1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and Lung-Neoplasms

It is recognized that the properties of liquid water can be markedly different from those of bulk one when it is in contact with hydrophobic surfaces or is confined in nano-environments. Because our knowledge regarding water structure on the molecular level of dynamic equilibrium within a picosecond time scale is far from completeness all of water's conventionally known properties are based on inert "bulk liquid water" with a tetrahedral hydrogen-bonded structure. Actually, the strength of water's hydrogen bonds (HBs) decides its properties and activities. In this review, an innovative idea on preparation of metastable plasmon-activated water (PAW) with intrinsically reduced HBs, by letting deionized (DI) water flow through gold-supported nanoparticles (AuNPs) under resonant illumination at room temperature, is reported. Compared to DI water, the created stable PAW can scavenge free hydroxyl and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and effectively reduce NO release from lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory cells. Moreover, PAW can dramatically induce a major antioxidative

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Disease Models, Animal; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression; Gold; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Lipopolysaccharides; Lung Neoplasms; Nanoparticles; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Nitric Oxide; Picrates; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Sleep Deprivation; Surface Plasmon Resonance; Water

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Curcumin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Molecular Structure; Neoplasms, Experimental; NF-kappa B; Picrates; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Structure-Activity Relationship; Triazoles; Zebrafish

This work tested antioxidant, anti-lung cancer, and antibacterial activities by in vitro, in vivo, and computational experiments for the metabolites extracted from the bark, seed, and stem of

Topics: A549 Cells; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Bacteria; Biphenyl Compounds; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Picrates; Reactive Oxygen Species; Structure-Activity Relationship; Toxicodendron

The aim of the study was to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs) with chitosan (CS), and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) as a carrier for the drug piceatannol (PIC). The synthesized nanoparticles form the composite of polymeric-drug nanoparticles (CS/PLA-PIC NPs) by dropping method. The preliminary and stability studies were determined for the polymers drug-loading capacity and encapsulation efficiencies. The in vitro drug release study showed that NPs provided a continuous release of the entrapped PIC. The NPs found to be a good scavenger for DPPH, SOD and NO radicals. MTT and LDH assays revealed higher cytotoxic efficacy of CS/PLA-PIC NPs in HepG2, A549 and MCF7 cells compared to CS-PLA NPs and PIC. Dual staining results showed the early/late-stages of apoptotic and necrotic cells. Furthermore, cells treated with CS/PLA-PIC NPs showed fragmenting DNA and also demonstrated for apoptotic cells percentage by flow cytometry. These results suggested that upon CS/PLA-PIC NPs exposure leads to decrease in cancer cell viability due to apoptosis.

Topics: Apoptosis; Biphenyl Compounds; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Chitosan; DNA Fragmentation; Drug Carriers; Drug Liberation; Humans; Liver; Lung Neoplasms; MCF-7 Cells; Nanoparticles; Nitric Oxide; Picrates; Polyesters; Stilbenes; Superoxide Dismutase

Baeckea frutescens is a natural remedy recorded to be used in curing various health conditions. In Peninsular Malaysia, B. frutescens is found on the mountain tops, quartz ridge and sandy coasts. To our knowledge, there is only limited published literature on B. frutescens.. B. frutescens leaf crude methanol and its fractionated extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate and water) were prepared. Folin-Ciocalteau's method was used for the measurement of total phenolic content of the extracts. The antioxidant activity was measured by the scavenging activity on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals, reducing power assay through the Prussian blue complex formation, the metal chelating assay as well as the β-Carotene-linoleic acid system assay. The cytotoxic activity of the extracts were evaluated against two lung carcinoma cell lines with varying molecular characteristics using the MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. Lastly the toxicity of the crude methanol extract was evaluated using the acute oral toxicity experiment.. The methanolic extract with highest phenolic content showed the strongest β-carotene bleaching inhibition, whilst the water extract exhibited the highest activity in metal chelating and reducing power assays. The hexane extract displayed a mild cytotoxic effect on both A549 and NCI-H1299 human lung carcinoma cell lines. No mortalities and no adverse effects were observed in the acute oral toxicity investigation at the highest dose of 5000 mg/kg.. The findings in the present study suggest B. frutescens may be considered as a safe source of compounds with antioxidant and cytotoxic properties for therapeutic and functional food applications.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Biphenyl Compounds; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Myrtaceae; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Phytotherapy; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves

Four new 2-oxo-1,2-dihydrobenzo[h]quinoline-3-carbaldehyde N-substituted thiosemicarbazone ligands (H(2)-LR, where R = H, Me, Et or Ph) and their corresponding new cobalt(III) complexes have been synthesized and characterized. The structures of the complexes 2 and 3 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The interactions of the new complexes with DNA were investigated by absorption, emission and viscosity studies which indicated that the complexes bind to DNA via intercalation. Antioxidant studies of the new complexes showed that the significant antioxidant activity against DPPH radical. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity of complexes 1-4 against A549 cell line was assayed which showed higher cytotoxic activity with lower IC(50) values indicating their efficiency in killing the cancer cells even at very low concentrations.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Binding, Competitive; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cobalt; Crystallography, X-Ray; DNA; Ethidium; Ferric Compounds; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lung Neoplasms; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Nitric Oxide; Organometallic Compounds; Picrates; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thiosemicarbazones

The present investigation was to evaluate the effects of essential oils of Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) on free radicals and in vivo antioxidant properties.. Essential oils were extracted using hydro-distillation and compound analysis was performed by GC-MS analysis. Screening for inhibitory activity was conducted by DPPH and OH-scavenging assays. In addition an in vivo study was carried out in cell line implanted cancer bearing mice with assessment of levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide and reduced glutathione. Finally, lungs were dissected out for histopathology study of metastasis.. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of carvocrol and trans-caryophyllene as the major compounds with 96% comparison with the Wilily and NBS libraries. The essential oil exhibited significant inhibition in DPPH free radical formation. Whereas reducing power and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity are dose dependent. When compared with the standard, it was found that the essential oil has more or less equal activity in scavenging free radicals produced. In the animal studies, the level of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as glutathione, were found to be increased in treated groups whereas lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide were reduced. Histopathology report also shows that the essential oil has a significant combating effect against cancer development.. In all the in vitro assays, a significant correlation existed between the concentrations of the essential oil and percentage inhibition of free radicals. The in vivo studies also has shown a very good antioxidant property for the essential oil during cancer development. From, these results the essential oil can be recommended for treating disease related to free radicals and to prevent cancer development.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Catalase; Cell Line, Tumor; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Lipid Peroxidation; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Melanoma, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nitric Oxide; Oils, Volatile; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Superoxide Dismutase; Wedelia

The decoction of the whole plant of Elephantopus mollis Kunth. is traditionally consumed to treat various free radical-mediated diseases including cancer and diabetes.. This study was initiated to determine whether the most effective antioxidant compound isolated from the whole plant of Elephantopus mollis can also contribute to its claimed traditional values as anticancer and antidiabetes agents.. An active antiradical phenolic compound (3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid) was isolated from the methanol extract (with the highest in polyphenolic content) and their antioxidant activities were compared using four different assays, that are DPPH, FRAP, metal chelating, and β-carotene bleaching tests. The compound was also evaluated for its cytotoxic activity, apoptotic induction and anti-glucosidase efficacies using methylene blue, DeadEnd™ assay and α-glucosidase assays, respectively.. The compound acted as a greater primary antioxidant than its methanol extract, by having higher ferric reducing activity (EC(50) 2.18±0.05 μg/ml), β-carotene bleaching activity (EC(50) 23.85±0.65 μg/ml) and DPPH scavenging activity (EC(50) 68.91±5.44μg/ml), whereas the methanol extract exhibited higher secondary antioxidant activity as a metal chelator with lower EC(50) value (49.39±3.68 μg/ml) than the compound. Cytotoxicity screening of this compound exhibited a remarkable dose-dependent inhibitory effect on NCI-H23 (human lung adenocarcinoma) cell lines (EC(50) 3.26±0.35 μg/ml) and was found to be apoptotic in nature based on a clear indication of DNA fragmentation. This compound also displayed a concentration-dependent α-glucosidase inhibition with EC(50) 241.80±14.29 μg/ml.. The findings indicate the major role of 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid to antioxidant capacities of Elephantopus mollis extracts. The compound also exerted apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects and is thus a promising non toxic agent in treating cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Asteraceae; beta Carotene; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line, Tumor; Chelating Agents; Chlorogenic Acid; DNA Fragmentation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ferric Compounds; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols