(melle-4)cyclosporin and Cardiovascular-Diseases

Mitochondria are critical for sustaining life, not only as the essential powerhouses of cells but as critical mediators of cell survival and death. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a key perturbation underlying numerous pathologies including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and the subsequent development of impaired left ventricular systolic function and compensatory cardiac hypertrophy. This article outlines the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in these important cardiac pathologies and highlights current cardioprotective strategies and their clinical efficacy in acute myocardial infarction and heart failure patients. Finally, we explore novel mitochondrial targets and evaluate their potential future translation for clinical cardioprotection.

Topics: Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cell Death; Cyclosporine; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ischemic Postconditioning; Ischemic Preconditioning; Mitochondria, Heart; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; Mitophagy; Myocytes, Cardiac; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Reactive Oxygen Species; Secosteroids; Ubiquinone