DNA damage in six genetically different mouse strains. ( Boffa, LC; Bolognesi, C, 1986)
" 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) was administered (20 mg/kg body weight) in 20 weekly i."	3.67	Effect of dietary selenium deficiency on incidence and size of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumors in rats. ( Buddingh, F; Pence, BC, 1985)
"CBA male mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) developed high incidence (up to 97%) of pararenal angiosarcomas."	3.67	Pararenal angiosarcoma induced in male mice by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine--a model for studying the role of androgens in chemical carcinogenesis. ( Chemeris, GY; Parfenov, YD; Turusov, VS, 1985)
"The induction of adenocarcinomas in distal colons of noninbred female Swiss Webster white mice by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is preceded by the development of hyperplasia of mucosal glands, which includes absolute increases in both the total number of cells and labeled cells per crypt."	3.66	Changes in crypt cell populations of mouse colon during recovery from treatment with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. ( Richards, TC, 1981)
"To study the effect of acetic acid colitis on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumorigenesis, fischer 344 male rats, 10 weeks of age, were divided into three groups: one receiving 5% acetic acid enema (subgroup 1a); one receiving 10% acetic acid enema (subgroup 1b); and one not receiving acetic acid enema (group 2)."	3.66	Experimental colitis as a promoter in large-bowel tumorigenesis. ( Hagihara, PF, 1982)
" A dosage of 40 micrograms/kg was lethal when given i."	2.67	Injection of recombinant tumor necrosis factor directly into liver metastases: an experimental and clinical approach. ( Geerling, RA; IJzermans, JN; Jeekel, J; Marquet, RL; Scheringa, M; van der Schelling, GP, 1992)
"A striking anticancer effect of IP6 was demonstrated in different experimental models."	2.42	Cancer inhibition by inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) and inositol: from laboratory to clinic. ( Shamsuddin, AM; Vucenik, I, 2003)
"Some human epidemiological studies on colon cancer point to a possible preventive role of dietary fiber, but the results are confounded by the difference in the intake of many other food substances such as fat and the overall differences in the dietary pattern of the populations investigated."	2.36	Recent advances in dietary fiber and colorectal diseases. ( Freeman, HJ; Spiller, GA, 1981)
"Bowl or colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer with about two million new cases every year."	1.72	The Antitumor Activity of Ginger against Colorectal Cancer Induced by Dimethylhydrazine in Rats. ( Abdel-Rasol, MA; El-Beih, NM; El-Sayed, WM; Yahya, SS, 2022)
"To simulate carcinogenesis, dimethylhydrazine (DMH) was administered subcutaneously to 77 rats for 30 weeks at a dose of 7."	1.72	Evaluation of membrane-destructive processes in rats with induced carcinogenesis of the colon using the cytostatic vincristine. ( Fira, D; Fira, L; Garlitska, N; Kachur, O; Lykhatskyі, P, 2022)
"The DMH treatment increased aberrant crypt foci (ACF), Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and TBARS levels, along with decreased antioxidant defenses (GSH, GSH-Px, and catalase)."	1.62	Piclamilast mitigates 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colon cancer in rats through modulation of Ras/PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-κβ signaling. ( Abdel-Wahab, BA; Albarqi, HA; Aljadaan, AM; Alqhtani, H; Hassanein, EHM; Khateeb, MM; Walbi, IA, 2021)
"Colon cancer is accompanied by a decrease of epithelial barrier properties, which are determined by tight junction (TJ) proteins between adjacent epithelial cells."	1.62	Effects of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine on Barrier Properties of Rat Large Intestine and IPEC-J2 Cells. ( Amasheh, S; Bekusova, V; Droessler, L; Markov, AG, 2021)
"At diagnosis of colon cancer, 3."	1.62	Effect of vitamin B17 on experimentally induced colon cancer in adult male albino rat. ( Abd El-Hady El-Safti, FE; Abdel-Rahman, SA; Badr El-Kholy, W; Mohey Issa, N, 2021)
"Karanjin treatment also increased the antioxidants, catalase, glutathione and superoxide dismutase."	1.62	Effects of karanjin on dimethylhydrazine induced colon carcinoma and aberrant crypt foci are facilitated by alteration of the p53/Bcl2/BAX pathway for apoptosis. ( Fan, Q; Wang, C; Xie, Y; Zhang, J, 2021)
"The colon cancer was induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine(DMH)/dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) in male Balb/c mice and these animals were treated with 5-FU(12."	1.62	Elucidation of underlying molecular mechanism of 5-Fluorouracil chemoresistance and its restoration using fish oil in experimental colon carcinoma. ( Agnihotri, N; Kaur, S; Kumar, S; Prasad, R; Rani, I; Sharma, B; Sharma, P, 2021)
"Colon cancer is one of the most common causes of deaths by cancer worldwide."	1.62	Effect of mesenchymal stem cells on cytochrome-c release and inflammation in colon cancer induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in Wistar albino rats. ( Alkhuriji, AF; Alnafjan, AA; Alobaid, H; Alomar, SY; Alsaiari, SG; El-Khadragy, MF, 2021)
" Our study investigates the role of EGCG on N,N'-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), a toxic environmental pollutant, induced colon toxicity."	1.62	Amelioration of N,N'-dimethylhydrazine induced colon toxicity by epigallocatechin gallate in Wistar rats. ( Afzal, SM; Ali, N; Islam, J; Rashid, S; Shree, A; Sultana, S; Vafa, A, 2021)
"Moreover, LJE attenuated colon cancer initiation and progression by decreasing aberrant crypt foci and LJE recovered the gut microbiome."	1.62	Ellagitannins from jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) seeds attenuated inflammation, oxidative stress, aberrant crypt foci, and modulated gut microbiota in rats with 1,2 dimethyl hydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis. ( Almeida, LA; Azevedo, L; de Oliveira, PF; do Carmo, MAV; Feitoza, LQ; Ferreira, EB; Fidelis, M; Granato, D; Hellström, J; Marques, MJ; Novaes, RD; Oh, WY; Shahidi, F, 2021)
"Human risk assessment of the toxic potency of chemicals typically includes genotoxicity assays for predicting carcinogenicity."	1.56	Multiple-endpoint genotoxicity assay for colon carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. ( Fujii, W; Hayashi, M; Hori, H; Kitagawa, Y; Masumura, K; Momonami, A; Shimoyoshi, S; Tanaka, Y; Yamada, M, 2020)
"Roflumilast was administered subcutaneously at two doses (1 and 5 mg/kg/day, from day 28 to 42)."	1.56	Roflumilast counteracts DMH-induced preneoplastic colon damage in albino Wistar rats. ( Ansari, MN; Rastogi, S; Saeedan, AS, 2020)
"Phytic acid (PA) has momentous chemotherapeutic potential."	1.51	Pectin-encrusted gold nanocomposites containing phytic acid and jacalin: 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats, PI3K/Akt, COX-2, and serum metabolomics as potential targets. ( Arya, M; Guleria, A; Gupta, KP; Kaithwas, G; Kanoujia, J; Parashar, P; Saraf, SA; Singh, M; Singh, P; Tripathi, CB, 2019)
"Vegetable consumption reduces colon cancer risk when fed in the initiation stage of carcinogenesis; however, the effect of vegetable consumption during the post-initiation stage has rarely been examined."	1.51	Apiaceous and Cruciferous Vegetables Fed During the Post-Initiation Stage Reduce Colon Cancer Risk Markers in Rats. ( Gallaher, DD; Kim, S; Trudo, SP, 2019)
"Treatment with zingerone to DMH treated rats, resulted in alterations in the activity of the cytochrome P450 2E1 and CEA."	1.51	Chemopreventive efficacy zingerone (4-[4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl] butan-2-one) in experimental colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. ( Al Saeedan, A; Ganaie, MA; Jan, BL; Khatlani, T; Madhkali, H; Rehman, MU; Sheikh, IA; Wani, K, 2019)
"Colon cancer is thought to develop in a stepwise fashion."	1.48	Precancerous ACF induction affects their regional distribution forsaking oxidative stress implication in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis model. ( Clichici, S; Djerdjouri, B; Moulahoum, H; Nagy, AL, 2018)
"The cornerstone of this investigation is to determine the pharmacokinetic and histopathological behavior of solid lipid nanoparticles of capecitabine (CB-SLNs) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced colon cancer."	1.48	Capecitabine lipid nanoparticles for anti-colon cancer activity in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer: preparation, cytotoxic, pharmacokinetic, and pathological evaluation. ( Dudhipala, N; Puchchakayala, G, 2018)
"A systematic investigation of the chemopreventive effect of sulindac (SL) in combination with either epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) or kaempferol similar (KMP) has been carried out 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-treated rats (DMH)."	1.48	Chemopreventive effect of sulindac in combination with epigallocatechin gallate or kaempferol against 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-induced preneoplastic lesions in rats: A Comparative Study. ( Elahl, HMS; Hassan, ESG; Hassanein, NMA; Hegab, AM, 2018)
"the third pathway of colonic carcinogenesis, remain unidentified."	1.46	The Histogenesis of the Third Pathway of Colonic Carcinogenesis in Rats. ( Rubio, CA, 2017)
"Although tamarind reduced the risk of colon cancer in hypercholesterolemic hamsters that were carcinogenically exposed to DMH by 63."	1.46	Chemopreventive effects of a Tamarindus indica fruit extract against colon carcinogenesis depends on the dietary cholesterol levels in hamsters. ( Franco, JJ; Garcia, SB; Gasparotto, B; Kannen, V; Martinello, F; Sakita, JY; Sugohara, A; Uyemura, SA, 2017)
"CICC was induced with the colon cancer agent 1,2 dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) along with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)."	1.46	Dietary selenium protects adiponectin knockout mice against chronic inflammation induced colon cancer. ( Carson, JA; Chanda, A; Fayad, R; Greer, J; Kaur, K; Saxena, A; Truman, S, 2017)
"Colon carcinogenesis is long known to be associated with ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic gastrointestinal disorder."	1.43	Melatonin modulated autophagy and Nrf2 signaling pathways in mice with colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis. ( Jena, GB; Kumar, V; Tikoo, KB; Trivedi, PP, 2016)
"Colon cancer is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, which results from interactions of different factors."	1.43	Exenatide suppresses 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in diabetic mice: Effect on tumor angiogenesis and cell proliferation. ( Mohamed, MI; Tawfik, MK, 2016)
"To authenticate the colon cancer preventive potential of silibinin, the efficacy of silibinin needs to be tested by evaluating an organ-specific biomarker."	1.42	Silibinin modulates caudal-type homeobox transcription factor (CDX2), an intestine specific tumor suppressor to abrogate colon cancer in experimental rats. ( Nalini, N; Sangeetha, N, 2015)
"Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers in both men and women."	1.42	Rosmarinic acid inhibits DMH-induced cell proliferation in experimental rats. ( Karthikkumar, V; Nalini, N; Sivagami, G; Viswanathan, P, 2015)
"Colon cancer is among the most dangerous tumors affecting humankind."	1.42	Pineal gland function is required for colon antipreneoplastic effects of physical exercise in rats. ( de Paula Garcia, W; Fernandes, CR; Frajacomo, FT; Garcia, SB; Kannen, V, 2015)
"DLD-1 human colon cancer cells were utilized to investigate the effect of AGE on anti-cell proliferation."	1.42	Aged garlic extract inhibits 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumor development by suppressing cell proliferation. ( Hirokawa, M; Jikihara, H; Nozoe, K; Qi, G; Sato, H; Shimamoto, F; Sugihara, Y, 2015)
"Colon cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers, and is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide."	1.42	Combined therapeutic efficacy of carvacrol and X-radiation against 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-induced experimental rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Arivalagan, S; Chandrasekaran, B; Kuppsamy, T; Mani, V; Namasivayam, N; Siddique, AI; Thomas, NS, 2015)
