xylazine has been researched along with ketamine in 828 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 184 (22.22) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 167 (20.17) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 190 (22.95) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 222 (26.81) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 65 (7.85) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Haigh, JC | 1 |
| Bree, MM; Cohen, BJ | 1 |
| Banknieder, AR; Jackson, KT; Phillips, JM; Vinal, SI | 1 |
| Cummings, JF; White, GL | 1 |
| Hunter, WS; Naccarato, EF | 1 |
| Kinney, GM; Seager, SW; Wildt, DE | 1 |
| Green, CJ | 1 |
| Blevins, DI; Christie, GJ; Stephenson, JC | 1 |
| Bauman, DH; Keller, GL | 1 |
| Amend, JF; Butera, TS; Clarke, LL; Garner, HE; Hatfield, DG; Moore, JN | 1 |
| Mulder, JB; Mulder, KJ | 1 |
| Kaplan, B | 1 |
| Bolooki, H; Kyle, OC; Novak, S | 1 |
| Arnbjerg, J | 2 |
| Kumar, A; Singh, H | 1 |
| Addison, EM; Kolenosky, GB | 1 |
| Sedgwick, CJ | 1 |
| Hayton, WL; Kaka, JS; Klavano, PA | 1 |
| DenBesten, L; Roslyn, J; Thompson, JE | 1 |
| Trillmich, F; Wiesner, H | 1 |
| Stickrod, G | 1 |
| Star, EG | 1 |
| Nielsen, GD | 1 |
| Bowen, JS | 1 |
| Brunson, DB; Short, CE | 1 |
| Barton, R; Bush, LM; Bush, M; Custer, R; Smeller, J | 1 |
| Muir, WW; Sheehan, W; Skarda, RT | 1 |
| Mulder, JB | 1 |
| Milne, DW; Muir, WW; Skarda, RT | 1 |
| Gelatt, KN; Gum, GG; Gwin, RM; Peiffer, RL | 1 |
| Cullen, LK; Jones, RS | 1 |
| Van Pelt, LF | 1 |
| Richter, AG | 1 |
| Holmes, DD; White, GL | 1 |
| Friedman, JR; Navarro, JA | 1 |
| Hardenbrook, HJ; Kumar, A; Thurmon, JC | 1 |
| Fritsch, R; Nagel, ML | 1 |
| Haskins, SC; Peiffer, RL; Stowe, CM | 1 |
| Baas, EJ; Bacher, JD; Potkay, S | 1 |
| Brauth, SE; Heaton, JT | 1 |
| Avison, DL; Corning, BF; Lipman, NS; Marini, RP | 1 |
| Mochizuki, M; Nishimura, R; Sakaguchi, M; Sasaki, N; Takahashi, H; Takeuchi, A; Tamura, H | 1 |
| Bolton, JR; Cullen, LK; Lester, GD; Thurgate, SM | 1 |
| Schumann, R | 1 |
| Belant, JL | 3 |
| Benson, GJ; Branson, KR; Lin, HC; Olson, WA; Thurmon, JC; Tranquilli, WJ; Vähä-Vahe, AT | 1 |
| Aldama, JJ; Delibes, M; Ferreras, P; Travaini, A | 1 |
| Kilander, K; Williams, H | 1 |
| Hamlin, RL | 1 |
| Archer, RM; Curtis, MB; Eicker, SW; Lindsay, WA | 1 |
| Cornick, JL; Jensen, J | 1 |
| Mezerová, J; Nĕmecek, L; Snásil, M | 1 |
| Beyers, TM; Prince, MD; Richardson, JA | 1 |
| Burton, HR; Mitchell, PJ | 1 |
| Goss-Sampson, MA; Kriss, A | 1 |
| Engel, HN; Froman, DP; Kirby, JD | 1 |
| Kanagawa, H; Mano, T; Tsubota, T; Yamamoto, K; Yamanaka, M | 1 |
| Crane, LH; Martin, L | 1 |
| Bennett, BT; Brown, MJ; McCarthy, TJ | 1 |
| Florestal, A; Gorman, P; Kohn, DF; Oz, MC; Popilskis, SJ | 1 |
| Anthony, KL; Hobbs, BA; Rolhall, TG; Sprenkel, TL | 1 |
| Dollars, NS; Matthews, NS; Shawley, RV; Young, DB | 1 |
| Hashim, MA; Waterman, AE | 1 |
| Ganter, M; Kanngiesser, M | 1 |
| Kaegi, B | 1 |
| Dick, GC | 1 |
| Donnay, I; Ectors, F; Fargetton, X; Verstegen, J | 2 |
| Komulainen, A; Olson, ME | 1 |
| Arnbjerg, J; Eriksen, T | 1 |
| Hiben, JR; Hrapkiewicz, KL; Smiler, KL; Stein, S | 1 |
| Berman, NG; Fox, JG; Sylvina, TJ | 1 |
| Borkowski, GL; Danneman, PJ; Lang, CM; Russell, GB | 1 |
| Erdman, SE; Lipman, NS; Marini, RP | 1 |
| Alef, M; Röcken, M; Schmidt-Oechtering, GU | 1 |
| Beale, KM; Cannon, R; Chalker, L; Kunkle, GA | 1 |
| Hovette, C | 1 |
| Gallix, P; Leonard, M; Viguier, E | 1 |
| Arora, A; Crewther, SG; Millar, TJ | 1 |
| Barth, A; Fleck, C | 1 |
| English, AW; Stewart, MC | 1 |
| Ferguson, D; McCarty, JE; Trim, CM | 1 |
| Fargetton, X; Moens, Y | 1 |
| Amouzadeh, HR; Sangiah, S | 1 |
| Matsunami, K; Tokuriki, M; Uzuka, Y | 1 |
| Kreeger, TJ; Seal, US; Tester, JR | 1 |
| Dobson, A; Gleed, RD; Hackett, RP | 1 |
| Crowther, JA; Kileny, PR; Miller, JM | 1 |
| Maede, Y; Ohtaishi, N; Sasaki, A; Suzuki, M; Yamanaka, Y | 1 |
| Palmore, WP | 1 |
| Amouzadeh, HR; Nossaman, BC; Sangiah, S | 1 |
| Hellebrekers, LJ; Sap, R; van Wandelen, RM | 1 |
| Mills, JH; Smith, DI | 1 |
| Cullen, AP; Dzialoszynski, T; Hirst, M; Trevithick, JR | 1 |
| Cannon, SC; Crowther, J; Jyung, RW; Kileny, P; Miller, JM | 1 |
| Richardson, ME; Scott, RA; Wyatt, JD | 1 |
| Mgasa, MN; Sagenge, E | 1 |
| Erhardt, W; Hafner, S; Halm, S; von Hegel, G; Wiesner, H | 1 |
| Ectors, F; Fargetton, X; Verstegen, J | 1 |
| Fox, A; Kufoy, EA; Pakalnis, VA; Parks, CD; Wells, A; Yang, CH | 1 |
| Coulson, NM; Dodd, KT; Januszkiewicz, AJ; Ripple, GR | 1 |
| Schmidt-Oechtering, GU | 1 |
| Amouzadeh, HR; Qualls, CW; Sangiah, S | 1 |
| Deresienski, DT; Rupprecht, CE | 1 |
| Ludders, JW; Mitchell, GS; Nordheim, EV; Rode, J | 1 |
| Larach, DR; Moore, RL; Musch, TI; Warfel, BS | 1 |
| Bellantoni, ES; DelGiudice, GD; Etchberger, RC; Krausman, PR; Seal, US | 1 |
| Gerstein, GL; Gochin, PM; Kaltenbach, JA | 1 |
| Hindell, M; Slip, DJ; Woods, R | 1 |
| Hikasa, Y; Irie, Y; Ogasawara, S; Takase, K | 1 |
| Hughes, HC; Lang, CM; Marshall, WK; White, WJ; Wixson, SK | 4 |
| Nazian, SJ | 1 |
| Hoover, JP | 1 |
| Bowman, TA; Drozdowicz, CK; Keller, LS; Lang, CM; Rice, L | 1 |
| Beemsterboer, JM; Goullaud, EL; Gray, PR; Johnson, CA; Slusser, PG | 1 |
| Bancroft, BJ; Johnstone, IP | 1 |
| Curl, JL | 1 |
| Fowler, ME; Gavier, D; Hall, G; Johnson, LE; Kittleson, MD; Nearenberg, D | 1 |
| Battles, AH; Bone, L; Goldfarb, RD; Lombard, CW; Moreland, AF | 1 |
| Fischer, K; Sancken, U | 1 |
| Boyle, WA; Loy, SF; Segel, LD | 1 |
| England, GC; Kock, RA | 1 |
| Baggs, RB; Guillet, R; Kellogg, CK; Wyatt, J | 1 |
| DelGiudice, GD; Kreeger, TJ; Seal, US | 1 |
| Degernes, LA; Kreeger, TJ; Mandsager, R; Redig, PT | 1 |
| Leduc, LE; Moore, TC; Spruck, CH | 1 |
| Ludders, JW; Sedgwick, CJ; Sharp, P; Thomas, CB | 1 |
| Chalabi, K; Reim, M; Schütte, M | 1 |
| Kreeger, TJ; Seal, US | 1 |
| Allen, JL; Oosterhuis, JE | 1 |
| McCabe, K; Olson, ME | 1 |
| Bellin, SI; Dellmann, HD; Hanson, CE; Hsu, WH | 1 |
| Page, CD | 1 |
| Benson, GJ; Thurmon, JC | 1 |
| Suckling, AJ | 1 |
| Berry, HH; van Wyk, TC | 1 |
| Armstrong, DL; Seal, US; Simmons, LG | 1 |
| Teare, JA | 1 |
| Boschert, KR; Gaertner, DJ; Schoeb, TR | 1 |
| Lane, JG; Robertson, SA; Waterman, AE | 1 |
| Hall, LW; Houlton, JE; Watkins, SB; Watney, GC | 1 |
| Jones, RS | 1 |
| Bali, S; Bark, H; White, RJ | 1 |
| Callahan, M; Faggella, AM; Hall, B; Kreeger, TJ; Mech, LD; Seal, US | 1 |
| Blaze, C; Reuter, R | 1 |
| Kommonen, B; Raitta, C | 1 |
| Lipman, NS; Newcomer, CE; Phillips, PA | 1 |
| Burton, HR; Gales, NJ | 1 |
| Adams, HR; Allert, JA | 1 |
| DelGiudice, GD; Karns, PD; Mech, LD; Paul, WJ | 1 |
| Faggella, AM; Kreeger, TJ; Seal, US | 1 |
| Del Giudice, GD; Karns, PD; Kreeger, TJ; Seal, US | 1 |
| Burroughs, RE; Ebedes, H; Gandini, GC; Keffen, RH | 1 |
| Allen, DG; Dyson, DH; O'Grady, MR; Pascoe, PJ | 1 |
| Calderone, L; Grimes, P; Shalev, M | 1 |
| Ingram, L; Silverman, J | 1 |
| Benson, GJ; Thurmon, JC; Tranquilli, WJ | 1 |
| Kellagher, RE; Watney, GC | 1 |
| Benson, GJ; Greene, SA; Thurmon, JC; Tranquilli, WJ | 1 |
| Gahlawat, JS; Nigam, JM; Peshin, PK; Singh, AP; Singh, J; Singh, P | 1 |
| Benson, GJ; Smith, CW; Thurmon, JC; Tranquilli, WJ | 1 |
| Horohov, JE; Sims, MH | 1 |
| Irwin, LL; Logan, KA; Skinner, R; Thorne, ET | 1 |
| Farver, TB; Haskins, SC; Patz, JD | 1 |
| Allen, JL | 1 |
| Gilroy, BA; Trim, CM | 1 |
| Baker, JR; Gatesman, TJ | 1 |
| von Hegel, G; Wiesner, H | 1 |
| Glaser, C; Moreland, AF | 1 |
| Filion, DL; Hoar, RM | 1 |
| McKelvey, WA; Simpson, CA | 1 |
| Colbern, GT; Martin, CL; Trim, CM | 1 |
| Allen, J; Jacobson, ER; Kollias, GV; Martin, H | 1 |
| Broughton, E; Knutsen, LO; Ramsay, MA; Stirling, I | 1 |
| Herbst, LH; Packer, C; Seal, US | 1 |
| Del Giudice, GD; Karns, PD; Mech, LD; Seal, US | 1 |
| Wright, M | 1 |
| Soma, LR | 1 |
| Clark, JD; Hatch, RC; Kitzman, JV; Zahner, JM | 1 |
| Breese, CE; Dodman, NH | 1 |
| Moore, TC | 2 |
| Böckeler, W; Feddersen, D | 1 |
| Benson, GJ; Davis, LE; Hoffman, W; Lock, TF; Neff-Davis, CA; Thurmon, JC; Tranquilli, WJ | 1 |
| Erhardt, W | 1 |
| Allen, JL; Jacobson, ER; Tabeling, H; Turner, TA; Welsch, B | 1 |
| Waterman, AE | 4 |
| Bartholomew, JL; Montrey, RD; Tezak, TM | 1 |
| Howlett, JC; Jones, DM; Knight, JA; Samour, JH | 1 |
| Aschenbrenner, G; Blümel, G; Erhardt, W; Hebestedt, A; Pichotka, B | 1 |
| Lawton, MP | 1 |
| Hsu, WH; Lu, ZX | 1 |
| Kock, RA | 1 |
| Davies, JH; Dormehl, IC; Goosen, DJ; Maree, M | 1 |
| Kommonen, B; Koskinen, L | 1 |
| Hart, MV; Hohimer, AR; Hosenpud, JD; Morton, MJ; Rowles, JR | 1 |
| Burden, DJ; Hammet, NC | 1 |
| Jacobson, ER | 1 |
| Clark, WE; Gullett, PA; Jessup, DA; Jones, KR | 1 |
| Arbuckle, JB; Berry, AP; Nicol, J | 1 |
| Curl, JL; Peters, LL | 1 |
| Byagagaire, SD; Mbiuki, SM | 1 |
| Booth, NH; Hatch, RC; Kitzman, JV; Wilson, RC | 1 |
| Fisher, RJ | 1 |
| Karl, AA; Nieser, MJ; Reutlinger, RA; Vinal, SI | 1 |
| Copland, JA; Mills, TM | 1 |
| Geiser, DR | 1 |
| Fuller, TK; Kuehn, DW | 1 |
| Trillmich, F | 1 |
| Taylor, P | 1 |
| Gilroy, BA; Varga, JS | 1 |
| Brunson, DB; Cantor, GH; Reibold, TW | 1 |
| Hall, LW; Taylor, PM | 1 |
| April, M; Gerety, RJ; Tabor, E | 1 |
| Kolata, RJ; Rawlings, CA | 1 |
| Muir, WW; Rings, DM | 1 |
| D'Alleinne, CP; Mann, DD | 1 |
| Hembrough, FB; Hsu, WH | 1 |
| Clement, JG; Lee, MJ | 1 |
| Brouwer, GJ; Hall, LW; Kuchel, TR | 1 |
| Ghodsian, I; Karimi, H; Nowrouzian, I; Schels, HF | 1 |
| Green, CJ; Knight, J; Precious, S; Simpkin, S | 1 |
| Haigh, J; Kernan, F; Lee, J; Schweinsburg, R | 1 |
| Mysinger, PW; Purohit, RC; Redding, RW | 1 |
| Colby, ED; Sanford, TD | 1 |
| Dodman, NH | 1 |
| Beltrán, JF; Tewes, ME | 1 |
| Davis, JA; Gardner, DJ; Theune, B; Weina, PJ | 1 |
| Ko, JC; McCaine, WC; McGrath, CJ; Pablo, LS; Rogers, ER; Williams, BL | 1 |
| Burton, H; McLean, S; Nicol, S; Woods, R | 2 |
| Claing, A; D'Orléans-Juste, P; Gratton, JP; Rae, GA; Télémaque, S | 1 |
| Beltrán, JF; Bo, RF; de Villafañe, G; Moreno, S; Palomares, F | 1 |
| Bucci, TJ; Perman, V; Weiss, DJ; Wustenberg, W | 1 |
| Finegood, DT; Tobin, BW | 1 |
| Pieterse, MC; van Dieten, JS | 1 |
| Göthert, M; Herold, H; Szelenyi, I | 1 |
| Barzago, MM; Bonati, M; Bortolotti, A; Marraro, G; Pagani, C; Stellari, FF | 1 |
| Delima, EC; Rietkerk, FE | 1 |
| Cohen, MV; Daly, JJ; Downey, JM; Thornton, JD; Tsuchida, A; Walsh, RS | 1 |
| Lin, HC; Robbins, RL; Thurmon, JC; Tyler, JW; Wallace, SS; Wolfe, DF | 1 |
| Eberhart, S; Robertson, SA | 1 |
| Esteves, MI; Fox, JG; Marini, RP | 1 |
| Black, WD; Pascoe, PJ; Steffey, EP | 1 |
| Addison, EM; Garner, DL | 1 |
| Aldama, JJ; Beltrán, JF; Delibes, M; Ferreras, P | 1 |
| Juranová, R; Krajca, A | 1 |
| Aida, H; Fujinaga, T; Hara, H; Mizuno, Y | 1 |
| Laudenslager, ML; Lockwood, LL; Maier, SF; Silbert, LH; Watkins, LR | 1 |
| Váhala, J | 1 |
| Curl, WW; Holden, MB; Koman, LA; Marr, A; Smith, BP; Smith, TL; Wise, T | 1 |
| Hartsfield, SM; Hustead, DR; Light, GS; Matthews, NS; Sanders, EA | 1 |
| Jacobson, JD; Ko, JC; McGrath, CJ; Smith, VL; Williams, BL | 1 |
| Lin, HC; Spano, JS; Thurmon, JC; Tyler, JW; Welles, EG; Wolfe, DF | 1 |
| Harrison, IW; Lin, HC; Robbins, RL; Thurmon, JC; Wallace, SS | 1 |
| Amzica, F; Nuñez, A; Steriade, M | 1 |
| Deschênes, M; Soltesz, I | 1 |
| Smith, W | 1 |
| Palomares, F | 1 |
| Chiou, GC; Li, BH; Rohde, BH | 1 |
| Nakano, H; Ogashiwa, M; Saito, K; Suzuki, K | 1 |
| Clark, JA; Dixon, D; Forsythe, DB; Myers, PH; Payton, AJ; Snipe, JR | 1 |
| Bartram, DH; Diamond, MJ; Gregg, AS; Jones, RS; Young, LE | 1 |
| Akkaya, R; Amouzadeh, HR; Burrows, G; Qualls, CW; Roder, JD; Sangiah, S | 1 |
| McGaraughty, S; Reinis, S; Tsoukatos, J | 2 |
| Vicario, DS; Yohay, KH | 1 |
| Hartsfield, SM; Hayton, WL; Jones, DH; Matthews, NS; Taylor, TS | 1 |
| D'Orléans-Juste, P; Gratton, JP; Maurice, MC; Rae, GA | 1 |
| Metzger, MM; Riccio, DC | 2 |
| Chapman, PL; Dunlop, CI; Wagner, AE; Wertz, EM | 1 |
| Ishiguro, T; Nishimura, R; Sakaguchi, M; Sasaki, N; Takeuchi, A; Tamura, H | 1 |
| Beerntsen, BT; Christensen, BM; Christensen, LA; Klinkhammer, JA; Lowenberger, CA | 1 |
| Blais, D; Cuvelliez, S; Larivière, N; Rosseel, G; Salmon, Y; Troncy, E | 1 |
| Henrikson, H; Jensen-Waern, M; Nyman, G | 1 |
| Lancia, RA; Soutiere, EC; Wallingford, BD | 1 |
| Roder, JD; Sangiah, S; Shen, Y | 1 |
| Biaglow, JE; Kim, S; Manevich, Y; Pavlovic, M; Wróblewski, K | 1 |
| Amzica, F; Contreras, D; Steriade, M; Timofeev, I | 1 |
| Crenshaw, D; Hinson, A; Radde, GR; Toth, LA | 1 |
| Barr, GA; Yi, DK | 1 |
| Seligmann, BE; Stringer, SK | 1 |
| Alibhai, HI; Clarke, KW; Lee, YH; Song, DY | 1 |
| Lish, JL; Qualls, CW; Roder, JD; Sangiah, S | 1 |
| Bettschart-Wolfensberger, R; Bloomfield, MR; Dawling, S; Rentsch, K; Sear, JW; Taylor, PM | 1 |
| Kerr, CL; McDonell, WN; Young, SS | 2 |
| Dyson, DH; McDonell, WN; Singh, S; Young, SS | 1 |
| Cazals, Y; Huang, ZW | 1 |
| Betz, AL; Kawai, N; Keep, RF | 1 |
| Peukert, A; Troitzsch, D; Vogt, S | 1 |
| Ramsay, E; Sleeman, J; Stevens, R | 1 |
| Cosgriff, AV; Raidal, SL; Raidal, SR; Richards, RB; Rose, KJ | 1 |
| Matthews, NS; Skrobarcek, CL; Taylor, TS; Williams, JD | 1 |
| Hartsfield, SM; Matthews, NS; Taylor, TS; Williams, JD | 1 |
| Adams, JG; Cowgill, LM; Trim, CM; Ward, SL | 1 |
| Akao, M; Iwase, T; Kouchi, I; Morita, Y; Murakami, T; Nagai, K; Nawada, R; Sasayama, S | 1 |
| Mann, LS; Soma, LR; Tomasic, M | 1 |
| Cabral, AM; Kapusta, DR; Varner, KJ | 1 |
| Craigmill, AL; Damian, P; Rangel-Lugo, M; Riviere, JE | 1 |
| Azzawi, A; Beerle, BJ; Dunn, JF; Goda, F; Hoopes, PJ; Liu, KJ; Rolett, EL; Swartz, HM | 1 |
| Amzica, F; Steriade, M | 1 |
| Simpson, DP | 1 |
| Parsons, CH; Rogers, LJ | 2 |
| Fournier, P; Fournier-Chambrillon, C; Vié, JC | 1 |
| Balogh, A; Csécsei, GI; Furka, I; Mikó, I; Mikó, L; Molnár, C; Székely, G | 1 |
| Ando, T; Imai, R; Imawaka, M; Ito, T; Kanamaru, K; Saijo, T; Sasaki, S; Sato, S; Sugimoto, S | 1 |
| Contant, CF; Henley, CM; Mills, CD; Robertson, CS | 1 |
| Cantú Salazar, L; Casariego Madorell, MA; De Villa Meza, A; González-Romero, A; Hidalgo Mihart, MG; Laundré, JW; López González, CA; Martínez Meyer, E | 1 |
| Blumenthal, SR; Gordon, BE; Skoula, CM | 1 |
| Barker, RW; Crow, DW; Ewing, SA; Fox, JC; Johnson, EM; Kocan, KM | 1 |
| de Thoisy, B; Vié, JC; Vogel, I | 1 |
| Meyer-Lindenberg, A; Nolte, I; Rückert, C | 1 |
| Alfonso, M; Arufe, MC; Durán, R | 1 |
| Grenier, F; Steriade, M; Timofeev, I | 2 |
| Beleau, MH; Carroll, GL; Hartsfield, SM; Hooper, RN; Martinez, EA; Matthews, NS; Rains, CB | 1 |
| Kollias-Baker, C; Mama, KR; Pascoe, PJ; Steffey, EP | 1 |
| Haupt, H; Rebentisch, E; Scheibe, F | 1 |
| Bürki, K; Meier, G; Panoussis, B; Zeller, W | 1 |
| Garrison, RN; Harris, PD; Lüebbe, AS | 1 |
| Cabral, AD; Kapusta, DR; Kenigs, VA; Varner, KJ | 1 |
| Arai, M; Fujiwara, H; Hashimoto, K; Kariya, T; Minatoguchi, S; Nishida, Y; Ohno, M; Uno, Y; Wo, DJ | 1 |
| Furukawa, S; Keller, BB; MacLennan, MJ | 1 |
| Owyang, C; Takahashi, T | 1 |
| Gardner, H; Lynch, MJ; Tahmindjis, MA | 1 |
| Destexhe, A; Paré, D | 1 |
| Dangler, C; Harpster, NK; Li, X; Marini, RP | 1 |
| Deangelis, J; Hampton, TG; Morgan, JP; Travers, K; Wang, JF | 1 |
| Côté, CH; Lapointe, BM | 1 |
| Carretero, OA; Kim, HE; Kurihara, N; Liu, YH; Rhaleb, NE; Yang, XP | 1 |
| Foster, CA | 1 |
| Aguilar, JM; Galka, ME; Gómez-Villamandos, RJ; Quevedo, MA; Santisteban, JM | 1 |
| Hernández-Carrasquilla, M; Olmos-Carmona, ML | 1 |
| Gerstein, GL; Kisley, MA | 1 |
| Demidenko, E; Grinberg, O; Leichtweis, SB; Liu, KJ; Miyake, M; Swartz, HM; Taie, S | 1 |
| Caulkett, NA; Cribb, PH; Haigh, JC | 1 |
| de Thoisy, B; Fournier, P; Fournier-Chambrillon, C; Vié, JC; Vogel, I | 1 |
| Boudier, HA; de Mey, JG; Hoeks, AP; Reneman, RS; Schenau, DS; van Gorp, AW | 1 |
| Cabral, AM; Kapusta, DR; Menegaz, RG | 1 |
| Baxter, P; Maddern, GJ; Porter, KJ; Rudkin, GE; Wemyss-Holden, SA | 1 |
| Hayton, SM; Kriss, A; Muller, DP | 1 |
| Aguilar, R; Bailey, JE; Foerster, CR; Foerster, SH; Loria, DL | 1 |
| Stegmann, GF | 1 |
| Branson, KR; Kramer, J | 1 |
| Grove, DM; Ramsay, EC | 1 |
| Haupt, MA; Meltzer, DG; Nel, PJ; Taylor, A | 1 |
| Badgley, B; Beard, W; Bothwell, V; Hubbell, JA; Lerche, P; Miller, T; Muir, WW; Robertson, JT | 1 |
| Cepurna, WO; Jia, L; Johnson, EC; Morrison, JC | 1 |
| Horne, WA; Kelly, BT; Loomis, MR; Sladky, KK; Stoskopf, MK | 1 |
| Aida, H; Hiraga, A; Hobo, S; Jones, JH; Pascoe, JR; Smith, BL; Steffey, EP; Steffey, MA; Takahashi, T; Yarbrough, TB | 1 |
| Schmiedt, CW; Stevenson, MA; Stiffler, KS | 1 |
| Bay, F; Kuntz, C; Reinshagen, S; Schmehding, M; Schwalbach, P | 1 |
| Hinchcliff, KW; Hubbell, JA; Muir, WW; Robertson, JT; Sams, RA; Schmall, LM | 1 |
| Amankwah, EK; Belik, J; Harabor, A; Hart, DA; Martinez, FE | 1 |
| Charpier, S; Deniau, JM; Mahon, S | 1 |
| Caddy, DJ; Canny, BJ; Hughan, SC; Loose, JM; Tilbrook, AJ; Young, IR | 1 |
| Chellam, R; Mudappa, D | 1 |
| González Gil, A; Illera, JC; Illera, M; Silván, G | 3 |
| Bellaiche, M; Ershov, E; Gips, M; Hanji, V; Shlosberg, A; Soback, S; Weisman, Y | 1 |
| Mastronardi, CA; McCann, SM; Yu, WH | 1 |
| de Melo Cabral, A; Kapusta, DR; Mauad, H; Menegaz, RG | 1 |
| Blais, D; Cuvelliez, S; Dupras, J; Vachon, P | 1 |
| Bauer, JA; Chaves, AA; Weinstein, DM | 1 |
| Cannon, TW; Damaser, MS | 1 |
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| Bonassoli, VT; Heckman, PRA; Nelissen, E; Prickaerts, J; Suay, D; van Goethem, NP; van Hagen, BTJ; Wouters, C | 1 |
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| Jung, WB; Kim, SG; Shim, HJ | 1 |
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| Manso-Díaz, G; Peña-Cadahia, C; Santiago-Llorente, I; Villalba-Orero, M | 1 |
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| Chang, NF; Chen, FH; Fang, J; Hong, JH; Lin, G; Lin, YC; Wang, CC; Yang, CL; Yu, CF; Yu, HP | 1 |
| Álvarez-Barcia, A; García-Medrano, B; Gayoso, MJ; Martín-Ferrero, MA; Moreno-Mateo, F | 1 |
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| Bolding, KA; Franks, KM; Han, BX; Nagappan, S; Wang, F | 1 |
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| Carai, P; Cuijpers, I; De Giorgio, D; Heymans, S; Jones, EAV; Mendes-Ferreira, P; Miranda-Silva, D; Mulder, P; Pokreisz, P; Simmonds, SJ | 1 |
| Knupp, LC; Patrick, DJ; Ramos, MF; Zwick, LS | 1 |
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| Beazley, SG; Duke-Novakovski, T; Fujiyama, M; Jimenez, CP | 1 |
| Cai, XF; Du, WH; Ma, YL; Wang, M; Xia, SY; Zhang, SM | 1 |
| Hunt, MJ; Kublik, E; Średniawa, W; Whittington, MA; Wójcik, DK; Wróbel, J | 1 |
| Chini, M; Dieter, A; Formozov, A; Hanganu-Opatz, IL; Morellini, F; Piechocinski, P; Pöpplau, JA; Rais, C; Sporns, O; Wiegert, JS; Yang, W | 1 |
| Chang, LJ; Ko, JC; Weil, AB; Weng, HY | 1 |
| Barletta, M; Cohen, B; Giguère, S; Miller, KV; Mitchell, K; Osborn, D; Quandt, J; Watson, E | 1 |
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| Antunes, HKM; da Luz, MHM; Lee, KS; Neto, MM; Pereira, GC | 1 |
| Bonnin, P; Buob, D; Galichon, P; Hadchouel, J; Legouis, D; Migeon, T; Placier, S; Verney, C | 1 |
| Adam, M; Aho, R; Hänninen, L; Hokkanen, AH; Norring, M; Raekallio, M; Salla, K; Taponen, S | 1 |
| Grothe, B; Jing, Z; Pecka, M | 1 |
| Araújo, NP; Ataíde, LAP; Barros, RSM; Calvo, FC; Chaves, RHF; Duarte, TB; Santos, DRD; Teixeira, RKC | 1 |
| Costa, WS; Pereira-Sampaio, MA; Procópio, IM; Sampaio, FJB; Souza, DB | 1 |
| Siegert, S; Venturino, A | 1 |
| Bhatia, A; Dkhar, B; Pyngrope, H; Saikia, PP | 1 |
| Baumgartner, C; Behrendt-Wippermann, M; Brandl, J; Feist, M; Fux, D; Metzner, M; von Thaden, A | 1 |
| Baier, ME; Herrera Becerra, JR; Martins, LGB; Monteiro, ER; Souza, MJ | 1 |
| Abdullah, AFL; Chang, KH; Kunalan, V; Limbut, W; Md Muslim, NZ; Mohamed Sadiq, NS; Phoncai, A; Saisahas, K; Teoh, WK | 1 |
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| Azevedo, MR; Belon, AR; Bor-Seng-Shu, E; Brasil, S; de-Lima-Oliveira, M; Paiva, WS; Teixeira, MJ | 1 |
| Ağar, E; Al-Gailani, L; Al-Kaleel, A; Arslan, G; Ayyıldız, M | 1 |
| Chen, F; Xia, X; Yan, A; Zhou, J | 1 |
| Bai, H; Gao, L; Shen, M; Zhang, B; Zhang, Z | 1 |
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| Alvarez Balaro, MF; Brandão, FZ; Campos Pereira da Costa, MM; da Silva Carvalho, AB; de Moura Fernandes, DA; do Espírito Santo, CG; Rios Rodrigues, AL; Rodrigues Santos, JD; Taira, AR; Ungerfeld, R | 1 |
| Bailey, KT; Del Valle, JM; Hankenson, FC; Jantre, SR; Lawrence, FR | 1 |
| Bayat, M; Belém-Filho, IJA; Borhani-Haghighi, A; Chavoshinezhad, S; Hooshmandi, E; Karimi-Haghighi, S; Keshavarz, S; Mousavi, SM; Pandamooz, S; Rahimi Jaberi, A; Salehi, MS | 1 |
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| Alenbey, M; Alpay, Ş; Kazdağlı, H; Özbek, M; Özel, HF | 1 |
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| Akaraphutiporn, E; Bunnag, N; Durongphongtorn, S; Pacharinsak, C; Sharp, P; Soontornvipart, K; Wangdee, C | 1 |
| Green, TC; Harvey, LH; Park, JN; Rich, JD | 1 |
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7 review(s) available for xylazine and ketamine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Chemical and physical restraint of nonhuman primates.
