vitamin b 6 has been researched along with choline in 41 studies
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 6 (14.63) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 7 (17.07) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 24 (58.54) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 4 (9.76) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
BOLL, WG | 1 |
ALTIERI, A; SORRENTINO, F | 1 |
SALEMI, N; SCHULZE, G | 1 |
RUDENSKAIA, IN | 1 |
Bleie, Ø; Holm, PI; Lien, EA; Nordrehaug, JE; Nygård, O; Refsum, H; Ueland, PM | 1 |
DOMOKOS, J; KELEMEN, E | 1 |
DITTRICH, H; SCHMID, S | 1 |
Blom, HJ; den Heijer, M; Holm, PI; Keijzer, MB; Midttun, Ø; Ueland, PM; Vollset, SE | 1 |
Grotmol, T; Holm, PI; Hustad, S; Schneede, J; Ueland, PM; Vollset, SE | 1 |
Cho, E; Hankinson, SE; Holmes, M; Willett, WC | 1 |
Carmichael, SL; Correa, A; Olney, RS; Shaw, GM; Yang, W | 1 |
Cantoral, A; Chen, J; Galván-Portillo, MV; Hernandez-Ramirez, RU; Herrera-Goepfert, R; López-Carrillo, L; Oñate-Ocaña, LF; Palma-Coca, O; Torres-Sanchez, L | 1 |
Bergh, A; Hallmans, G; Hultdin, J; Johansson, M; Key, T; Midttun, O; Stattin, P; Ueland, PM; Van Guelpen, B; Vollset, SE | 1 |
Cho, E; Dougherty, L; Giovannucci, E; Jacques, PF; Lee, JE; Selhub, J; Zeisel, SH | 1 |
Adriaenssens, T; Anckaert, E; Romero, S; Smitz, J | 1 |
Böhlke, M; Broersen, LM; Hageman, RJ; Kamphuis, PJ; Maher, TJ; van Wijk, N; Watkins, CJ; Wurtman, RJ | 1 |
Carducci, MA; Herman, JG; Shabbeer, S; Simons, BW; Williams, SA | 1 |
Allen, LH | 1 |
Esashi, T; Hanai, M | 1 |
Eggersdorfer, M; Kraemer, K; Schaumberg, DA; Semba, RD | 1 |
De Vivo, I; Giovannucci, E; Hankinson, SE; Liu, JJ; Prescott, J; Rosner, B | 1 |
Delaney, C; Hewagama, A; Hoeltzel, MF; Johnson, K; Mickelson, B; Richardson, BC; Sawalha, AH; Strickland, FM; Wu, A; Yung, R | 1 |
Cole, D; Cox, SE; da Costa, KA; Dominguez-Salas, P; Dyer, RA; Fulford, AJ; Hennig, BJ; Innis, SM; Moore, SE; Prentice, AM; Waterland, RA; Zeisel, SH | 1 |
Aguiar, S; de Carvalho, AM; Ferrari, A; Marchioni, DM; Steluti, J; Teixeira, J | 1 |
Berge, RK; Bjørndal, B; Lysne, V; Nordrehaug, JE; Nygård, O; Skorve, J; Vik, R | 1 |
Hoeflich, A; Muráni, E; Nuchchanart, W; Oster, M; Ponsuksili, S; Trakooljul, N; Wimmers, K; Wirthgen, E; Zeyner, A | 1 |
Bodis, M; Geisel, J; Herrmann, M; Herrmann, W; Hübner, U; Kirsch, SH; Laufs, U; Pusceddu, I; Wagenpfeil, S; Werner, C; Widmann, T | 1 |
Chen, Y; Hong, Y; Wang, W; Xiao, Z; Yu, L | 1 |
Aylsworth, AS; Botto, LD; Carmichael, SL; Correa, A; Gilboa, SM; Langlois, PH; Luben, TJ; Nembhard, WN; Olshan, AF; Richmond-Bryant, J; Shaw, GM; Stingone, JA | 1 |
Attia, JR; Butler, T; Chan, EC; Collins, CE; Evans, TJ; Hure, AJ; Mossman, D; Smith, R; Smith, T; Taylor, RM; Wong-Brown, MW | 1 |
Ray, D; Richardson, BC; Strickland, FM | 1 |
Barzilay, E; Berger, H; Caudill, MA; Croxford, R; Kim, YI; Ly, A; Malysheva, O; Masih, SP; Moon, A; O'Connor, DL; Plumptre, L; Sohn, KJ; Visentin, CE | 1 |
Bassett, JK; Brinkman, MT; Buchanan, DD; Chamberlain, JA; Dugué, PA; English, DR; Giles, GG; Hodge, AM; Hopper, JL; Joo, JE; Jung, CH; Makalic, E; Milne, RL; Schmidt, DF; Southey, MC | 1 |
Collins, CE; Evans, TJ; Hure, AJ; Smith, R; Taylor, RM | 1 |
Arima, H; Fujii, T; Izu, H; Yamashita, S | 1 |
Crider, KS; Mitchell, AA; Parker, SE; Petersen, JM; Tinker, SC; Werler, MM | 1 |
Goyal, A; Gupta, JK; Narayan Yadav, H; Qureshi, SS | 1 |
Bergamini, C; Capelli, I; Cappuccilli, M; Cianciolo, G; Conte, D; Donati, G; Giacomelli, FA; La Manna, G; Natali, T | 1 |
Bo, Y; Cao, Y; Dou, W; Duan, D; Fu, W; Liu, Y; Lyu, Q; Ma, S; Zeng, F; Zhao, X | 1 |
Carmichael, SL; Darling, AM; Desrosiers, TA; Nestoridi, E; Parker, SE; Petersen, JM; Politis, MD; Shaw, GM; Smith-Webb, RS; Werler, MM; Yazdy, MM | 1 |
Buckley, D; de Vries, MM; Hasken, JM; Kalberg, WO; Marais, AS; May, PA; Parry, CDH; Seedat, S | 1 |
2 review(s) available for vitamin b 6 and choline
Article | Year |
---|---|
B vitamins in breast milk: relative importance of maternal status and intake, and effects on infant status and function.
Topics: Breast Feeding; Choline; Dietary Supplements; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Infant; Lactation; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Milk, Human; Nutritional Status; Riboflavin; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin B Deficiency | 2012 |
Vitamin B Supplementation and Nutritional Intake of Methyl Donors in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Critical Review of the Impact on Epigenetic Machinery.
Topics: Betaine; Cardiovascular Diseases; Choline; Dietary Supplements; DNA Methylation; Eating; Epigenesis, Genetic; Folic Acid; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Methionine; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Uremia; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2020 |
2 trial(s) available for vitamin b 6 and choline
Article | Year |
---|---|
Betaine as a determinant of postmethionine load total plasma homocysteine before and after B-vitamin supplementation.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaine; Choline; Coronary Angiography; Dietary Supplements; Drug Administration Schedule; Fasting; Female; Folic Acid; Follow-Up Studies; Homocysteine; Humans; Male; Methionine; Methyltransferases; Middle Aged; Sarcosine; Sex Factors; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex | 2004 |
One-carbon metabolites and telomere length in a prospective and randomized study of B- and/or D-vitamin supplementation.
Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Calcium Carbonate; Carbon; Choline; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Male; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Methylmalonic Acid; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Sarcosine; Telomere; Telomere Homeostasis; Tetrahydrofolates; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin D | 2017 |
37 other study(ies) available for vitamin b 6 and choline
Article | Year |
---|---|
The role of vitamin B6 and the biosynthesis of choline in the excised tomato root.
Topics: Amino Acids; Biochemical Phenomena; Choline; Solanum lycopersicum; Vitamin B 6 | 1954 |
[Use of a new preparation in acute and chronic kidney diseases, acute renal insufficiency and toxic states].
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Choline; Hormones; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Parathyroid Glands; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Testosterone; Vitamin B 6 | 1958 |
[On the effect of vitamin B6, combinations of vitamins A and E and combinations of vitamins A, E and B6 on lipids in the liver and blood of normal rats and rats fed a choline-deficient diet].
Topics: Animals; Choline; Choline Deficiency; Diet; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Liver; Rats; Vitamin A; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin E; Vitamins | 1961 |
[Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of some methods of treatment of Botkin's disease in children].
Topics: Child; Choline; Corrinoids; Glucose; Hepatitis; Hepatitis A; Humans; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex | 1962 |
[Clinical and animal experiments on the prevention of vomiting and of bone marrow damage due to nitrogen mustard by the use of pyridoxine and choline, respectively].
Topics: Animal Experimentation; Animals; Biomedical Research; Bone Marrow; Choline; Humans; Mechlorethamine; Nitrogen Mustard Compounds; Pyridoxine; Vitamin B 6; Vomiting | 1950 |
[Treatment of toxic granulocytopenia].
Topics: Agranulocytosis; Choline; Folic Acid; Humans; Vitamin B 6 | 1950 |
Betaine and folate status as cooperative determinants of plasma homocysteine in humans.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Betaine; Choline; Creatinine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fasting; Female; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Male; Methionine; Middle Aged; Sarcosine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2005 |
Modulation of the homocysteine-betaine relationship by methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C->t genotypes and B-vitamin status in a large-scale epidemiological study.
Topics: Betaine; Choline; Female; Folic Acid; Genotype; Homocysteine; Humans; Male; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamins | 2007 |
Nutrients involved in one-carbon metabolism and risk of breast cancer among premenopausal women.