"In this protocol, colon cancer is induced in mice through a series of injections with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine."	1.42	Induction of Colon Cancer in Mice with 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine. ( Gurley, KE; Kemp, CJ; Moser, RD, 2015)
"Here we examine the effect of wheat on colon cancer risk in early and late postinitiation stages in carcinogen-treated rats."	1.42	Wheat Type (Class) Influences Development and Regression of Colon Cancer Risk Markers in Rats. ( Gallaher, DD; Islam, A, 2015)
" Moreover, the combination dosage significantly augmented the inhibition of cell cycle progression, as shown by CK19 expression."	1.40	Supplementation of fish oil augments efficacy and attenuates toxicity of 5-fluorouracil in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride/dextran sulfate sodium-induced colon carcinogenesis. ( Agnihotri, N; Rani, I; Vaiphei, K, 2014)
"Colon cancer was induced using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 20 mg/kg/week, s."	1.40	Role of metformin in suppressing 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in diabetic and non-diabetic mice: effect on tumor angiogenesis and cell proliferation. ( Moustafa, YM; Zaafar, DK; Zaitone, SA, 2014)
"The molecular mechanisms by which colon cancer cells regulate the expression of various proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors resulting in tumor progression have not been well clarified."	1.39	Role of cytokines and Jak3/Stat3 signaling in the 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride-induced rat model of colon carcinogenesis: early target in the anticancer strategy. ( Saini, MK; Sanyal, SN; Vaish, V, 2013)
" Therefore, the authors studied whether long-term administration of the DPP4i Sitagliptin (SITA) affects 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis."	1.39	Long-term treatment with Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, reduces colon carcinogenesis and reactive oxygen species in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rats. ( Caderni, G; Femia, AP; Lodovici, M; Maglieri, G; Mannucci, E; Raimondi, L, 2013)
"Groups 3-6 were induced colon cancer by injecting DMH (20 mg/kgb."	1.39	The effect of rosmarinic acid on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colon carcinogenesis. ( Gunasekaran, S; Jesudoss, VA; Namasivayam, N; Venkatachalam, K, 2013)
"For this purpose, colon cancer was induced by DMH in rats (20 mg/kg body weight for 5 weeks) and groups of animals were given dietary caraway essential oils at two levels (0."	1.39	Effect of dietary caraway essential oils on expression of β-catenin during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic carcinogenesis. ( Allameh, A; Ashrafi-Helan, J; Dadkhah, A; Fatemi, F; Rahbarizadeh, F, 2013)
" Mice treated with DMH were dosed orally with curcumin and/or carnitine and acylcarnitines for 20 weeks."	1.39	Carnitines slow down tumor development of colon cancer in the DMH-chemical carcinogenesis mouse model. ( Aurisicchio, L; Ciliberto, G; Di Napoli, A; Mancini, R; Marra, E; Mori, F; Roscilli, G; Serlupi-Crescenzi, O; Virmani, A, 2013)
"Colon cancer is the third most common malignant neoplasm in the world and it remains an important cause of death, especially in western countries."	1.38	Amelioration of 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced colon oxidative stress, inflammation and tumor promotion response by tannic acid in Wistar rats. ( Ali, F; Hamiza, OO; Khan, AQ; Khan, R; Lateef, A; Rehman, MU; Sultana, S; Tahir, M, 2012)
"Colon cancer is the third most malignant neoplasm in the world and it remains an important cause of mortality in Asian and Western countries."	1.37	Astaxanthin inhibits tumor invasion by decreasing extracellular matrix production and induces apoptosis in experimental rat colon carcinogenesis by modulating the expressions of ERK-2, NFkB and COX-2. ( Nagendraprabhu, P; Sudhandiran, G, 2011)
"Colon cancer is the third most malignant neoplasm in the world and chemoprevention through dietary intervention is an emerging option to reduce its mortality."	1.37	Ellagic acid prevents rat colon carcinogenesis induced by 1, 2 dimethyl hydrazine through inhibition of AKT-phosphoinositide-3 kinase pathway. ( Sudhandiran, G; Umesalma, S, 2011)
"Gallic acid (GA) is a polyphenol widely present in tea and other plants which is popularly used in the traditional medicine of China."	1.36	Chemopreventive efficacy of gallic acid, an antioxidant and anticarcinogenic polyphenol, against 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Giftson, JS; Jayanthi, S; Nalini, N, 2010)
"Treatment with lycopene, synbiotic or their combination significantly increased apoptosis, reduced the PCNA and p53 labeling indexes and the development of classical ACF and mucin-negative ACF."	1.36	Effects of lycopene, synbiotic and their association on early biomarkers of rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Barbisan, LF; Dias, MC; Gomes, MI; Rodrigues, MA; Salvadori, DM; Vieiralves, NF, 2010)
"AOG may be useful for treatment of colitis and prevention of carcinogenesis in the clinics."	1.36	An apple oligogalactan prevents against inflammation and carcinogenesis by targeting LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway in a mouse model of colitis-associated colon cancer. ( Cao, SS; Feng, J; Guo, ZJ; Li, C; Li, Q; Li, YH; Liu, L; Mei, QB; Niu, YB; Sun, Y, 2010)
"Genetic mutations relevant to human colon cancer have been described in this model, but comprehensive gene expression and genomic analysis have not been reported so far."	1.36	Gene expression profile and genomic alterations in colonic tumours induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in rats. ( Caderni, G; Dolara, P; Femia, AP; Giannini, A; Luceri, C; Toti, S, 2010)
"Diclofenac treatment resulted in a significant reduction in COX-2 expression and its activity."	1.36	Modulation of inflammatory changes in early stages of colon cancer through activation of PPARgamma by diclofenac. ( Kaur, J; Sanyal, SN, 2010)
