valproic acid and carnitine

valproic acid has been researched along with carnitine in 210 studies

Research

Studies (210)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	20 (9.52)	18.7374
1990's	74 (35.24)	18.2507
2000's	49 (23.33)	29.6817
2010's	53 (25.24)	24.3611
2020's	14 (6.67)	2.80

Authors

Authors	Studies
Nezu, JI; Ohashi, R; Oku, A; Sai, Y; Shimane, M; Tamai, I; Tsuji, A; Yabuuchi, H	1
Artursson, P; Bergström, CA; Hoogstraate, J; Matsson, P; Norinder, U; Pedersen, JM	1
Barnes, JC; Bradley, P; Day, NC; Fourches, D; Reed, JZ; Tropsha, A	1
Artursson, P; Haglund, U; Karlgren, M; Kimoto, E; Lai, Y; Norinder, U; Vildhede, A; Wisniewski, JR	1
Cantin, LD; Chen, H; Kenna, JG; Noeske, T; Stahl, S; Walker, CL; Warner, DJ	1
Bohan, TP; Bratton, SL; Clarke, WR; French, JW; Garden, AL	1
Araki, A; Kobayashi, Y; Murakami, K; Nishida, N; Sugimoto, T; Woo, M	1
Hayasaka, K; Sakemi, K; Sanada, Y; Tahara, M; Takada, G	1
Levy, RH; Stephens, JR	1
Kobayashi, Y; Kuhara, T; Matsumoto, I; Murakami, K; Nishida, N; Sugimoto, T	1
Camiña, F; Castro-Gago, M; Rodríguez-Segade, S	1
Hauhart, RE; Thurston, JH	2
Gage, DA; Huang, ZH; Kossak, D; Li, BU; Penn, D; Rinaldo, P; Schmidt-Sommerfeld, E	1
McCormick, CP; Oles, KS; Penry, JK; Shihabi, ZK	1
Papadimitriou, A; Servidei, S	1
Iwamoto, H; Kobayashi, T; Matsui, K; Miyake, S; Ohtsuki, N; Yamada, M	1
Hutchison, HT; Linn, LS; Opala, G; Vance, C; Vance, H; Winter, S	1
Alonso, C; Camiña, MF; Gómez, M; Paz, JM; Rodriguez-Segade, S; Rozas, I	1
Alonso, C; Camiña, MF; Castro-Gago, M; Paz, JM; Rodriguez-Segade, S; Rozas, I	2
Carter, PE; Cole, GF; Stevenson, KL; Thom, H	1
Bates, SR; Hug, G; Landrigan, EA; McGraw, CA	1
Pellock, JM; Triggs, WJ; Willmore, LJ	1
Coulter, DL	3
Vanhooren, GT	1
Gutman, A; Shapira, Y	1
Albani, F; Baruzzi, A; Campostrini, R; Galli, G; Paganini, M; Riva, R; Zaccara, G	1
Bieber, LL; Jaszai, V; Kerner, J; Melegh, B	1
Acsádi, G; Kerner, J; Lakatos, J; Melegh, B; Sándor, A	1
Bohan, TP; Lin, SN; Triggs, WJ; Willmore, LJ	1
Hatanaka, T; Kobayashi, Y; Murakami, K; Nishida, N; Sakane, Y; Shuto, H; Sugimoto, T; Woo, M; Yasuhara, A	1
Igarashi, N; Kyouya, S; Sato, T	1
Araki, A; Kobayashi, Y; Murakami, K; Nishida, N; Sakane, Y; Sugimoto, T; Woo, M	1
de la Peña, CA; Del Río, R; Fernandez, MP; Paz, JM; Rodriguez-Segade, S; Rozas, I; Tutor, JC	1
Marquardt, KM; Murphy, JV; Shug, AL	1
Kodama, S; Komatsu, M; Konishi, H; Matsuo, T; Momota, K; Tanaka, K; Wada, H; Yokoyama, S	1
Bennett, SG; Borum, PR	1
Matsuda, I; Ninomiya, N; Ohtani, Y	1
Böhles, H	1
Araki, A; Kobayashi, Y; Nishida, N; Sakane, Y; Sugimoto, T; Woo, M	1
Acsádi, G; Dani, M; Kerner, J; Kispál, G; Melegh, B	1
Cotariu, D; Zaidman, JL	1
Kobayashi, Y; Nishida, N; Sugimoto, T; Takeuchi, T	2
Bohan, TP; Liberato, DJ; Millington, DS; Roe, CR; Yergey, AL	1
Carroll, JE; Hauhart, RE; Schiro, JA; Thurston, JH	1
Akiyama, T; Ishikawa, T; Kanayama, M; Morishita, H; Sugiyama, N; Wada, Y	1
Haas, R; Parker, WD; Stumpf, DA	1
Matsuda, I; Ohtani, Y	1
Ater, SB; Madsen, JA; Matsuo, F; Swinyard, EA; Tolman, KG	1
Endo, F; Matsuda, I; Ohtani, Y	1
Böhles, H; Richter, K; Schäfer, H; Wagner-Thiessen, E	1
De Vivo, DC; DiMauro, S; Tein, I; Xie, ZW	2
McCurdy, HT	1
Hunt, PA; Pellock, JM	1
Krähenbühl, S; Krause, M; Kupferschmidt, H; Mang, G; Meier, PJ	1
Murakami, K; Muro, H; Nishida, N; Sugimoto, T; Tatsuhara, T; Woo, M; Yamaguchi, Y	1
Fridkis, I; Gruener, N; Zelnik, N	1
Averbuch-Heller, L; Ben-Hur, T; Reches, A	1
Odle, J; van Kempen, TA	1
Tein, I; Xie, ZW	1
Dani, M; Kurucz, J; Melegh, B; Molnar, D; Morava, E; Pap, M	1
Kelley, RI	1
Cost, S; Freeman, JM; Singhi, P; Vining, EP	1
Kossak, BD; Penn, D; Rinaldo, P; Schmidt-Sommerfeld, E; Schoeller, DA; Tonsgard, JH	1
Bock, I; Melegh, B; Pap, M; Rebouche, CJ	1
Groover, RV; Hodge, C; Murphy, JV	1
Murakami, K; Muro, H; Nishida, N; Sugimoto, T; Woo, M	1
Allen, C; Beversdorf, D; Nordgren, R	1
Böhles, H; Sewell, AC; Wenzel, D	1
Adams, SH; Lin, X; Odle, J	1
Van Wouwe, JP	1
Bock, I; Cseko, J; Farkas, V; Sandor, A	1
Drake, ME; Kay, A; Reider, CR	1
Arato, T; Hiraoka, A; Tominaga, I	1
Raby, WN	1
Antonopolous, J; Gidal, BE; Inglese, CM; Meyer, JF; Pitterle, ME; Rust, RS	1
Jiménez, C; Lluch-Fernández, MD; Marchante-Serrano, C; Navarro-Quesada, FJ; Vaquero-Abellán, M	1
Bunch, TS; Cibula, J; Gilmore, RL; Harman, E; Millington, DS; Triggs, WJ	1
Altunbaşak, S; Baytok, V; Burgut, R; Hergüner, O; Kayrin, L; Tasouji, M	1
Melegh, B; Trombitás, K	1
Bae, C; Choi, J; Chung, S; Hyun, T; Rha, Y	1
Hirose, S; Mitsudome, A; Muta, Y; Ogawa, A; Tomoda, Y; Yasumoto, S	1
Kuhara, T; Maeyama, R; Matsumoto, I; Matsumoto, J; Ogawa, H; Okudaira, K; Shinka, T	1
Sakemi, K; Takada, G	1
Ballaban-Gil, K; Callahan, C; Moshé, S; O'Dell, C; Pappo, M; Shinnar, S	1
Bohan, TP; Coulter, DL; De Vivo, DC; Dreifuss, FE; Greenwood, RS; Nordli, DR; Shields, WD; Stafstrom, CE; Tein, I	1
Camiña, F; Castro-Gago, M; Couceiro, J; Eirís-Puñal, J; Novo-Rodríguez, MI; Rodríguez-Segade, S	1
Bale, JF; Chenard, CA; Rebouche, CJ; Stadler, DD	1
Chiba, S; Kibayashi, M; Nagao, M	2
Gutman, A; Mimouni, M; Shuper, A	1
Chiarelli, F; Greco, R; Morgese, G; Verrotti, A	1
Hirata, K; Katayama, S; Miyamoto, M; Miyamoto, T	1
El-Chaar, GM; Raskind, JY	1
Artuch, R; Campistol, J; Chávez, B; Vilaseca, MA	1
Aysun, S; Demir, E	1
Bröer, A; Bröer, S; Kaltenbach, S; Lang, F; Lükewille, U; Moschen, I; Risler, T; Wagner, CA	1
Arrigoni-Martelli, E; Caso, V	1
Bohan, TP; Cusmano, L; Gazitt, S; Helton, E; Koch, G; König, S; Li, S; McDonald, I; Scheffner, D; Sugimoto, T	1
Keunen, RW; Nicolai, J; Smith, SJ	1
de Almeida, IT; Duran, M; Jakobs, C; Silva, MF; Wanders, RJ	1
Yorifuji, S	1
DeVivo, DC	1
de Almeida, IT; Duran, M; Maya, M; Overmars, H; Selhorst, J; Silva, MF; van Gennip, AH; Wanders, RJ	1
Bootsma, AH; Duran, M; Jakobs, C; Overmars, H; Ruiter, JP; Silva, MF; Tavares de Almeida, I; van Gennip, AH; Wanders, RJ	1
Cummings, AD; Hackes, B; Hunt, A; Ryan, C; Sanford, MG	1
Kuwajima, M	1
Inano, A; Katsura, M; Nezu, J; Ohashi, R; Sai, Y; Tamai, I; Tsuji, A	1
Tein, I	2
Fok, TF; Fung, EL; Ho, CS; Lam, CW; Tang, NL	1
Caraccio, TR; Mofenson, HC	1
McKay, CA; Perez, A	1
Gau, CS; Lin, CJ; Liou, HH; Shyu, MK; Wu, SP	1
Minville, V; Roche Tissot, C; Samii, K	1
Ceconi, C; Cicchitelli, G; Ferrari, R; Fucili, A; Mele, D; Merli, E	1
Bjørnenak, T; Gjerstad, L; Mørkrid, L; Mørland, T; Røste, LS; Saetre, ER; Taubøll, E	1
Baker, S; Braunstein, D; Casadonte, P; Hitzemann, R; Majewska, D; Montgomery, A; Reid, MS; Robinson, J; Rotrosen, J; Sanfilipo, M	1
Kasturi, L; Sawant, SP	1
LoVecchio, F; Samaddar, R; Shriki, J	1
Macey, H; Moreno, FA; Schreiber, B	1
Eyer, F; Felgenhauer, N; Gempel, K; Gerbitz, KD; Steimer, W; Zilker, T	1
Gris, M; Lheureux, PE; Penaloza, A; Zahir, S	1
Auricchio, G; Coppola, G; Epifanio, G; Federico, RR; Pascotto, A; Resicato, G	1
Puente, V; Rodriguez-Campello, A; Roquer, J; Segura-Bruna, N	1
Hasegawa, H; Norikura, R; Ohnishi, S; Okamura, N; Shimaoka, H	1
Elmslie, JL; Hunt, PJ; Joyce, PR; Mann, JI; Porter, RJ	1
Gerstner, T; Koenig, SA; Kohlmueller, D; Longin, E; Mehlem, P; Schulze, A; Teich, M; Treiss, I; Werner, T	1
Russell, S	1
Ono, H	3
Carr, RB; Shrewsbury, K	1
Beier, K; Knapp, AC; Krähenbühl, S; Reichen, J; Sägesser, H; Terracciano, L; Todesco, L	1
Aaron, C; Katiyar, A	1
Ando, Y; Goto, S; Hagiwara, T; Ishitsu, T; Nagata, S; Nakagawa, K; Seo, T; Ueda, K; Yamauchi, T	1
Ahn, KO; Eo, E; Jung, J	1
Chan, YC; Lau, FL; Tse, ML	1
Baba, T; Hasegawa, H; Horie, K; Kanaoka, E; Norikura, R; Ohnishi, S; Okamura, N; Sakamoto, K; Sakamoto, S; Takahashi, K	1
Anil, AB; Anil, M; Dilek, M; Helvaci, M; Kalenderer, O; Ozbal, E	1
Hantson, P; Lheureux, PE	1
Abdella, MM; Hamed, SA	1
Abramson, RK; Cuturic, M; Hardin, JW; Moran, RR	1
Bøen, A; Bøhmer, T; Høymork, SC	1
Abramson, RK; Cuturic, M; Hall, AV; Hardin, JW; Moran, RR	1
Acsadi, G; Crawford, TO; D'anjou, G; Elovic, E; Elsheikh, B; Kissel, JT; Krosschell, KJ; Lewelt, A; Maczulski, JA; Reyna, SP; Sakonju, A; Schroth, MK; Scott, C; Stoddard, GJ; Swoboda, KJ	1
Acsadi, G; Bromberg, MB; Chan, GM; Crawford, TO; D'Anjou, G; Elsheik, B; Kissel, JT; Krosschell, KJ; LaSalle, B; Maczulski, JA; Prior, TW; Reyna, SP; Schroth, MK; Scott, CB; Simard, LR; Sorenson, SL; Swoboda, KJ	1
Ando, N; Hussein, MH; Ichiki, S; Ito, T; Kobayashi, S; Kurono, Y; Maeda, Y; Nakajima, Y; Sugiyama, N; Togari, H	1
Acsadi, G; Bromberg, MB; Chan, GM; Crawford, TO; D'Anjou, G; Elsheik, B; Kissel, JT; Krosschell, KJ; LaSalle, B; Maczulski, JA; Prior, TW; Reyna, SP; Schroth, MK; Scott, CB; Simard, LR; Sorenson, S; Swoboda, KJ	1
Alluin, A; Canevet, C; Desmaretz, JL; Gauthier, N; Jezequel, J	1
Chatterjee, R; Das, S; Guha, G; Hashmi, MA; Joardar, S	1
Davison, AS; Milan, AM; Roberts, NB	1
Bourgeois, JA; Hilty, DM; Rossaro, L; Sonik, P	1
Mock, CM; Schwetschenau, KH	1
Campodarve, I; Clemente, C; Farré, M; López, MJ; Papaseit, E	1
Biberoglu, G; Cansu, A; Ezgu, FS; Hasanoglu, A; Hirfanoglu, TL; Serdaroglu, A; Tumer, L	1
Abramson, RK; Cuturic, M; Frank, EM; Hardin, JW; Moran, RR; Sellers, AA	1
Muzyk, AJ; Prohaska, ES; Rivelli, SK	1
Donzelli, M; Fischer-Barnicol, D; Krähenbühl, S; Morand, R; Mullen, PJ; Todesco, L	1
Arimoto, K; Ishizuka, T; Kamiishi, A; Katayama, A; Kimiya, S; Nakajima, S; Ohtaki, U; Ozawa, H; Sasaki, K; Yagihashi, T	1
Ferreruela, M; Llompart-Pou, JA; Martín-del Rincón, JP; Velasco, J	1
Bao, XH; Jiang, YW; Liu, CT; Qin, J; Wu, XP; Xiong, H; Zhang, YH; Zhao, H	1
Kato, A	1
Carlo, S; Castaing-Lespier, PA; Sabaté, N; Santos-Cubiñá, J; Torres-Martin, A; Torres-Rodríguez, A	1
Felker, D; Johnson, DE; Lynn, A; Wang, S	1
Larsen, EP; Ostergaard, JR	1
Alvariza, S; Fagiolino, P; Guevara, N; Ibarra, M; Magallanes, L; Maldonado, C; Olano, I; Olmos, I; Vázquez, M	1
Arroyo Pérez, R; Fernández-Candil, JL; León Jorba, A; Pacreu Terradas, S; Villalba Martínez, G; Vivanco-Hidalgo, RM	1
Fukuda, M; Ishii, E; Iwano, S; Kawabe, M; Kikuchi, C; Kuwabara, K; Morimoto, T; Suzuki, Y; Takehara, M; Wakamoto, H	1
Hurri, L; Posti, J; Puustinen, J; Rauhala, E; Seppä, JM	1
Al-sharefi, A; Bilous, R	1
Gillman, LM; Sader, N; West, M; Zeiler, FA	1
Fagiolino, P; González, R; Guevara, N; Maldonado, C; Queijo, C; Vázquez, M	1
Hatae, T; Katayama, H; Mizukami, K; Yasuda, M	1
Akimova, D; Chen, Q; Finnell, RH; Gross, SS; Lin, Y; Ross, ME; Wlodarczyk, BJ	1
Eyer, F; Felgenhauer, N; Fernando, M; Rabe, C; Schrettl, V	1
Fagiolino, P; Guevara, N; Maldonado, C; Silveira, A; Vázquez, M	1
Acsadi, G; Crawford, TO; D'Anjou, G; Elsheikh, B; Hero, B; Kishnani, PS; Kissel, JT; Krosschell, KJ; Lasalle, B; Prior, TW; Reyna, SP; Sakonju, A; Schroth, MK; Scott, CB; Simard, LR; Simeone, SD; Smith, EC; Swoboda, KJ; Townsend, EL; Von Kleist-Retzow, JC; Wirth, B; Zhang, RZ	1
Araki, A; Kaneko, K; Kimata, T; Koga, S; Tsuji, S; Yamanouchi, S; Yoshimura, K	1
Ballabio, M; Cattaneo, CI; D'Innella, P; Fornaro, M; Ressico, F; Valsesia, R	1
Cuesta-Montero, P; Diaz-Rangel, M; Domingo-Chiva, E; Grande-Martin, A; Lopez-Perez, A; Monsalve-Naharro, JA	1
Anstey, M; Murray, R; Triplett, KE	1
Hong, J; Qiliang, L; Wenqi, S	1
Celik, H; Ince, H; Kulhas Celik, I; Sungur, M; Tasdemir, HA	1
Camilleri, L	1
Iwayama, H; Kurahashi, H; Numoto, S; Okumura, A	1
Albayrak, P; Deda, G; Doğan, Ö; Eminoglu, FT; Haznedar, P; Öz Tunçer, G; Teber, S	1
Chen, F; Guo, HL; Hu, YH; Jing, X; Lu, XP; Ni, MM; Qiu, JC; Sun, JY; Wang, T; Xu, ZJ	1
Lind, J; Nordlund, P	1
Araki, M; Mukai, T; Naka, H; Shishido, T; Tokinobu, H; Yamada, H	1
Gannon, D; Khakwani, A	1
Ishioka, M; Kubo, K; Miyazaki, K; Nakagami, T; Shimoda, K; Sugawara, N; Tarakita, N; Yasui-Furukori, N; Yokoyama, S	1
Akbari, N; Alyan, N; Jamali, Z; Pourahmad, J; Salimi, A	1
Ceylan, M; İyigün, İ; Kızıltunç, A; Şimşek, F	1
Akella, J; Sanivarapu, R; Sharma, R	1
Azuma, Y; Iwayama, H; Kurahashi, H; Numoto, S; Okumura, A	1
Edquist, C; O'Rourke, N; Pagali, S	1
Miyaoka, H; Saito, M; Takizawa, T	1
Azuma, Y; Iwayama, H; Kurahashi, H; Numoto, S; Okumura, A; Takagi, M	1
Cunningham, B; Fowler, M; Mullen, C; Nicholson, C	1
Karimi, SA; Nouri, E; Raoufi, S; Zarei, M	1
Berezowski, I; Frasure, SE; Mazer-Amirshahi, M; Patel, J; Pourmand, A; Tran, QK	1
Fagiolino, P; Ibarra, M; Maldonado, C; Schiavo, A; Trocóniz, IF; Vázquez, M	1
Gomathi, S; Jayaseelan, S; Kokilavani, A; Kumudhavalli, MV; Rajesh, V; Vishali, K	1
McCarron, EP	1

Reviews

27 review(s) available for valproic acid and carnitine

Article	Year
Valproate hepatotoxicity syndrome: hypotheses of pathogenesis. Pharmaceutisch weekblad. Scientific edition, 1992, Jun-19, Volume: 14, Issue:3A Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Humans; Liver; Liver Diseases; Syndrome; Valproic Acid	1992
Valproate toxicity: risk-screening strategies. Journal of child neurology, 1991, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Enzymes; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Liver Function Tests; Valproic Acid	1991
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity. Journal of child neurology, 1991, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Risk Factors; Valproic Acid	1991
Carnitine as an essential nutrient. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1986, Volume: 5, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Biological Transport; Carnitine; Diet; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Kidney; Liver; Models, Biological; Renal Dialysis; Valproic Acid	1986
Valproic acid and the liver. Clinical chemistry, 1988, Volume: 34, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acids; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Interactions; Fatty Acids; Humans; Liver Diseases; Urea; Valproic Acid	1988
Carnitine deficiency in epilepsy: Risk factors and treatment. Journal of child neurology, 1995, Volume: 10 Suppl 2 Topics: Carnitine; Epilepsy; Humans; Liver; Risk Factors; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Deficiency	1995
The role of carnitine supplementation during valproic acid therapy. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2000, Volume: 34, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Middle Aged; Myoclonus; Spasms, Infantile; Valproic Acid	2000
Carnitine protects mitochondria and removes toxic acyls from xenobiotics. Drugs under experimental and clinical research, 2001, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Acyl Coenzyme A; Ammonia; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-HIV Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Bacterial Toxins; Carnitine; Humans; Mitochondria; Pentanoic Acids; Peroxisome Proliferators; Valproic Acid; Xenobiotics	2001
[Secondary carnitine deficiency]. Ryoikibetsu shokogun shirizu, 2001, Issue:36 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carbon-Carbon Ligases; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Carrier Proteins; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lactams; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Prognosis; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Valproic Acid	2001
[Secondary carnitine deficiency]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2002, Volume: 60 Suppl 4 Topics: Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Kidney; Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Membrane Proteins; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Prognosis; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Valproic Acid	2002
Role of carnitine and fatty acid oxidation and its defects in infantile epilepsy. Journal of child neurology, 2002, Volume: 17 Suppl 3 Topics: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Fasting; Fatty Acid Desaturases; Fatty Acids; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Spasms, Infantile; Valproic Acid	2002
Carnitine transport: pathophysiology and metabolism of known molecular defects. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 2003, Volume: 26, Issue:2-3 Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mice; Mutation; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Symporters; Valproic Acid	2003
Therapeutic effects of L-carnitine and propionyl-L-carnitine on cardiovascular diseases: a review. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2004, Volume: 1033 Topics: Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Liver; Myocardial Ischemia; Valproic Acid	2004
Science review: carnitine in the treatment of valproic acid-induced toxicity - what is the evidence? Critical care (London, England), 2005, Oct-05, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Overdose; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin B Deficiency	2005
Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy. Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 2006, Volume: 114, Issue:1 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Edema; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing); Carnitine; Diagnosis, Differential; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Valproic Acid	2006
Carnitine as an antidote for acute valproate toxicity in children. Current opinion in pediatrics, 2007, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Carnitine; Child; Humans; Poisoning; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2007
Hyperammonemia due to valproic acid in the psychiatric setting. The American journal of psychiatry, 2007, Volume: 164, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bipolar Disorder; Carnitine; Child; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Liver; Middle Aged; Psychotic Disorders; Research Design; Valproic Acid	2007
Carnitine in the treatment of valproic acid-induced toxicity. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2009, Volume: 47, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Liver Diseases; Mitochondria; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Valproic Acid	2009
Levocarnitine for valproic-acid-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 2012, Jan-01, Volume: 69, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Valproic Acid	2012
Evidence for a potential protective effect of carnitine-pantothenic acid co-treatment on valproic acid-induced hepatotoxicity. Expert review of clinical pharmacology, 2014, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bipolar Disorder; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Oxidative Stress; Pantothenic Acid; Seizures; Valproic Acid	2014
Levocarnitine induced seizures in patients on valproic acid: A negative systematic review. Seizure, 2016, Volume: 36 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Databases, Factual; Humans; Seizures; Valproic Acid	2016
Sudden valproate-induced hyperammonemia managed with L-carnitine in a medically healthy bipolar patient: Essential review of the literature and case report. Medicine, 2017, Volume: 96, Issue:39 Topics: Adult; Antimanic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Carnitine; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Substance-Related Disorders; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid	2017
Lesson of the month 1: Sodium valproate-induced encephalopathy. Clinical medicine (London, England), 2018, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Brain Diseases; Carnitine; Consciousness Disorders; Epilepsy; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Polypharmacy; Valproic Acid	2018
Valproic Acid and the Liver Injury in Patients with Epilepsy: An Update. Current pharmaceutical design, 2019, Volume: 25, Issue:3 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Antioxidants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Epilepsy; Humans; Liver; Valproic Acid	2019
[Valproic acid-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy in a patient receiving valproic acid monotherapy]. Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology, 2019, May-28, Volume: 59, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Biomarkers; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Consciousness Disorders; Epilepsy, Generalized; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Muscular Diseases; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Status Epilepticus; Valproic Acid	2019
L-carnitine supplementation as a potential therapy for suspected hyperammonaemic encephalopathy. The journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 2019, Volume: 49, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Blood Chemical Analysis; Carnitine; Cerebral Palsy; Dietary Supplements; Epilepsy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glasgow Coma Scale; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Risk Assessment; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid	2019
Valproic Acid Overdose: Case Report and Literature Review. The Journal of emergency medicine, 2022, Volume: 63, Issue:5 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Drug Overdose; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Middle Aged; Valproic Acid	2022

Trials

18 trial(s) available for valproic acid and carnitine

Article	Year
Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia associated with valproic acid therapy. The Journal of pediatrics, 1982, Volume: 101, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Valproic Acid	1982
The role of carnitine supplementation in valproic acid therapy. Pediatrics, 1994, Volume: 93, Issue:6 Pt 1 Topics: Carnitine; Child; Double-Blind Method; Fatty Acid Desaturases; Humans; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Valproic Acid	1994
Does carnitine administration improve the symptoms attributed to anticonvulsant medications?: a double-blinded, crossover study. Pediatrics, 1994, Volume: 93, Issue:6 Pt 1 Topics: Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Child; Double-Blind Method; Epilepsy; Female; Health Status; Humans; Male; Pilot Projects; Valproic Acid	1994
The effect of carnitine supplementation in valproate-induced hyperammonaemia. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 1996, Volume: 85, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Liver Diseases; Male; Time Factors; Valproic Acid	1996
Alterations in the carnitine metabolism in epileptic children treated with valproic acid. Journal of Korean medical science, 1997, Volume: 12, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Time Factors; Transaminases; Valproic Acid	1997
Serum carnitine levels in epileptic children before and during treatment with valproic acid, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital. Journal of child neurology, 1998, Volume: 13, Issue:11 Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant; Phenobarbital; Statistics, Nonparametric; Valproic Acid	1998
Weight gain associated with valproate in childhood. Pediatric neurology, 2000, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Blood Glucose; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy, Generalized; Female; Humans; Insulin; Male; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid; Weight Gain	2000
A placebo-controlled screening trial of olanzapine, valproate, and coenzyme Q10/L-carnitine for the treatment of cocaine dependence. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2005, Volume: 100 Suppl 1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Carnitine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Coenzymes; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Olanzapine; Pilot Projects; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Ubiquinone; Valproic Acid	2005
Plasma free carnitine in epilepsy children, adolescents and young adults treated with old and new antiepileptic drugs with or without ketogenic diet. Brain & development, 2006, Volume: 28, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Dietary Fats; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; Female; Fructose; Humans; Infant; Ketosis; Lamotrigine; Male; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Topiramate; Triazines; Valproic Acid	2006
Carnitine does not improve weight loss outcomes in valproate-treated bipolar patients consuming an energy-restricted, low-fat diet. Bipolar disorders, 2006, Volume: 8, Issue:5 Pt 1 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Bipolar Disorder; Body Mass Index; Carnitine; Diet, Fat-Restricted; Diet, Reducing; Energy Intake; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Valproic Acid; Weight Loss	2006
Potential relationships between transaminase abnormality and valproic acid clearance or serum carnitine concentrations in Japanese epileptic patients. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 2008, Volume: 60, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Body Weight; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Interactions; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Japan; Liver Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Regression Analysis; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Transaminases; Valproic Acid	2008
Serum and muscle carnitine levels in epileptic children receiving sodium valproate. Journal of child neurology, 2009, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Muscles; Serum; Valproic Acid	2009
The risk of asymptomatic hyperammonemia in children with idiopathic epilepsy treated with valproate: relationship to blood carnitine status. Epilepsy research, 2009, Volume: 86, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Prospective Studies; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2009
Compound muscle action potential and motor function in children with spinal muscular atrophy. Muscle & nerve, 2010, Volume: 42, Issue:5 Topics: Action Potentials; Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Electromyography; Female; GABA Agents; Humans; Male; Movement; Muscle, Skeletal; Reproducibility of Results; ROC Curve; Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood; Treatment Outcome; Ulnar Nerve; Valproic Acid	2010
SMA CARNI-VAL trial part I: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of L-carnitine and valproic acid in spinal muscular atrophy. PloS one, 2010, Aug-19, Volume: 5, Issue:8 Topics: Age Factors; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Bone Density; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Double-Blind Method; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Infant; Lung; Male; Motor Activity; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal; Quality of Life; RNA, Messenger; Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid	2010
SMA CARNIVAL TRIAL PART II: a prospective, single-armed trial of L-carnitine and valproic acid in ambulatory children with spinal muscular atrophy. PloS one, 2011, Volume: 6, Issue:7 Topics: Action Potentials; Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Demography; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Male; Motor Activity; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Reproducibility of Results; Respiratory Function Tests; RNA, Messenger; Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid; Walking	2011
Carnitine and/or Acetylcarnitine Deficiency as a Cause of Higher Levels of Ammonia. BioMed research international, 2016, Volume: 2016 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ammonia; Bipolar Disorder; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phenytoin; Valproic Acid	2016
Clinical trial of L-Carnitine and valproic acid in spinal muscular atrophy type I. Muscle & nerve, 2018, Volume: 57, Issue:2 Topics: Action Potentials; Carnitine; Cohort Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; GABA Agents; Humans; Infant; Male; Negative Results; Respiration, Artificial; Retrospective Studies; Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2018

Other Studies

165 other study(ies) available for valproic acid and carnitine

Article	Year
Na(+)-dependent carnitine transport by organic cation transporter (OCTN2): its pharmacological and toxicological relevance. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1999, Volume: 291, Issue:2 Topics: Biological Transport, Active; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Cations; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Embryo, Mammalian; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidney; Membrane Proteins; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Sodium; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Stereoisomerism	1999
Prediction and identification of drug interactions with the human ATP-binding cassette transporter multidrug-resistance associated protein 2 (MRP2; ABCC2). Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2008, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Antiviral Agents; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Cell Line; Computer Simulation; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Estradiol; Humans; Insecta; Liver; Models, Molecular; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins; Neoplasm Proteins; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacology; Structure-Activity Relationship	2008
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species. Chemical research in toxicology, 2010, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cluster Analysis; Databases, Factual; Humans; MEDLINE; Mice; Models, Chemical; Molecular Conformation; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship	2010
Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2012, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10 Topics: Atorvastatin; Biological Transport; Drug Interactions; Estradiol; Estrone; HEK293 Cells; Heptanoic Acids; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; In Vitro Techniques; Least-Squares Analysis; Liver; Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1; Models, Molecular; Multivariate Analysis; Organic Anion Transporters; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent; Protein Isoforms; Pyrroles; Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1B3; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transfection	2012
Mitigating the inhibition of human bile salt export pump by drugs: opportunities provided by physicochemical property modulation, in silico modeling, and structural modification. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 2012, Volume: 40, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Bile Acids and Salts; Cell Line; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Humans; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship	2012
A child with valproic acid-associated carnitine deficiency and carnitine-responsive cardiac dysfunction. Journal of child neurology, 1992, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Carnitine; Child; Developmental Disabilities; Heart Diseases; Humans; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Myocardium; Valproic Acid	1992
Alterations of urinary acetylcarnitine in valproate-treated rats: the effect of L-carnitine supplementation. Journal of child neurology, 1992, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Animals; Carnitine; Chromatography, Liquid; Drug Interactions; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Valproic Acid	1992
The effect of carnitine on the metabolism of valproic acid in epileptic patients. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 1992, Volume: 167, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carnitine; Child; Epilepsy; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid	1992
Abnormal metabolism of carnitine and valproate in a case of acute encephalopathy during chronic valproate therapy. Brain & development, 1992, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Brain Diseases; Carnitine; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Chronic Disease; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Seizures; Valproic Acid	1992
Carnitine deficiency caused by valproic acid. The Journal of pediatrics, 1992, Volume: 120, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Child; Humans; Mice; Muscles; Valproic Acid	1992
Amelioration of adverse effects of valproic acid on ketogenesis and liver coenzyme A metabolism by cotreatment with pantothenate and carnitine in developing mice: possible clinical significance. Pediatric research, 1992, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Pt 1 Topics: Animals; Animals, Suckling; Carnitine; Coenzyme A; Cysteine; Ketone Bodies; Liver; Mice; Pantothenic Acid; Valproic Acid	1992
Urinary medium-chain acylcarnitines in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, medium-chain triglyceride feeding and valproic acid therapy: sensitivity and specificity of the radioisotopic exchange/high performance liquid chromatography method. Pediatric research, 1992, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases; Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Infant; Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Sensitivity and Specificity; Triglycerides; Valproic Acid	1992
Serum and tissue carnitine assay based on dialysis. Clinical chemistry, 1992, Volume: 38, Issue:8 Pt 1 Topics: Carnitine; Carnitine O-Acetyltransferase; Diabetes Mellitus; Dialysis; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Humans; Reference Values; Tissue Distribution; Valproic Acid	1992
Late onset lipid storage myopathy due to multiple acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency triggered by valproate. Neuromuscular disorders : NMD, 1991, Volume: 1, Issue:4 Topics: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Long-Chain; Biopsy; Carnitine; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Middle Aged; Mitochondria, Muscle; Muscular Diseases; Riboflavin; Time Factors; Valproic Acid	1991
[The problems of valproate therapy in severely handicapped children--valproate induced hyperammonemia and hypocarnitinemia]. No to hattatsu = Brain and development, 1991, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Disabled Persons; Enteral Nutrition; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid	1991
The effect of valproic acid on plasma carnitine levels. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1991, Volume: 145, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Valproic Acid	1991
Short-term effects of administration of anticonvulsant drugs on free carnitine and acylcarnitine in mouse serum and tissues. British journal of pharmacology, 1991, Volume: 103, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Muscles; Myocardium; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Prohibitins; Valproic Acid	1991
Alteration of renal carnitine metabolism by anticonvulsant treatment. Neurology, 1991, Volume: 41, Issue:9 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Male; Mice; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Valproic Acid	1991
Ammonia and carnitine concentrations in children treated with sodium valproate compared with other anticonvulsant drugs. Developmental medicine and child neurology, 1991, Volume: 33, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid	1991
Reduction of serum carnitine concentrations during anticonvulsant therapy with phenobarbital, valproic acid, phenytoin, and carbamazepine in children. The Journal of pediatrics, 1991, Volume: 119, Issue:5 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Child; Drug Combinations; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Humans; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Seizures; Valproic Acid	1991
[Valproic acid and stupor]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 1991, Feb-02, Volume: 135, Issue:5 Topics: Carnitine; Cognition Disorders; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Valproic Acid	1991
Muscle carnitine deficiency in patients using valproic acid. The Journal of pediatrics, 1991, Volume: 118, Issue:4 Pt 1 Topics: Carnitine; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant; Muscles; Valproic Acid	1991
Effects of acute valproic acid administration on carnitine plasma concentrations in epileptic patients. Epilepsy research, 1991, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Humans; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Valproic Acid	1991
Effects of acute valproate administration on carnitine metabolism in mouse serum and tissues. Biochemical pharmacology, 1990, Jan-01, Volume: 39, Issue:1 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Caprylates; Carnitine; Kidney; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Mice; Muscles; Myocardium; Valproic Acid	1990
Differential excretion of xenobiotic acyl-esters of carnitine due to administration of pivampicillin and valproate. Biochemical medicine and metabolic biology, 1990, Volume: 43, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ampicillin; Carnitine; Child; Cholesterol; Chromatography, Gas; Diabetes Mellitus; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Lipids; Male; Pivampicillin; Triglycerides; Valproic Acid; Xenobiotics	1990
L-carnitine replacement therapy in chronic valproate treatment. Neuropediatrics, 1990, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Chronic Disease; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Ketone Bodies; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Valproic Acid	1990
Valproate-induced coma with ketosis and carnitine insufficiency. Archives of neurology, 1990, Volume: 47, Issue:10 Topics: Acids; Adult; Carnitine; Coma; Epilepsies, Partial; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female; Humans; Ketosis; Valproic Acid	1990
Valproate-induced hepatoxicity: protective effect of L-carnitine supplementation. The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology, 1990, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Liver Function Tests; Male; Protein-Energy Malnutrition; Risk Factors; Valproic Acid	1990
Secondary carnitine deficiency in handicapped patients receiving valproic acid and/or elemental diet. Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition, 1990, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Disabled Persons; Female; Food, Formulated; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid	1990
Carnitine metabolism and morphometric change of liver mitochondria in valproate-treated rats. Neuropediatrics, 1990, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Muscles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Valproic Acid	1990
Carnitine deficiency associated with anticonvulsant therapy. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1989, May-15, Volume: 181, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Cerebral Palsy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Seizures; Valproic Acid	1989
Valproic acid associated abnormalities of carnitine metabolism. Lancet (London, England), 1985, Apr-06, Volume: 1, Issue:8432 Topics: Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Reye Syndrome; Valproic Acid	1985
Valproate-associated hyperammonemia and DL-carnitine supplement. The Kobe journal of medical sciences, 1987, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Disabled Persons; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; Humans; Phenobarbital; Valproic Acid	1987
Renal handling of carnitine in children with carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia associated with valproate therapy. The Journal of pediatrics, 1986, Volume: 109, Issue:1 Topics: Ammonia; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant; Intellectual Disability; Kidney; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Reye Syndrome; Valproic Acid	1986
[When is parenteral carnitine administration indicated?]. Beitrage zu Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung, 1986, Volume: 13 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Ammonia; Carnitine; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Infections; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Liver Cirrhosis; Parenteral Nutrition, Total; Valproic Acid	1986
Carnitine metabolism in valproate-treated rats: the effect of L-carnitine supplementation. Pediatric research, 1987, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythrocytes; Liver; Male; Muscles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Valproic Acid	1987
Effect of chronic valproic acid treatment on plasma and urine carnitine levels in children: decreased urinary excretion. Acta paediatrica Hungarica, 1987, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Epilepsy; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid	1987
Protective effect of D,L-carnitine on valproate-induced hyperammonemia and hypoketonemia in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Biochemical pharmacology, 1988, Jun-01, Volume: 37, Issue:11 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Carnitine; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Ketone Bodies; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Valproic Acid	1988
Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of sodium valproate on primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Neuropediatrics, 1988, Volume: 19, Issue:3 Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Carnitine; Cells, Cultured; Humans; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Valproic Acid	1988
Valproylcarnitine: a novel drug metabolite identified by fast atom bombardment and thermospray liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1985, Jan-15, Volume: 145, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Isomerism; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Seizures; Valproic Acid	1985
A single therapeutic dose of valproate affects liver carbohydrate, fat, adenylate, amino acid, coenzyme A, and carnitine metabolism in infant mice: possible clinical significance. Life sciences, 1985, Apr-29, Volume: 36, Issue:17 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adenosine Monophosphate; Amino Acids; Animal Population Groups; Animals; Animals, Suckling; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Carnitine; Coenzyme A; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Hydroxybutyrates; Ketone Bodies; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Mice; Valproic Acid	1985
[Effects of valproate on mitochondrial function in epileptic patients]. No to hattatsu = Brain and development, 1985, Volume: 17, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Ammonia; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Humans; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Mitochondria; Valproic Acid	1985
Carnitine deficiency: a possible mechanism for valproate hepatotoxicity. Lancet (London, England), 1984, Mar-24, Volume: 1, Issue:8378 Topics: Carnitine; Child; Humans; Liver; Reye Syndrome; Valproic Acid	1984
Carnitine deficiency with valproate therapy. The Journal of pediatrics, 1983, Volume: 103, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Valproic Acid	1983
Valproate treatment and carnitine deficiency. Neurology, 1984, Volume: 34, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Liver; Muridae; Valproic Acid	1984
Effects of SKF525A, phenobarbital, fasting, and carnitine on the anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity of valproate in mice. Epilepsia, 1984, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Fasting; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nervous System; Phenobarbital; Proadifen; Seizures; Valproic Acid	1984
Decreased serum carnitine in valproate induced Reye syndrome. European journal of pediatrics, 1982, Volume: 139, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Reye Syndrome; Valproic Acid	1982
Heterozygotes for plasmalemmal carnitine transporter defect are at increased risk for valproic acid-associated impairment of carnitine uptake in cultured human skin fibroblasts. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 1995, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Child; Fibroblasts; Heterozygote; Humans; Kinetics; Regression Analysis; Risk Factors; Skin; Valproic Acid	1995
Carnitine deficiency. Pediatrics, 1995, Volume: 96, Issue:6 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Humans; Valproic Acid	1995
Carnitine deficiency. Pediatrics, 1995, Volume: 96, Issue:6 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Humans; Valproic Acid	1995
Plasma and hepatic carnitine and coenzyme A pools in a patient with fatal, valproate induced hepatotoxicity. Gut, 1995, Volume: 37, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Coenzyme A; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Liver; Valproic Acid	1995
Determination of urinary valproylcarnitine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring. Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical applications, 1995, Jan-06, Volume: 663, Issue:1 Topics: Calibration; Carbon Tetrachloride; Carnitine; Dimethylformamide; Drug Stability; Epilepsy; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hot Temperature; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Microchemistry; Sensitivity and Specificity; Valproic Acid	1995
Reduced carnitine and antiepileptic drugs: cause relationship or co-existence? Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 1995, Volume: 84, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Phenobarbital; Valproic Acid	1995
Valproate encephalopathy and hypocarnitinaemia in diabetic patients. Journal of neurology, 1994, Volume: 241, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Diseases; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Female; Humans; Valproic Acid	1994
Carnitine affects octanoate oxidation to carbon dioxide and dicarboxylic acids in colostrum-deprived piglets: in vivo analysis of mechanisms involved based on CoA- and carnitine-ester profiles. The Journal of nutrition, 1995, Volume: 125, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Caprylates; Carbon Dioxide; Carnitine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coenzyme A; Colostrum; Dicarboxylic Acids; Female; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Liver; Muscles; Oxidation-Reduction; Pregnancy; Swine; Time Factors; Valproic Acid	1995
Reversal of valproic acid-associated impairment of carnitine uptake in cultured human skin fibroblasts. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1994, Oct-28, Volume: 204, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Cells, Cultured; Fibroblasts; Humans; Skin; Valproic Acid	1994
Carnitine-dependent changes of metabolic fuel consumption during long-term treatment with valproic acid. The Journal of pediatrics, 1994, Volume: 125, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Basal Metabolism; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats; Energy Metabolism; Female; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid	1994
Valproic acid impairs carnitine uptake in cultured human skin fibroblasts. An in vitro model for the pathogenesis of valproic acid-associated carnitine deficiency. Pediatric research, 1993, Volume: 34, Issue:3 Topics: Biological Transport; Carnitine; Cells, Cultured; Child; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fibroblasts; Humans; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Valproic Acid	1993
Impaired fatty acid oxidation in children on valproic acid and the effect of L-carnitine. Neurology, 1993, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Breath Tests; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Epilepsy; Fatty Acids; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Valproic Acid	1993
Relationship of carnitine and carnitine precursors lysine, epsilon-N-trimethyllysine, and gamma-butyrobetaine in drug-induced carnitine depletion. Pediatric research, 1993, Volume: 34, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Bacteriuria; Betaine; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Lysine; Male; Pivampicillin; Urinary Tract Infections; Valproic Acid	1993
Hepatotoxic effects in a child receiving valproate and carnitine. The Journal of pediatrics, 1993, Volume: 123, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Humans; Infant; Male; Treatment Failure; Valproic Acid	1993
Comparative effects of valproate and the new experimental anticonvulsant drug alpha-ethyl-alpha-methyl-thiobutyrolactone on selected metabolite levels in the plasma, livers, and brains of infant mice. Epilepsia, 1996, Volume: 37, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; 4-Butyrolactone; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Suckling; Anticonvulsants; Blood Glucose; Brain Chemistry; Carnitine; Coenzyme A; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hydroxybutyrates; Liver; Mice; Valproic Acid	1996
Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on acute valproate intoxication. Epilepsia, 1996, Volume: 37, Issue:7 Topics: Ammonia; Carnitine; Coma; Drug Overdose; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Valproic Acid	1996
Valproate induced encephalopathy treated with carnitine in an adult. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 1996, Volume: 61, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Liver; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	1996
Acetate represents a major product of heptanoate and octanoate beta-oxidation in hepatocytes isolated from neonatal piglets. The Biochemical journal, 1996, Aug-15, Volume: 318 ( Pt 1) Topics: Acetates; Acetyl Coenzyme A; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Caprylates; Carbon Dioxide; Carnitine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coenzyme A; Diet; Fatty Acids; Heptanoic Acids; Liver; Malonates; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Swine; Valproic Acid	1996
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Reference Values; Seizures; Valproic Acid	1995
Inhibition of carnitine biosynthesis by valproic acid in rats--the biochemical mechanism of inhibition. Biochemical pharmacology, 1996, Nov-08, Volume: 52, Issue:9 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Betaine; Carnitine; Coenzyme A; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ketoglutaric Acids; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Valproic Acid	1996
Serum carnitine levels in ambulatory epilepsy outpatients. Seizure, 1996, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ambulatory Care; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsies, Partial; Epilepsy, Generalized; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reference Values; Valproic Acid	1996
Reduction in blood free carnitine levels in association with changes in sodium valproate (VPA) disposition in epileptic patients treated with VPA and other anti-epileptic drugs. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1997, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Valproic Acid	1997
Carnitine for valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia. The American journal of psychiatry, 1997, Volume: 154, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Bipolar Disorder; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia); Carnitine; Depressive Disorder; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Urea; Valproic Acid	1997
Diet- and valproate-induced transient hyperammonemia: effect of L-carnitine. Pediatric neurology, 1997, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Diet; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Prospective Studies; Valproic Acid	1997
[Evaluation of the effect of long term valproic acid treatment on plasma levels of carnitine, ammonia and amino acids related to the urea cycle in pediatric epileptic patients]. Revista de neurologia, 1997, Volume: 25, Issue:143 Topics: Adolescent; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Glutamine; Glycine; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Ornithine; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Urea; Valproic Acid	1997
Valproate-associated carnitine deficiency and malignant cerebral edema in the absence of hepatic failure. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 1997, Volume: 35, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Edema; Carnitine; Epilepsy, Complex Partial; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Valproic Acid	1997
Asymptomatic hyperammonemia in children treated with valproic acid. Journal of child neurology, 1997, Volume: 12, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Liver Diseases; Male; Valproic Acid	1997
Valproate treatment induces lipid globule accumulation with ultrastructural abnormalities of mitochondria in skeletal muscle. Neuropediatrics, 1997, Volume: 28, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondria, Muscle; Myocardium; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Valproic Acid	1997
Valproate therapy does not deplete carnitine levels in otherwise healthy children. Pediatrics, 1998, Volume: 101, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Child; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Reference Values; Valproic Acid	1998
Successful treatment by direct hemoperfusion of coma possibly resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction in acute valproate intoxication. Epilepsia, 1997, Volume: 38, Issue:8 Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Carnitine; Charcoal; Coma; Drug Overdose; Female; Glasgow Coma Scale; Hemoperfusion; Humans; Lactates; Mitochondria; Valproic Acid	1997
Effect of carnitine on valproic acid concentrations in serum, brain, and liver. Pediatric neurology, 1998, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Carnitine; Drug Synergism; Liver; Male; Organ Specificity; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stimulation, Chemical; Tissue Distribution; Valproic Acid	1998
Complications of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsia, 1998, Volume: 39, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Combined Modality Therapy; Epilepsy; Follow-Up Studies; Food, Formulated; Humans; Hypoproteinemia; Infant; Ketosis; Liver Diseases; Liver Function Tests; Prospective Studies; Valproic Acid	1998
L-carnitine supplementation in childhood epilepsy: current perspectives. Epilepsia, 1998, Volume: 39, Issue:11 Topics: Age Factors; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Food, Formulated; Humans; Infant; Valproic Acid	1998
Effect of long-term valproic acid administration on the efficiency of carnitine reabsorption in humans. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1999, Volume: 48, Issue:1 Topics: Absorption; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Humans; Kidney; Male; Valproic Acid	1999
Influence of valproic acid on the expression of various acyl-CoA dehydrogenases in rats. Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society, 1999, Volume: 41, Issue:1 Topics: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Long-Chain; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Fatty Acids; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Starvation; Valproic Acid	1999
Intractable epilepsy. Lancet (London, England), 1999, Apr-10, Volume: 353, Issue:9160 Topics: Abdominal Pain; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid	1999
Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia in children receiving valproic acid with and without other anticonvulsant drugs. International journal of clinical & laboratory research, 1999, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Valproic Acid	1999
[A case report of valproate encephalopathy]. Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology, 1999, Volume: 39, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Diseases; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Mitochondria; Valproic Acid	1999
Effect of valproic acid on the expression of acyl-CoA dehydrogenases in various tissues. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1999, Volume: 466 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Fatty Acid Desaturases; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Liver; Male; Mitochondria; Muscle, Skeletal; Myocardium; Protein Biosynthesis; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Transcription, Genetic; Valproic Acid	1999
[Antiepileptic drugs and carnitine]. Revista de neurologia, 2000, Volume: 30 Suppl 1 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Phenobarbital; Valproic Acid	2000
Functional and pharmacological characterization of human Na(+)-carnitine cotransporter hOCTN2. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2000, Volume: 279, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Emetine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lipotropic Agents; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Microinjections; Oocytes; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pentanoic Acids; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; RNA, Complementary; Sodium; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Tetraethylammonium; Tritium; Valproic Acid; Xenopus laevis	2000
Effect of L-carnitine treatment for valproate-induced hepatotoxicity. Neurology, 2001, May-22, Volume: 56, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Infant; Liver; Liver Diseases; Male; Retrospective Studies; Sex Factors; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid	2001
Simultaneous side effects of both clozapine and valproate. Intensive care medicine, 2001, Volume: 27, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antipsychotic Agents; Carnitine; Clozapine; Coma; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Valproic Acid	2001
Valproate induces in vitro accumulation of long-chain fatty acylcarnitines. Molecular genetics and metabolism, 2001, Volume: 73, Issue:4 Topics: Carnitine; Cell Line; Fatty Acids; Fibroblasts; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein; Multienzyme Complexes; Palmitic Acid; Valproic Acid	2001
Effect of L-carnitine treatment for valproate-induced hepatotoxicity. Neurology, 2002, Feb-12, Volume: 58, Issue:3 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Epilepsy; Humans; Liver Diseases; Valproic Acid	2002
Characterization of plasma acylcarnitines in patients under valproate monotherapy using ESI-MS/MS. Clinical biochemistry, 2001, Volume: 34, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Leucine; Male; Middle Aged; Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein; Multienzyme Complexes; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Valerates; Valproic Acid	2001
Complete beta-oxidation of valproate: cleavage of 3-oxovalproyl-CoA by a mitochondrial 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase. The Biochemical journal, 2002, Mar-15, Volume: 362, Issue:Pt 3 Topics: Acetyl-CoA C-Acyltransferase; Acyl Coenzyme A; Animals; Carnitine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Deuterium Oxide; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Valproic Acid	2002
Protocols for identifying drug-nutrient interactions in patients: the role of the dietitian. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2002, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Biotin; Calcium; Carnitine; Dietetics; Edema; Folic Acid; Food-Drug Interactions; Humans; Middle Aged; Seizures; Serum Albumin; Valproic Acid; Weight Gain	2002
Studies on functional sites of organic cation/carnitine transporter OCTN2 (SLC22A5) using a Ser467Cys mutant protein. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2002, Volume: 302, Issue:3 Topics: Algorithms; Amino Acid Sequence; Anticonvulsants; Binding Sites; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Humans; Kinetics; Membrane Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Organic Anion Transporters; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Sodium; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Tetraethylammonium; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Valproic Acid	2002
Carnitine level in Chinese epileptic patients taking sodium valproate. Pediatric neurology, 2003, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Asian People; Carnitine; Child; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Valproic Acid	2003
Carnitine. Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:6 Topics: Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Humans; Valproic Acid	2003
Role of carnitine in valproic acid toxicity. Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:6 Topics: Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Humans; Valproic Acid	2003
Interaction between anticonvulsants and human placental carnitine transporter. Epilepsia, 2004, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Acetates; Amines; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Culture Techniques; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Epilepsy; Female; Fructose; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Lamotrigine; Models, Biological; Nipecotic Acids; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Phenytoin; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Proteins; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Tiagabine; Topiramate; Triazines; Valproic Acid; Vigabatrin	2004
[Haemodialysis, L-carnitine therapy and valproic acid overdose]. Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 2004, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Brain Edema; Carnitine; Drug Overdose; Humans; Male; Renal Dialysis; Suicide, Attempted; Valproic Acid	2004
Antiepileptic drugs alter reproductive endocrine hormones in men with epilepsy. European journal of neurology, 2005, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Androstenedione; Anticonvulsants; C-Peptide; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Dihydrotestosterone; Epilepsy; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Humans; Insulin; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; Testosterone; Valproic Acid	2005
Sodium valproate -- induced skeletal myopathy. Indian journal of pediatrics, 2005, Volume: 72, Issue:3 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Humans; Male; Muscular Diseases; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Deficiency	2005
L-carnitine was safely administered in the setting of valproate toxicity. The American journal of emergency medicine, 2005, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Data Collection; Humans; Infant; Middle Aged; Poison Control Centers; Valproic Acid	2005
Carnitine levels in valproic acid-treated psychiatric patients: a cross-sectional study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2005, Volume: 66, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amylases; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Liver Function Tests; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Valproic Acid	2005
Acute valproate poisoning: pharmacokinetics, alteration in fatty acid metabolism, and changes during therapy. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 2005, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Edema; Carnitine; Drug Overdose; Fatty Acids; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Mitochondria; Oxidation-Reduction; Pancreatitis; Renal Dialysis; Valproic Acid	2005
Involvement of recognition and interaction of carnitine transporter in the decrease of L-carnitine concentration induced by pivalic acid and valproic acid. Pharmaceutical research, 2006, Volume: 23, Issue:8 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Algorithms; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; LLC-PK1 Cells; Pentanoic Acids; Swine; Valproic Acid	2006
Effects of valproate on acylcarnitines in children with epilepsy using ESI-MS/MS. Epilepsia, 2007, Volume: 48, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Valproic Acid	2007
[A severe disabled case of incomplete Fanconi syndrome after discontinuation of carnitine supplementation during valproate sodium therapy]. No to hattatsu = Brain and development, 2007, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Disabled Children; Fanconi Syndrome; Female; Humans; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Deficiency	2007
Toxicity of valproic acid in mice with decreased plasma and tissue carnitine stores. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2008, Volume: 324, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Fatty Liver; Liver; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Muscle, Skeletal; Tissue Distribution; Valproic Acid	2008
Case files of the Children's Hospital of Michigan Regional Poison Control Center: the use of carnitine for the management of acute valproic acid toxicity. Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 2007, Volume: 3, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Carnitine; Charcoal; Humans; Male; Michigan; Poison Control Centers; Poisoning; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2007
A case of hemoperfusion and L-carnitine management in valproic acid overdose. The American journal of emergency medicine, 2008, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Charcoal; Drug Overdose; Female; Hemoperfusion; Humans; Suicide, Attempted; Valproic Acid	2008
Two cases of valproic acid poisoning treated with L-carnitine. Human & experimental toxicology, 2007, Volume: 26, Issue:12 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Carnitine; Depression; Drug Overdose; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2007
Role of Na+/L-carnitine transporter (OCTN2) in renal handling of pivaloylcarnitine and valproylcarnitine formed during pivalic acid-containing prodrugs and valproic acid treatment. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 2008, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Humans; Kidney; Male; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Pentanoic Acids; Prodrugs; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Valproic Acid	2008
[Correlation between renal tubular dysfunction and serum carnitine deficiency in cases with valproate therapy]. No to hattatsu = Brain and development, 2009, Volume: 41, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fanconi Syndrome; Female; Humans; Male; Mitochondrial Diseases; Valproic Acid	2009
Clinical outcomes and low-dose levocarnitine supplementation in psychiatric inpatients with documented hypocarnitinemia: a retrospective chart review. Journal of psychiatric practice, 2010, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antimanic Agents; Black or African American; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Cognition Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Retrospective Studies; Sex Factors; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid	2010
Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy, rapidly improved by i.v. carnitine and glucose/thiamine. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2010, Volume: 45, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glucose; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Sweetening Agents; Thiamine; Time Factors; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2010
Clinical correlates of low serum carnitine levels in hospitalized psychiatric patients. The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, 2011, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antimanic Agents; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Inpatients; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Polypharmacy; Retrospective Studies; Schizophrenia; Valproic Acid	2011
Evaluation of valproate effects on acylcarnitine in epileptic children by LC-MS/MS. Brain & development, 2011, Volume: 33, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Liquid; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Linear Models; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Valproic Acid	2011
[Acute valproic acid intoxication: interest of a treatment by extracoporeal elimination combined with L-carnitine]. Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 2011, Volume: 30, Issue:10 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Acute Lung Injury; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Cranial Nerve Diseases; Electroencephalography; Female; Hemofiltration; Humans; Respiration, Artificial; Status Epilepticus; Suicide, Attempted; Thrombocytopenia; Valproic Acid; Young Adult	2011
Rare magnetic resonance imaging findings in medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. Pediatric neurology, 2011, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Anticonvulsants; Basal Ganglia; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carnitine; Cerebral Infarction; Child, Preschool; Glasgow Coma Scale; Humans; Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Liver Function Tests; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Respiration, Artificial; Seizures; Valproic Acid	2011
The consequences of valproate overdose. Clinical chemistry, 2011, Volume: 57, Issue:9 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis, Lactic; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Drug Overdose; Epilepsy; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Hypernatremia; Male; Valproic Acid	2011
Carnitine supplementation for valproate-related hyperammonemia to maintain therapeutic valproate level. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Carnitine; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Schizophrenia; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2011
A case of acute valproic acid poisoning treated successfully with L-carnitine. European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine, 2012, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Epilepsies, Partial; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2012
Analysis of acylcarnitine levels by tandem mass spectrometry in epileptic children receiving valproate and oxcarbazepine. Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape, 2011, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Oxcarbazepine; Prospective Studies; Seizures; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Valproic Acid	2011