Topics: Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Drug Combinations; Halothane; Haplorhini; Immobilization; Ketamine; Macaca; Methohexital; Methoxyflurane; Primates; Restraint, Physical; Succinylcholine; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1978 |
[Anesthesia of horses with xylazine and ketamine. 2. Anesthesia in adult horses].
Topics: Age Factors; Anesthesia; Animals; Body Weight; Guaifenesin; Horses; Ketamine; Preanesthetic Medication; Thiazines; Thiobarbiturates; Xylazine | 1990 |
Injectable anesthetics and anesthetic adjuncts.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections; Ketamine; Parasympatholytics; Premedication; Tranquilizing Agents; Xylazine | 1987 |
Pharmacologic effects of ketamine and its use in veterinary medicine.
Topics: Amphetamine; Anesthesia; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Cardiovascular System; Cats; Cattle; Cercopithecidae; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Diazepam; Dogs; Female; Goats; Horses; Humans; Ketamine; Liver; Naloxone; Neostigmine; Phenothiazines; Physostigmine; Pregnancy; Rats; Respiratory System; Sheep; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1982 |
Anesthetic and analgesic considerations in the experimental animal.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Endotracheal; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Barbiturates; Chloral Hydrate; Chloralose; Ketamine; Neuroleptanalgesia; Preanesthetic Medication; Species Specificity; Tranquilizing Agents; Urethane; Xylazine | 1983 |
[Anesthesia procedures in the rabbit].
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Animal Feed; Animals; Fasting; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Preanesthetic Medication; Rabbits; Xylazine | 1984 |
Immobilisation of pinniped species.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analgesics; Anesthetics; Animals; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic; Restraint, Physical; Seals, Earless; Species Specificity; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Yohimbine; Zolazepam | 1999 |
72 trial(s) available for xylazine and ketamine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Comparison of the clinical utility of medetomidine/ketamine and xylazine/ketamine combinations for the ovariectomy of cats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cats; Drug Combinations; Female; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Ovariectomy; Xylazine | 1990 |
Clinical trial of xylazine with ketamine in equine anaesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Combinations; Horses; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1981 |
Increasing xylazine dose-enhanced anesthetic properties of telazol-xylazine combination in swine.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia; Animals; Drug Combinations; Drug Synergism; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Swine; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1995 |
Comparison of tiletamine-zolazepam-ketamine and tiletamine-zolazepam-ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia in sheep.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Respiration; Sheep; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1994 |
Anaesthetics for general anaesthesia in growing pigs.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Azaperone; Drug Combinations; Etomidate; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Swine; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1995 |
A comparison of romifidine and xylazine when used with diazepam/ketamine for short duration anesthesia in the horse.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Blood Proteins; Cross-Over Studies; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Imidazoles; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1996 |
A comparison of injectable anaesthetic regimens in mules.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Butorphanol; Carbon Dioxide; Catheterization, Peripheral; Equidae; Female; Heart Rate; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Respiration; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1992 |
A comparison of injectable anaesthetic regimens in Mammoth asses.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Butorphanol; Carbon Dioxide; Catheterization, Peripheral; Drug Interactions; Equidae; Female; Heart Rate; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Respiration; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1992 |
Observations on some cardiopulmonary effects of midazolam, xylazine and a midazolam/ketamine combination in the goat.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure Determination; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Goats; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Pulmonary Ventilation; Xylazine | 1999 |
Sedative and physiologic effects of orally administered alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists and ketamine in cats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Body Temperature; Cats; Female; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Imidazoles; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Oximetry; Oxygen; Prospective Studies; Respiration; Xylazine | 2000 |
Comparison of four drug combinations for total intravenous anesthesia of horses undergoing surgical removal of an abdominal testis.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesia; Analgesics; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Blood Pressure; Cryptorchidism; Diazepam; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Horse Diseases; Horses; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Male; Thiopental; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2000 |
Cardiorespiratory effects of four alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist-ketamine combinations in captive red wolves.
Topics: Acepromazine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Butorphanol; Conservation of Natural Resources; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Oximetry; Prospective Studies; Respiration; Wolves; Xylazine | 2000 |
Combined xylazine and ketamine as an analgesic regimen in sheep.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hydrocortisone; Ketamine; Pain Measurement; Pregnancy; Prolactin; Sheep; Xylazine | 2001 |
Effects of propofol as an anaesthetic agent in adult lions (Panthera leo): a comparison with two established protocols.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Diazepam; Female; Ketamine; Lions; Male; Propofol; Xylazine | 2002 |
Effect of ovariohysterectomy on canine postsurgical leukocyte function.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Dogs; Female; Halothane; Hysterectomy; Ketamine; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes; Ovariectomy; Phagocytosis; Xylazine | 2003 |
A comparison of two intramuscular doses of xylazine-ketamine combination and tolazoline reversal in llamas.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Camelids, New World; Drug Combinations; Electrocardiography; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Prospective Studies; Pulse; Respiration; Tolazoline; Xylazine | 2004 |
The effect of general anesthesia and abdominal surgery upon plasma thromboxane B concentrations in horses.
Topics: Abdomen; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Diazepam; Halothane; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Preanesthetic Medication; Thromboxane B2; Xylazine | 2004 |
Anaesthesia with midazolam/medetomidine/fentanyl in chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera) compared to anaesthesia with xylazine/ketamine and medetomidine/ketamine.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Chinchilla; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Respiration; Xylazine | 2004 |
Anesthetic and physiologic effects of tiletamine, zolazepam, ketamine, and xylazine combination (TKX) in feral cats undergoing surgical sterilization.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Wild; Castration; Cats; Female; Florida; Ketamine; Male; Tiletamine; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2004 |
Comparative study of three intramuscular anaesthetic combinations (medetomidine/ketamine, medetomidine/fentanyl/midazolam and xylazine/ketamine) in rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Fentanyl; Hemodynamics; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Prospective Studies; Rabbits; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine | 2005 |
Sedative effects of midazolam and xylazine with or without ketamine and detomidine alone following intranasal administration in Ring-necked Parakeets.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Female; Flumazenil; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Parakeets; Prospective Studies; Respiration; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2006 |
Effects of ketamine on carfentanil and xylazine immobilization of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Cross-Over Studies; Deer; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Hypoxia; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2006 |
Strategies for refinement of abdominal device implantation in mice: strain, carboxymethylcellulose, thermal support, and atipamezole.
Topics: Abdomen; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Body Temperature; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Hot Temperature; Hypothermia; Imidazoles; Implants, Experimental; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Motor Activity; Postoperative Period; Species Specificity; Telemetry; Xylazine | 2007 |
Influence of the mode of ventilation on ketamine/xylazine requirements in rabbits.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intravenous; Intubation, Intratracheal; Ketamine; Male; Prospective Studies; Rabbits; Respiration, Artificial; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2007 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of administration of a combination solution of xylazine, guaifenesin, and ketamine or inhaled isoflurane in mechanically ventilated calves.
Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cattle; Drug Therapy, Combination; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Respiration, Artificial; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2007 |
Safety and efficacy of various combinations of injectable anesthetics in BALB/c mice.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Pressure; Buprenorphine; Carbazoles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Rate; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Laboratory Animal Science; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Xylazine | 2008 |
A comparison of equine recovery characteristics after isoflurane or isoflurane followed by a xylazine-ketamine infusion.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Infusions, Intravenous; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Oxygen; Respiration; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine | 2008 |
The effects of anesthesia with a combination of intramuscular xylazine-diazepam-ketamine on heart rate, respiratory rate and cloacal temperature in roosters.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Chickens; Cloaca; Diazepam; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Xylazine | 2008 |
A comparison of two combinations of xylazine-ketamine administered intramuscularly to alpacas and of reversal with tolazoline.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Camelids, New World; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Tolazoline; Xylazine | 2008 |
Effects of two different anaesthetics on serum concentrations of cortisol and luteinizing hormone in barrows and gilts.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Female; Hydrocortisone; Ketamine; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Progesterone; Sex Characteristics; Swine; Thiopental; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2008 |
Effects of changing body position on oxygenation and arterial blood pressures in foals anesthetized with guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Pressure; Female; Guaifenesin; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Movement; Oxygen; Respiration; Xylazine | 2009 |
Use of two anesthetic combinations for semen collection by electroejaculation from captive coatis (Nasua nasua).
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Wild; Drug Combinations; Ejaculation; Ketamine; Male; Procyonidae; Restraint, Physical; Sperm Retrieval; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2009 |
The use of xylazine, ketamine, and isoflurane for induction and maintenance of anesthesia in ostriches (Struthio camelus).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Pressure; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Respiration; Struthioniformes; Xylazine | 2009 |
Effects of lumbosacral epidural ketamine and lidocaine in xylazine-sedated cats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Cats; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Nerve Block; Prospective Studies; Xylazine | 2009 |
Tramadol improved the efficacy of ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia in young pigs.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Body Temperature; Cross-Over Studies; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Oxygen Consumption; Respiration; Swine; Tramadol; Xylazine | 2009 |
Effects of midazolam on ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in guinea fowl (Numida meleagris galeata).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Drug Interactions; Galliformes; Ketamine; Midazolam; Xylazine | 2009 |
Influence of modified open lung concept ventilation on the cardiovascular and pulmonary function of horses during total intravenous anaesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Diazepam; Elective Surgical Procedures; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation; Ketamine; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Prospective Studies; Respiration; Respiration, Artificial; Xylazine | 2010 |
Evaluation of sedation and analgesia in standing horses after administration of xylazine, butorphanol, and subanesthetic doses of ketamine.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Butorphanol; Conscious Sedation; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Xylazine | 2011 |
Evaluation of infusions of xylazine with ketamine or propofol to modulate recovery following sevoflurane anesthesia in horses.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Heart Rate; Horses; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Methyl Ethers; Motor Activity; Oxygen; Propofol; Respiration; Sevoflurane; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2012 |
[Comparison of the effects of xylazine and romifidine administered perioperatively on the recovery of anesthetized horses].
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Arthroscopy; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Horses; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Male; Perioperative Care; Prospective Studies; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2011 |
Evaluation of a midazolam-ketamine-xylazine infusion for total intravenous anesthesia in horses.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Pressure; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Midazolam; Oxygen; Respiratory Rate; Xylazine | 2012 |
Alfaxalone compared with ketamine for induction of anaesthesia in horses following xylazine and guaifenesin.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Guaifenesin; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Pregnanediones; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2012 |
Assessment of unassisted recovery from repeated general isoflurane anesthesia in horses following post-anesthetic administration of xylazine or acepromazine or a combination of xylazine and ketamine.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Horses; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Xylazine | 2013 |
Influence of anesthetic agent, depth of anesthesia and body temperature on cardiovascular functional parameters in the rat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Cardiac Output; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2014 |
Use of xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride for immobilization of Indian fox (Vulpes bengalensis) in field situations.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Drug Combinations; Female; Foxes; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Pregnancy; Xylazine | 2013 |
Cardiorespiratory and antinociceptive effects of two different doses of lidocaine administered to horses during a constant intravenous infusion of xylazine and ketamine.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Xylazine | 2013 |
Effects of dexmedetomidine and xylazine on cardiovascular function during total intravenous anaesthesia with midazolam and ketamine and recovery quality and duration in horses.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cross-Over Studies; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Rate; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Midazolam; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2014 |
Cardiovascular effects of a continuous rate infusion of lidocaine in calves anesthetized with xylazine, midazolam, ketamine and isoflurane.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Cattle; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Midazolam; Xylazine | 2014 |
Influence of ketamine or xylazine supplementation on isoflurane anaesthetized horses--a controlled clinical trial.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Pressure; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Rate; Horses; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Xylazine | 2015 |
Effects of intratesticular and incisional local anesthetic administration for castration of alpacas anesthetized with intramuscular ketamine-xylazine-butorphanol.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Bupivacaine; Butorphanol; Camelids, New World; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Orchiectomy; Pain Measurement; Prospective Studies; Xylazine | 2015 |
Comparison of xylazine-ketamine and dexmedetomidine-ketamine anesthesia in captive Formosan serows (Capricornis swinhoei).
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Ruminants; Xylazine | 2014 |
IMMOBILIZING THE VULNERABLE APENNINE CHAMOIS (RUPICAPRA PYRENAICA ORNATA) WITH A LOW-DOSE XYLAZINE-KETAMINE COMBINATION, REVERSED WITH IDAZOXAN OR ATIPAMEZOLE.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Animals, Zoo; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Idazoxan; Imidazoles; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Rupicapra; Xylazine | 2015 |
COMPARISON OF THREE SHORT-TERM IMMOBILIZATION REGIMES IN WILD VERREAUX'S SIFAKAS (PROPITHECUS VERREAUXI): KETAMINE-XYLAZINE, KETAMINE-XYLAZINE-ATROPINE, AND TILETAMINE-ZOLAZEPAM.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Atropine; Drug Combinations; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Strepsirhini; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2015 |
Blood concentrations of remifentanil during and after infusion in horses anesthetized with isoflurane and dexmedetomidine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Dexmedetomidine; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Female; Half-Life; Horses; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Piperidines; Remifentanil; Xylazine | 2016 |
Effects of general anesthesia with ketamine in combination with the neuroleptic sedatives xylazine or azaperone on plasma metabolites and hormones in pigs.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Azaperone; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hydrocortisone; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Insulin; Ketamine; Swine; Xylazine | 2016 |
Comparison of Atipamezole with Yohimbine for Antagonism of Xylazine in Mice Anesthetized with Ketamine and Xylazine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Analgesics; Anesthesia; Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Laboratory Animal Science; Male; Mice; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2017 |
Does systemic lidocaine reduce ketamine requirements for endotracheal intubation in calves?
Topics: Animals; Butorphanol; Cattle; Elective Surgical Procedures; Intubation, Intratracheal; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Prospective Studies; Xylazine | 2017 |
The effect of anesthetic drug choice on accuracy of high-definition oscillometry in laterally recumbent horses.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Arterial Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination; Blood Pressure Monitors; Diazepam; Guaifenesin; Horses; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Oscillometry; Patient Positioning; Posture; Prospective Studies; Xylazine | 2017 |
Comparison of 6 Injectable Anesthetic Regimens and Isoflurane in Gray Short-tailed Opossums (
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Dexmedetomidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Monodelphis; Oxygen; Xylazine | 2017 |
Effects of Ketamine Compared with Urethane Anesthesia on Vestibular Sensory Evoked Potentials and Systemic Physiology in Mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Laboratory Animal Science; Male; Mice; Respiratory Rate; Urethane; Xylazine | 2018 |
Induction of anesthesia and recovery in donkeys sedated with xylazine: a comparison of midazolam-alfaxalone and midazolam-ketamine.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Conscious Sedation; Cross-Over Studies; Equidae; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Pregnanediones; Respiratory Rate; Xylazine | 2018 |
Comparison of Isoflurane, Ketamine-Dexmedetomidine, and Ketamine-Xylazine for General Anesthesia during Oral Procedures in Rice Rats (
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Laboratory Animal Science; Male; Mouth; Rats; Sigmodontinae; Xylazine | 2019 |
Alfaxalone-Xylazine Anesthesia in Laboratory Mice (
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Ketamine; Laboratory Animal Science; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pregnanediones; Xylazine | 2019 |
The course of plasma cortisol concentration after three different doses of ketamine in xylazine-premedicated calves.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cattle; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hydrocortisone; Ketamine; Male; Pain Measurement; Premedication; Prospective Studies; Random Allocation; Single-Blind Method; Xylazine | 2019 |
Comparison of xylazine and detomidine in combination with midazolam/ketamine for field castration in Quarter Horses.
Topics: Animals; Horses; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Orchiectomy; Xylazine | 2020 |
Comparison of three reversible injectable chemical restraint protocols in Spix´s Owl monkeys (Aotus vociferans) using ketamine, xylazine and midazolam.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Aotidae; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Xylazine | 2020 |
Comparison of anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of tiletamine-zolazepam-detomidine-butorphanol, tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine-butorphanol, and ketamine-detomidine-butorphanol in pigs.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Butorphanol; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Male; Swine; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2021 |
A comparison of the pharmacodynamic effects of intravenous ketamine-xylazine with alfaxalone in mute swans (Cygnus olor) presenting at a wildlife veterinary hospital.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Animals, Wild; Hospitals, Animal; Ketamine; Pregnanediones; Xylazine | 2021 |
A comparison of sedative effects of xylazine alone or combined with levomethadone or ketamine in calves prior to disbudding.
Topics: Anesthesia, Local; Animals; Cattle; Horns; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Xylazine | 2021 |
Determination of the effective dosage of tiletamine-zolazepam-ketamine-xylazine, with or without methadone, in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Methadone; Prospective Studies; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2022 |
Administration of butorphanol with ketamine/xylazine sedation reduces the negative responses to electroejaculation in rams.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Butorphanol; Cross-Over Studies; Glucose; Ketamine; Male; Semen; Semen Analysis; Sheep; Sheep, Domestic; Xylazine | 2022 |
Assessment of a Combination of Tiletamine/Zolazepam, Ketamine, and Dexmedetomidine for Anesthesia of Swine (Sus domesticus).
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Swine; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2023 |
749 other study(ies) available for xylazine and ketamine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Use and abuse of drugs for chemical restraint of wildlife.
Topics: Animal Population Groups; Animals; Animals, Wild; Antipsychotic Agents; Etorphine; Immobilization; Ketamine; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nicotine; Phencyclidine; Phenothiazines; Psychotropic Drugs; Succinylcholine; Sulfates; Xylazine | 1978 |
Comparison of ketmine with the combination of ketamine and xylazine for effective anesthesia in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Body Temperature; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Drug Combinations; Female; Haplorhini; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Male; Respiration; Specimen Handling; Spinal Puncture; Tattooing; Thiazines; Urinary Catheterization; Xylazine | 1978 |
A comparison of ketamine and ketamine-xylazine in the baboon.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Drug Synergism; Female; Haplorhini; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Papio; Sleep; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1979 |
Anaesthetic effects of various ratios of ketamine and xylazine in rhesus monkeys (Macacca mulatta).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Haplorhini; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1979 |
Laparoscopy for direct observation of internal organs of the domestic cat and dog.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Animals; Cats; Dogs; Female; Gallbladder; Ketamine; Laparoscopy; Liver; Male; Ovary; Pancreas; Urinary Bladder; Xylazine | 1977 |
Neuroleptanalgesic drug combinations in the anaesthetic management of small laboratory animals.
Topics: Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Butyrophenones; Cricetinae; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Etorphine; Fentanyl; Guinea Pigs; Halothane; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Methohexital; Methotrimeprazine; Mice; Neuroleptanalgesia; Pentobarbital; Piperazines; Rabbits; Rats; Xylazine | 1975 |
Safety of Rompun/Ketaset combination in dogs: a two-year study.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Dogs; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1978 |
Ketamine and xylazine anesthesia in the goat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Goats; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1978 |
Diazepam/xylazine/ketamine combination for short-term anesthesia in the horse.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Diazepam; Horses; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1978 |
Ketamine and xylazine anesthesia in the mouse.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Drug Combinations; Female; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1979 |
A practitioner's report on the use of ketamine and xylazine with or without thiamylal for general anesthesia in dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Dogs; Ketamine; Thiamylal; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1979 |
General anesthesia in pigs.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Ketamine; Swine; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1979 |
[Clinical use of ketamine-xylazine for anaesthesia in the cat (author's transl)].
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Cats; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Pregnancy; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1979 |
Clinical manifestations of overdose of ketamine-xylazine in the cat.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Cats; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1979 |
Ketamine and xylazine anaesthesia in bovine paediatric surgery.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Buffaloes; Cattle; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1979 |
Use of Ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride to immobilize black bears (Ursus americanus).
Topics: Animals; Carnivora; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Time Factors; Ursidae; Xylazine | 1979 |
Field anesthesia in stressed animals.
Topics: Acepromazine; Acidosis; Anesthesia; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Artiodactyla; Diazepam; Etorphine; Fever; Hypercapnia; Immobilization; Ketamine; Phencyclidine; Physical Exertion; Stress, Physiological; Xylazine | 1979 |
Pharmacokinetics of ketamine in the horse.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Horses; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Xylazine | 1979 |
Anesthesia for prairie dogs.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Animals; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Rodentia; Xylazine | 1979 |
Immobilisation of free-ranging Galapagos sea lions (Zalophus californianus wollebaeki).
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Caniformia; Ecuador; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Sea Lions; Xylazine | 1979 |
Ketamine/xylazine anesthesia in the pregnant rat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Female; Ketamine; Male; Pregnancy; Rats; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1979 |
[The endotracheal intubation of rabbits with xylazine and ketamine (author's transl)].
Topics: Anesthesia, Endotracheal; Animals; Intubation, Intratracheal; Ketamine; Laryngoscopes; Rabbits; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1979 |
Influence of various anaesthetics on the cardiovascular responses to noradrenaline in rats before and after guanethidine.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Pressure; Chloralose; Drug Interactions; Guanethidine; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Norepinephrine; Pentobarbital; Rats; Time Factors; Urethane; Xylazine | 1977 |
Dehorning the mature goat.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Local; Animals; Female; Goats; Horns; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Methods; Xylazine | 1977 |
General anesthesia in pleasure horses.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Horses; Ketamine; Neuroleptanalgesia; Preanesthetic Medication; Xylazine | 1978 |
The acid-base status of lions, Panthera leo, immobilized with four drug combinations.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Carbon Dioxide; Carnivora; Immobilization; Ketamine; Lions; Oxygen; Phencyclidine; Promazine; Tiletamine; Xylazine | 1978 |
Evaluation of xylazine, guaifenesin, and ketamine hydrochloride for restraint in horses.
Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Pressure; Enflurane; Female; Guaifenesin; Halothane; Horses; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1978 |
Anesthesia in the coyote using a combination of ketamine and xylazine.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Carnivora; Female; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1978 |
Feline anesthesia.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Cats; Halothane; Ketamine; Nitrous Oxide; Pentobarbital; Xylazine | 1978 |
Evaluation of xylazine and ketamine hydrochloride for anesthesia in horses.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiac Output; Female; Heart Block; Heart Rate; Horse Diseases; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Pulmonary Artery; Respiration; Spasm; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1977 |
Tonography in the normal and glaucomatous beagle.
Topics: Acepromazine; Animals; Aqueous Humor; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Droperidol; Drug Combinations; Fentanyl; Glaucoma; Immobilization; Intraocular Pressure; Ketamine; Procaine; Xylazine | 1977 |
Clinical observations on xylazine/ketamine anaesthesia in the cat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Ketamine; Male; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Thiazines; Vomiting; Xylazine | 1977 |
Ketamine and xylazine for surgical anesthesia in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reflex; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1977 |
Ketamine-xylazine immobilization of a mule deer.
Topics: Animals; Deer; Immobilization; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1977 |
A comparison of ketamine and the combination ketamine-xylazine for effective surgical anesthesia in the rabbit.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Ketamine; Muscle Relaxation; Rabbits; Reflex; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1976 |
A clinical evaluation of xylazine and ketamine HCL for cesarean section in the dog.
Topics: Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Animals; Cesarean Section; Dogs; Female; Ketamine; Pregnancy; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1975 |
Clinical studies of ketamine HCl and xylazine HCl in domestic goats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Goats; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1976 |
[Gereral anesthesia in cats using Ketamine-Xylazine].
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Cats; Drug Synergism; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1975 |
A clinical comparison of CT1341, ketamine, and xylazine in cats.
Topics: Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Central Venous Pressure; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Locomotion; Oxygen; Pregnanediones; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1975 |
Combining anesthesia in dogs.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Animals; Cats; Diazepam; Dogs; Ear, External; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1976 |
An evaluation of sedatives and anesthetics in the agouti (Dasyprocta sp).
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Droperidol; Female; Fentanyl; Halothane; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Phencyclidine; Rodentia; Xylazine | 1976 |
Effects of yohimbine as a reversing agent for ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in budgerigars.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Female; Ketamine; Male; Parrots; Reaction Time; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1992 |
Ketamine/xylazine/butorphanol: a new anesthetic combination for rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Butorphanol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Hypoxia; Ketamine; Rabbits; Reflex; Xylazine | 1992 |
A balanced anesthesia with a combination of xylazine, ketamine and butorphanol and its antagonism by yohimbine in pigs.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Butorphanol; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Respiration; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1992 |
Effects of general anesthesia on myoelectric activity of the intestine in horses.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Cecum; Colon; Electrodes, Implanted; Electromyography; Electronic Data Processing; Guaifenesin; Halothane; Horses; Ileum; Intestines; Ketamine; Random Allocation; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1992 |
Xylazine is known to cause arrhythmias in several species.
Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1992 |
Field immobilization of American martens (Martes americana) and short-tailed weasels (Mustela erminea).
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Xylazine | 1992 |
Ketamine, Telazol, xylazine and detomidine. A comparative anesthetic drug combinations study in ponies.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Drug Combinations; Horses; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1992 |
Xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride immobilization of free-living red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Spain.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Female; Foxes; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Pregnancy; Spain; Xylazine | 1992 |
Yohimbine reduces neuropathology induced by ketamine/xylazine anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Arousal; Birds; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Ketamine; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Vacuoles; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1992 |
Measurements of left and right ventricular pressures and their derivatives by transcutaneous puncture in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transducers, Pressure; Xylazine | 1992 |
Anesthetic management of an incisional dehiscence in recovery following exploratory laparotomy in a horse.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Calculi; Carbon Dioxide; Colon; Colonic Diseases; Female; Guaifenesin; Horse Diseases; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketamine; Surgical Wound Dehiscence; Thiamylal; Xylazine | 1992 |
Anesthetic management of ostriches.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Birds; Blood Pressure; Diazepam; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Respiration; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1992 |
[Use of xylazine and ketamine in the induction of halothane anesthesia in dogs].
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Dogs; Halothane; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1992 |
Axonal degeneration and self-mutilation as a complication of the intramuscular use of ketamine and xylazine in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Nerve Degeneration; Rabbits; Self Mutilation; Xylazine | 1991 |
Immobilisation of southern elephant seals and leopard seals with cyclohexamine anaesthetics and xylazine.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Apnea; Immobilization; Ketamine; Pneumonia, Aspiration; Seals, Earless; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1991 |
Effects of pentobarbital and ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia on somatosensory, brainstem auditory and peripheral sensory-motor responses in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrocardiography; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Ketamine; Male; Peripheral Nerves; Phenobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Xylazine | 1991 |
An improved procedure for intramagnal insemination of the chicken.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Chickens; Female; Insemination, Artificial; Ketamine; Laparotomy; Oviposition; Xylazine | 1991 |
Immobilization of the free-ranging Hokkaido brown bear, Ursus arctos yesoensis with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Body Temperature; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Japan; Ketamine; Male; Premedication; Sex Characteristics; Ursidae; Xylazine | 1991 |
In vivo myometrial activity in the rat during the oestrous cycle: studies with a novel technique of video laparoscopy.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Electrodes; Electromyography; Estrus; Female; Ketamine; Laparoscopy; Myometrium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Uterine Contraction; Videotape Recording; Xylazine | 1991 |
Long term anesthesia using a continuous infusion of guaifenesin, ketamine and xylazine in cats.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Cats; Drug Combinations; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Guaifenesin; Ketamine; Preanesthetic Medication; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1991 |
Comparison of xylazine with tiletamine-zolazepam (Telazol) and xylazine-ketamine anesthesia in rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Female; Ketamine; Male; Rabbits; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1991 |
Comparison of several combinations for anesthesia in rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Chloral Hydrate; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ketamine; Male; Pentobarbital; Rabbits; Respiration; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1991 |
Prolongation of xylazine/ketamine induced recumbency time with temazepam in horses.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Drug Interactions; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketamine; Male; Oxygen; Respiration; Temazepam; Xylazine | 1991 |
Effects of thiopentone, propofol, alphaxalone-alphadolone, ketamine and xylazine-ketamine on lower oesophageal sphincter pressure and barrier pressure in cats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Cats; Esophagogastric Junction; Female; Ketamine; Male; Pregnanediones; Pressure; Propofol; Random Allocation; Stomach; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1991 |
[Effect of ketamine and its combinations with xylazine and climazolam on the circulation and respiration in swine].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Drug Interactions; Hemodynamics; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Midazolam; Respiration; Swine; Xylazine | 1991 |
[Anesthesia by injection of xylazine, ketamine and the benzodiazepine derivative climazolam and the use of the benzodiazepine antagonist Ro 15-3505].
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Female; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Xylazine | 1990 |
Xylazine/ketamine combination in dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Dogs; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1991 |
An evaluation of medetomidine/ketamine and other drug combinations for anaesthesia in cats.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Animals; Cats; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Muscle Relaxation; Respiration; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1991 |
Antagonism of ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in rats by administration of yohimbine, tolazoline, or 4-aminopyridine.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthesia; Animals; Body Temperature; Female; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Respiration; Tolazoline; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1991 |
Immobilization of fishers (Martes pennanti) with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Carnivora; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1991 |
Increased glucose content in the aqueous humour caused by the use of xylazine.
Topics: Animals; Aqueous Humor; Cats; Glucose; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1990 |
Tissue response to intramuscular and intraperitoneal injections of ketamine and xylazine in rats.
Topics: Animals; Drug Combinations; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Necrosis; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1990 |
Effects of yohimbine on bradycardia and duration of recumbency in ketamine/xylazine anesthetized ferrets.
Topics: Animals; Carnivora; Female; Ferrets; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Posture; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1990 |
An evaluation of three intravenous anesthetic regimens in New Zealand rabbits.
Topics: Alfentanil; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous; Blood Pressure; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Rabbits; Respiration; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1990 |
A comparison of ketamine/xylazine and ketamine/xylazine/acepromazine anesthesia in the rabbit.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure Determination; Double-Blind Method; Drug Interactions; Ketamine; Rabbits; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1990 |
Effects of sedation on intradermal skin testing in flea-allergic dogs.
Topics: Acepromazine; Animals; Diazepam; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Histamine; Hypersensitivity; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intradermal Tests; Ketamine; Oxymorphone; Siphonaptera; Xylazine | 1990 |
[Anesthesia of wild animals using hypodermic devices].
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Animals, Wild; Drug Combinations; Injections; Ketamine; Needles; Syringes; Xylazine | 1990 |
[Particularities of the anesthesia of domestic carnivora].
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Barbiturates; Carnivora; Cats; Dogs; Halothane; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Preanesthetic Medication; Tranquilizing Agents; Xylazine | 1990 |
The effect of various anaesthetics on the spatial tuning of two major wave peaks in the transient pattern electroretinogram of the cat: evidence for pattern and luminance components.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Cats; Electroretinography; Ketamine; Light; Paralysis; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Sensory Thresholds; Urethane; Xylazine | 1990 |
Influence of xenobiotics on bile flow and bile composition in rats--methodological approach.
Topics: Aging; Anesthesia; Animals; Bile; Body Water; Cholesterol; Female; Ketamine; Methods; Nephrectomy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xenobiotics; Xylazine | 1990 |
The reversal of xylazine/ketamine immobilisation of fallow deer with yohimbine.
Topics: Animals; Deer; Drug Interactions; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1990 |
Prolongation of anesthesia with xylazine, ketamine, and guaifenesin in horses: 64 cases (1986-1989).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Butorphanol; Female; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Preanesthetic Medication; Respiration; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1990 |
A comparative study of medetomidine/ketamine and xylazine/ketamine anaesthesia in dogs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia; Animals; Body Temperature; Dogs; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Intubation, Intratracheal; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Muscle Relaxation; Respiration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1990 |
Effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on xylazine-ketamine anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Glucose; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1990 |
Relative effects of xylazine-atropine, xylazine-atropine-ketamine, and xylazine-atropine-pentobarbital combinations and time-course effects of the latter two combinations on brain stem auditory-evoked potentials in dogs.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Atropine; Brain Stem; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Female; Ketamine; Kinetics; Pentobarbital; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1990 |
Chemical immobilization of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes).
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Drug Interactions; Female; Foxes; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Promazine; Tiletamine; Tranquilizing Agents; Xylazine; Yohimbine; Zolazepam | 1990 |
Pulmonary shunting by the bronchial artery in the anaesthetized horse.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Bronchial Arteries; Halothane; Horses; Ketamine; Perfusion; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Circulation; Supination; Xylazine | 1990 |
Effect of anesthesia on acoustically evoked middle latency response in guinea pigs.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Anesthesia; Animals; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Guinea Pigs; Ketamine; Reaction Time; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1990 |
Hematology in sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis Heude, 1884).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Animals, Wild; Deer; Erythrocyte Count; Female; Hematologic Tests; Ketamine; Leukocyte Count; Male; Sex Characteristics; Xylazine | 1990 |
A fatal response to xylazine and ketamine in a group of rabbits.
Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous; Blood Pressure; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Rabbits; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1990 |
Effects of chloramphenicol, cimetidine and phenobarbital on and tolerance to xylazine-ketamine anesthesia in dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chloramphenicol; Cimetidine; Consciousness; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Drug Tolerance; Ketamine; Male; Phenobarbital; Reflex; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1990 |
[Intramuscularly administered non-opiate anesthesia in dogs. A report on the use of ketamine/xylazine, tiletamine/zolazepam, ketamine/midazolam and metomidine].
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Dogs; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Imidazoles; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1990 |
Anesthesia effects: auditory brain-stem response.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Brain Stem; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Gerbillinae; Ketamine; Reaction Time; Wakefulness; Xylazine | 1989 |
Esthesiometric evaluations of corneal anesthesia and prolonged analgesia in rabbits.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthetics, Local; Animal Welfare; Animals; Buprenorphine; Cornea; Ketamine; Meperidine; Rabbits; Xylazine | 1989 |
Anesthesia effects on the electrically evoked middle latency response in guinea pigs.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Cochlear Implants; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Guinea Pigs; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1989 |
The effects of prolonged ketamine-xylazine intravenous infusion on arterial blood pH, blood gases, mean arterial blood pressure, heart and respiratory rates, rectal temperature and reflexes in the rabbit.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Female; Heart Rate; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketamine; Rabbits; Reflex; Respiration; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1989 |
Clinical effects of azaperone-metomidate, as compared to propionylpromazine-xylazine-metomidate or xylazine-ketamine combinations in anaesthesia of dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Azaperone; Butyrophenones; Dogs; Female; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Male; Promazine; Tranquilizing Agents; Xylazine | 1989 |
[The antagonism of ketamine/xylazine anesthesia ("Hellabrunn mixture") in wild zoo ruminants].
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Anesthesia; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Ketamine; Ruminants; Thiazines; Tolazoline; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1989 |
Medetomidine/ketamine anaesthesia in cats.
Topics: Acepromazine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Cats; Female; Hemodynamics; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Ovariectomy; Random Allocation; Respiration; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1989 |
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca with associated secondary uveitis elicited in rats after systemic xylazine/ketamine anesthesia.
Topics: Animals; Female; Keratoconjunctivitis; Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Thiazines; Uveitis, Anterior; Xylazine | 1989 |
The cardiorespiratory effects of diazepam-ketamine and xylazine-ketamine anesthetic combinations in sheep.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Lung; Respiration; Sheep; Xylazine | 1989 |
[Anesthesia of horses with xylazine and ketamine. 1. Anesthesia of foals].
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Female; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Preanesthetic Medication; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1989 |
Effects of some hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers and inhibitors on xylazine-ketamine anesthesia.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Induction; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ketamine; Lung; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Phenobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1989 |
Yohimbine reversal of ketamine-xylazine immobilization of raccoons (Procyon lotor).
Topics: Animals; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Raccoons; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1989 |
Effects of ketamine, xylazine, and a combination of ketamine and xylazine in Pekin ducks.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Ducks; Electrocardiography; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1989 |
Anesthetic effects on liver and muscle glycogen concentrations: rest and postexercise.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Body Weight; Ether; Ethyl Ethers; Female; Glycogen; Halothane; Ketamine; Liver Glycogen; Muscles; Oxygen Consumption; Physical Exertion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1989 |
Reversal by tolazoline hydrochloride of xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride immobilizations in free-ranging desert mule deer.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Deer; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Handling, Psychological; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Time Factors; Tolazoline; Xylazine | 1989 |
Coordinated activity of neuron pairs in anesthetized rat dorsal cochlear nucleus.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Action Potentials; Anesthesia; Animals; Cochlear Nerve; Female; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rhombencephalon; Xylazine | 1989 |
Effects of physiological state on duration of sedation in southern elephant seals.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia; Animals; Body Weight; Caniformia; Female; Ketamine; Lactation; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Seals, Earless; Thiazines; Weaning; Xylazine | 1989 |
Comparison of the antagonistic effects of yohimbine and 4-aminopyridine in dogs under xylazine-ketamine anesthesia.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Agents; Dogs; Drug Antagonism; Drug Interactions; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1987 |
The effects of pentobarbital, fentanyl-droperidol, ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam on arterial blood pH, blood gases, mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate in adult male rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Diazepam; Droperidol; Drug Combinations; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketamine; Male; Neuroleptanalgesia; Oxygen; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Respiration; Xylazine | 1987 |
Serum concentrations of reproductive hormones after administration of various anesthetics to immature and young adult male rats.
Topics: Androstenedione; Anesthetics; Animals; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Halothane; Ketamine; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Orchiectomy; Pentobarbital; Prolactin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Testosterone; Thiamylal; Xylazine | 1988 |
Electrocardiograms of American river otters (Lutra canadensis) during immobilization.
Topics: Acepromazine; Animals; Cardiomegaly; Carnivora; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Otters; Xylazine | 1985 |
An evaluation of three anaesthetic regimes in the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Halothane; Hypothermia; Ketamine; Opossums; Pentobarbital; Xylazine | 1988 |
Effects of various sedatives on air cystometry in dogs.
Topics: Acepromazine; Animals; Atropine; Diazepam; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Oxymorphone; Reflex; Urinary Bladder; Xylazine | 1988 |
The effects of different anesthetics on blood steroid concentrations in domestic tom-cats.
Topics: Androstenedione; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Cats; Ketamine; Male; Pregnanediones; Testosterone; Thiopental; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1988 |
Ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia in the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cricetinae; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1988 |
Evaluation of a combination of xylazine, ketamine, and halothane for anesthesia in llamas.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Cardiovascular System; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Halothane; Ketamine; Respiratory System; Ruminants; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1988 |
Electrocardiographic values from clinically normal, anesthetized ferrets (Mustela putorius furo).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Electrocardiography; Ferrets; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1988 |
[Biotelemetrically established daily profile of the core body temperature of the female fallow deer (Dama dama L.) following immobilization with the Hellabrunner mixture in various environmental temperatures].
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Circadian Rhythm; Deer; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Telemetry; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1988 |
A comparison of two anesthetic techniques for the study of rat skeletal muscle high-energy phosphates in vivo using 31P-NMR.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Weight; Circadian Rhythm; Eating; Energy Metabolism; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Muscles; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Xylazine | 1988 |
The use of two mixtures of ketamine and xylazine to immobilise free ranging Bennetts wallabies.
Topics: Animals; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Macropodidae; Male; Marsupialia; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1988 |
Anesthetic-induced corneal lesions in developmentally sensitive rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcinosis; Cornea; Corneal Diseases; Drug Combinations; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1988 |
Xylazine and ketamine-induced glycosuria in white-tailed deer.
Topics: Animals; Deer; Female; Glycosuria; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1988 |
Ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in red-tailed hawks with antagonism by yohimbine.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Birds; Body Temperature; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1988 |
Depression of lymphocyte traffic in sheep by anaesthesia and associated changes in efferent-lymph PGE2 and antibody levels.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Dinoprostone; Immunization; Ketamine; Leukocyte Count; Lymph; Lymphocytes; Prostaglandins E; Salmonella; Sheep; Xylazine | 1988 |
A comparison of pentobarbital, fentanyl-droperidol, ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam anesthesia in adult male rats.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Diazepam; Droperidol; Drug Combinations; Fentanyl; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xylazine | 1987 |
The effects of pentobarbital, fentanyl-droperidol, ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam on noxious stimulus perception in adult male rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Diazepam; Droperidol; Drug Combinations; Fentanyl; Ketamine; Male; Neuroleptanalgesia; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pentobarbital; Perception; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xylazine | 1987 |
The effects of pentobarbital, fentanyl-droperidol, ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam on core and surface body temperature regulation in adult male rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Body Temperature Regulation; Diazepam; Droperidol; Drug Combinations; Fentanyl; Ketamine; Male; Neuroleptanalgesia; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1987 |
An anesthetic technique for repeated collection of blood from New Zealand white rabbits.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Specimen Collection; Ketamine; Male; Premedication; Rabbits; Xylazine | 1987 |
Alterations of glucose levels in the blood and the anterior eye segment of rabbits exposed to ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Anterior Eye Segment; Aqueous Humor; Blood Glucose; Cornea; Glucose; Ketamine; Rabbits; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1987 |
Immobilization of coyotes with xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride and antagonism by yohimbine hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Carnivora; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1986 |
Effect of tolazoline on xylazine-ketamine-induced anesthesia in turkey vultures.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Birds; Ketamine; Thiazines; Time Factors; Tolazoline; Xylazine | 1986 |
Anesthesia in the Richardson's ground squirrel: comparison of ketamine, ketamine and xylazine, droperidol and fentanyl, and sodium pentobarbital.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Droperidol; Drug Combinations; Female; Fentanyl; Ketamine; Pentobarbital; Sciuridae; Xylazine | 1986 |
Xylazine-ketamine-induced anesthesia in rats and its antagonism by yohimbine.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1986 |
Sloth bear immobilization with a ketamine-xylazine combination: reversal with yohimbine.
Topics: Animals; Carnivora; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Ursidae; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1986 |
Anaesthesia of guinea pigs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Guinea Pigs; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1987 |
Tolazoline as an antagonist in free-living lions immobilised with a ketamine-xylazine combination.
Topics: Animals; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Immobilization; Ketamine; Lions; Thiazines; Tolazoline; Xylazine | 1986 |
Yohimbine hydrochloride reversal of ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride immobilization of Bengal tigers and effects on hematology and serum chemistries.
Topics: Animals; Bilirubin; Blood Glucose; Carnivora; Chlorides; Female; Hematocrit; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Potassium; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1987 |
Antagonism of xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride immobilization in guineafowl (Numida meleagris) by yohimbine hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Birds; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1987 |
Muscle necrosis in Syrian hamsters resulting from intramuscular injections of ketamine and xylazine.
Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Drug Combinations; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Mesocricetus; Muscles; Necrosis; Thiazines; Ulcer; Xylazine | 1987 |
Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered ketamine in the horse.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Halothane; Horses; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Kinetics; Male; Premedication; Xylazine | 1987 |
A clinical trial of three anaesthetic regimens for the castration of ponies.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Castration; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Methohexital; Preanesthetic Medication; Random Allocation; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1987 |
Anaesthetic regimens for the castration of ponies.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Castration; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 1987 |
Xylazine and ketamine anaesthesia in the dromedary camel under field conditions.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Body Temperature; Camelus; Female; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1987 |
Cardiovascular and behavioral responses of gray wolves to ketamine-xylazine immobilization and antagonism by yohimbine.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blood Pressure; Carnivora; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1987 |
Anaesthesia of guinea pigs.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1987 |
Electroretinography in Labrador retrievers given ketamine-xylazine anesthesia.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Electroretinography; Female; Ketamine; Male; Photic Stimulation; Retina; Retinal Diseases; Xylazine | 1987 |
Reversal of ketamine/xylazine anesthesia in the rabbit with yohimbine.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Rabbits; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1987 |
Prolonged and multiple immobilizations of the southern elephant seal using ketamine hydrochloride-xylazine hydrochloride or ketamine hydrochloride-diazepam combinations.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Body Weight; Caniformia; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Seals, Earless; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1987 |
Pharmacologic considerations in selection of tranquilizers, sedatives, and muscle relaxant drugs used in inducing animal restraint.
Topics: Animals; Immobilization; Ketamine; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Thiazines; Tranquilizing Agents; Xylazine | 1987 |
Effects on fawn survival of multiple immobilizations of captive pregnant white-tailed deer.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Deer; Female; Fertility; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Tolazoline; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1986 |
Xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride immobilization of wolves and its antagonism by tolazoline hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Carnivora; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Tolazoline; Xylazine | 1986 |
Immobilization of white-tailed deer with xylazine hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride and antagonism by tolazoline hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Body Weight; Deer; Drug Combinations; Female; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Tolazoline; Xylazine | 1986 |
An anaesthetic combination of ketamine, xylazine and alphaxalone-alphadolone in ostriches (Struthio camelus).