"Diclofenac treatment ameliorated the elevated delta psi M and its associated events to exert its chemopreventive action against early stages of colon cancer."	1.36	Intrinsic mitochondrial membrane potential change and associated events mediate apoptosis in chemopreventive effect of diclofenac in colon cancer. ( Kaur, J; Sanyal, SN, 2010)
"To investigate the anti-colon cancer effects of berberine and possible relationship with cyclooxygenase-2."	1.36	[Preventive effects of berberine on experimental colon cancer and relationship with cyclooxygenase-2 expression]. ( Wu, K; Yang, J; Zhou, Q, 2010)
"The effect of long-term administration of the novel maleimide derivative with antiproliferative activity on kidney morpho-functional state in experimental (1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced) colon carcinogenesis has been investigated on 60 male rats."	1.36	[Effect of maleimide derivative on the morpho-functional state of the kidney in experimental colon carcinogenesis in rats]. ( Filins'ka, OM; Iablons'ka, SV; Kharchuk, IV; Rybal'chenko, VK, 2010)
"Colon cancer is still one of the leading causes of death in USA and is increasing at an alarming rate in Asia."	1.35	Hesperetin exerts dose dependent chemopreventive effect against 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Aranganathan, S; Nalini, N; Panneer Selvam, J, 2009)
"To induce colon cancer, DMH (20 mg."	1.35	Role of oregano on bacterial enzymes in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. ( Balasubramaniyan, V; Nalini, N; Srihari, T, 2008)
"The incidence of tumors/polyps in the colon cancer of rats and treated with morin showed reduced incidence (40%) of tumors, as compared to DMH (100%) treated rats."	1.35	Modifying effects of morin on the development of aberrant crypt foci and bacterial enzymes in experimental colon cancer. ( Karthik Kumar, V; Nalini, N; Vennila, S, 2009)
"Colon cancer is a serious health problem in most of the countries and is the leading cause of cancer mortality throughout the world."	1.35	Chemopreventive efficacy of pronyl-lysine on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Aranganathan, S; Gopalan, R; Nalini, N; Selvam, JP, 2009)
" DMH was induced subcutaneously at a dosage of 40 mg/kg body weight, twice a week for 2 weeks."	1.35	Antioxidative and antiproliferative effects of astaxanthin during the initiation stages of 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. ( Ashokkumar, P; Prabhu, PN; Sudhandiran, G, 2009)
"Vanadium treatment also abated the mRNA expression of iNOS (54."	1.35	Protective effects of vanadium against DMH-induced genotoxicity and carcinogenesis in rat colon: removal of O(6)-methylguanine DNA adducts, p53 expression, inducible nitric oxide synthase downregulation and apoptotic induction. ( Chatterjee, M; Rajkumar, M; Rana, A; Rana, B; Samanta, S; Suresh, D; Swamy, V, 2008)
" A long-term dosing study is required to ascertain the therapeutic benefits."	1.35	In-vivo evaluation in rats of colon-specific microspheres containing 5-fluorouracil. ( Ali, M; Charoo, NA; Khar, RK; Kohli, K; Mohammed, NN; Rahman, Z; Repka, MA; Shamsher, AA; Tauseef, M; Zhang, SQ, 2008)
"Colon cancer is the third most malignant neoplasm in the world and it remains today an important cause of death, especially in western countries."	1.35	Effect of morin on tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. ( Namasivayam, N; Sreedharan, V; Venkatachalam, KK, 2009)
"Colon cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries."	1.35	Dose-dependent effect of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Nalini, N; Sengottuvelan, M; Srihari, T, 2008)
"cynarocephalum has potential anti-colon cancer effects."	1.34	Onopordum cynarocephalum induces apoptosis and protects against 1,2 dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer. ( El-Najjar, N; Gali-Muhtasib, H; Saliba, N; Talhouk, S, 2007)
"Carcinoma was found in both the prolonged reactivation and saline-DMH groups."	1.34	Prolonged chronic inflammation progresses to dysplasia in a novel rat model of colitis-associated colon cancer. ( Appleyard, CB; Isidro, AA; Pagán, B; Santiago, C, 2007)
"Almost equal inhibitory effects on tubular adenocarcinomas were also observed in the rats given 150 ppm JTE-522 during the postinitiation stage, suggesting that its major anticancer action is at the postinitiation phase."	1.33	JTE-522, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, inhibits induction but not growth and invasion of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced tubular adenocarcinomas of colon in rats. ( Fukushima, S; Hakoi, K; Moku, M; Morimura, K; Salim, EI; Shen, J; Wanibuchi, H; Wei, M, 2005)
"Co-treatment with curcumin and catechins caused greater inhibition of DMH-induced ACF and colon carcinogenesis than the single use of curcumin or catechin (P<0."	1.33	[Effects of combined use of curcumin and catechin on cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression in dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis]. ( He, MR; Huang, W; Lai, ZS; Wang, YD; Xu, G; Zhang, WM; Zhang, YL, 2005)
"Treatment with vanadium in the form of ammonium monovanadate supplemented ad libitum in drinking water for the entire experimental period caused a significant (p<0."	1.33	Vanadium inhibits DNA-protein cross-links and ameliorates surface level changes of aberrant crypt foci during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Chatterjee, M; Kanna, PS; Samanta, K; Saralaya, MG, 2005)
"Further studies on fresh human tumors were conducted with a novel topoisomerase II inhibitor, NC-190."	1.33	Image analysis using the fluorochromasia assay to quantify tumor drug sensitivity. ( Gibbs, JF; Rustum, YM; Slocum, HK, 2005)
"Yoghurt feeding inhibits induced colon cancer in mice."	1.33	Reduction of beta-glucuronidase and nitroreductase activity by yoghurt in a murine colon cancer model. ( de Moreno de LeBlanc, A; Perdigón, G, 2005)
"Colon cancer is the third most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States."	1.33	Rat colonic lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status: the effects of dietary luteolin on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine challenge. ( Balasubramaniyan, V; Manju, V; Nalini, N, 2005)