Topics: Adult; Betaine; Breast Neoplasms; Choline; Diet; Female; Food; Humans; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Methionine; Middle Aged; Premenopause; Pteroylpolyglutamic Acids; Risk Factors; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2007 |
Hypospadias and intake of nutrients related to one-carbon metabolism.
Topics: Carbon; Choline; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Hypospadias; Infant, Newborn; Male; Methionine; Pregnancy; Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Riboflavin; Thiamine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Zinc | 2009 |
Gastric cancer in relation to the intake of nutrients involved in one-carbon metabolism among MTHFR 677 TT carriers.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Case-Control Studies; Choline; Diet; DNA Methylation; Female; Folic Acid; Genotype; Humans; Male; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Mexico; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Risk Factors; Stomach Neoplasms; Vitamin B 6 | 2009 |
One-carbon metabolism and prostate cancer risk: prospective investigation of seven circulating B vitamins and metabolites.
Topics: Adult; Betaine; Case-Control Studies; Chi-Square Distribution; Choline; Cysteine; Humans; Male; Methionine; Methylmalonic Acid; Middle Aged; One-Carbon Group Transferases; Prospective Studies; Prostatic Neoplasms; Registries; Riboflavin; Statistics, Nonparametric; Sweden; Vitamin B 6 | 2009 |
Are dietary choline and betaine intakes determinants of total homocysteine concentration?
Topics: Betaine; Cardiovascular Diseases; Choline; Cognition Disorders; Diet; Female; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Male; Methionine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2010 |
Effects of low methyl donor levels in culture medium during mouse follicle culture on oocyte imprinting establishment.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Culture Media; DNA Methylation; Female; Folic Acid; Genomic Imprinting; Methionine; Mice; Oocytes; Ovarian Follicle; Radioimmunoassay; Receptor, IGF Type 2; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Long Noncoding; RNA, Untranslated; snRNP Core Proteins; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2010 |
Plasma choline concentration varies with different dietary levels of vitamins B6, B12 and folic acid in rats maintained on choline-adequate diets.
Topics: Animals; Biological Availability; Choline; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Male; Methylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin B Deficiency | 2012 |
Progression of prostate carcinogenesis and dietary methyl donors: temporal dependence.
Topics: Animals; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Azacitidine; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Choline; Decitabine; Diet; Disease Progression; DNA Methylation; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Male; Methionine; Mice; Mice, Nude; Prostatic Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Vitamin B 6 | 2012 |
The interactive effect of dietary water-soluble vitamin levels on the depression of gonadal development in growing male rats kept under disturbed daily rhythm.
Topics: Animals; Biotin; Body Weight; Choline; Chronobiology Disorders; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Folic Acid; Male; Niacin; Organ Size; Pantothenic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Riboflavin; Testis; Thiamine; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamins | 2012 |
Introduction: the diverse and essential biological functions of vitamins.
Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Biotin; Choline; Folic Acid; Humans; Niacin; Nutritional Requirements; Pantothenic Acid; Riboflavin; Thiamine; Vitamin A; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamin K; Vitamins | 2012 |
One-carbon metabolism factors and leukocyte telomere length.
Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Carbon; Choline; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; DNA; DNA Methylation; Ethanol; Folic Acid; Genotype; Humans; Leukocytes; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Methionine; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Nutritional Status; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Surveys and Questionnaires; Telomere; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex | 2013 |
Diet influences expression of autoimmune-associated genes and disease severity by epigenetic mechanisms in a transgenic mouse model of lupus.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Betaine; CD40 Ligand; Choline; Coenzymes; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; Folic Acid; Gene Silencing; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Methionine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Micronutrients; Riboflavin; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Zinc | 2013 |
DNA methylation potential: dietary intake and blood concentrations of one-carbon metabolites and cofactors in rural African women.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Betaine; Biomarkers; Choline; Cysteine; Diet; Diet Records; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats; Dietary Proteins; DNA Methylation; Feeding Behavior; Female; Folic Acid; Gambia; Homocysteine; Humans; Linear Models; Methionine; Middle Aged; Nutrition Assessment; Prospective Studies; Riboflavin; Rural Population; S-Adenosylhomocysteine; S-Adenosylmethionine; Sarcosine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Young Adult | 2013 |
Folate and nutrients involved in the 1-carbon cycle in the pretreatment of patients for colorectal cancer.
Topics: Aged; Brazil; Carbon Cycle; Choline; Colorectal Neoplasms; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Dietary Supplements; Energy Intake; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Riboflavin; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2015 |
A Protein Extract from Chicken Reduces Plasma Homocysteine in Rats.