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Birds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ketamine; Pregnanediones; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1986 |
Evaluation of a xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride combination in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Cats; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Female; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Male; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Respiratory System; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1986 |
Acute reversible cataract induced by xylazine and by ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in rats and mice.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Topical; Anesthesia; Animals; Cataract; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1986 |
Ketamine and xylazine anesthesia of the deer mouse.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Female; Ketamine; Male; Peromyscus; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1986 |
Cardiopulmonary responses of swine to intravenous infusion of guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cardiac Output; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Swine; Thiazines; Vascular Resistance; Xylazine | 1986 |
Cardiac arrest during anaesthesia in two horses.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Electrocardiography; Heart Arrest; Heart Block; Heart Rate; Horse Diseases; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 1986 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of continuous intravenous infusion of guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine in ponies.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoventilation; Ketamine; Thiazines; Vascular Resistance; Xylazine | 1986 |
Evaluation of xylazine-ketamine anaesthesia in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Buffaloes; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1985 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of an intravenous infusion of guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine in dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Glycopyrrolate; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Infusions, Parenteral; Ketamine; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Thiazines; Vascular Resistance; Xylazine | 1985 |
Effects of xylazine and ketamine on the acoustic reflex and brain stem auditory-evoked response in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Cats; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Female; Ketamine; Male; Reflex, Acoustic; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1986 |
Immobilizing wild mountain lions (Felis concolor) with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Body Weight; Carnivora; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1986 |
Xylazine and xylazine-ketamine in dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Dogs; Drug Interactions; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Kinetics; Lung; Respiration; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1986 |
Use of tolazoline as an antagonist to xylazine-ketamine-induced immobilization in African elephants.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Elephants; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Tolazoline; Xylazine | 1986 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of a xylazine and ketamine combination in pigs.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Male; Pulmonary Artery; Swine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1985 |
Use of carfentanil and a ketamine-xylazine mixture to immobilise wild grey seals (Halichoerus grypus).
Topics: Animals; Caniformia; Drug Combinations; Female; Fentanyl; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Naloxone; Seals, Earless; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1985 |
[Practical advice concerning the immobilization of wild and zoo animals].
Topics: Acepromazine; Animal Population Groups; Animals; Animals, Wild; Animals, Zoo; Central Nervous System Depressants; Drug Combinations; Etorphine; Fentanyl; Immobilization; Ketamine; Species Specificity; Tranquilizing Agents; Xylazine | 1985 |
Evaluation of ketamine, ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam anesthesia in the ferret.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Carnivora; Diazepam; Electrocardiography; Ferrets; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Rigidity; Reflex; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1985 |
Adrenalectomy in the ferret.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Carnivora; Female; Ferrets; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 1985 |
Reversal of the effects of xylazine and xylazine/ketamine in red deer.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Deer; Female; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1985 |
Effect of xylazine and ketamine on intraocular pressure in horses.
Topics: Animals; Horses; Intraocular Pressure; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1985 |
Effects of yohimbine on combined xylazine-ketamine-induced sedation and immobilization in juvenile African elephants.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Elephants; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1985 |
Use of yohimbine hydrochloride to reverse immobilization of polar bears by ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Ursidae; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1985 |
Immobilization of free-ranging African lions (Panthera leo) with a combination of xylazine hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Lions; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1985 |
Yohimbine hydrochloride as an antagonist to xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride immobilization of white-tailed deer.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Body Temperature; Deer; Drug Combinations; Immobilization; Ketamine; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1985 |
Comparison of five preanesthetic medicaments in thiopental-anesthetized cats: antagonism by selected compounds.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acepromazine; Aminopyridines; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Arousal; Benzodiazepinones; Cats; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug Antagonism; Female; Flumazenil; Ketamine; Male; Meperidine; Naloxone; Pentobarbital; Preanesthetic Medication; Sodium Chloride; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1984 |
Xylazine-ketamine-oxymorphone: an injectable anesthetic combination in swine.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Hydromorphone; Ketamine; Oxymorphone; Respiration; Swine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1984 |
Anesthesia-associated depression in lymphocyte traffic and its modulation.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Barbiturates; Bradykinin; Cyclic GMP; Depression, Chemical; Drainage; Halothane; Inflammation; Ketamine; Leukocyte Count; Lymph; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic System; Lymphocytes; Physical Stimulation; Sheep; Xylazine | 1984 |
[Experiences with the neuroleptanalgesia (Rompun/Ketanest) for the implantation of air sac parasites in sea-gulls].
Topics: Air Sacs; Animals; Arthropods; Birds; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Neuroleptanalgesia; Species Specificity; Xylazine | 1983 |
Hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia during xylazine-ketamine anesthesia in Thoroughbred horses.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Glucose; Catecholamines; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Ketamine; Male; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1984 |
Medical and surgical management of a fractured tusk in an African elephant.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Butorphanol; Corynebacterium Infections; Corynebacterium pyogenes; Elephants; Etorphine; Ketamine; Male; Pulpotomy; Tooth Fractures; Wound Infection; Xylazine | 1984 |
Effect of a combination of ketamine and xylazine on respiratory gas tensions and acid-base status in calves.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Anesthesia; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Cattle; Drug Combinations; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketamine; Oxygen; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1983 |
Effects of anesthetics and foster mother experience on survival rate of cesarean derived, foster suckled rat pups.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Animals, Suckling; Carbon Dioxide; Cesarean Section; Euthanasia; Female; Ketamine; Pregnancy; Rats; Xylazine | 1984 |
Comparative studies of the use of some injectable anaesthetic agents in birds.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Birds; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Pregnanediones; Xylazine | 1984 |
A comparative study with various anesthetics in mice (pentobarbitone, ketamine-xylazine, carfentanyl-etomidate).
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Cardiovascular System; Etomidate; Fentanyl; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Pentobarbital; Respiration; Xylazine | 1984 |
Avian anaesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Birds; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1984 |
Avian anaesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Birds; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1984 |
Effect of yohimbine on xylazine-ketamine anesthesia in cats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Bradycardia; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Heart Block; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1984 |
Removal of growth from lioness's lip.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Carnivora; Female; Ketamine; Lions; Xylazine | 1984 |
The influence of physical and chemical restraint on the physiology of the chacma baboon (Papio ursinus).
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Female; Halothane; Heart Rate; Hematocrit; Ketamine; Male; Papio; Potassium; Reflex; Respiration; Restraint, Physical; Sodium; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1984 |
Fluorescein angiography of the canine ocular fundus in ketamine-xylazine anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Dogs; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Fundus Oculi; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 1984 |
Hemodynamics in the guinea pig after anesthetization with ketamine/xylazine.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Guinea Pigs; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1984 |
Fasciola hepatica: the flukicidal effect of some anaesthetics and analgesics in common use.
Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Anthelmintics; Fasciola hepatica; Fascioliasis; Halothane; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1983 |
Hematologic and serum chemical effects of a ketamine/xylazine combination when used for immobilizing springbok.
Topics: Animals; Artiodactyla; Blood Cell Count; Blood Glucose; Drug Combinations; Female; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Potassium; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1983 |
Immobilization of mule deer with ketamine and xylazine, and reversal of immobilization with yohimbine.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Animals, Zoo; Deer; Immobilization; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1983 |
Cyclonite poisoning in a dog.
Topics: Acepromazine; Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ketamine; Male; Pentobarbital; Rodenticides; Seizures; Triazines; Xylazine | 1983 |
Influence of premedication with xylazine on the distribution and metabolism of intramuscularly administered ketamine in cats.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Kinetics; Male; Preanesthetic Medication; Thiazines; Tissue Distribution; Xylazine | 1983 |
Ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride anaesthesia in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus).
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Cricetinae; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ketamine; Male; Mesocricetus; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1983 |
Duration of analgesia in sheep under xylazine/ketamine anaesthesia.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia; Animals; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Sheep; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1984 |
Antagonism of xylazine and ketamine anesthesia by 4-aminopyridine and yohimbine in geldings.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Body Temperature; Cats; Heart Rate; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1984 |
A field trial of ketamine anaesthesia in the horse.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Female; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Methadone; Muscle Relaxation; Perissodactyla; Preanesthetic Medication; Pulse; Xylazine | 1984 |
Anesthesia associated depression in lymphocyte traffic: less with regional anesthesia than with general anesthesia in sheep.
Topics: Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Barbiturates; Cell Movement; Halothane; Ketamine; Lymph; Lymphocytes; Sheep; Xylazine | 1984 |
The pharmacokinetics of ketamine administered intravenously in calves and the modifying effect of premedication with xylazine hydrochloride.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Cattle; Female; Half-Life; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Kinetics; Male; Preanesthetic Medication; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1984 |
Effects of ketamine HCl-xylazine HCl combination on cardiovascular and pulmonary values of the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta).
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiovascular System; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Male; Oxygen; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1980 |
Effects of ketamine-xylazine anesthesia on blood levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone in rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Castration; Copulation; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Ketamine; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovulation; Rabbits; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1982 |
Practical equine injectable anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Diazepam; Guaifenesin; Horses; Injections; Ketamine; Thiobarbiturates; Xylazine | 1983 |
Immobilization of wolves using ketamine in combination with xylazine or promazine.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Minnesota; Promazine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1983 |
Ketamine xylazine combination for the immobilisation of Galapagos sea lions and fur seals.
Topics: Animals; Caniformia; Drug Combinations; Female; Fur Seals; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Sea Lions; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1983 |
Field anaesthesia in the horse.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Chloral Hydrate; Chloroform; Drug Combinations; Etorphine; Guaifenesin; Horses; Ketamine; Methohexital; Methotrimeprazine; Premedication; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1983 |
Use of ketamine-diazepam and ketamine-xylazine combinations in guinea pigs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Female; Guinea Pigs; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1980 |
A comparison of four short-acting anesthetic combinations for swine.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Animals; Drug Combinations; Female; Ketamine; Male; Swine; Thiamylal; Xylazine | 1981 |
Combination of ketamine and xylazine for effective anaesthesia of juvenile chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Drug Combinations; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Pan troglodytes; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1982 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of intravenous xylazine, ketamine, and atropine in the dog.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1982 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of intramuscular xylazine-ketamine in calves.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cattle; Drug Combinations; Female; Hemodynamics; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1982 |
Evaluation of ketamine/xylazine anesthesia in the guinea pig: toxicological parameters.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Creatinine; Guinea Pigs; Ketamine; Lethal Dose 50; Thiazines; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1982 |
Intravenous glucose tolerance test in cats: influenced by acetylpromazine, ketamine, morphine, thiopental, and xylazine.
Topics: Acepromazine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cats; Central Nervous System Depressants; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Morphine; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1982 |
Respiratory depression produced by diazepam in cats: effect of anaesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cats; Depression, Chemical; Diazepam; Female; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Xylazine | 1980 |
Intravenous anaesthesia in horses after xylazine premedication.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Central Venous Pressure; Heart Rate; Horses; Ketamine; Methohexital; Preanesthetic Medication; Respiration; Thiazines; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1980 |
Evaluation of the anaesthetic properties of ketamine and a ketamine/xylazine/atropine combination in sheep.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Body Temperature; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Sheep; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1981 |
Ketamine alone and combined with diazepam or xylazine in laboratory animals: a 10 year experience.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Birds; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Ketamine; Mammals; Reptiles; Species Specificity; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1981 |
Immobilization of polar bears (Ursus maritimus, Phipps) with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Carnivora; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Ursidae; Xylazine | 1981 |
Effects of xylazine and ketamine hydrochloride on the electroencephalogram and the electrocardiogram in the horse.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Electrocardiography; Electroencephalography; Female; Heart; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1981 |
Preliminary observations on the use of a combination of xylazine and ketamine hydrochloride in calves.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cattle; Female; Halothane; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1981 |
Effect of xylazine and ketamine on blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate in rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Aorta; Blood Pressure; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Rabbits; Respiration; Thiazines; Xylazine | 1980 |
Chemical restraint in the horse.
Topics: Acepromazine; Animals; Azaperone; Chloral Hydrate; Guaifenesin; Horses; Immobilization; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1980 |
Immobilization of ocelots and bobcats with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Body Temperature; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Female; Handling, Psychological; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Seasons; Xylazine | 1995 |
Comparison of tribromoethanol, ketamine/acetylpromazine, Telazol/xylazine, pentobarbital, and methoxyflurane anesthesia in HSD:ICR mice.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Body Temperature; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Ketamine; Male; Methoxyflurane; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pentobarbital; Telemetry; Xylazine | 1995 |
Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina).
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics; Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Cyclohexanes; Diazepam; Doxapram; Drug Combinations; Female; Hemodynamics; Immobilization; Ketamine; Motor Activity; Seals, Earless; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Yohimbine; Zolazepam | 1995 |
Different pressor and bronchoconstrictor properties of human big-endothelin-1, 2 (1-38) and 3 in ketamine/xylazine-anaesthetized guinea-pigs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; Blood Pressure; Bronchoconstriction; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelin-1; Endothelin-Converting Enzymes; Endothelins; Epoprostenol; Female; Glycopeptides; Guinea Pigs; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Ketamine; Lung; Male; Metalloendopeptidases; Muscle, Smooth; Protease Inhibitors; Protein Precursors; Thromboxane A2; Urethane; Xylazine | 1995 |
Immobilization of coypus (Myocastor coypus) with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Rodentia; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1994 |
Hematologic and serum chemistry reference values for adult brown mink.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Specimen Collection; Female; Hematologic Tests; Ketamine; Male; Mink; Reference Values; Xylazine | 1994 |
Estimation of rat body composition by means of electromagnetic scanning is altered by duration of anesthesia.
Topics: Animals; Body Composition; Body Temperature; Calibration; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electromagnetic Phenomena; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Lipids; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred WF; Respiration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1995 |
[Dehorning of goats and kids].
Topics: Anesthesia, Local; Animals; Atropine; Drug Combinations; Goats; Horns; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1995 |
Emesis induced in domestic pigs: a new experimental tool for detection of antiemetic drugs and for evaluation of emetogenic potential of new anticancer agents.
Topics: Animals; Antiemetics; Antineoplastic Agents; Carboplatin; Cisplatin; Cyclophosphamide; Dactinomycin; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation; Female; Ifosfamide; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Metoclopramide; Serotonin Antagonists; Swine; Vomiting; Xylazine | 1994 |
Respiratory and hemodynamic functions, blood-gas parameters, and acid-base balance of ketamine-xylazine anesthetized guinea pigs.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Anesthesia; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Guinea Pigs; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Lung; Male; Oxygen; Respiration; Xylazine | 1994 |
Clinical and haematological changes in gazelles during xylazine/ketamine anaesthesia and following reversal with RX-821002A.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Animals; Antelopes; Blood Cell Count; Dioxanes; Hemodynamics; Idazoxan; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 1994 |
Ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia permits a KATP channel antagonist to attenuate preconditioning in rabbit myocardium.
Topics: Animals; Glyburide; Guanidines; Ketamine; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Pinacidil; Potassium Channels; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Rabbits; Theophylline; Vasodilator Agents; Xylazine | 1994 |
Efficacy of the intranasal route for administration of anesthetic agents to adult rabbits.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Droperidol; Drug Combinations; Female; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Oxygen; Rabbits; Respiration; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1994 |
A technique for catheterization of the urinary bladder in the ferret.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Female; Ferrets; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Urinary Catheterization; Xylazine | 1994 |
Effect of xylazine and ketamine on the pharmacokinetics of alfentanil during halothane anaesthesia.
Topics: Alfentanil; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Halothane; Horses; Ketamine; Models, Biological; Xylazine | 1994 |
Postpartum immobilization of adult female moose using xylazine, ketamine and yohimbine hydrochlorides.
Topics: Animals; Deer; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Postpartum Period; Regression Analysis; Time Factors; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1994 |
Immobilization of the endangered Iberian lynx with xylazine- and ketamine-hydrochloride.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Body Temperature; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Regression Analysis; Respiration; Seizures; Spain; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1994 |
[Anesthesia in poultry].
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Chickens; Coturnix; Ketamine; Xylazine | 1994 |
Cardiovascular effects of intermittent positive pressure ventilation in the anesthetized horse.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Diastole; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation; Ketamine; Midazolam; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Respiration; Stroke Volume; Systole; Tidal Volume; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1994 |
Anesthesia-induced modulation of in vivo antibody levels: a study of pentobarbital, chloral hydrate, methoxyflurane, halothane, and ketamine/xylazine.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Antibody Formation; Chloral Hydrate; Halothane; Ketamine; Laparotomy; Male; Methoxyflurane; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 1993 |
[Clinical experience and comparison of ketamine-medetomidine with ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) in captivity].
Topics: Africa; Anesthetics; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Carnivora; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Xylazine | 1993 |
New skeletal muscle model for the longitudinal study of alterations in microcirculation following contusion and cryotherapy.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Contusions; Cryotherapy; Ketamine; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Microcirculation; Models, Cardiovascular; Muscles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 1993 |
Urticarial response during anesthesia in a horse.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Guaifenesin; Horse Diseases; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Preanesthetic Medication; Urticaria; Xylazine | 1993 |
Comparison of Telazol, Telazol-ketamine, Telazol-xylazine, and Telazol-ketamine-xylazine as chemical restraint and anesthetic induction combination in swine.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Drug Combinations; Female; Ketamine; Male; Swine; Tiletamine; Time Factors; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1993 |
Effects of anesthesia induced and maintained by continuous intravenous administration of guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine in spontaneously breathing sheep.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Guaifenesin; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Oxygen; Respiration; Sheep; Xylazine | 1993 |
A case report on the use of guaifenesin-ketamine-xylazine anesthesia for equine dystocia.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Animals; Dystocia; Extraction, Obstetrical; Female; Guaifenesin; Horse Diseases; Horses; Ketamine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Xylazine | 1994 |
A novel slow (< 1 Hz) oscillation of neocortical neurons in vivo: depolarizing and hyperpolarizing components.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Dendrites; Electrophysiology; Humans; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Motor Cortex; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Nitrous Oxide; Periodicity; Sleep; Thalamus; Visual Cortex; Xylazine | 1993 |
Low- and high-frequency membrane potential oscillations during theta activity in CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons of the rat hippocampus under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Brain Mapping; Chlorides; Electroencephalography; Female; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Ketamine; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptic Transmission; Theta Rhythm; Xylazine | 1993 |
Responses of laboratory animals to some injectable anaesthetics.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Methohexital; Pregnanediones; Xylazine | 1993 |
Immobilization of common genets, Genetta genetta, with a combination of ketamine and xylazine.
Topics: Animals; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 1993 |
Effects of melatonin and haloperidol given via vortex vein on the intraocular pressure.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Ciliary Body; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Haloperidol; Injections, Intravenous; Intraocular Pressure; Iris; Ketamine; Melatonin; Rabbits; Retina; Sclera; Veins; Xylazine | 1993 |
Referential derivation of epidural electroencephalogram in El mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Dura Mater; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Female; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Reproducibility of Results; Xylazine | 1993 |
Evaluation of ketamine-xylazine in Syrian hamsters.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cricetinae; Drug Combinations; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Mesocricetus; Muscle Relaxation; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Xylazine | 1993 |
Clinical evaluation of an infusion of xylazine, guaifenesin and ketamine for maintenance of anaesthesia in horses.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Drug Combinations; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Horses; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Oxygen; Urination; Xylazine | 1993 |
Effects of hepatic P-450 enzyme inhibitors and inducers on the duration of xylazine + ketamine anesthesia in broiler chickens and mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Chickens; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Induction; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Microsomes, Liver; Xylazine | 1993 |
Investigating the role of anaesthetics on the rostral ventromedial medulla: implications for a GABAergic link between ON and OFF cells.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ketamine; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microelectrodes; Morphine; Neurons; Phenobarbital; Rats; Stereotaxic Techniques; Xylazine | 1993 |
Song-selective auditory input to a forebrain vocal control nucleus in the zebra finch.
Topics: Animals; Auditory Pathways; Birds; Feedback; Ketamine; Male; Prosencephalon; Reaction Time; Urethane; Vocalization, Animal; Xylazine | 1993 |
Pharmacokinetics of ketamine in mules and mammoth asses premedicated with xylazine.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Equidae; Half-Life; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1994 |
Pharmacological properties of endothelins and big endothelins in ketamine/xylazine or urethane anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; Blood Pressure; Endothelin-1; Endothelin-Converting Enzymes; Endothelins; Ketamine; Lung; Male; Metalloendopeptidases; Pressoreceptors; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Urethane; Xylazine | 1995 |
Differential effects of Ketaset/Rompun anesthesia on hypothermia-induced retrograde amnesia and its recovery.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Association Learning; Body Temperature Regulation; Conditioning, Classical; Fear; Hypothermia, Induced; Ketamine; Male; Mental Recall; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Species Specificity; Xylazine | 1995 |
Evaluation of five common induction protocols by comparison of hemodynamic responses to surgical manipulation in halothane-anesthetized horses.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Diazepam; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Guaifenesin; Halothane; Hemodynamics; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Preanesthetic Medication; Prospective Studies; Thiamylal; Xylazine | 1996 |
Chemical restraint by medetomidine-ketamine and its cardiopulmonary effects in pigs.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Drug Combinations; Heart; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Imidazoles; Immobilization; Ketamine; Lung; Male; Medetomidine; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Swine; Xylazine | 1995 |
Influence of anesthetics on the peripheral blood microfilaremia of Brugia malayi in the Mongolian jird, Meriones unguiculatus.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics; Animals; Brugia malayi; Disease Models, Animal; Elephantiasis, Filarial; Ether; Female; Gerbillinae; Ketamine; Microfilariae; Parasitemia; Pentobarbital; Xylazine | 1996 |
Immobilization of muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) with ketamine and xylazine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Arvicolinae; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1996 |
[Intravenous anesthesia in the horse: comparison of xylazine-ketamine and xylazine-tiletamine-zolazepam combinations].
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Oxygen; Respiration; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1995 |
Chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga Leonina); use of medetomidine, ketamine and atipamezole and comparison with other cyclohexamine-based combinations.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Imidazoles; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Seals, Earless; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1996 |
Antagonism of xylazine in white-tailed deer with intramuscular injection of yohimbine.
Topics: Animals; Deer; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Sympatholytics; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1996 |
The effects of verapamil and lidocaine on the duration of propofol and xylazine-ketamine anesthesia in broiler chickens.
Topics: Aging; Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chickens; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Propofol; Random Allocation; Sleep; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Time Factors; Verapamil; Xylazine | 1996 |
The importance of choice of anaesthetics in studying radiation effects in the 9L rat glioma.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Glucose; Glioma; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketamine; Male; Phosphates; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Xylazine | 1996 |
Synchronization of fast (30-40 Hz) spontaneous oscillations in intrathalamic and thalamocortical networks.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain; Cats; Electroencephalography; Ketamine; Motor Cortex; Sleep; Thalamus; Xylazine | 1996 |
Evaluation of anaesthetic regimens in guineapigs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Central Nervous System Agents; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Laboratory Animal Science; Male; Methoxyflurane; Pentobarbital; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1996 |
The suppression of formalin-induced fos expression by different anesthetic agents in the infant rat.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthetics; Animals; Brain; Genes, fos; Humans; Ketamine; Methoxyflurane; Neural Conduction; Random Allocation; Rats; Spinal Cord; Suppression, Genetic; Xylazine | 1996 |
Effects of two injectable anesthetic agents on coagulation assays in the rat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Coagulation; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Prothrombin Time; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thrombin Time; Urethane; Xylazine | 1996 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of desflurane in ponies, after induction of anaesthesia with xylazine and ketamine.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Desflurane; Hemodynamics; Horses; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Respiration; Xylazine | 1996 |
The influence of ionophores on the duration of xylazine-ketamine anestheisa and the hepatic cytochrome P-450 content of broiler chickens.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Chickens; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Ionophores; Ketamine; Lasalocid; Liver; Male; Monensin; Pyrans; Sleep; Xylazine | 1996 |
Physiologic effects of anesthesia induced and maintained by intravenous administration of a climazolam-ketamine combination in ponies premedicated with acepromazine and xylazine.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Rate; Hematocrit; Hemodynamics; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Premedication; Respiration; Vascular Resistance; Xylazine | 1996 |
Cardiopulmonary and gastrointestinal motility effects of xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia in horses previously treated with glycopyrrolate.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glycopyrrolate; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hemoglobins; Horses; Ketamine; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Partial Pressure; Premedication; Pulmonary Artery; Random Allocation; Respiration; Single-Blind Method; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1996 |
Average spectrum of cochlear activity: a possible synchronized firing, its olivo-cochlear feedback and alterations under anesthesia.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Action Potentials; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Auditory Threshold; Cochlea; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Neurons; Olivary Nucleus; Tinnitus; Vestibulocochlear Nerve; Xylazine | 1996 |
Hyperglycemia and the vascular effects of cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Temperature; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Hyperglycemia; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion; Xylazine | 1997 |
[Study of long-term anesthesia in rabbits].
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Etomidate; Fentanyl; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Male; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Rabbits; Respiration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1996 |
Field immobilization of muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) for minor surgical procedures.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Arvicolinae; Body Temperature; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic; Respiration; Sympatholytics; Time Factors; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 1997 |
Acute paraplegia in a thoroughbred racehorse after general anaesthesia.
Topics: Acute Disease; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Hemorrhage; Horse Diseases; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Paraplegia; Spinal Cord; Spinal Diseases; Syndrome; Xylazine | 1997 |
A retrospective survey of anaesthesia in horses with colic.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Colic; Drug Combinations; Female; Guaifenesin; Halothane; Horse Diseases; Horses; Hypertension; Hypotension; Injections, Intravenous; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Retrospective Studies; Tachycardia; Thiobarbiturates; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine | 1989 |
K(ATP) channels contribute to the cardioprotection of preconditioning independent of anaesthetics in rabbit hearts.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adenylyl Cyclases; Anesthetics; Animals; Cardiotonic Agents; Female; Hemodynamics; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; Isoproterenol; Ketamine; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Pentobarbital; Potassium Channels; Rabbits; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Sarcolemma; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Xylazine | 1997 |
Effects of sedation, anesthesia, and endotracheal intubation on respiratory mechanics in adult horses.