"Rofecoxib in lower doses had the same effect on adenomas (p < 0."	1.33	Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition in colon experimental carcinogenesis. ( Amengual Antich, I; Gamundí Gamundí, A; Ibarra de la Rosa, J; Noguera Aguilar, JF; Plaza Martínez, A; Pujol Tugores, JJ; Tortajada Collado, C, 2005)
"Orlistat is an anti-obesity agent that increases the fecal fat excretion, which promotes colon carcinogenesis."	1.33	The anti-obesity agent Orlistat is associated to increase in colonic preneoplastic markers in rats treated with a chemical carcinogen. ( Barros, LT; Garcia, SB; Martinello, F; Modiano, P; Ribeiro-Silva, A; Turatti, A; Uyemura, SA; Vespúcio, MV, 2006)
"Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies in many regions of the world and is thought to arise from the accumulation of mutations in a single epithelial cell of the colon and rectum."	1.33	Effect of dietary caraway (Carum carvi L.) on aberrant crypt foci development, fecal steroids, and intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis. ( Deeptha, K; Kamaleeswari, M; Nalini, N; Sengottuvelan, M, 2006)
"Colon cancer has become one of the major causes of cancer mortality."	1.33	Dose dependent inhibitory effect of dietary caraway on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colonic aberrant crypt foci and bacterial enzyme activity in rats. ( Deeptha, K; Kamaleeswari, M; Nalini, N; Sengottuvelan, M, 2006)
" Colon cancer was induced by subcutaneous injection of DMH at a dosage of 20 mg/kg of body weight (15 doses, at 1-week intervals)."	1.33	Effect of spices on lipid metabolism in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Manju, V; Menon, VP; Nalini, N, 2006)
"Colon cancer is becoming increasingly common in Asian countries and still remains the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States."	1.33	Effect of ginger on bacterial enzymes in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. ( Manju, V; Nalini, N, 2006)
" Absence of histological changes in the colon of rats treated with BDMC-A, shows that long term administration of BDMC-A is nontoxic to experimental animals."	1.32	Anticarcinogenic effect of bis-1,7-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione a curcumin analog on DMH-induced colon cancer model. ( Devasena, T; Gunasekaran, G; Menon, VP; Rajasekaran, KN; Viswanathan, P, 2003)
"Vanadium-treated rats significantly reduced (P < 0."	1.32	Vanadium inhibits placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P) positive foci in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Chakraborty, P; Chatterjee, M; Datta, S; Hemalatha, P; Kanna, PS; Mahendrakumar, CB, 2003)
"Colon cancer is one of the most common forms of malignant tumors in humans, and its incidence is increasing."	1.32	Effect of coconut cake on the bacterial enzyme activity in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colon cancer. ( Manju, V; Menon, VP; Nalini, N, 2004)
" Colon cancer was induced by sub-cutaneous injection of DMH at a dosage of 20mg/kg body weight (15 doses, at 1-week intervals)."	1.31	Bis-1,7-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione (a curcumin analog) ameliorates DMH-induced hepatic oxidative stress during colon carcinogenesis. ( Devasena, T; Menon, VP; Rajasekaran, KN, 2002)
" These featured dietary administration of PhIP at different dose levels and for different durations, and included intragastric dosing for a short period, or continuous dietary administration after initiation with other carcinogen, namely 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB) or 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)."	1.31	Organ differences in the enhancing potential of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine on carcinogenicity in the prostate, colon and pancreas. ( Asamoto, M; Futakuchi, M; Imaida, K; Kato, K; Shirai, T; Suzuki, S; Takahashi, S, 2002)
"Protoporphyrin IX itself is a potential photosensitizer that can be used for laser light-induced fluorescence diagnosis."	1.31	Local 5-aminolevulinic acid application for laser light-induced fluorescence diagnosis of early staged colon cancer in rats. ( Böhm, J; Gahlen, J; Herfarth, C; Holle, R; Pressmar, J; Stern, J, 2000)
" injection) once weekly for up to 10 weeks, a dosing regime that produced tumours principally within the distal colon (Jackson et al."	1.31	Formation and persistence of O(6)-methylguanine in the mouse colon following treatment with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine as measured by an O(6)-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase inactivation assay. ( Cooper, DP; Jackson, PE; Margison, GP; Meyer, TA; Povey, AC; Wood, M, 2000)
"Colon cancer was induced by injecting 6-week-old, male, Sprague-Dawley rats with 15 mg/kg DMH twice per week for 6 weeks."	1.31	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induces apoptosis of colonic mucosa in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated rats: a possible mechanism of the anticarcinogenic effect by CLA. ( Ha, YL; Park, HS; Park, JH; Ryu, JH, 2001)
"Colon cancer was induced by five weekly feedings of DMH."	1.30	Interaction of fiber and energy registration in experimental colon carcinogens. ( Klurfeld, DM; Kritchevsky, D, 1997)
"Aspirin may suppress tumour incidence via salicylate by enhancing apoptosis in carcinogen-initiated cells."	1.30	Non-steroidol anti-inflammatory drug effect on crypt cell proliferation and apoptosis during initiation of rat colon carcinogenesis. ( Barnes, CJ; Cameron, IL; Hardman, WE; Lee, M, 1998)
"Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) is a cytokine known to play a key role in the control of cell growth."	1.30	Controlled release of TGF-beta1 impedes rat colon carcinogenesis in vivo. ( Fich, A; Kost, Y; Lamprecht, SA; Mikhailowski, R; Polak-Charcon, S; Segal, C; Segal, Y; Shpitz, B, 1998)
"We produced colon cancer in Wistar rats by injecting the carcinogen, dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)."	1.30	Enhanced levels of oleate-dependent and Arf-dependent phospholipase D isoforms in experimental colon cancer. ( Kodaki, T; Mori, M; Okamura, S; Yamashita, S; Yoshida, M, 1998)