Topics: 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase; Animals; Betaine; Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase; Caseins; Chickens; Choline; Cystathionine gamma-Lyase; Cysteine; Dietary Proteins; Folic Acid; Glycine; Homocysteine; Liver; Male; Meat; Methionine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Riboflavin; RNA, Messenger; Sarcosine; Serine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2015 |
Methylating micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy influences foetal hepatic gene expression and IGF signalling and increases foetal weight.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Choline; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Female; Fetal Development; Fetal Weight; Fetus; Folic Acid; Gene Expression; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; Liver; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Methionine; Micronutrients; Muscle, Skeletal; Pregnancy; Signal Transduction; Swine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2016 |
Multi-Vitamin B Supplementation Reverses Hypoxia-Induced Tau Hyperphosphorylation and Improves Memory Function in Adult Mice.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Folic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Hippocampus; Homocysteine; Hypoxia; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Memory Disorders; Mice; Phosphorylation; tau Proteins; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex | 2016 |
Maternal Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide, Intake of Methyl Nutrients, and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring.
Topics: Adult; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Case-Control Studies; Choline; Diet Records; Eating; Female; Folic Acid; Food Analysis; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Maternal Exposure; Methionine; Nitrogen Dioxide; Odds Ratio; Pregnancy; Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Risk Factors; United States; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2017 |
Methyl-Donor and Cofactor Nutrient Intakes in the First 2-3 Years and Global DNA Methylation at Age 4: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Choline; Diet; Diet Records; Dietary Supplements; DNA Methylation; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Linear Models; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Mental Recall; Methionine; Mouth Mucosa; Nutrition Assessment; Prospective Studies; Riboflavin; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2018 |
Oxidative stress and dietary micronutrient deficiencies contribute to overexpression of epigenetically regulated genes by lupus T cells.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Case-Control Studies; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Choline; Diet; DNA Methylation; DNA Modification Methylases; Epigenesis, Genetic; Female; Flow Cytometry; Folic Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Homocysteine; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Methionine; Micronutrients; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Peroxynitrous Acid; Riboflavin; T-Lymphocytes; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Young Adult; Zinc | 2018 |
Fetal one-carbon nutrient concentrations may be affected by gestational diabetes.
Topics: Adult; Betaine; Carbon; Choline; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Fetal Blood; Fetal Development; Fetus; Folic Acid; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Nutrients; Nutritional Status; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex | 2018 |
Dietary intake of one-carbon metabolism nutrients and DNA methylation in peripheral blood.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Australia; Betaine; Carbon; Choline; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Diet Records; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; Female; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Male; Methionine; Middle Aged; Nutrients; Riboflavin; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2018 |
Dietary intake and food sources of one-carbon metabolism nutrients in preschool aged children.
Topics: Australia; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Child, Preschool; Choline; Diet; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Male; Methionine; Nutrients; Riboflavin; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex | 2019 |
Nutritional characterization of sake cake (sake-kasu) after heat-drying and freeze-drying.
Topics: Aspergillus oryzae; beta-Glucans; Betaine; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Choline; Food Handling; Freeze Drying; Fungal Proteins; Hot Temperature; Lipid Metabolism; Niacin; Nucleic Acids; Nutritive Value; Oryza; S-Adenosylmethionine; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Vitamin B 6 | 2019 |
One-Carbon Cofactor Intake and Risk of Neural Tube Defects Among Women Who Meet Folic Acid Recommendations: A Multicenter Case-Control Study.
Topics: Adult; Betaine; Carbon; Case-Control Studies; Choline; Dietary Supplements; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Methionine; Neural Tube Defects; Odds Ratio; Pregnancy; Risk Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; United States; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2019 |
A novel approach in the management of hyperhomocysteinemia.
Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Animals; Choline; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Dietary Supplements; Endothelial Cells; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Hydrolysis; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Kidney; Life Style; Liver; Methionine; Models, Theoretical; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 | 2019 |
One-carbon metabolism-related nutrients intake is associated with lower risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women: a matched case-control study.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Choline; Eating; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Methionine; Nutrients; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Pyridoxine; Racemethionine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamins | 2022 |
Periconceptional intakes of methyl donors and other micronutrients involved in one-carbon metabolism may further reduce the risk of neural tube defects in offspring: a United States population-based case-control study of women meeting the folic acid recom
Topics: Betaine; Carbon; Case-Control Studies; Choline; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Methionine; Micronutrients; Neural Tube Defects; Racemethionine; Trace Elements; Vitamin B 6 | 2023 |
Maternal dietary intake among alcohol-exposed pregnancies is linked to early infant physical outcomes in South Africa.
Topics: Calcium; Choline; Diet; Eating; Ethanol; Fatty Acids; Female; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Folic Acid; Humans; Infant; Magnesium; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; South Africa; Vitamin A; Vitamin B 6; Vitamins; Zinc | 2023 |