Topics: Airway Resistance; Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intubation, Intratracheal; Ketamine; Larynx; Nasopharynx; Respiratory Mechanics; Trachea; Xylazine | 1997 |
Renal excretory responses produced by central administration of opioid agonists in ketamine and xylazine-anesthetized rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Anesthetics; Animals; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Ketamine; Kidney; Male; Oligopeptides; Opioid Peptides; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Xylazine | 1997 |
Extralabel use of tranquilizers and general anesthetics.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Atropine; Barbiturates; Cattle; Consumer Product Safety; Databases, Factual; Drug Approval; Drug Labeling; Drug Residues; Female; Fishes; Goats; Guaifenesin; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Swine; Tiletamine; Time Factors; Tranquilizing Agents; United States; Xylazine; Yohimbine; Zolazepam | 1997 |
Effect of anesthesia on cerebral tissue oxygen and cardiopulmonary parameters in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Halothane; Heart Rate; Indoles; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Organometallic Compounds; Oximetry; Oxygen; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Respiratory System; Spin Labels; Xylazine | 1997 |
The K-complex: its slow (<1-Hz) rhythmicity and relation to delta waves.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cats; Delta Rhythm; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Humans; Ketamine; Periodicity; Reaction Time; Sleep; Xylazine | 1997 |
Prolonged (12 hours) intravenous anesthesia in the rat.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Glucose; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration; Urination; Xylazine | 1997 |
Pharmacological extension of the sensitive period for imprinting in Gallus domesticus.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Chickens; Darkness; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Imprinting, Psychological; Ketamine; Male; Motor Activity; Xylazine | 1997 |
Immobilization of wild collared anteaters with ketamine- and xylazine-hydrochloride.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Body Temperature; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Respiration; Time Factors; Xenarthra; Xylazine | 1997 |
Intraoperative monitoring of the motor pathway using transtracheal stimulation of the cervical spine in dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Atracurium; Cervical Vertebrae; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials, Motor; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Femoral Nerve; Intubation, Intratracheal; Ketamine; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Muscle, Skeletal; Narcotics; Neural Pathways; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; Reaction Time; Reproducibility of Results; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Spinal Cord; Trachea; Xylazine | 1997 |
[A procedure for electroretinogram (ERG) recording in mice--effect of monoiodoacetic acid on the ERG in pigmented mice].
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Dark Adaptation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroretinography; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Iodoacetates; Iodoacetic Acid; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Retina; Xylazine | 1997 |
Effects of anesthesia on polyamine metabolism and water content in the rat brain.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Biogenic Polyamines; Body Water; Brain Chemistry; Brain Edema; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Urethane; Xylazine | 1997 |
Field immobilization of pygmy spotted skunks from Mexico.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Mephitidae; Mexico; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1998 |
Relationship between inspiratory pressure and tidal volume in the anesthetized canine.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Dogs; Female; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation; Ketamine; Male; Oxygen; Tidal Volume; Xylazine | 1998 |
Experimental transmission of Ehrlichia canis (Rickettsiales: Ehrlichieae) by Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae).
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Arachnid Vectors; Dermacentor; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Ehrlichia; Ehrlichiosis; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Ketamine; Leukocyte Count; Lung; Nymph; Platelet Count; Xylazine | 1998 |
Comparison of injectable anesthetic combinations in free-ranging two-toed sloths in French guiana.
Topics: Acepromazine; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Wild; Body Temperature; Female; French Guiana; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Imidazoles; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Muscle Relaxation; Oxyhemoglobins; Respiration; Sloths; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1998 |
[The effect of anesthesia on kidney scintigraphy in the dog].
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Atropine; Diazepam; Dogs; Female; Half-Life; Halothane; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Kidney; Male; Propofol; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Reference Values; Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide; Thiopental; Xylazine | 1998 |
Heat-excited and heat-inhibited neurones in the ventroposterior nucleus of thalamus of anaesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Electrophysiology; Hot Temperature; Ketamine; Male; Neurons; Pain Measurement; Rats; Tail; Thalamic Nuclei; Xylazine | 1997 |
Validation of an EIA kit for determination of total thyroid hormones in rat serum. Effects of different anaesthetics.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Ketamine; Male; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Xylazine | 1998 |
Spike-wave complexes and fast components of cortically generated seizures. IV. Paroxysmal fast runs in cortical and thalamic neurons.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Barbiturates; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Ketamine; Membrane Potentials; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Periodicity; Thalamus; Xylazine | 1998 |
Maintenance of anaesthesia with sevoflurane and oxygen in mechanically-ventilated horses subjected to exploratory laparotomy treated with intra- and post operative anaesthetic adjuncts.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Dobutamine; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Intraoperative Care; Ketamine; Male; Methyl Ethers; Oxygen; Postoperative Care; Respiration; Respiration, Artificial; Sevoflurane; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1998 |
Comparison of two techniques for total intravenous anesthesia in horses.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature; Female; Halothane; Heart Rate; Horses; Ketamine; Propofol; Respiration; Xylazine | 1998 |
Improvement in inner ear blood flow by nitric oxide following experimentally induced cochlear thrombosis in anesthetized guinea pigs.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Cochlea; Female; Guinea Pigs; Ischemia; Ketamine; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Microcirculation; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroprusside; Regional Blood Flow; Round Window, Ear; Thrombosis; Urethane; Vasodilator Agents; Xylazine | 1998 |
Adverse effects of tribromoethanol as used in the production of transgenic mice.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Embryo Transfer; Ethanol; Female; Ketamine; Liver; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Muscle, Skeletal; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Rate; Spleen; Xylazine | 1998 |
E. Coli bacteremia-induced changes in the skeletal muscle microcirculation vary with anesthetics.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Bacteremia; Chloralose; Decerebrate State; Disease Models, Animal; Escherichia coli Infections; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Male; Microcirculation; Muscle, Skeletal; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Shock, Septic; Urethane; Xylazine | 1998 |
Central alpha2-receptor mechanisms contribute to enhanced renal responses during ketamine-xylazine anesthesia.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Central Nervous System; Diuresis; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Ketamine; Kidney; Male; Microinjections; Natriuresis; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Xylazine | 1998 |
Modulation of cardiac interstitial noradrenaline levels through K(ATP) channels during ischemic preconditioning in rabbits: comparison of the effect of anesthesia between pentobarbital and ketamine + xylazine.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cation Transport Proteins; Glyburide; Hypoglycemic Agents; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; Ketamine; Male; Myocardium; Norepinephrine; Pentobarbital; Rabbits; Xylazine | 1997 |
Hemodynamic response to anesthesia in pregnant and nonpregnant ICR mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketamine; Kinetics; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pentobarbital; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Respiration, Artificial; Xylazine | 1998 |
Mechanism of cholecystokinin-induced relaxation of the rat stomach.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Ganglionectomy; Gastrointestinal Motility; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach; Sympathectomy, Chemical; Sympatholytics; Transducers; Vagus Nerve; Xylazine | 1999 |
Impact of network activity on the integrative properties of neocortical pyramidal neurons in vivo.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Awareness; Cats; Dendrites; Electric Conductivity; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Ketamine; Neocortex; Nerve Net; Neural Pathways; Pyramidal Cells; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Xylazine | 1999 |
Cardiovascular pathology possibly associated with ketamine/xylazine anesthesia in Dutch belted rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Cardiovascular Diseases; Coronavirus; Echocardiography; Fibrosis; Ketamine; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Organ Size; Rabbits; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Vitamin E; Xylazine | 1999 |
Differential depressant effects of general anesthetics on the cardiovascular response to cocaine in mice.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Catheterization; Chloralose; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Pentobarbital; Urethane; Xylazine | 1999 |
Ketaset-Rompun extends the temporal gradient for hypothermia-induced retrograde amnesia.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Amnesia, Retrograde; Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Classical; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hypothermia; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Retention, Psychology; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1999 |
Anesthetics can alter subsequent in vitro assessment of contractility in slow and fast skeletal muscles of rat.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Female; Ketamine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch; Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch; Muscle, Skeletal; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 1999 |
Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function in conscious and anesthetized mice.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Drug Combinations; Echocardiography; Feasibility Studies; Heart; Hypertension, Renovascular; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Myocardial Infarction; Pentobarbital; Reproducibility of Results; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; Xylazine | 1999 |
Immobilization of goitred gazelles (Gazella subgutterosa) and Arabian mountain gazelles (Gazella gazella) with xylazine-ketamine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Animals, Zoo; Antelopes; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Rumen; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1999 |
Alpha-2 agonist dissociative anesthetic combinations in fallow deer (Cervus dama).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Body Temperature; Deer; Female; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Respiration; Tiletamine; Time Factors; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 1999 |
Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of veterinary tranquillizers in urine: evaluation of method performance.
Topics: Animals; Azaperone; Cattle; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Haloperidol; Ketamine; Phenothiazines; Piperazines; Pyridines; Quality Control; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sheep; Swine; Tranquilizing Agents; Veterinary Medicine; Xylazine | 1999 |
Trial-to-trial variability and state-dependent modulation of auditory-evoked responses in cortex.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Auditory Cortex; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Female; Ketamine; Rats; Reaction Time; Xylazine | 1999 |
Effects of ketamine/xylazine and pentobarbital anesthesia on cerebral tissue oxygen tension, blood pressure, and arterial blood gas in rats.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cerebral Arteries; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ketamine; Male; Oxygen; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Xylazine | 1999 |
Comparative cardiopulmonary effects of carfentanil-xylazine and medetomidine-ketamine used for immobilization of mule deer and mule deer/white-tailed deer hybrids.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animal Welfare; Animals; Animals, Wild; Deer; Fentanyl; Fever; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypoxia; Immobilization; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Respiration; Xylazine | 2000 |
Immobilization of free-ranging nine-banded and great long-nosed armadillos with three anesthetic combinations.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Armadillos; Benzodiazepines; Body Temperature; Female; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Respiration; Tiletamine; Time Factors; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2000 |
In spontaneously hypertensive rats alterations in aortic wall properties precede development of hypertension.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Age Factors; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Blood Pressure; Collagen; Compliance; Cross-Linking Reagents; Elastin; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Hydroxyproline; Hypertension; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Vasoconstriction; Xylazine | 2000 |
Role of intrarenal alpha(2)-adrenoceptors in the renal responses to xylazine in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Heart Rate; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Kidney; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Renal Artery; Sodium; Sympathetic Nervous System; Urine; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2000 |
The laryngeal mask airway in experimental pig anaesthesia.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Clonixin; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Laparotomy; Laryngeal Masks; Oximetry; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Swine; Xylazine | 1999 |
NMDA receptor antagonists extend the sensitive period for imprinting.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chickens; Darkness; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Imprinting, Psychological; Ketamine; Light; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Xylazine | 2000 |
Comparison of the effects of four anaesthetic agents on somatosensory evoked potentials in the rat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Butyrophenones; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Fentanyl; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Weight Loss; Xylazine | 1999 |
Butorphanol/xylazine/ketamine immobilization of free-ranging Baird's tapirs in Costa Rica.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Butorphanol; Costa Rica; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oximetry; Perissodactyla; Respiration; Tolazoline; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2000 |
Anesthesia case of the month. Diaphragmatic hernia making it difficult to ventilate a horse during anesthesia.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic; Horse Diseases; Horses; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Xylazine | 2000 |
Capture and immobilisation of aardvark (Orycteropus afer) using different drug combinations.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Female; Halothane; Imidazoles; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Xenarthra; Xylazine | 2000 |
Effect of general anesthetics on IOP in rats with experimental aqueous outflow obstruction.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Aqueous Humor; Intraocular Pressure; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Ocular Hypertension; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Sclerosis; Tonometry, Ocular; Xylazine | 2000 |
Use of sevoflurane for anesthetic management of horses during thoracotomy.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Atracurium; Blood Pressure; Euthanasia; Female; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Methyl Ethers; Neuromuscular Agents; Sevoflurane; Succinylcholine; Thoracotomy; Xylazine | 2000 |
One-step placement of a percutaneous nonendoscopic low-profile gastrostomy port in cats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Butorphanol; Cats; Cephalosporins; Female; Gastrostomy; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 2000 |
Laparoscopic liver surgery in the rat: description of a new technique.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Hepatectomy; Ketamine; Laparoscopes; Laparoscopy; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; Male; Neoplasm Transplantation; Rats; Rats, Inbred ACI; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Surgical Instruments; Xylazine | 2000 |
Anesthetic, cardiorespiratory, and metabolic effects of four intravenous anesthetic regimens induced in horses immediately after maximal exercise.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Cardiac Output; Diazepam; Female; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Physical Exertion; Respiratory Mechanics; Running; Thiopental; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2000 |
Urethane suppresses rat lung inducible cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide synthase mRNA levels.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Depression, Chemical; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Isoenzymes; Ketamine; Lung; Male; Membrane Proteins; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Pentobarbital; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Urethane; Xylazine | 2000 |
Relationship between EEG potentials and intracellular activity of striatal and cortico-striatal neurons: an in vivo study under different anesthetics.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Electroencephalography; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Motor Cortex; Neuroleptanalgesia; Neurons; Neurons, Efferent; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2001 |
Capture and immobilization of wild brown palm civets in Western Ghats.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Carnivora; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; India; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 2001 |
The effects of different anaesthetic treatments on the adreno-cortical functions and glucose levels in NZW rabbits.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Glucose; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Droperidol; Female; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Hydrocortisone; Ketamine; Pentobarbital; Rabbits; Reflex; Respiration; Thiopental; Xylazine | 2000 |
The effect of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 monooxygenases on monensin-sulfadimidine interactions in broilers.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Chickens; Coccidiostats; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ketamine; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Male; Monensin; Sulfamethazine; Superoxide Dismutase; Xylazine | 2001 |
Comparisons of the effects of anesthesia and stress on release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, leptin, and nitric oxide in adult male rats.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Arousal; Blood Specimen Collection; Ketamine; Leptin; Male; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Physiological; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xylazine | 2001 |
Activation of alpha(2)-receptors in the rostral ventrolateral medulla evokes natriuresis by a renal nerve mechanism.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Ketamine; Kidney; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Natriuresis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Sodium; Sympathetic Nervous System; Urine; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2001 |
[Anesthesia of the New Zealand rabbit using the the combination of tiletamine-zolazepam and ketamine-midazolam with or without xylazine].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Body Temperature; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Midazolam; Oxygen; Rabbits; Reflex; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2001 |
Non-invasive echocardiographic studies in mice: influence of anesthetic regimen.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Echocardiography; Echocardiography, Doppler; Halothane; Heart; Hemodynamics; Humans; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Random Allocation; Statistics as Topic; Xylazine | 2001 |
Plasma glucocorticoid concentrations after fentanyl-droperidol, ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam anaesthesia in New Zealand white rabbits.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Droperidol; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Hydrocortisone; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ketamine; Rabbits; Respiration; Xylazine | 2001 |
Effects of anesthesia on cystometry and leak point pressure of the female rat.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Consciousness; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Ketamine; Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Urethane; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Incontinence; Urination; Urodynamics; Xylazine | 2001 |
The effects of ketamine-xylazine anesthesia on cerebral blood flow and oxygenation observed using nuclear magnetic resonance perfusion imaging and electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Drug Interactions; Energy Metabolism; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Oximetry; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2001 |
Focal synchronization of ripples (80-200 Hz) in neocortex and their neuronal correlates.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Arousal; Cats; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Halothane; Ketamine; Neocortex; Neurons; Periodicity; Sleep; Sleep, REM; Xylazine | 2001 |
Effects of avertin versus xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on cardiac function in normal mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cardiac Catheterization; Echocardiography; Ethanol; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Stroke Volume; Ventricular Function, Left; Ventricular Pressure; Xylazine | 2001 |
Differences in normal values for murine white blood cell counts and other hematological parameters based on sampling site.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Cell Count; Blood Specimen Collection; CD18 Antigens; Eye; Female; Heart; Ketamine; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes; Macrophage-1 Antigen; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neutrophils; Reference Values; Tail; Xylazine | 2001 |
Anesthesia affects the disposition of [18F]fluoro-A-85380: a PET study in monkeys.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Azetidines; Brain; Drug Interactions; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Ketamine; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Neurons; Nonlinear Dynamics; Papio; Receptors, Nicotinic; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Xylazine | 2002 |
Early effects of tribromoethanol, ketamine/xylazine, pentobarbitol, and isoflurane anesthesia on hepatic and lymphoid tissue in ICR mice.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Anesthetics; Animals; Apoptosis; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pentobarbital; Spleen; Xylazine | 2002 |
Reversal of hypercapnia induces KATP channel and NO-independent constriction of basilar artery in rabbits with acute metabolic alkalosis.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Alkalosis; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Basilar Artery; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypercapnia; KATP Channels; Ketamine; Lactic Acid; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Oxygen; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Pyruvic Acid; Rabbits; Vasoconstriction; Xylazine | 2000 |
Optimization of intraperitoneal injection anesthesia in mice: drugs, dosages, adverse effects, and anesthesia depth.
Topics: Acepromazine; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Azaperone; Drug Combinations; Female; Gases; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Reflex; Tiletamine; Time Factors; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2001 |
Self-mutilation in rabbits following intramuscular ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine injections.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Axons; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Nerve Degeneration; Rabbits; Self Mutilation; Xylazine | 1999 |
Impact of anesthesia on cardiac function during echocardiography in mice.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Weight; Diastole; Echocardiography; Ethanol; Heart; Heart Rate; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Midazolam; Organ Size; Peritoneum; Reproducibility of Results; Species Specificity; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2002 |
Use of the anesthetic combination of tiletamine, zolazepam, ketamine, and xylazine for neutering feral cats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Castration; Cats; Drug Combinations; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Tiletamine; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2002 |
Effects of ketamine-xylazine and isoflurane on insulin sensitivity in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate-treated minipigs (Sus scrofa domestica).
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Glucose; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Drug Combinations; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Sus scrofa; Swine, Miniature; Xylazine | 2002 |
Cardiovascular phenotypes of kinin B2 receptor- and tissue kallikrein-deficient mice.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Blotting, Northern; Bradykinin; Cardiac Output; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Genotype; Heart Ventricles; Hemodynamics; Homeostasis; Kallikreins; Ketamine; Kidney; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Norepinephrine; Phenotype; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Bradykinin B2; Receptors, Angiotensin; Receptors, Bradykinin; Regional Blood Flow; Renin; RNA, Messenger; Ventricular Function; Xylazine | 2002 |
Evaluation of anesthesia effects in a rat animal model using otoacoustic emission protocols.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Ketamine; Male; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Perceptual Distortion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tympanic Membrane Perforation; Xylazine | 2002 |
Similar half-octave TTS protection of the cochlea by xylazine/ketamine or sympathectomy.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Animals; Auditory Threshold; Cochlea; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Guinea Pigs; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Sympathectomy; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2002 |
Male and female rats express similar blood pressure responses to "push-pull" gravitational stress.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Female; Hypergravity; Hypogravity; Hypotension, Orthostatic; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sex Factors; Sympathetic Nervous System; Xylazine | 2002 |
Changes in hepatic and renal enzyme concentrations and heart and respiratory rates in new zealand white rabbits after anesthetic treatments.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Creatinine; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart Rate; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Kidney; Liver; Rabbits; Respiration; Xylazine | 2002 |
Semen collection from mice: electroejaculation.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Ejaculation; Electric Stimulation; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred CBA; Pentobarbital; Semen; Specimen Handling; Sperm Count; Sperm Motility; Xylazine | 2002 |
The effect of ketamine/xylazine anesthesia on sensory and motor evoked potentials in the rat.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials, Motor; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regression Analysis; Xylazine | 2003 |
Analgesic and systemic effects of ketamine, xylazine, and lidocaine after subarachnoid administration in goats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Ataxia; Blood Pressure; Conscious Sedation; Goats; Heart Rate; Injections, Spinal; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Subarachnoid Space; Xylazine | 2003 |
The significance of intrathecal catheter location in rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Catheterization; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hand Strength; Injections, Spinal; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Pain Measurement; Paralysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2003 |
Tiletamine-zolazepam, ketamine, and xylazine anesthesia of captive cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus).
Topics: Acinonyx; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Body Temperature; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Tiletamine; Time Factors; Xylazine; Yohimbine; Zolazepam | 2002 |
Surgical implantation of radio transmitters in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) on Svalbard, Norway.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Body Temperature; Female; Foxes; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Norway; Prostheses and Implants; Respiration; Telemetry; Xylazine | 2002 |
Age and anesthetic effects on murine electrocardiography.
Topics: Aging; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electrocardiography; Female; Halothane; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Methyl Ethers; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Reproducibility of Results; Sevoflurane; Xylazine | 2003 |
Effects of the anaesthetic/tranquillizer treatments on selected plasma biochemical parameters in NZW rabbits.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthetics; Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Chemical Analysis; Body Temperature; Conscious Sedation; Diazepam; Droperidol; Drug Combinations; Female; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Rabbits; Reflex, Abnormal; Respiration; Tranquilizing Agents; Xylazine | 2003 |
Interference of anaesthetics with radioligand binding in neuroreceptor studies.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain; Citalopram; Drug Combinations; Halothane; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Tiletamine; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Tritium; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2003 |
Simultaneous determination of ketamine and xylazine in canine plasma by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorbance detection.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dogs; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ketamine; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Xylazine | 2003 |
Effects of ketamine/xylazine on expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclo-oxygenase-2 in rat gastric mucosa during endotoxemia.
Topics: Animals; Cyclooxygenase 2; Endotoxemia; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Gene Expression Regulation; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Isoenzymes; Ketamine; Lipopolysaccharides; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xylazine | 2003 |
Ketamine/xylazine attenuates LPS-induced iNOS expression in various rat tissues.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Digestive System; Endotoxemia; Female; Ketamine; Kidney; Lipopolysaccharides; Liver; Lung; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spleen; Xylazine | 2003 |
The effect of anesthesia on the pharmacokinetics of sublingually administered verapamil in rabbits.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Sublingual; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Biological Availability; Calcium Channel Blockers; Drug Interactions; Injections, Intramuscular; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Models, Animal; Rabbits; Verapamil; Xylazine | 2003 |
Ketamine-xylazine-induced slow (< 1.5 Hz) oscillations in the rat piriform (olfactory) cortex are functionally correlated with respiration.
Topics: Animals; Biological Clocks; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electric Stimulation; Ketamine; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Olfactory Pathways; Periodicity; Physical Stimulation; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration; Sleep; Tracheotomy; Xylazine | 2003 |
The cardiopulmonary effects of severe blood loss in anesthetized horses.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Loss, Surgical; Blood Pressure; Female; Guaifenesin; Halothane; Hemodynamics; Hemorrhage; Horse Diseases; Horses; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Xylazine | 2003 |
New technique for measurement of left ventricular pressure in conscious mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Aorta; Catheterization; Consciousness; Echocardiography; Female; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Animal; Ventricular Function, Left; Ventricular Pressure; Xylazine | 2004 |
Evaluation of three combinations of anesthetics for use in free-ranging alpine marmots (Marmota marmota).
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Body Composition; Body Temperature; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Kinetics; Male; Marmota; Medetomidine; Respiration; Safety; Seasons; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2003 |
Immobilization of North American porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum) using ketamine and xylazine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Body Weight; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Rodentia; Sex Factors; Xylazine | 2003 |
Temporal changes in ventricular function assessed echocardiographically in conscious and anesthetized mice.
Topics: Acepromazine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Age Factors; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Weight; Cardiac Output; Consciousness; Diastole; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Cardiovascular; Multivariate Analysis; Predictive Value of Tests; Reference Values; Regression Analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Sex Factors; Statistics as Topic; Systole; Time Factors; Ventricular Function; Xylazine | 2003 |
C-fos expression in rat brain nuclei following incisor tooth movement.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Genes, fos; Incisor; Ketamine; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Models, Animal; Neurons; Nociceptors; Orthodontic Appliances; Pain; Periaqueductal Gray; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recruitment, Neurophysiological; Reticular Formation; Tooth Movement Techniques; Trigeminal Nuclei; Xylazine | 2004 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of combined xylazine-guaiphenesin-ketamine infusion and extradural (inter-coccygeal lidocaine) anaesthesia in calves.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cardiac Output; Cattle; Female; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Prospective Studies; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; Respiration; Xylazine | 2004 |
Isoflurane with morphine is a suitable anaesthetic regimen for embryo transfer in the production of transgenic rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Embryo Implantation; Embryo Transfer; Female; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Morphine; Pregnancy; Pseudopregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2004 |
Does preoperative administration of metamizol (Novalgin) affect postoperative body weight and duration of recovery from ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia in mice undergoing embryo transfer: a preliminary report.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Dipyrone; Embryo Transfer; Female; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Postoperative Period; Premedication; Xylazine | 2004 |
Exposure to warmer postoperative temperatures reduces hypothermia caused by anaesthesia and significantly increases the implantation rate of transferred embryos in the mouse.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Embryo Implantation; Embryo Transfer; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Ethanol; Female; Fetal Resorption; Hot Temperature; Hypothermia; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pregnancy; Xylazine | 2004 |
Elevation of blood glucose following anaesthetic treatment in C57BL/6 mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Glucose; Insulin; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Species Specificity; Xylazine | 2004 |
Evaluation of anesthesia effects on [18F]FDG uptake in mouse brain and heart using small animal PET.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Brain; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Heart; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Myocardium; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Xylazine | 2004 |
[Injection anesthesia administered in the mid-anesthesia period after ether induction in laboratory rats].
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Droperidol; Ether; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2003 |
Comparison of the depressive effects of four anesthetic regimens on ventilatory and cardiovascular variables in the guinea pig.