" Results indicate that only aspirin treatment throughout the entire carcinogenic period significantly reduced tumour incidence and volume whereas intermittent aspirin dosing increased tumour number and/or volume, suggesting that aspirin must be used for an extended period in order to gain any chemopreventive benefit."	1.30	Determination of an optimal dosing regimen for aspirin chemoprevention of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumours in rats. ( Barnes, CJ; Lee, M, 1999)
"We previously reported that human colon cancers examined had increased choline kinase activity and phosphocholine levels."	1.30	Increased choline kinase activity in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon cancer. ( Koibuchi, Y; Morishita, Y; Nakagami, K; Ohwada, S; Uchida, T, 1999)
"Colon cancer was experimentally induced in mice to examine potential effects of carcinogenesis in the colon on local mucosal immune function in situ, using the expression of type I hypersensitivity as an index of immune function."	1.29	Early stages of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis suppress immune-regulated ion transport of mouse distal colon. ( Broaddus, RR; Castro, GA; Wargovich, MJ, 1994)
" Chronic administration of bombesin at both dosages with DMH caused significant increases in the incidence, number and depth of involvement of colon cancers; however, it did not affect the size and histological type of colon cancers."	1.29	Bombesin enhances experimental carcinogenesis induced in rat colon by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. ( Ide, A; Iwama, T; Mishima, Y; Yoshinaga, K, 1994)
"Male, Sprague-Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously with the colon carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) at a dosage of 9."	1.29	Colonic crypts located over lymphoid nodules of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated rats are hyperplastic and at high risk of forming adenocarcinomas. ( Cameron, IL; Hardman, WE, 1994)
"Colon cancer was induced in 40 Sprague Dawley rats using a 10-week course of 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)."	1.29	The growth of carcinogen-induced colon cancer in rats is inhibited by cimetidine. ( Adams, WJ; Cook, TA; Lawson, JA; Morris, DL; Nicholson, SE, 1993)
" weekly after the 1st 2 drug doses, the dosage as base being 9."	1.29	Action of estrogen and adrenocorticoids on adenocarcinoma induction by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in male rats. ( Gershbein, LL, 1993)
" Treatments were begun 8 days post-operative and 17 days later, the single dosage of DMH as in the above was injected."	1.29	Tumors produced in rats with a single dosage of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. ( Amir-Mokri, E; Brown, ME; Gershbein, LL; Rezai, VK, 1993)
"Carcinoma in situ was identified in two specimens by fluorescence, and one fluorescent specimen contained dysplasia."	1.29	Photo detection of carcinoma of the colon in a rat model: a pilot study. ( Clements, BM; McBrearty, FX; von Rueden, DG; Woratyla, S, 1993)
"The predisposition to colon cancer is multigenetically controlled in animals and probably also in humans."	1.29	Fine mapping of colon tumor susceptibility (Scc) genes in the mouse, different from the genes known to be somatically mutated in colon cancer. ( Demant, P; Groot, PC; Hart, AA; Moen, CJ; Snoek, M, 1996)
"To examine the influence of hypercholesteremia on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rat colon cancer, Sprague-Dawley rats received dietary cholesterol (CH, 0-2%) and cholic acid (CA, 0."	1.29	Promotion of colon carcinogenesis through increasing lipid peroxidation induced in rats by a high cholesterol diet. ( Chu, CY; Hsu, JD; Tseng, TH; Wang, CJ, 1996)
"Olsalazine treatment significantly (P < 0."	1.29	Endogenous antioxidant status in neoplastic and adjacent tissues in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in rats: effects of olsalazine. ( Freeman, HJ; Godin, DV; Moghadasian, MH, 1996)
"Melatonin was also shown to inhibit carcinogenesis in the small intestine."	1.29	[Effect of melatonin on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced intestinal tumors in rats]. ( Anisimov, VN; Muratov, EI; Popovich, IG, 1996)
"Hydralazine and isoniazid were also tested by the subcutaneous (sc) route at weekly dosages of 17 and 83 mg/kg, respectively, in both intact and partially hepatectomized rats, but many succumbed after 7 to 49 weeks of treatment."	1.28	Action of hydrazine drugs in tumor-free and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated male rats. ( Gershbein, LL; Rao, KC, 1992)
"Colon cancer was detected in two male monkeys after total DMH doses of 1080 and 3696 mg (528 and 400 mg/kg body wt."	1.28	Tumor induction in monkeys after administration of dimethylhydrazine. ( Beniashvili, DS; Krutovskikh, VA; Sartania, MS; Turusov, VS, 1992)
"Colonic cancers were induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine."	1.28	[Growth rate of experimental colonic cancer in rats]. ( Shibusawa, M; Takimoto, M; Tsunoda, A, 1990)
"The tumors of lung and liver, malignant lymphoma, and other tumors were induced."	1.28	Tumor induction in mice administered neonatally with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. ( Fujii, K; Komano, H, 1989)
"Indomethacin was given orally to 40 of the rats."	1.28	Effect of indomethacin in autotransplanted colonic tumors. ( Duvander, A; Rubio, CA; Sveander, M; Wallin, B; Ware, J, 1989)
"1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer in Wistar/Furth (W/Fu) rats is analogous in many ways to human colorectal cancer."	1.27	The effect of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) carcinogenesis on peripheral T cell subsets in the Wistar Furth rat. ( Bleday, RS; Deasy, JM; Lahey, SJ; Milford, E; Rayner, AA; Rodrick, ML; Ross, DS; Steele, G; Wilson, RE, 1984)
"Throughout the experiment, 50 colon cancers developed in 16 DMH-treated mice (mean, 3."	1.27	Inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase with 2-difluoromethylornithine: reduced incidence of dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumors in mice. ( Diekema, KA; King, WW; Kingsnorth, AN; Malt, RA; McCann, PP; Ross, JS, 1983)