Topics: Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Pressure; Droperidol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fentanyl; Guinea Pigs; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Pentobarbital; Plethysmography; Respiration; Xylazine | 2004 |
Effect of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid on tissue Na+,K- ATPase levels after experimental head trauma.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate; Hydroxybutyrates; Intracranial Pressure; Ketamine; Male; Rabbits; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2004 |
Lack of efficacy of injectable ketamine with xylazine or diazepam for anesthesia in chickens.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Temperature; Chickens; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Injections, Intravenous; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Respiration; Xylazine | 2004 |
Effects of anesthetics on systemic hemodynamics in mice.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Buprenorphine; Cardiac Output; Female; Imidazoles; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pentobarbital; Urethane; Xylazine | 2004 |
The effects of anesthesia on the clinical chemistry of New Zealand White rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Autoanalysis; Blood Chemical Analysis; Cholesterol; Diazepam; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Lactate Dehydrogenases; Pentobarbital; Rabbits; Reflex; Thiopental; Time Factors; Triglycerides; Xylazine | 2004 |
An animal model for ultrasound lung imaging.
Topics: Acepromazine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics; Animals; Dopamine Antagonists; Gels; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Lung; Models, Animal; Phantoms, Imaging; Rabbits; Ultrasonography; Xylazine | 2004 |
Effect of intratesticular injection of xylazine/ketamine combination on canine castration.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Body Temperature; Castration; Dogs; Drug Administration Routes; Electrocardiography; Heart Rate; Injections; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Pain, Postoperative; Pulmonary Ventilation; Testis; Vomiting; Xylazine | 2004 |
A blood-brain barrier disruption model eliminating the hemodynamic effect of ketamine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Diuretics, Osmotic; Female; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Mannitol; Models, Animal; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Xylazine | 2004 |
Impact of conventional anesthesia on auditory brainstem responses in mice.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Differential Threshold; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Female; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Xylazine | 2004 |
Ketaset-Rompun extends the effective interstimulus interval in long-trace taste-aversion conditioning in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Classical; Female; Ketamine; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taste; Time Perception; Xylazine | 2004 |
Effect of anesthesia on the signal intensity in tumors using BOLD-MRI: comparison with flow measurements by Laser Doppler flowmetry and oxygen measurements by luminescence-based probes.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Droperidol; Fentanyl; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Muscle, Skeletal; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Pentobarbital; Xylazine | 2004 |
Cardiorespiratory effects of diazepam-ketamine, xylazine-ketamine and thiopentone anesthesia in male Wistar rats--a comparative analysis.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Coronary Vessels; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Electrocardiography; Heart; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Respiratory Mechanics; Thiopental; Xylazine | 2004 |
Low-dose anesthesia for corneal transplantation in mice.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Corneal Transplantation; Female; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Xylazine | 2005 |
Two reentrant pathways in the hippocampal-entorhinal system.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Dentate Gyrus; Electric Stimulation; Entorhinal Cortex; Female; Hippocampus; Ketamine; Memory; Neural Pathways; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Urethane; Xylazine | 2004 |
Comparative immobilization of wild felids in Thailand.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Felidae; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Thailand; Tiletamine; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2004 |
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE): lesion visualization on a 3 Tesla clinical whole-body system after intraperitoneal contrast injection.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebellum; Contrast Media; Demyelinating Diseases; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Gadolinium DTPA; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Rats; Spinal Cord; Xylazine | 2004 |
Xylazine-midazolam-ketamine versus medetomidine-midazolam-ketamine anesthesia in captive Siberian tigers (Panthera tigris altaica).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Tigers; Xylazine | 2004 |
Synaptic enhancement induced through callosal pathways in cat association cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Barbiturates; Cats; Corpus Callosum; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Ketamine; Microdialysis; Neocortex; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Xylazine | 2004 |
Importance of anesthesia for the genesis of neurogenic pulmonary edema in spinal cord injury.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Blood Pressure; Ketamine; Lung; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Pentobarbital; Pulmonary Edema; Rats; Spinal Cord Injuries; Xylazine | 2005 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of romifidine/ketamine or xylazine/ketamine when used for short duration anesthesia in the horse.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cross-Over Studies; Heart Rate; Horses; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Oxygen Consumption; Partial Pressure; Random Allocation; Respiration; Xylazine | 2004 |
An unusual presentation from xylazine-ketamine.
Topics: Adult; Anesthetics; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Diagnosis, Differential; Electrocardiography; Humans; Ketamine; Male; Poisoning; Substance Abuse, Intravenous; Xylazine | 2004 |
Cine-MRI assessment of cardiac function in mice anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine and isoflurane.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Heart Ventricles; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Ventricular Function; Ventricular Function, Left; Xylazine | 2004 |
Ketamine/xylazine anesthesia for radiologic imaging of neurologically impaired rats: dose response, respiratory depression, and management of complications.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Nervous System Diseases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Respiratory Insufficiency; Safety; Xylazine | 2004 |
Variable coupling between olfactory system activity and respiration in ketamine/xylazine anesthetized rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Ketamine; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Olfactory Pathways; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration; Spectrum Analysis; Xylazine | 2005 |
Efficacy and safety of stored and newly prepared tribromoethanol in ICR mice.
Topics: Abdominal Wall; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Cold Temperature; Drug Storage; Ethanol; Female; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Light; Longevity; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pentobarbital; Peritoneum; Veterinary Medicine; Xylazine | 2005 |
Echocardiographic variables in healthy guineapigs anaesthetized with ketamine-xylazine.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Body Weight; Echocardiography; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 2005 |
Increases in extracellular fluid glucose levels in the rat hippocampus following an anesthetic dose of pentobarbital or ketamine-xylazine: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Hippocampus; Ketamine; Male; Microdialysis; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2005 |
Myocardial blood flow mapping in mice using high-resolution spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging: influence of ketamine/xylazine and isoflurane anesthesia.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Coronary Circulation; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Spin Labels; Xylazine | 2005 |
Influence of general anesthesia on pharmacokinetics of intravenous lidocaine infusion in horses.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Drug Interactions; Female; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Horses; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Respiration; Xylazine | 2005 |
[Immobilization of cattle and bison with a combination of xylazine, zolazepam-tiletamine and ketamine].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Bison; Blood Gas Analysis; Body Weight; Cattle; Imidazoles; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Tiletamine; Time Factors; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2005 |
Evaluation of xylazine and ketamine for total intravenous anesthesia in horses.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Heart Rate; Horses; Ketamine; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2005 |
Ischemic brain damage after ketamine and xylazine treatment in a young laboratory monkey (Macaca fascicularis).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebellar Cortex; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Female; Hippocampus; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Macaca fascicularis; Xylazine | 2005 |
Determination of acepromazine, ketamine, medetomidine, and xylazine in serum: multi-residue screening by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Topics: Acepromazine; Animals; Cattle; Chromatography, Liquid; Dogs; Horses; Ketamine; Linear Models; Mass Spectrometry; Medetomidine; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Veterinary Drugs; Xylazine | 2005 |
Preferable anesthetic conditions for echocardiographic determination of murine cardiac function.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Anesthetics; Animals; Cardiac Output; Dobutamine; Drug Combinations; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Phenobarbital; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ventricular Function; Xylazine | 2005 |
Acute hyperglycemia induced by ketamine/xylazine anesthesia in rats: mechanisms and implications for preclinical models.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Glucose; Drug Combinations; Eating; Fasting; Hyperglycemia; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Kinetics; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Xylazine | 2005 |
Granule cells in the cochlear nucleus sensitive to sound activation detected by Fos protein expression.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Anesthesia; Animals; Brain Mapping; Cell Count; Chorda Tympani Nerve; Cochlear Nucleus; Diagnostic Imaging; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Gene Expression; Immunohistochemistry; Ketamine; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Sound; Xylazine | 2005 |
The sulfonylurea glipizide does not inhibit ischemic preconditioning in anesthetized rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Glipizide; Glyburide; Heart; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; Ketamine; Male; Models, Animal; Myocardial Infarction; Rabbits; Xylazine | 2005 |
Nitric oxide induced by ketamine/xylazine anesthesia maintains hepatic blood flow during hypothermia.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Hypothermia, Induced; Ketamine; Liver; Male; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Pentobarbital; Rats; Xylazine | 2006 |
Stress hormones: a link between maternal condition and sex-biased reproductive investment.
Topics: Animals; Body Size; Breeding; Clutch Size; Corticosterone; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Maternal Behavior; Nesting Behavior; Oviposition; Reproduction; Sex Characteristics; Starlings; Stress, Physiological; Xylazine | 2005 |
Multiple centrally acting antidotes protect against severe organophosphate toxicity.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Diazepam; Dichlorvos; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glycopyrrolate; Insecticides; Ketamine; Morphine; Poisoning; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2006 |
Ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine anesthesia and postoperative recovery in rats.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Drinking; Ketamine; Ketorolac; Laparotomy; Male; Pain, Postoperative; Postoperative Period; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recovery of Function; Time Factors; Weight Loss; Xylazine | 2006 |
Frequency-current relationships of rat hindlimb alpha-motoneurones.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hindlimb; Ketamine; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Muscle, Skeletal; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sciatic Nerve; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2006 |
Xylazine, diazepam and midazolam premedicated ketamine anaesthesia in white Leghorn cockerels for typhlectomy.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Cecum; Chickens; Diazepam; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Midazolam; Poultry Diseases; Random Allocation; Respiration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2006 |
Euthanasia of exotic pigs.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Barbital; Euthanasia, Animal; Firearms; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Swine; Xylazine | 2006 |
Differential effects of chloral hydrate- and ketamine/xylazine-induced anesthesia by the s.c. route.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Bradykinin; Carbon Dioxide; Chloral Hydrate; Drug Antagonism; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ketamine; Male; Microcirculation; Norepinephrine; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilator Agents; Xylazine | 2006 |
Refractometry for quality control of anesthetic drug mixtures.
Topics: Acepromazine; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics; Buprenorphine; Drug Combinations; Heterocyclic Compounds; Ketamine; Quality Control; Refractometry; Xylazine | 2006 |
[Use of hyaluronic acid cleaving enzymes for absorption acceleration. Results of an in vitro study with xylazine and ketamine].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Cattle; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ketamine; Male; Mammary Glands, Animal; Polysaccharide-Lyases; Streptococcus; Streptococcus agalactiae; Testis; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2006 |
Characterization of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of riboflavin in different experimental models.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature; Carrageenan; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Fever; Formaldehyde; Ketamine; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; Models, Animal; Motor Activity; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Pain; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Riboflavin; Vitamin B Complex; Xylazine | 2006 |
Xylazine, ketamine and their combination for lumbar epidural analgesia in water buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics; Animals; Area Under Curve; Buffaloes; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Random Allocation; Respiration; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine | 2006 |
Effects of anesthesia on echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular structure and function in rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Diastole; Echocardiography, Doppler; Heart; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Organ Size; Phenobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Systole; Ventricular Function, Left; Xylazine | 2007 |
Immobilization of Himalayan tahr with a xylazine-ketamine mixture and reversal with atipamezole under field conditions.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Nepal; Respiration; Ruminants; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2006 |
Influence of different anesthetics on skin oxygenation studied by electron paramagnetic resonance in vivo.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Female; Heart Rate; Hemoglobins; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Oxygen; Skin; Xylazine | 2007 |
Anesthesia induced by administration of xylazine hydrochloride alone or in combination with ketamine hydrochloride and reversal by administration of yohimbine hydrochloride in captive Axis deer (Axis axis).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Body Temperature; Deer; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Statistics, Nonparametric; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2007 |
Effects of epidural ketamine-xylazine combination on the clinicophysiological and haematobiochemical parameters of uraemic and healthy goats.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Body Temperature; Goat Diseases; Goats; Heart Rate; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Ketamine; Leukocyte Count; Male; Respiration; Urolithiasis; Xylazine | 2007 |
Neuroprotective effect of ketamine/xylazine on two rat models of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Immunohistochemistry; Ketamine; Male; Maze Learning; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substantia Nigra; Thiopental; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Xylazine | 2007 |
Interactions between cardiac, respiratory and EEG-delta oscillations in rats during anaesthesia.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Algorithms; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Delta Rhythm; Electrocardiography; Electroencephalography; Heart; Ketamine; Male; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Respiratory Mechanics; Xylazine | 2007 |
Clinicophysiological effects of spinally administered ketamine and its combination with xylazine and medetomidine in healthy goats.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesia, Epidural; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Ataxia; Blood Chemical Analysis; Body Temperature; Female; Goats; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Random Allocation; Respiration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2007 |
Acid-base, blood gas, and physiologic parameters during laparoscopy in the head-down position in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus).
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Carbon Dioxide; Deer; Female; Heart Rate; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Laparoscopy; Oxygen; Posture; Pulmonary Ventilation; Respiration; Xylazine | 2005 |
Comparison of cardiovascular effects of tiletamine-zolazepam, pentobarbital, and ketamine-xylazine in male rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Cardiovascular System; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Pentobarbital; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2007 |
Influence of dosage and chemical restraints on feline excretory urography.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Body Temperature; Cats; Contrast Media; Diatrizoate Meglumine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Female; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Urography; Xylazine | 2006 |
Effects of NMDA receptor antagonists on visceromotor reflexes and on intestinal motility, in vivo.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Chloralose; Electromyography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Spinal; Jejunum; Ketamine; Male; Memantine; Motor Neurons; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex; Reproducibility of Results; Xylazine | 2007 |
Effects of anesthetic agents on serum parathyroid hormone and calcium concentrations in mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Calcium; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Parathyroid Hormone; Prospective Studies; Xylazine | 2007 |
Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine after racemic ketamine or S-ketamine administration in Shetland ponies sedated with xylazine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Cross-Over Studies; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Random Allocation; Stereoisomerism; Xylazine | 2008 |
Ketamine and xylazine depress sensory-evoked parallel fiber and climbing fiber responses.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Nerve Fibers; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2007 |
Isoflurane is an effective alternative to ketamine/xylazine/acepromazine as an anesthetic agent for the mouse electroretinogram.
Topics: Adaptation, Ocular; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Dark Adaptation; Electroretinography; Female; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Biological; Oscillometry; Retina; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Vision, Ocular; Xylazine | 2007 |
Interaction of anaesthetic drugs and UV-B irradiation in the anterior segment of the rat eye.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cataract; Cornea; Drug Interactions; Female; Ketamine; Lens, Crystalline; Pentobarbital; Radiation Injuries, Experimental; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scattering, Radiation; Ultraviolet Rays; Xylazine | 2007 |
Determination of sensitivity of male Wistar rats to an equal dose of ketamine/xylazine injection at anesthetic dose in a chronic model of hypernatremia in comparison with control group.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hypernatremia; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2007 |
The effect of general anesthesia on the intestinal lymphatic transport of lipophilic drugs: comparison between anesthetized and freely moving conscious rat models.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Biological Transport; Cholecalciferol; Consciousness; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Intubation, Gastrointestinal; Ketamine; Lymphatic System; Male; Models, Animal; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2007 |
Effects of anesthesia on DPOAE level and phase in rats.
Topics: Acepromazine; Acoustic Stimulation; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Auditory Pathways; Ear, Middle; Ketamine; Male; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex, Acoustic; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2008 |
Stable in vivo imaging of densely populated glia, axons and blood vessels in the mouse spinal cord using two-photon microscopy.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Axons; Capillaries; Cell Movement; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Ketamine; Laminectomy; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microcirculation; Microglia; Microscopy, Confocal; Neurosurgical Procedures; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Spinal Cord; Staining and Labeling; Stereotaxic Techniques; Urethane; Xylazine | 2008 |
Cytochrome P450 2E1 in the substantia nigra: relevance for dopaminergic neurotransmission and free radical production.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Inhibitors; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Space; Free Radicals; GABA Modulators; Hydroxybenzoates; In Vitro Techniques; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Microdialysis; Parabens; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reserpine; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Xylazine | 2008 |
Rebound tonometry in conscious, conditioned mice avoids the acute and profound effects of anesthesia on intraocular pressure.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Ethanol; Intraocular Pressure; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Ocular Hypotension; Reproducibility of Results; Time Factors; Timolol; Tonometry, Ocular; Xylazine | 2008 |
Anesthesia.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics; Animals; Butorphanol; Cricetinae; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ketamine; Methoxyflurane; Mice; Rabbits; Rats; Xylazine | 2001 |
Comparison of quality of induction of anaesthesia between intramuscularly administered ketamine, intravenously administered ketamine and intravenously administered propofol in xylazine premedicated cats.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Cats; Heart Rate; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Premedication; Propofol; Random Allocation; Respiration; Vocalization, Animal; Xylazine | 2007 |
The effect of ketamine/xylazine and carbon dioxide on plasma luteinizing hormone releasing hormone and testosterone concentrations in the male Norway rat.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Carbon Dioxide; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Testosterone; Xylazine | 2008 |
Electrocardiographic parameters of captive lions (Panthera leo) and tigers (Panthera tigris) immobilized with ketamine plus xylazine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Body Weight; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Lions; Male; Reference Values; Species Specificity; Tigers; Xylazine | 2008 |
A modified suture technique produces consistent cerebral infarction in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Middle Cerebral Artery; Neurologic Examination; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regional Blood Flow; Respiration, Artificial; Suture Techniques; Xylazine | 2008 |
Anaesthesia generates neuronal insulin resistance by inducing hypothermia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Cerebral Cortex; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Hippocampus; Hypothermia, Induced; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Signal Transduction; tau Proteins; Urethane; Xylazine | 2008 |
Efficacy and safety of five injectable anesthetic regimens for chronic blood collection from the anterior vena cava of Guinea pigs.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Specimen Collection; Female; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Venae Cavae; Xylazine | 2008 |
Ketamine and xylazine combinations for short-term immobilization of wild variable flying foxes (Pteropus hypomelanus).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Chiroptera; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine | 2008 |
Yohimbine antagonizes the anaesthetic effects of ketamine-xylazine in captive Indian wild felids.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Female; Heart Rate; India; Ketamine; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Panthera; Respiration; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2009 |
Cerebral injury from intracarotid injection in an alpaca (Vicugna pacos).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Brain Diseases; Butorphanol; Camelids, New World; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Ketamine; Medical Errors; Xylazine | 2009 |
Ketamine/xylazine anesthesia alters [11C]MNPA binding to dopamine D2 receptors and response to methamphetamine challenge in monkey brain.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Apomorphine; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Radioisotopes; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Interactions; Ketamine; Macaca mulatta; Male; Methamphetamine; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Synaptic Transmission; Xylazine | 2009 |
An effective venipuncture technique and normal serum biochemistry parameters of the captive fat-tailed jird (Pachyuromys duprasi).
Topics: Acepromazine; Analgesics; Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Drug Combinations; Female; Gerbillinae; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Phlebotomy; Reference Values; Sex Factors; Xylazine | 2009 |
Pharmacokinetics of ketamine and its metabolite norketamine administered at a sub-anesthetic dose together with xylazine to calves prior to castration.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cattle; Chromatography, Liquid; Drug Combinations; Ketamine; Male; Orchiectomy; Pain; Xylazine | 2009 |
Comparison of the effects of three different combinations of general anesthetics on the electroretinogram of dogs.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Dark Adaptation; Dogs; Electroretinography; Female; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Light; Male; Medetomidine; Thiopental; Xylazine | 2009 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of diazepam-ketamine-isoflurane or xylazine-ketamine-isoflurane during abdominal surgery in foals.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Cardiovascular System; Diazepam; Horses; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Laparotomy; Random Allocation; Respiratory System; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2009 |
Short-term anaesthesia with xylazine, diazepam/ketamine for castration in horses under field conditions: use of intravenous lidocaine.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Horses; Infusions, Intravenous; Intraoperative Care; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Orchiectomy; Pain, Postoperative; Random Allocation; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2009 |
Increasing ketamine dose enhances the anaesthetic properties of ketamine-xylazine-midazolam combinations in growing pigs.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Area Under Curve; Body Temperature; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Female; Heart Rate; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Random Allocation; Respiration; Swine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine | 2008 |
Topical mydriatics affect light-evoked retinal responses in anesthetized mice.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Atropine; Dark Adaptation; Drug Combinations; Electroretinography; Ketamine; Light; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microscopy, Confocal; Muscarinic Antagonists; Mydriatics; Phenylephrine; Pupil; Retina; Retinal Degeneration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2010 |
Reversal of ketamine/xylazine combination anesthesia by atipamezole in olive baboons (Papio anubis).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Pressure; Female; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Papio anubis; Respiratory Rate; Xylazine | 2009 |
Standardization of some electrocardiographic parameters of captive leopard cats (Leopardus tigrinus).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Animals, Zoo; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Reference Values; Species Specificity; Tigers; Xylazine | 2009 |
Effects of different general anesthetics on serum hemolysis and hepatic and muscular glycogenolysis in rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Biomarkers; Drug Combinations; Glycogenolysis; Hemolysis; Ketamine; Liver Glycogen; Male; Muscles; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2009 |
Euthanasia method for mice in rapid time-course pulmonary pharmacokinetic studies.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Euthanasia, Animal; Ketamine; Lung; Mice; Pentobarbital; Pharmacokinetics; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2009 |
Luteolin, a non-selective competitive inhibitor of phosphodiesterases 1-5, displaced [3H]-rolipram from high-affinity rolipram binding sites and reversed xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Female; Guinea Pigs; Ketamine; Luteolin; Male; Mice; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Protein Binding; Rolipram; Tritium; Xylazine | 2010 |
Rat model of influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE): studies of electroencephalogram (EEG) in vivo.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Fever; Hippocampus; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Interleukin-6; Ketamine; Male; Orthomyxoviridae Infections; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Theta Rhythm; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2010 |
Beyond-use dating of extemporaneously compounded ketamine, acepromazine, and xylazine: safety, stability, and efficacy over time.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Stability; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Orientation; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Reaction Time; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2009 |
Effective reduced diffusion-models: a data driven approach to the analysis of neuronal dynamics.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Auditory Cortex; Computational Biology; Computer Simulation; Ketamine; Models, Neurological; Nerve Net; Rats; Statistics, Nonparametric; Stochastic Processes; Xylazine | 2009 |
Bevacizumab accelerates corneal wound healing by inhibiting TGF-beta2 expression in alkali-burned mouse cornea.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Bevacizumab; Cornea; Corneal Injuries; Corneal Neovascularization; Corneal Opacity; Eye Burns; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Transforming Growth Factor beta2; Wound Healing; Xylazine | 2009 |
Action of a Novel PDE4 inhibitor ZL-n-91 on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.
Topics: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; Acute Lung Injury; Anesthetics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Blood Gas Analysis; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; Dexamethasone; Furans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Ketamine; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Peroxidase; Phenyl Ethers; Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Rolipram; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xylazine | 2010 |
The forced walking test: a novel test for pinpointing the anesthetic-induced transition in consciousness in mouse.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Electroencephalography; Ketamine; Mice; Motor Activity; Recovery of Function; Unconsciousness; Walking; Xylazine | 2010 |
Ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine compared with isoflurane for anesthesia during liver transplantation in rodents.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Liver Transplantation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2010 |
Comparison of three anaesthetic protocols in Bennett's wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Body Temperature; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Macropodidae; Male; Medetomidine; Respiratory Rate; Xylazine | 2010 |
Ayanin, a non-selective phosphodiesterase 1-4 inhibitor, effectively suppresses ovalbumin-induced airway hyperresponsiveness without affecting xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Asthma; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cytokines; Female; Flavonoids; Hypersensitivity; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Inflammation; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Ovalbumin; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Respiratory System; Xylazine | 2010 |
Effects of ciclosporin therapy on xylazine/ketamine anaesthesia in a rat model.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cyclosporine; Drug Interactions; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2010 |
Sympathetic modulation of the host defense response to infectious challenge during recovery from hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Hemorrhage; Immune Tolerance; Immunity, Innate; Inflammation; Ketamine; Male; Norepinephrine; Oxidopamine; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xylazine | 2010 |
Euthanasia by CO₂ inhalation affects potassium levels in mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Euthanasia, Animal; Female; Hematologic Tests; Hyperkalemia; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Potassium; Rodent Diseases; Xylazine | 2010 |
Use of xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride for immobilization of wild leopards (Panthera pardus fusca) in emergency situations.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Drug Combinations; Female; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Panthera; Xylazine | 2010 |
Electro-acupuncture reduces the need for additional anesthetics in experimental studies.
Topics: Acupuncture Analgesia; Acupuncture Points; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroacupuncture; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2010 |
Experimental xylazine-ketamine anesthesia in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Carps; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Random Allocation; Respiration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2010 |
The effects of anesthesia on measures of nerve conduction velocity in male C57Bl6/J mice.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Ethanol; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Animal; Neural Conduction; Pentobarbital; Peripheral Nerves; Xylazine | 2010 |
Duration of anesthesia affects intraocular pressure, but not outflow facility in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aqueous Humor; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Intraocular Pressure; Ketamine; Latanoprost; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; Time Factors; Tonometry, Ocular; Trabecular Meshwork; Xylazine | 2010 |
Impact of anesthesia, analgesia, and euthanasia technique on the inflammatory cytokine profile in a rodent model of severe burn injury.
Topics: Acute-Phase Reaction; Analgesia; Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Buprenorphine; Burns; Carbon Dioxide; Cytokines; Decapitation; Euthanasia, Animal; Inflammation; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Models, Animal; Pentobarbital; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Xylazine | 2010 |
Ketamine-xylazine anesthesia causes hyperopic refractive shift in mice.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Eye; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immobilization; Ketamine; Mice; Pentobarbital; Refraction, Ocular; Refractive Errors; Xylazine | 2010 |
Effects of ketamine-xylazine intravenous bolus injection on cardiovascular function in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Abdominal; Carotid Arteries; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Echocardiography; Female; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Rabbits; Xylazine | 2010 |
Total intravenous anesthesia with midazolam, ketamine, and xylazine or detomidine following induction with tiletamine, zolazepam, and xylazine in red deer (Cervus elaphus hippelaphus) undergoing surgery.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Deer; Female; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Midazolam; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2010 |
Comparison of chemical immobilization methods in wild foxes (Pseudalopex griseus and Pseudalopex culpaeus) in Chile.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Wild; Chile; Female; Foxes; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Respiration; Tiletamine; Time Factors; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2010 |
Effect of sub-anesthetic xylazine and ketamine ('ketamine stun') administered to calves immediately prior to castration.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cattle; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Orchiectomy; Pain; Xylazine | 2010 |
Impaired growth and force production in skeletal muscles of young partially pancreatectomized rats: a model of adolescent type 1 diabetic myopathy?
Topics: Adolescent; Analgesics; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Fatigue; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Diseases; Pancreatectomy; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Succinate Dehydrogenase; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Ubiquitination; Xylazine | 2010 |
Comparison of ketamine-diazepam with ketamine-xylazine anesthetic combinations in sheep spontaneously breathing and undergoing maxillofacial surgery.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Oscillometry; Respiration; Sheep; Surgery, Oral; Xylazine | 2010 |
Deep anesthesia suppresses ventricular tachyarrhythmias in rabbit model of the acquired long QT syndrome.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrocardiography; Ketamine; Long QT Syndrome; Male; Methoxamine; Pyrimidinones; Rabbits; Tachycardia, Ventricular; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2011 |
Xylazine-/diazepam-ketamine and isoflurane differentially affect hemodynamics and organ injury under hemorrhagic/traumatic shock and resuscitation in rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Pressure; Diazepam; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Resuscitation; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Shock, Traumatic; Stroke Volume; Vascular Resistance; Xylazine | 2011 |
Effect of general anesthetics on IOP in elevated IOP mouse model.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Intraocular Pressure; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Ocular Hypertension; Tonometry, Ocular; Xylazine | 2011 |
Effects of common anesthetics on eye movement and electroretinogram.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Color Vision; Drug Combinations; Electroretinography; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Eye Movements; Ketamine; Male; Night Vision; Pancuronium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retina; Xylazine | 2011 |
Assessment of parameters influencing the blood flow velocities in cerebral arteries of the rat using ultrasonographic examination.
Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Brain; Brain Infarction; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Predictive Value of Tests; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial; Xylazine | 2011 |
Effect of a short-term fast on ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Cross-Over Studies; Fasting; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Models, Animal; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sleep; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine | 2011 |
High doses of ketamine-xylazine anesthesia reduce cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury in guinea pigs.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Coronary Vessels; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrocardiography; Guinea Pigs; Ketamine; Male; Models, Animal; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Regional Blood Flow; Tissue and Organ Harvesting; Ventricular Function, Left; Xylazine | 2011 |
GEBR-7b, a novel PDE4D selective inhibitor that improves memory in rodents at non-emetic doses.
Topics: Animals; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Hippocampus; Imines; Ketamine; Male; Memory; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morpholines; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2011 |
Estimation of electrode location in a rat motor cortex by laminar analysis of electrophysiology and intracortical electrical stimulation.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Algorithms; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Evoked Potentials; Extracellular Space; Ketamine; Linear Models; Male; Microelectrodes; Motor Cortex; Neurons; Rats; Xylazine | 2011 |
Sudden hind limb injuries in two rabbits. Self-mutilation after intramuscular ketamine-related neuronal injury.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Female; Hindlimb; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Rabbits; Self Mutilation; Xylazine | 2011 |
In vitro and in vivo responses of mucosa from the large colon of horses to ischemia and reperfusion.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Colon; Diazepam; Electric Impedance; Horse Diseases; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intestinal Mucosa; Ischemia; Ketamine; Mannitol; Reperfusion Injury; Statistics, Nonparametric; Xylazine | 2011 |
Transient effects of anesthetics on dendritic spines and filopodia in the living mouse cortex.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dendritic Spines; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Pseudopodia; Pyramidal Cells; Somatosensory Cortex; Xylazine | 2011 |
Deleterious impact of a γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor preferring general anesthetic when used in the presence of persistent inflammation.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Freund's Adjuvant; Inflammation; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Pain, Postoperative; Pentobarbital; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Xylazine | 2011 |
The "other" respiratory effect of opioids: suppression of spontaneous augmented ("sigh") breaths.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypoxia; Ketamine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration; Respiratory Insufficiency; Respiratory System; Xylazine | 2011 |
Serum biochemical values of adult ostriches (Struthio camelus) anesthetized with xylazine, ketamine, and isoflurane.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Reference Values; Struthioniformes; Xylazine | 2011 |
Comparison of xylazine-butorphanol and xylazine-morphine-ketamine infusions in horses undergoing a standing surgery.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Butorphanol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Infusions, Parenteral; Ketamine; Male; Morphine; Respiration; Xylazine | 2011 |
Surrogate data modeling the relationship between high frequency amplitudes and Higuchi fractal dimension of EEG signals in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Brain; Electroencephalography; Fractals; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Xylazine | 2011 |
Pharmacokinetics and physiologic effects of intramuscularly administered xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride-butorphanol tartrate alone or in combination with orally administered sodium salicylate on biomarkers of pain in Holstein calves followi
Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Area Under Curve; Biomarkers, Pharmacological; Butorphanol; Cattle; Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay; Galvanic Skin Response; Horns; Hydrocortisone; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Orchiectomy; Pain, Postoperative; Sodium Salicylate; Xylazine | 2011 |
Synaptic action of the olivocerebellar system on cerebellar nuclear spike activity.
Topics: Action Potentials; Afferent Pathways; Analgesics; Animals; Brain Mapping; Cerebellar Cortex; Cerebellar Nuclei; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ketamine; Models, Neurological; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Olivary Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Xylazine | 2011 |
Properties of slow oscillation during slow-wave sleep and anesthesia in cats.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analgesics; Anesthesia; Animals; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Female; Ketamine; Male; Neurons; Periodicity; Sleep Stages; Spectrum Analysis; Xylazine | 2011 |
Field immobilization of Molina's hog-nosed skunk (Conepatus chinga) using ketamine and xylazine.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Wild; Argentina; Body Temperature; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Mephitidae; Respiration; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2012 |
Inhibition of firefly luciferase by general anesthetics: effect on in vitro and in vivo bioluminescence imaging.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Area Under Curve; Cell Extracts; Cell Line; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethanol; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Injections; Ketamine; Luciferases, Firefly; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Medetomidine; Mice; Mice, Nude; Pentobarbital; Photons; Volatilization; Xylazine | 2012 |
Simultaneous HPLC-UV determination of ketamine, xylazine, and midazolam in canine plasma.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dogs; Female; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Xylazine | 2012 |
Changes in the thalamocortical connectivity during anesthesia-induced transitions in consciousness.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Consciousness; Electroencephalography; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Motor Cortex; Neural Pathways; Somatosensory Cortex; Thalamic Nuclei; Unconsciousness; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei; Xylazine | 2012 |
Comparison of isoflurane inhalation anaesthesia, injection anaesthesia and high volume caudal epidural anaesthesia for umbilical surgery in calves; metabolic, endocrine and cardiopulmonary effects.
Topics: Anesthesia, Caudal; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Cattle; Female; Heart Rate; Hydrocortisone; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Umbilicus; Vascular Resistance; Xylazine | 2012 |
Visualization of murine intranasal dosing efficiency using luminescent Francisella tularensis: effect of instillation volume and form of anesthesia.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anesthesia; Animals; Female; Francisella tularensis; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Kinetics; Luminescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Models, Genetic; Photorhabdus; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Tularemia; Xylazine | 2012 |
Oxygen breathing affects 3'-deoxy-3'-18F-fluorothymidine uptake in mouse models of arthritis and cancer.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Ankle; Arthritis; Artifacts; Biological Transport; Carbon Dioxide; Cell Line, Tumor; Colonic Neoplasms; Consciousness; Dideoxynucleosides; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase; Ketamine; Lactic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Oxygen; Positron-Emission Tomography; Respiration; Xylazine | 2012 |
The effects of anesthesia, mouse strain and age on intraocular pressure and an improved murine model of experimental glaucoma.
Topics: Acepromazine; Aging; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Axons; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Glaucoma; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Intraocular Pressure; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microspheres; Optic Nerve Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Species Specificity; Viscosupplements; Xylazine | 2012 |
Effects of combined ketamine/xylazine anesthesia on light induced retinal degeneration in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Cell Death; Electroretinography; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Ketamine; Light; Neuroprotective Agents; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate; Radiation Injuries, Experimental; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinal Degeneration; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Xylazine | 2012 |
Ischemia-reperfusion injury of the mouse kidney.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Kidney; Male; Mice; Nephrons; Reperfusion Injury; Xylazine | 2012 |
Muscle spindle responses to horizontal support surface perturbation in the anesthetized cat: insights into the role of autogenic feedback in whole body postural control.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analgesics; Anesthesia; Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Cats; Electromyography; Extremities; Feedback, Physiological; Female; Hindlimb; Ketamine; Muscle Spindles; Orientation; Postural Balance; Posture; Reaction Time; Xylazine | 2012 |
Effects of anesthetic regimes on inflammatory responses in a rat model of acute lung injury.
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Bronchoalveolar Lavage; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hemodynamics; Humans; Inflammation; Ketamine; Lung; Methyl Ethers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration, Artificial; Risk; Sevoflurane; Xylazine | 2012 |
Flash responses of mouse rod photoreceptors in the isolated retina and corneal electroretinogram: comparison of gain and kinetics.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Barium Compounds; Chlorides; Cornea; Dark Adaptation; Electroretinography; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Kinetics; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Biological; Organ Culture Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Retinal Pigment Epithelium; Retinal Pigments; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Xylazine | 2012 |
Comparison between the anesthetic induction times in the first and second surgery in rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Weight; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Postoperative Period; Rabbits; Reoperation; Reproducibility of Results; Saphenous Vein; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2012 |
Lithium dilution, pulse power analysis, and continuous thermodilution cardiac output measurements compared with bolus thermodilution in anaesthetized ponies.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Cardiotonic Agents; Dobutamine; Female; Horses; Indicator Dilution Techniques; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Lithium Chloride; Male; Midazolam; Monitoring, Physiologic; Pulse Wave Analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Thermodilution; Xylazine | 2012 |
Effect of the ketamine/xylazine anesthetic on the auditory brainstem response of adult gerbils.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Auditory Threshold; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Gerbillinae; Ketamine; Male; Reaction Time; Xylazine | 2012 |
Cortico-cardio-respiratory network interactions during anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Cardiovascular System; Electrocardiography; Electroencephalography; Ketamine; Male; Models, Theoretical; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2012 |
The effects of anesthetic regimen in 90% hepatectomy in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Glucose; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Hepatectomy; Hypoglycemia; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Survival Analysis; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2012 |
Differential effects of ketamine/xylazine anesthesia on the cerebral and cerebellar cortical activities in the rat.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Cerebellum; Evoked Potentials; Ketamine; Membrane Potentials; Motor Cortex; Nerve Net; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2013 |
Characterization of phase transition in the thalamocortical system during anesthesia-induced loss of consciousness.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Consciousness; Electrophysiology; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Thalamus; Unconsciousness; Xylazine | 2012 |
Use of fiber optic technology to measure the effects of anesthesia on luciferase reaction kinetics.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Female; Fiber Optic Technology; Genes, Reporter; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Kinetics; Luciferases; Pituitary Gland; Prolactin; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Rats; Xylazine | 2012 |
Effect of anesthesia on spontaneous activity and evoked potentials of the cerebellar cortex.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Cerebellar Cortex; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2012 |
Effects of different anesthetics in the murine model of EHV-1 infection.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics; Animals; Cell Death; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Herpesviridae Infections; Herpesvirus 1, Equid; Immunohistochemistry; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Lung; Mice; Xylazine | 2013 |
Pharmacological inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases affects KC/CXCL1-induced intraluminal crawling, transendothelial migration, and chemotaxis of neutrophils in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chemokine CXCL1; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Enzyme Inhibitors; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neutrophil Infiltration; Neutrophils; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pyridines; Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration; Xylazine | 2013 |
Autonomic nervous system under ketamine/ xylazine and pentobarbital anaesthesia in a Wistar rat model: a chronobiological view.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Chronobiology Phenomena; Female; Ketamine; Models, Animal; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2013 |
Comparison of ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-dexmedetomidine anesthesia and intraperitoneal tolerance in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2013 |
Effect of sedation with xylazine and ketamine on intraocular pressure in New Zealand white rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intraocular Pressure; Ketamine; Rabbits; Xylazine | 2013 |
Evaluation of tribromoethanol, tribromoethanol-buprenorphine and ketamine-xylazine combinations for anaesthesia in Sprague-Dawley rats undergoing ovariectomy.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Buprenorphine; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Ketamine; Ovariectomy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2013 |
The impact of four different classes of anesthetics on the mechanisms of blood pressure regulation in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Blood Pressure; Chloralose; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglionic Blockers; Hypertension; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Wistar; Renin-Angiotensin System; Sympathetic Nervous System; Urethane; Xylazine | 2013 |
Pharmacokinetics of ketamine and xylazine in young and old Sprague-Dawley rats.
Topics: Age Factors; Aging; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2013 |
Comparison of two injectable immobilization combinations in Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus): medetomidine, ketamine, and atipamezole versus carfentanil, xylazine, naltrexone, and atipamezole.
Topics: Animals; Fentanyl; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Naltrexone; Ruminants; Xylazine | 2013 |
Propofol with ketamine following sedation with xylazine for routine induction of general anaesthesia in horses.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Horses; Ketamine; Propofol; Records; Retrospective Studies; Veterinary Medicine; Xylazine | 2013 |
Sensory transduction of weak electromagnetic fields: role of glutamate neurotransmission mediated by NMDA receptors.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Anesthesia; Animals; Brain; Electroencephalography; Electromagnetic Fields; Evoked Potentials; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Ketamine; Perception; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Wakefulness; Xylazine | 2014 |
Anesthetic-induced transient hyperglycemia and insulin resistance do not depend on the sympathoadrenal axis.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Adult; Anesthetics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Glucose Intolerance; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Insulin Secretion; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sympathetic Nervous System; Thiopental; Xylazine | 2013 |
Anesthetic regimes modulate the temporal dynamics of local field potential in the mouse olfactory bulb.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Brain Waves; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Odorants; Olfactory Bulb; Smell; Xylazine | 2014 |
Effects of isoflurane anesthesia on F-waves in the sciatic nerve of the adult rat.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials, Motor; H-Reflex; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sciatic Nerve; Statistics, Nonparametric; Xylazine | 2014 |
Chemical immobilisation of free-ranging Pampas foxes (Pseudalopex gymnocercus): Assessment of ketamine-xylazine and tiletamine-zolazepam combinations.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Argentina; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Chi-Square Distribution; Drug Combinations; Female; Foxes; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Respiratory Rate; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2014 |
Effect of body position on intra-abdominal pressures and abdominal perfusion pressures measured at three sites in horses anesthetized with short-term total intravenous anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Diazepam; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Posture; Pressure; Xylazine | 2014 |
Lack of respiratory coupling with neocortical and hippocampal slow oscillations.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Electroencephalography; Hippocampus; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Neocortex; Olfactory Pathways; Periodicity; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiratory Mechanics; Sleep; Urethane; Xylazine | 2014 |
Cellular registration without behavioral recall of olfactory sensory input under general anesthesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Ketamine; Male; Mental Recall; Olfactory Pathways; Olfactory Perception; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recognition, Psychology; Xylazine | 2014 |
Chemical restraint of African mole-rats (Fukomys sp.) with a combination of ketamine and xylazine.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Female; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Mole Rats; Xylazine | 2015 |
Evaluation of cardiorespiratory and biochemical effects of ketamine-propofol and guaifenesin-ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in donkeys (Equus asinus).
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Temperature; Calcium; Equidae; Expectorants; Female; Guaifenesin; Heart; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Lactates; Male; Propofol; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Respiratory Rate; Xylazine | 2014 |
Sedation agents differentially modulate cortical and subcortical blood oxygenation: evidence from ultra-high field MRI at 17.2 T.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Medetomidine; Methyl Ethers; Midazolam; Oxygen; Propofol; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sevoflurane; Xylazine | 2014 |
Influence of ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia on cubic and quadratic high-frequency distortion-product otoacoustic emissions.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Chiroptera; Cochlea; Ear, Middle; Female; Ketamine; Male; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Xylazine | 2014 |
Topically applied caffeine induces miosis in the ketamine/xylazine anesthetized rat.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Miosis; Pupil; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2014 |
Steep drop in hematocrit of sheep undergoing sedation with acepromazine-diazepam and epidural injections of ketamine, ketamine-morphine or ketamine-xylazine.
Topics: Acepromazine; Animals; Deep Sedation; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hematocrit; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Epidural; Ketamine; Morphine; Sheep; Xylazine | 2015 |
Effects of isoflurane, ketamine-xylazine and a combination of medetomidine, midazolam and fentanyl on physiological variables continuously measured by telemetry in Wistar rats.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Monitoring, Physiologic; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Telemetry; Xylazine | 2014 |
Vital signs monitoring during injectable and inhalant anesthesia in mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Butorphanol; Injections; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Mice, Inbred Strains; Midazolam; Monitoring, Physiologic; Pentobarbital; Vital Signs; Xylazine | 2015 |
Clinically relevant strategies for lowering cardiomyocyte glucose uptake for 18F-FDG imaging of myocardial inflammation in mice.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Anticoagulants; Fasting; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Glucose; Heparin; Inflammation; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocytes, Cardiac; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Xylazine | 2015 |
Influence of repeated anaesthesia on physiological parameters in male Wistar rats: a telemetric study about isoflurane, ketamine-xylazine and a combination of medetomidine, midazolam and fentanyl.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Telemetry; Xylazine | 2014 |
Spatial patterns of high-frequency oscillations in the rat cerebellar cortex.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cerebellar Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Evoked Potentials; Ketamine; Periodicity; Radio Waves; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2014 |
Repeated exposure to ketamine-xylazine during early development impairs motor learning-dependent dendritic spine plasticity in adulthood.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dendritic Spines; Female; Ketamine; Learning; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Skills; Neuronal Plasticity; Random Allocation; Xylazine | 2015 |
Bispectral index in calves anesthetized with xylazine, midazolam, ketamine, isoflurane and subjected to continuous rate infusion of lidocaine.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics; Animals; Arterial Pressure; Cattle; Consciousness; Consciousness Monitors; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infusions, Intravenous; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Midazolam; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Reproducibility of Results; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2015 |
The use of injectable alphaxalone as a single agent and in combination with ketamine, xylazine, and morphine in the Chilean rose tarantula, Grammostola rosea.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics; Animals; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Morphine; Pilot Projects; Pregnanediones; Spiders; Xylazine | 2014 |
Quantitative assessment of pupillary light reflex in normal and anesthetized dogs: a preliminary study.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Atropine; Case-Control Studies; Dogs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Reflex, Pupillary; Xylazine | 2015 |
Dose regimens, variability, and complications associated with using repeat-bolus dosing to extend a surgical plane of anesthesia in laboratory mice.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthetics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Xylazine | 2014 |
Ketamine-Xylazine Anesthesia in Rats: Intraperitoneal versus Intravenous Administration Using a Microsurgical Femoral Vein Access.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Femoral Vein; Humans; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Microsurgery; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2015 |
Anesthetic and pathological changes following high doses of ketamine and xylazine in Sprague Dawley rats.
Topics: Aging; Anesthesia; Animals; Body Temperature; Cornea; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Infusions, Parenteral; Ketamine; Male; Oxygen; Pulmonary Edema; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rectum; Reflex; Respiration; Xylazine | 2015 |
Comparison of cardiorespiratory variables in dorsally recumbent horses anesthetized with guaifenesin-ketamine-xylazine spontaneously breathing 50% or maximal oxygen concentrations.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiac Output; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Expectorants; Female; Guaifenesin; Heart Rate; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Oxygen; Posture; Respiration; Xylazine | 2015 |
Best anesthetics for assessing left ventricular systolic function by echocardiography in mice.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Ethanol; Female; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, 129 Strain; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Predictive Value of Tests; Stroke Volume; Systole; Ultrasonography; Ventricular Function, Left; Xylazine | 2015 |
Acute doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is associated with matrix metalloproteinase-2 alterations in rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiotoxicity; Doxorubicin; Echocardiography; Heart; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-10; Ketamine; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xylazine | 2015 |
A Comparative pO2 Probe and [18F]-Fluoro-Azomycinarabino-Furanoside ([18F]FAZA) PET Study Reveals Anesthesia-Induced Impairment of Oxygenation and Perfusion in Tumor and Muscle.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cell Line, Tumor; Female; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Molecular Probes; Muscles; Neoplasms; Nitroimidazoles; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Perfusion; Positron-Emission Tomography; Respiration; Systole; Xylazine | 2015 |
Direct neuronal glucose uptake heralds activity-dependent increases in cerebral metabolism.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Antimetabolites; Astrocytes; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Deoxyglucose; Functional Neuroimaging; Glucose; Hexokinase; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immunohistochemistry; Ketamine; Mice; Neurons; Physical Stimulation; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; Wakefulness; Xylazine | 2015 |
Pre-Training Reversible Inactivation of the Basal Amygdala (BA) Disrupts Contextual, but Not Auditory, Fear Conditioning, in Rats.
Topics: Animals; Basolateral Nuclear Complex; Conditioning, Classical; Fear; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2015 |
Total intravenous anaesthesia in adult mules.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Diazepam; Equidae; Female; Ketamine; Male; Xylazine | 2016 |
Assessing the Impact of Capture on Wild Animals: The Case Study of Chemical Immobilisation on Alpine Ibex.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Behavior, Animal; Female; Goats; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Reproduction; Spatial Behavior; Testosterone; Xylazine | 2015 |
Impact of Anesthesia Protocols on In Vivo Bioluminescent Bacteria Imaging Results.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Luminescent Measurements; Mice; Staphylococcus aureus; Xylazine | 2015 |
Ketamine/Xylazine-Induced Corneal Damage in Mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cornea; Corneal Opacity; Ketamine; Mice; Xylazine | 2015 |
The effects of pentobarbital, ketamine-pentobarbital and ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in a rat myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury model.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Hemodynamics; Ketamine; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Pentobarbital; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2016 |
Rod- and cone-driven responses in mice expressing human L-cone pigment.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Electroretinography; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Photic Stimulation; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Rod Opsins; Vision, Ocular; Xylazine | 2015 |
Inconsistency of allometric scaling for dissociative anesthesia of wild felids.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Body Weight; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ketamine; Models, Biological; Prospective Studies; Xylazine | 2016 |
Anesthetic Ketamine-Induced DNA Damage in Different Cell Types In Vivo.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Cells; Comet Assay; DNA Damage; Ketamine; Mice; Xylazine | 2016 |
Physiological, pharmacokinetic and liver metabolism comparisons between 3-, 6-, 12- and 18-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia.
Topics: Aging; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Blinking; Heart Rate; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Liver; Male; Oxygen; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Xylazine | 2016 |
Blood profiles in unanesthetized and anesthetized guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Blood Cell Count; Blood Chemical Analysis; Female; Guinea Pigs; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Liver; Xylazine | 2016 |
Assessment of stability of ketamine-xylazine preparations with or without acepromazine using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Antipsychotic Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Combinations; Drug Stability; Drug Storage; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Temperature; Xylazine | 2016 |
Do Anesthetic Techniques Influence the Threshold for Glomerular Capillary Hemorrhage Induced in Rats by Contrast-Enhanced Diagnostic Ultrasound?
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Capillaries; Contrast Media; Hemorrhage; Ketamine; Kidney Glomerulus; Rats; Ultrasonography; Xylazine | 2016 |
Comparison of thiopental and ketamine+xylazine anesthesia in ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Blood Pressure; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Oxygen Consumption; Rats, Wistar; Thiopental; Xylazine | 2015 |
Oleuropein attenuates cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by some anesthetic drugs in the hippocampal area of rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Antioxidants; Catalase; Cognitive Dysfunction; Glutathione Peroxidase; Hippocampus; Iridoid Glucosides; Iridoids; Ketamine; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Oxidative Stress; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spatial Memory; Superoxide Dismutase; Xylazine | 2017 |
Effects of intravenous terbutaline on heart rate, arterial pressure and blood gases in anesthetized horses breathing air.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; Anesthesia; Animals; Arterial Pressure; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Prospective Studies; Terbutaline; Xylazine | 2017 |
A novel cross-frequency coupling detection method using the generalized Morse wavelets.
Topics: Algorithms; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Computer Simulation; Corpus Striatum; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Motor Cortex; Neural Pathways; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Wavelet Analysis; Xylazine | 2016 |
Effects of Repeated Anesthesia Containing Urethane on Tumor Formation and Health Scores in Male C57BL/6J Mice.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Carcinogens; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neoplasms; Urethane; Xylazine | 2016 |
Laminar analysis of the slow wave activity in the somatosensory cortex of anesthetized rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain Waves; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Female; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Somatosensory Cortex; Xylazine | 2016 |
Dynamics of glucagon secretion in mice and rats revealed using a validated sandwich ELISA for small sample volumes.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Arginine; Chromatography, Gel; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Glucagon; Glucagon-Secreting Cells; Glucose; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Mannitol; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sweetening Agents; Xylazine | 2016 |
Use of anesthesia dramatically alters the oral glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in C57Bl/6 mice.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Glucose; Butyrophenones; Drug Combinations; Female; Fentanyl; Glucose Intolerance; Glucose Tolerance Test; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Xylazine | 2016 |
Physiological and pharmacokinetic effects of multilevel caging on Sprague Dawley rats under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Half-Life; Housing, Animal; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Xylazine | 2016 |
Systemic and Brain Pharmacokinetics of Perforin Inhibitor Prodrugs.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Female; Ketamine; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Mice; Neurons; Perforin; Pregnancy; Prodrugs; Xylazine | 2016 |
Neural response differences in the rat primary auditory cortex under anesthesia with ketamine versus the mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Auditory Cortex; Butorphanol; Electrophysiology; Flavoproteins; Hearing; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2016 |
Effects of anesthesia with isoflurane on plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone in samples obtained from the cavernous sinus and jugular vein of horses.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anesthesia; Animals; Cavernous Sinus; Horses; Isoflurane; Jugular Veins; Ketamine; Propofol; Xylazine | 2016 |
Anesthetic Activity of Alfaxalone Compared with Ketamine in Mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Combinations; Female; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pregnanediones; Random Allocation; Reflex; Xylazine | 2016 |
Aqueous Flow Measured by Fluorophotometry in the Mouse.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Anterior Chamber; Aqueous Humor; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Cornea; Ethanol; Female; Fluorescein; Fluorescent Dyes; Fluorophotometry; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Organ Size; Sulfonamides; Thiophenes; Timolol; Xylazine | 2016 |
Effect of different anesthetic agents on left ventricular systolic function assessed by echocardiography in hamsters.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Drug Combinations; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mesocricetus; Reference Values; Stroke Volume; Systole; Thiopental; Time Factors; Ventricular Function, Left; Xylazine | 2016 |
Transcranial flavoprotein-autofluorescence imaging of sound-evoked responses in the mouse auditory cortex under three types of anesthesia.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Auditory Cortex; Butorphanol; Flavoproteins; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Midazolam; Optical Imaging; Urethane; Xylazine | 2016 |
Intraperitoneal Continuous-Rate Infusion for the Maintenance of Anesthesia in Laboratory Mice (Mus musculus).