"Colon cancers were confirmed histologically in every animal."	1.27	An investigation into the mechanism of co-carcinogenesis of dietary cholesterol during the induction of colon cancer in rats by 1,2 dimethylhydrazine. ( Clark, CG; Cruse, JP; Lewin, MR, 1984)
"Cimetidine is a histamine type 2 receptor antagonist and indomethacin is an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis."	1.27	Effects of cimetidine and indomethacin on the growth of dimethylhydrazine-induced or transplanted intestinal cancers in the rat. ( Caignard, A; Martin, F; Martin, M; Reisser, D; Thomas, B, 1984)
"Eighty Wistar rats received a colon cancer producing regimen on DMH (40 mg/kg body weight/week, subcutaneously for 10 weeks)."	1.27	Combination chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and 1,3-bis(2-chloro-ethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) prolongs survival of rats with dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer. ( Clark, CG; Cruse, JP; Danzi, M; Lewin, MR, 1983)
" Because dosage schedules are known from previous experiments with the Nb rat, this animal model may be useful for evaluating the effects of cytotoxic drugs on experimental bowel cancer."	1.27	Experimental cancer of the bowel in the Nb rat. ( Drago, JR; Joehl, RJ, 1983)
"Our protocols for experiment to produce colonic cancer in dog were as follows: Two beagle and 12 mongrel dogs were used."	1.27	[Production of experimental colonic cancer in dog. A comparative study of administrative methods of carcinogen]. ( Kishino, H, 1983)
"Razoxane was given from week 25 until the end of experiment (week 35) to see if this drug could inhibit the development of tumours."	1.27	Inhibition of experimental colorectal cancer by razoxane (ICRF-159). ( Gilbert, JM; Kark, AE; Slavin, G; Thompson, EM, 1984)
"Using colonic cancer induced by DMH as experimental model, carcinogenic rate in the rats with or without partial colectomy was compared in order to study the etiology of the local recurrence of large bowel cancer after radical resection and observe the influence of operative injury on carcinogenesis."	1.27	[Colonic cancer induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in rats after partial colectomy]. ( Wang, CG; Wang, JF; Wang, JP, 1987)
" In a lifetime study with the CBA strain, groups of 19-30 animals of each sex were dosed s."	1.27	Carcinogenicity of deuterium-labeled 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in mice. ( Gordon, WP; Hillery, PS; Keefer, LK; Lanko, NS; Nelson, SD; Parfenov, YD; Turusov, VS, 1988)
"Colon cancer was produced in rats by weekly injections (20 mg/kg b."	1.27	Stimulating effect of pentagastrin on cancer cell proliferation kinetics in chemically induced colon cancer in rats. ( Lamote, J; Willems, G, 1988)
"Peritoneal carcinomatosis, a common spreading of human colon carcinoma, can be obtained by intraperitoneal injection of colon tumor cells in rats."	1.27	Treatment with endotoxins of peritoneal carcinomatosis induced by colon tumor cells in the rat. ( Jeannin, JF; Lagadec, P; Olsson, O; Pelletier, H; Reisser, D, 1987)
"Mean ethane exhalation was highest in animals fed either vitamin E-deficient or high PUFA diets."	1.27	In vivo ethane production in vitamin E-deficient rats with DMH-induced colon cancer. ( Aufses, AH; Cohen, G; Kang, J; Slater, G; Szporn, A, 1987)
"All colonic neoplasms were histologically classified either as adenomas or carcinomas with groups being allocated into tumour-free (n = 16) or tumour-bearing (n = 54), the latter group being further sub-divided into animals with adenoma alone (n = 8) and those with carcinoma (n = 46)."	1.27	Changes in serum lipids related to the presence of experimental colon cancer. ( Barton, TP; Cruse, JP; Lewin, MR, 1987)
"Microcarcinomas are considered as initial stages of endocrine cell carcinoma."	1.27	Changes in intestinal mucosa above lymph follicles during carcinogenesis in rats. A light and electron microscopic study. ( Shimamoto, F; Vollmer, E, 1987)
"Tegafur was effective, but levamisole with or without tegafur was not effective against early cancer."	1.27	Longer survival and fewer metastases by levamisole and tegafur in 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced murine colonic cancers. ( Aoki, N; Hamada, S; Hirayama, R; Matsumura, J; Mishima, Y; Miyanaga, T; Takagi, Y, 1985)
"To investigate the effects of the difference in the geometry of dietary fatty acids on colon tumorigenesis, male rats were fed semipurified diets containing either partially hydrogenated corn oil (trans-monoene fat) or olive oil (cis-monoene fat) at the 10% level and received a single oral dosage of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)."	1.27	Influence of dietary cis- and trans-fat on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumors and fecal steroid excretion in Fischer 344 rats. ( Koga, T; Sugano, M; Watanabe, M, 1985)
"In DMH-induced colonic cancer, the incidence as well as the concentration was higher in male rats (60."	1.27	Steroid receptors in dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis. ( Demura, H; Demura, R; Jibiki, K; Kato, Y; Nakamura, S; Oda, S; Odagiri, E, 1985)
"An experimental model of colonic cancer can be obtained in rodents by administration of 1-2 Dimethylhydrazine."	1.27	[Experimental colonic cancers]. ( Delapierre, F; Halkin, E; Laumonier, R; Roussel, F, 1985)
"Cholesterol feeding of rats with colon cancer induced by dimethylhydrazine results in reduced survival and an increased incidence of metastatic colon cancer."	1.26	Dietary cholesterol deprivation improves survival and reduces incidence of metastatic colon cancer in dimethylhydrazine-pretreated rats. ( Clark, CG; Cruse, JP; Lewin, MR, 1982)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	225 (28.63)	18.7374
1990's	175 (22.26)	18.2507
2000's	171 (21.76)	29.6817
2010's	177 (22.52)	24.3611
2020's	38 (4.83)	2.80