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Rate; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Xylazine | 2016 |
Effects of various types of anesthesia on hemodynamics, cardiac function, and glucose and lipid metabolism in rats.
Topics: Aldosterone; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Angiotensin II; Animals; Aorta; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Dopamine; Echocardiography; Epinephrine; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glucose; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Norepinephrine; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Renin; Renin-Angiotensin System; Triglycerides; Xylazine | 2016 |
Remote chemical immobilisation method for free-ranging Australian cattle.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Australia; Cattle; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immobilization; Ketamine; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2016 |
Subcutaneous Compared with Intraperitoneal KetamineXylazine for Anesthesia of Mice.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animal Welfare; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Female; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred ICR; Reflex; Xylazine | 2016 |
Effects of diurnal variation and anesthetic agents on intraocular pressure in Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus).
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Intraocular Pressure; Ketamine; Male; Mesocricetus; Reference Values; Tonometry, Ocular; Xylazine | 2017 |
Acute effects of general anesthesia with propofol, pentobarbital or isoflurane plus propofol on plasma metabolites and hormones in adult pigs.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Azaperone; Blood Glucose; Female; Hydrocortisone; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Insulin; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Pentobarbital; Propofol; Swine; Xylazine | 2016 |
Evaluating anesthetic protocols for functional blood flow imaging in the rat eye.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Eye; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Pentobarbital; Rats; Regional Blood Flow; Retina; Vecuronium Bromide; Xylazine | 2017 |
Ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia and orofacial administration of substance P: A lethal combination in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Edema; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Models, Animal; Piperidines; Quinuclidines; Rats, Wistar; Substance P; Xylazine | 2017 |
Effect of the α
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Horses; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Microsomes, Liver; Stereoisomerism; Xylazine | 2017 |
Cytotoxicity of ketamine, xylazine and Hellabrunn mixture in liver-, heart- and kidney-derived cells from fallow deer.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cytotoxins; Deer; Heart; Ketamine; Kidney; Liver; Toxicity Tests; Xylazine | 2016 |
Comparison of two sedation protocols for short electroretinography in cats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cats; Dexmedetomidine; Electroretinography; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Xylazine | 2018 |
Retroauricular Approach for Targeted Cochlear Therapy Experiments in Wistar Albino Rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Blister; Cochlea; Hearing Loss; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Turkey; Xylazine | 2017 |
Anesthesia-inducing drugs also induce conditioned taste aversions.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Psychological; Food Preferences; Ketamine; Male; Motor Activity; Pentobarbital; Psychotropic Drugs; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tongue; Xylazine | 2017 |
Measurement of intraocular pressure in healthy anesthetized horses during hoisting.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Elective Surgical Procedures; Horses; Intraocular Pressure; Ketamine; Moving and Lifting Patients; Preanesthetic Medication; Prospective Studies; Tonometry, Ocular; Xylazine | 2017 |
Cardiopulmonary effects of pleural insufflation with CO
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiac Output; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Insufflation; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Lactic Acid; Male; Patient Positioning; Pleura; Positive-Pressure Respiration; Propofol; Prospective Studies; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory Dead Space; Stroke Volume; Xylazine | 2017 |
Isoflurane and ketamine:xylazine differentially affect intraocular pressure-associated scotopic threshold responses in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Dark Adaptation; Electroretinography; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Intraocular Pressure; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Night Vision; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retina; Sensory Thresholds; Xylazine | 2017 |
Pharmacological properties of various anesthetic protocols in 10-day-old neonatal rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Butorphanol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hypothermia; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Methyl Ethers; Midazolam; Pregnancy; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiratory Insufficiency; Sevoflurane; Xylazine | 2017 |
Differential Intraocular Pressure Measurements by Tonometry and Direct Cannulation After Treatment with Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors.
Topics: Acepromazine; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Anesthetics; Animals; Anterior Chamber; Catheterization; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Intraocular Pressure; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Tonometry, Ocular; Xylazine | 2017 |
Chemical Immobilization of Free-ranging Yellow Armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) for Implantation of Intra-abdominal Transmitters.
Topics: Abdomen; Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Analgesics; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Animals; Animals, Wild; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Armadillos; Atropine; Body Temperature; Brazil; Female; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Prostheses and Implants; Respiratory Rate; Time Factors; Xylazine | 2017 |
The Lymphotoxin
Topics: Animals; GTP-Binding Proteins; Immunity, Innate; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; Ketamine; Lymphotoxin beta Receptor; Mice; Nitrogen Oxides; Protein Binding; Signal Transduction; Toxoplasma; Up-Regulation; Xylazine | 2017 |
Anesthetic effects and body weight changes associated with ketamine-xylazine-lidocaine administered to CD-1 mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Body Weight; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Male; Mice; Movement; Prospective Studies; Random Allocation; Reflex; Xylazine | 2017 |
Guaiphenesin-ketamine-xylazine infusion to maintain anesthesia in mules undergoing field castration.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Equidae; Expectorants; Guaifenesin; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Orchiectomy; Xylazine | 2017 |
Region-specific alterations in astrocyte and microglia morphology following exposure to blasts in the mouse hippocampus.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Astrocytes; Blast Injuries; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Disease Models, Animal; Hippocampus; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microglia; Xylazine | 2018 |
Electrocardiographic and Blood Pressure Measurements in Captive African Lions (Panthera leo) Immobilized with Xylazine-Ketamine Combination.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Lions; Male; Xylazine | 2017 |
Long-term anesthetic protocol in rats: feasibility in electrophysiology studies in visual prosthesis.
Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Animals; Biomedical Research; Brain; Clinical Protocols; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Feasibility Studies; Female; Femur; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Retina; Visual Prosthesis; Xylazine | 2018 |
Challenging anaesthetic management of captive reindeer (Rangifer tarandus): Report of 4 cases.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Horns; Ketamine; Male; Reindeer; Xylazine | 2017 |
Analysis of ketamine and xylazine in complex matrices using two-dimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Ketamine; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Reproducibility of Results; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Xylazine | 2018 |
The Expression of Lipoprotein Receptors Is Increased in the Infarcted Area After Myocardial Infarction Induced in Rats With Cardiac Dysfunction.
Topics: Animals; Gene Expression Profiling; Ketamine; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Lipoprotein; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; Xylazine | 2018 |
The validity of anesthetic protocols for the surgical procedure of castration in rats.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animal Experimentation; Animals; Bradycardia; Butorphanol; Castration; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Hypothermia; Injections; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Methyl Ethers; Midazolam; Rats, Wistar; Sevoflurane; Xylazine | 2018 |
ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA IN TWO TIBETAN YAK BULLS ( BOS GRUNNIENS) AS A COMPLICATION OF KETAMINE-XYLAZINE-BUTORPHANOL ANESTHESIA FOR RECUMBENT CASTRATION.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Butorphanol; Ketamine; Male; Orchiectomy; Pneumonia, Aspiration; Postoperative Complications; Xylazine | 2018 |
THE USE OF KETAMINE-XYLAZINE OR BUTORPHANOL-AZAPERONE-MEDETOMIDINE TO IMMOBILIZE AMERICAN BLACK BEARS ( URSUS AMERICANUS).
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Azaperone; Butorphanol; Drug Combinations; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immobilization; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Ursidae; Xylazine | 2018 |
Mouse fMRI under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia: Robust contralateral somatosensory cortex activation in response to forepaw stimulation.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Electric Stimulation; Forelimb; Functional Neuroimaging; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Animal; Optical Imaging; Somatosensory Cortex; Xylazine | 2018 |
Comparison of oscillometric, Doppler and invasive blood pressure measurement in anesthetized goats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Arterial Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination; Female; Goats; Ketamine; Male; Oscillometry; Ultrasonography, Doppler; Xylazine | 2018 |
Total intravenous anesthesia using a midazolam-ketamine-xylazine infusion in horses: 46 cases (2011-2014).
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Horse Diseases; Horses; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Midazolam; Retrospective Studies; Xylazine | 2018 |
Synergy between chemical permeation enhancers and drug permeation across the tympanic membrane.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bupivacaine; Chinchilla; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Synergism; Humans; Hydrogels; Ketamine; Limonene; Male; Pentobarbital; Permeability; Polymerization; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Tympanic Membrane; Xylazine | 2018 |
Effect of perioperative lidocaine on metastasis after sevoflurane or ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia for breast tumour resection in a murine model.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cytokines; Female; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Lung Neoplasms; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Sevoflurane; Xylazine | 2018 |
Evaluation of anaesthesia and analgesia quality during disbudding of goat kids by certified Swiss farmers.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Anesthesia; Animals; Female; Goats; Horns; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Switzerland; Xylazine | 2018 |
Impact of repeated anesthesia with ketamine and xylazine on the well-being of C57BL/6JRj mice.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Corticosterone; Female; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Stress, Psychological; Xylazine | 2018 |
Toward Higher Sensitivity in Quantitative MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry of CNS Drugs Using a Nonpolar Matrix.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Calibration; Central Nervous System Agents; Clonidine; Clozapine; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Imipramine; Ketamine; Limit of Detection; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nitriles; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Xylazine | 2018 |
Faster emergence behavior from ketamine/xylazine anesthesia with atipamezole versus yohimbine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Anesthesiology; Animals; Area Under Curve; Behavior, Animal; Female; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Skills; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; Respiration; Time Factors; Wakefulness; Xylazine; Yohimbine | 2018 |
Effects of ketamine/xylazine and isoflurane on rat brain glucose metabolism measured by
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Brain; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Glucose; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Positron-Emission Tomography; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2019 |
IMMOBILIZING MUSKOX ( OVIBOS MOSCHATUS) UNDER HIGH ARCTIC CONDITIONS.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Arctic Regions; Etorphine; Female; Greenland; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immobilization; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Ruminants; Xylazine | 2018 |
Validation of the xylazine/ketamine anesthesia test as a predictor of the emetic potential of pharmacological compounds in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Time Factors; Vomiting; Xylazine | 2019 |
Differential effects of anaesthesia on the contractility of lymphatic vessels in vivo.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Female; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Lymphatic Vessels; Medetomidine; Mice, Transgenic; Pentobarbital; Xylazine | 2019 |
Evaluation of Tramadol-Midazolam-Ketamine Anaesthesia in Rabbits.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Midazolam; Pain; Rabbits; Tramadol; Xylazine | 2018 |
Anesthesia may alter mRNA expression of certain wound healing-associated genes in dermal wound environment of the rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Gene Expression; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Thiopental; Transcriptome; Wound Healing; Xylazine | 2019 |
Mouse BOLD fMRI at ultrahigh field detects somatosensory networks including thalamic nuclei.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Brain Mapping; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Somatosensory Cortex; Thalamic Nuclei; Xylazine | 2019 |
Rapid untargeted screening for drug residues in animal tissues with liquid microjunction surface sampling probe mass spectrometry.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Clonixin; Dogs; Drug Residues; Horses; Ketamine; Kidney; Liver; Mass Spectrometry; Pentobarbital; Software; Spleen; Surface Properties; Swine; Tylosin; Xylazine | 2019 |
Investigation of the Effects of Spinal Dexamethasone Injection as a Premedication in Rabbit Anesthesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Dexamethasone; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Spinal; Ketamine; Male; Neuromuscular Agents; Premedication; Rabbits; Xylazine | 2019 |
Effects of an anesthetic mixture of medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol and antagonism by atipamezole in rabbits.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Butorphanol; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Imidazoles; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Rabbits; Xylazine | 2019 |
Evaluation and in vivo efficacy study of pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline analogues as TNF-α inhibitors.
Topics: Animals; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; Humans; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; Nitriles; Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors; Phosphorylation; Proteolysis; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; U937 Cells; Xylazine | 2019 |
Measuring the middle-ear reflex: A quantitative method to assess effects of industrial solvents on central auditory pathways.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Auditory Pathways; Cochlea; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ear, Middle; Ketamine; Male; Noise; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Reflex, Acoustic; Solvents; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xylazine | 2019 |
Prolonged ocular exposure leads to retinal lesions in mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Biomarkers; Color Vision; Electroretinography; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Immunohistochemistry; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mydriatics; Night Vision; Ophthalmoscopy; Pentobarbital; Retina; Retinal Diseases; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Xylazine | 2019 |
Evaluation of Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Donkeys (Equus asinus) Premedicated With Xylazine and Induced With Thiopental.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Equidae; Ketamine; Male; Sevoflurane; Thiopental; Xylazine | 2019 |
Combination of ketamine and xylazine with opioids and acepromazine in rats: Physiological changes and their analgesic effect analysed by ultrasonic vocalization.
Topics: Acepromazine; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Combinations; Female; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Ultrasonic Waves; Vocalization, Animal; Xylazine | 2020 |
Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm Associated With Isoflurane Administration in a Foal: A Case Report.
Topics: Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm; Animals; Electrocardiography; Female; Horses; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Xylazine | 2019 |
Effect of Anesthesia on Intraocular Pressure Measured With Continuous Wireless Telemetry in Nonhuman Primates.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Dexmedetomidine; Intraocular Pressure; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Macaca mulatta; Male; Telemetry; Tonometry, Ocular; Xylazine | 2019 |
Nerve excitability differences in slow and fast motor axons of the rat: more than just
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Female; Ketamine; Motor Neurons; Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch; Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch; Peripheral Nerves; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channels; Xylazine | 2019 |
Basolateral amygdala - nucleus accumbens circuitry regulates optimal cue-guided risk/reward decision making.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Basolateral Nuclear Complex; Conditioning, Operant; Cues; Decision Making; Discrimination, Psychological; Gambling; Ketamine; Male; Nerve Net; Nucleus Accumbens; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reward; Risk-Taking; Xylazine | 2020 |
A comparative study of the cardiopulmonary and sedative effects of a single intramuscular dose of ketamine anesthetic combinations in rabbits.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics; Animals; Arterial Pressure; Cross-Over Studies; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Combinations; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypoxia; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Prospective Studies; Rabbits; Respiratory Rate; Xylazine | 2020 |
Oxygen inhalation improves postoperative survival in ketamine-xylazine anaesthetised rats: An observational study.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Ketamine; Male; Oxygen; Postoperative Care; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2019 |
Tau hyperphosphorylation induced by the anesthetic agent ketamine/xylazine involved the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Ketamine; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Phosphorylation; tau Proteins; Xylazine | 2020 |
Distinctive effect of anesthetics on the effect of limb remote ischemic postconditioning following ischemic stroke.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthetics; Animals; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Extremities; Halothane; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Postconditioning; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Reperfusion Injury; Rotarod Performance Test; Stroke; Xylazine | 2020 |
Continuous Rate Infusion of Alfaxalone during Ketamine-Xylazine Anesthesia in Rats.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Laboratory Animal Science; Male; Pregnanediones; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiratory Rate; Xylazine | 2020 |
Multimodal imaging reveals transient liver metabolic disturbance and sinusoidal circulation obstruction after a single administration of ketamine/xylazine mixture.
Topics: Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Ketamine; Liver; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Positron-Emission Tomography; Xylazine | 2020 |
Efficacy comparison of intraperitoneal anaesthesia and post-operative analgesia regimens in laboratory rats.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fentanyl; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2020 |
Different Reactions of Zebra Finches and Bengalese Finches to a Three-Component Mixture of Anesthetics.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Butorphanol; Female; Finches; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Imidazoles; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Xylazine | 2020 |
The Effect of Anesthetic Regimens on Intestinal Absorption of Passively Absorbed Drugs in Rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Butorphanol; Corticosterone; Intestinal Absorption; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xylazine | 2020 |
Recurrent circuitry is required to stabilize piriform cortex odor representations across brain states.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Ketamine; Mice; Odorants; Olfactory Bulb; Olfactory Pathways; Piriform Cortex; Synapses; Xylazine | 2020 |
A Comparison of Ketamine or Etomidate Combined with Xylazine for Intraperitoneal Anesthesia in Four Mouse Strains.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etomidate; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketamine; Laboratory Animal Science; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Respiratory Rate; Xylazine | 2020 |
Ketamine/xylazine and barbiturates modulate microglial morphology and motility differently in a mouse model.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Cell Movement; GABA Modulators; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microglia; Pentobarbital; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Thiopental; Xylazine | 2020 |
The effect of different anaesthetics on echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic dysfunction in a heart failure with preserved ejection fraction model.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Diastole; Echocardiography; Heart Failure; Heart Rate; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Obesity; Rats; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; Xylazine | 2020 |
Ketamine/Xylazine Anesthesia-Related Corneal Lesions in Rats With Surgically Implanted Venous Catheters Utilized in Nonclinical Intravenous Studies.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Catheterization; Catheters; Humans; Ketamine; Rats; Xylazine | 2021 |
Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation Intensity Dependently Facilitates Motor-Evoked Potentials Following Focal Electrical Stimulation of the Rat Motor Cortex.
Topics: Animals; Butorphanol; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials, Motor; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Medetomidine; Midazolam; Models, Animal; Motor Cortex; Neural Inhibition; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Xylazine | 2020 |
Plasma histamine concentrations in horses administered sodium penicillin, guaifenesin-xylazine-ketamine and isoflurane with morphine or butorphanol.
Topics: Animals; Butorphanol; Guaifenesin; Histamine; Horses; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Morphine; Penicillin G; Prospective Studies; Xylazine | 2021 |
Alprostadil alleviates liver injury in septic rats via TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
Topics: Alprostadil; Animals; Ketamine; Liver; Male; NF-kappa B; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sepsis; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Xylazine | 2021 |
Network and synaptic mechanisms underlying high frequency oscillations in the rat and cat olfactory bulb under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cats; Humans; Ketamine; Neurons; Olfactory Bulb; Rats; Synapses; Xylazine | 2021 |
Anesthetics fragment hippocampal network activity, alter spine dynamics, and affect memory consolidation.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Female; Fentanyl; Hippocampus; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Medetomidine; Memory Consolidation; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Midazolam; Nerve Net; Spine; Xylazine | 2021 |
Physiologic and blood gas effects of xylazine-ketamine versus xylazine-tiletamine-zolazepam immobilization of white-tailed deer before and after oxygen supplementation: a preliminary study.
Topics: Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Deer; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Ketamine; Oxygen; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2021 |
Ketamine and xylazine effects in murine model of acute pancreatitis.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Atropine; Autophagy; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Treatment Outcome; Xylazine | 2021 |
Characterization of brain-wide somatosensory BOLD fMRI in mice under dexmedetomidine/isoflurane and ketamine/xylazine.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Animals; Brain; Dexmedetomidine; Functional Neuroimaging; Infusions, Intravenous; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Somatosensory Cortex; Xylazine | 2021 |
Dataset of cortical activity recorded with high spatial resolution from anesthetized rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Animals; Brain Waves; Female; Ketamine; Memory Consolidation; Neocortex; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sleep; Xylazine | 2021 |
Esketamine may be an ideal substitute for ketamine during cochlear function measurement.
Topics: Animals; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Ketamine; Mice; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Xylazine | 2021 |
Anesthesia can alter the levels of corticosterone and the phosphorylation of signaling molecules.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Corticosterone; Ketamine; Phosphorylation; Xylazine | 2021 |
Anaesthesia-Induced Transcriptomic Changes in the Context of Renal Ischemia Uncovered by the Use of a Novel Clamping Device.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Ketamine; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Male; Mice; Reperfusion Injury; Transcriptome; Xylazine | 2021 |
Ketamine-xylazine anesthesia depth affects auditory neuronal responses in the lateral superior olive complex of the gerbil.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, General; Animals; Auditory Perception; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Female; Gerbillinae; Ketamine; Male; Superior Olivary Complex; Xylazine | 2021 |
A new anesthetic protocol to medullary nerve roots access in rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Female; Ketamine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2021 |
Histomorphometric comparison of the corpus cavernosum of rats submitted to euthanasia with ketamine and xylazine or isoflurane.
Topics: Animals; Elastic Tissue; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Penis; Rats; Xylazine | 2021 |
Minimally invasive protocols and quantification for microglia-mediated perineuronal net disassembly in mouse brain.
Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Ketamine; Light; Lysosomes; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microglia; Nerve Net; Xylazine | 2021 |
Anesthesia protocol for ear surgery in Wistar rats (animal research).
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animal Experimentation; Animals; Body Weight; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2022 |
Pharmacokinetics of metamizole (dipyrone) as an add-on in calves undergoing umbilical surgery.
Topics: Ampyrone; Analgesics; Animals; Cattle; Dipyrone; Ketamine; Xylazine | 2022 |
Vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-gas chromatography (VADLLME-GC) determination of residual ketamine, nimetazepam, and xylazine from drug-spiked beverages appearing in liquid, droplet, and dry forms.
Topics: Beverages; Chromatography, Gas; Ketamine; Limit of Detection; Liquid Phase Microextraction; Nitrazepam; Xylazine | 2022 |
Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine Derivatives; Body Weight; Intubation, Intratracheal; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oxygen; Xylazine | 2022 |
Assessing ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath diameter in animal model with anesthesia regimens.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Ketamine; Optic Nerve; Propofol; Swine; Thiopental; Xylazine | 2022 |
THE effect of general anesthetics on genetic absence epilepsy in WAG/Rij rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, General; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Chloral Hydrate; Dexmedetomidine; Epilepsy, Absence; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Pentobarbital; Rats; Urethane; Xylazine | 2022 |
Explore the molecular mechanism of angle-closure glaucoma in elderly patients induced telomere shortening of retinal ganglion cells through oxidative stress.
Topics: Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Disease Models, Animal; Fluorescent Dyes; Glaucoma; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Intraocular Pressure; Ketamine; Mice; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Telomerase; Telomere Shortening; Xylazine | 2022 |
Comparison of cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of ketamine-midazolam-xylazine-sufentanil and tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine in miniature pigs.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Drug Combinations; Ketamine; Midazolam; Sufentanil; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Zolazepam | 2022 |
Use of Ketamine or Xylazine to Provide Balanced Anesthesia with Isoflurane in C57BL/6J Mice.
Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Balanced Anesthesia; Crystalloid Solutions; Female; Hypovolemia; Hypoxia; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oxygen; Xylazine | 2022 |
Evaluation of Active Warming and Surgical Draping for Perioperative Thermal Support in Laboratory Mice.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Hypothermia; Ketamine; Mice; Plastics; Water; Xylazine | 2022 |
The impacts of anesthetic regimens on the middle cerebral artery occlusion outcomes in male rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Stroke; Xylazine | 2022 |
Optimisation of ketamine-xylazine anaesthetic dose and its association with changes in the dendritic spine of CA1 hippocampus in the young and old male and female Wistar rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Dendritic Spines; Female; Hippocampus; Ketamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xylazine | 2022 |
Classical heart rate variability and nonlinear heart rate analysis in mice under Napentobarbital and ketamine/xylazine anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Electrocardiography; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Pentobarbital; Xylazine | 2022 |
Comparison of ketamine/xylazine and isoflurane anesthesia on the establishment of mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Xylazine | 2023 |
Sixty seconds on . . . xylazine.
Topics: Heart Rate; Humans; Ketamine; Xylazine | 2023 |
A fast and simple protocol to anaesthesia in chicken embryos.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Ketamine; Midazolam; Morphine Derivatives; Xylazine | 2023 |
Basic physiological effects of ketamine-xylazine mixture as a general anesthetic preparation for rodent surgeries.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Ketamine; Oxygen; Rats; Rodentia; Xylazine | 2023 |
[Sole abscess (Pododermatitis purulenta superficialis) in a Bactrian camel - diagnosis, treatment, and healing process].
Topics: Abscess; Animals; Camelus; Female; Ketamine; Xylazine | 2023 |
High-resolution structural and functional retinal imaging in the awake behaving mouse.
Topics: Animals; Diagnostic Imaging; Ketamine; Mammals; Mice; Retina; Wakefulness; Xylazine | 2023 |
Optimizing anesthesia and delivery approaches for dosing into lungs of mice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Lung; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Reproducibility of Results; Xylazine | 2023 |
The state of brain activity modulates cerebrospinal fluid transport.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Brain; Ketamine; Mice; Sleep; Xylazine | 2023 |
Integrating public health and translational basic science to address challenges of xylazine adulteration of fentanyl.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Fentanyl; Ketamine; Public Health; Xylazine | 2024 |
The emerging fentanyl-xylazine syndemic in the USA: challenges and future directions.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Fentanyl; Humans; Ketamine; Syndemic; Xylazine | 2023 |
Xylazine in the drug supply: A research agenda.
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Xylazine | 2023 |
Immunomodulatory and pro-oncologic effects of ketamine and isoflurane anesthetics in a murine model.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Immunity; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Xylazine | 2023 |
The effects of repeated doses of xylazine-ketamine and medetomidineketamine anesthesia on DNA damage in the liver and kidney.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; DNA Damage; Ketamine; Kidney; Liver; Medetomidine; Rats; Xylazine | 2023 |