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Effects of a Weight Management Program on Body Weight in Individuals Who Are Overweight and Otherwise Healthy[NCT04107155]		54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-07-23	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effects of Repeated Periods of Modified Fasting to Support Healthy Natural Weight Management and Prevention of Weight Gain in Overweight But Generally Healthy Adults Over the Winter Holiday Period[NCT03372109]		23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-14	Completed
Natural Compounds to Reduce Nitrite in Meat Products: PHYTOME[NCT04138654]	Phase 1	78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-17	Completed
Functional Assessment in The Intestinal Flora Improvement[NCT04088474]		36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-05	Completed
Effects of Vigiis 101-LAB on Gut Health[NCT04046432]		54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-27	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Article	Year
Morphological and molecular alterations in 1,2 dimethylhydrazine and azoxymethane induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology, 2011, Volume: 2011 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Azoxymethane; Biomarkers, Tumor; Colonic Neoplasms; Humans; Precance	2011
DNA alkylation and repair in the large bowel: animal and human studies. The Journal of nutrition, 2002, Volume: 132, Issue:11 Suppl Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Alkylation; Animals; Carcinogens; Colon; Colonic Neoplasms; Colorectal Neopla	2002
Cancer inhibition by inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) and inositol: from laboratory to clinic. The Journal of nutrition, 2003, Volume: 133, Issue:11 Suppl 1 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Carcinogens; Colonic Neoplasms; Disease Mod	2003
Recent advances in dietary fiber and colorectal diseases. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1981, Volume: 34, Issue:6 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Cellulose; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Colonic Diseases; Colonic N	1981
[Experimental colorectal carcinogenesis (author's transl)]. Gastroenterologie clinique et biologique, 1982, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Colonic Neoplasms; Dimethylhydrazines; Female; Male; Neoplasms, Expe	1982
Role of aberrant crypt foci in understanding the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Cancer letters, 1995, Jun-29, Volume: 93, Issue:1 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Animals; Azoxymethane; Carcinogens; Cholic Acid; Cho	1995
Characterization, cloning and expression of the Tage4 gene, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. International journal of oncology, 1998, Volume: 12, Issue:5 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Antigens, Neoplasm; Chromosome Mapping; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19;	1998
Gastrointestinal tumours after stapler vs vicryl anastomoses in carcinogen-treated rats. European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology, 1990, Volume: 16, Issue:6 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Carcinogens; Colonic Neoplasms; Dimethylhydrazines;	1990
Nutritional factors in lung, colon, and prostate carcinogenesis in animal models. Federation proceedings, 1986, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Androgens; Animals; Benzo(a)pyrene; Colonic Neoplasms; Diet; Dietary Fats; Di	1986
Animal models of carcinogenesis. Progress in clinical and biological research, 1988, Volume: 279 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Adenoma; Animals; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Colonic Neoplasms; Dimethy	1988
Cholesterol conundrums: the relationship between dietary and serum cholesterol in colon cancer. Progress in clinical and biological research, 1986, Volume: 222 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Adult; Animals; Azoxymethane; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, Dietary; Cholestyrami	1986
Colorectal cancer in animal models--a review. The Journal of surgical research, 1987, Volume: 43, Issue:5 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Carcinogens; Colonic Neoplasms; Dimethylhydrazines; Rats; Rectal Neo	1987
Dietary fat and colon cancer: variable results in animal models. Progress in clinical and biological research, 1986, Volume: 222 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Azoxymethane; Body Weight; Cocarcinogenesis; Colonic Neoplasms; Diet	1986
The metabolism of the intestinal microflora and its relationship to dietary fat, colon and breast cancer. Progress in clinical and biological research, 1986, Volume: 222 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Amino Acids; Animals; Biotransformation; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinogens; Colon	1986
The influence of diet on activation and inactivation of chemicals--evidence from animals and man. Developments in toxicology and environmental science, 1986, Volume: 12 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Acetaminophen; Animals; Biotransformation; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Co	1986
Mechanisms of tumor invasion: evidence from in vivo observations. Cancer metastasis reviews, 1985, Volume: 4, Issue:4 Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Atrophy; Basement Membrane; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cel	1985

1,2-dimethylhydrazine and Colonic Neoplasms

Research Excerpts

Research

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Clinical Trials (5)

Trial Overview

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Trials

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Authors	Studies
Abdel-Rasol, MA	1
El-Beih, NM	1
Yahya, SS	1
El-Sayed, WM	1
Abdel-Wahab, BA	1
Alqhtani, H	1
Walbi, IA	1
Albarqi, HA	1
Aljadaan, AM	1
Khateeb, MM	1
Hassanein, EHM	1
Bekusova, V	1
Droessler, L	1
Amasheh, S	1
Markov, AG	1
Shree, A	2
Islam, J	2
Yadav, V	1
Sultana, S	4
Khan, HA	1
Bartolomeu, AR	1
Romualdo, GR	3
Lisón, CG	1
Besharat, ZM	1
Corrales, JAM	1
Chaves, MÁG	1
Barbisan, LF	13
Kachur, O	2
Fira, L	2
Lykhatskyі, P	1
Fira, D	2
Garlitska, N	1
Hu, R	1
Chantana, W	1
Pitchakarn, P	1
Subhawa, S	1
Chantarasuwan, B	1
Temviriyanukul, P	1
Chewonarin, T	2
Mata, R	1