Serum carnitine levels and levocarnitine supplementation in institutionalized Huntington's disease patients. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2013, Volume: 34, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Databases, Factual; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Huntington Disease; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Nutritional Status; Retrospective Studies; Valproic Acid	2013
Levocarnitine-induced hypophosphatemia in a hemodialysis patient with acute valproic acid toxicity. The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2012,Winter, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Bipolar Disorder; Carnitine; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female; Humans; Hypophosphatemia; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2012
Effect of short- and long-term treatment with valproate on carnitine homeostasis in humans. Therapeutic drug monitoring, 2012, Volume: 34, Issue:4 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Adult; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carnitine; Cell Line; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; HEK293 Cells; Homeostasis; Humans; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Valproic Acid	2012
[Evaluation of serum total carnitine values in persons with severe motor and intellectual disabilities with enteral (tube) feeding]. No to hattatsu = Brain and development, 2012, Volume: 44, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Cerebral Palsy; Chromosome Aberrations; Disabled Persons; Enteral Nutrition; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Valproic Acid	2012
[L-carnitine in valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia]. Medicina intensiva, 2014, Volume: 38, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2014
[Valproic acid-induced idiosyncratic liver injury in 4 cases]. Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics, 2012, Volume: 50, Issue:12 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder; DNA Mutational Analysis; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Liver; Liver Function Tests; Male; Retrospective Studies; Valproic Acid	2012
[Carnitine deficiency with valproate sodium therapy--the difference by normal diet and enteral nutrition]. No to hattatsu = Brain and development, 2013, Volume: 45, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Dietary Supplements; Enteral Nutrition; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Valproic Acid; Young Adult	2013
Exacerbation of mood symptoms associated to primary and secondary carnitine deficiency: a case report. Boletin de la Asociacion Medica de Puerto Rico, 2013, Volume: 105, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Antimanic Agents; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Benzodiazepines; Carnitine; Citalopram; Depressive Disorder; Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders; Drug Substitution; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex; Lorazepam; Male; Mood Disorders; Olanzapine; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Valproic Acid	2013
Valproate-induced hyperammonemia in juvenile ceroid lipofuscinosis (Batten disease). Seizure, 2014, Volume: 23, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Brain Diseases; Carnitine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex; Young Adult	2014
Hyperammonemia associated with valproic acid concentrations. BioMed research international, 2014, Volume: 2014 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Bipolar Disorder; Carnitine; Child; Dietary Supplements; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Saliva; Valproic Acid; Young Adult	2014
Ammonia encephalopathy and awake craniotomy for brain language mapping: cause of failed awake craniotomy. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2015, Volume: 62, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Local; Anticonvulsants; Aphasia; Benzodiazepines; Brain Diseases; Brain Mapping; Brain Neoplasms; Carnitine; Clobazam; Conscious Sedation; Consciousness Disorders; Craniotomy; Dominance, Cerebral; Frontal Lobe; Glioma; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intraoperative Complications; Language; Levetiracetam; Male; Middle Aged; Piperidines; Piracetam; Propofol; Remifentanil; Seizures; Temporal Lobe; Valproic Acid	2015
Carnitine deficiency: Risk factors and incidence in children with epilepsy. Brain & development, 2015, Volume: 37, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Diet, Ketogenic; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Incidence; Infant; Japan; Male; Muscular Diseases; Risk Factors; Valproic Acid	2015
[Cerebral oedema caused by sodium valproate]. Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja, 2014, Volume: 130, Issue:18 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Edema; Carnitine; Combined Modality Therapy; Critical Care; Humans; Renal Dialysis; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex	2014
Reversible weakness and encephalopathy while on long-term valproate treatment due to carnitine deficiency. BMJ case reports, 2015, Sep-02, Volume: 2015 Topics: Adult; Antimanic Agents; Brain Diseases; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Muscle Weakness; Muscular Diseases; Psychotic Disorders; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid	2015
Effects of Carnitine on Valproic Acid Pharmacokinetics in Rats. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2016, Volume: 105, Issue:10 Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Animals; Carnitine; Drug Interactions; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Valproic Acid	2016
Metabolite profiling of whole murine embryos reveals metabolic perturbations associated with maternal valproate-induced neural tube closure defects. Birth defects research, 2017, 01-30, Volume: 109, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Folic Acid; Lipids; Male; Metabolome; Mice; Neural Tube; Neural Tube Defects; Neurulation; Penetrance; Pregnancy; Purines; Pyrimidines; Teratogens; Valproic Acid	2017
L-Arginine in the treatment of valproate overdose - five clinical cases. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2017, Volume: 55, Issue:4 Topics: Acyl Coenzyme A; Adult; Amino-Acid N-Acetyltransferase; Ammonia; Arginine; Carnitine; Coma; Drug Overdose; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Renal Dialysis; Valproic Acid	2017
L-Carnitine supplementation to reverse hyperammonemia in a patient undergoing chronic valproic acid treatment: A case report. The Journal of international medical research, 2017, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Seizures; Valproic Acid	2017
Risk factors for sodium valproate-induced renal tubular dysfunction. Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2018, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; beta 2-Microglobulin; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Chi-Square Distribution; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Drug Monitoring; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid; Young Adult	2018
[Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy]. Revista de neurologia, 2017, Dec-16, Volume: 65, Issue:12 Topics: Acetamides; Anticonvulsants; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Coma; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Epilepsies, Partial; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Lacosamide; Lactulose; Middle Aged; Models, Biological; Valproic Acid; Young Adult	2017
Multifactorial non-cirrhotic hyperammonaemic encephalopathy. BMJ case reports, 2018, Mar-09, Volume: 2018 Topics: Acetylcysteine; Aftercare; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Carnitine; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Tract Infections; Valproic Acid	2018
Carnitine Deficiency in Chinese Children with Epilepsy on Valproate Monotherapy. Indian pediatrics, 2018, 03-15, Volume: 55, Issue:3 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Beijing; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Child, Preschool; Deficiency Diseases; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Valproic Acid	2018
Sodium valproate-induced Fanconi syndrome in two severely disabled patients receiving carnitine supplementation. Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2019, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Disabled Persons; Epilepsy; Fanconi Syndrome; Female; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male; Valproic Acid; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin B Deficiency	2019
Evaluation ofserum free carnitine/acylcarnitine levels and left ventricular systolic functions in children with idiopathic epilepsy receiving valproic acid. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 2018, Volume: 170 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Electrocardiography; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid; Ventricular Function, Left	2018
Serum carnitine levels of children with epilepsy: Related factors including valproate. Brain & development, 2019, Volume: 41, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Body Mass Index; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cognitive Dysfunction; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Retrospective Studies; Valproic Acid; Young Adult	2019
Effects of levetiracetam and valproic acid treatment on liver function tests, plasma free carnitine and lipid peroxidation in childhood epilepsies. Epilepsy research, 2019, Volume: 153 Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Deoxyguanosine; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Levetiracetam; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Liver Function Tests; Male; Malondialdehyde; Retrospective Studies; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Valproic Acid	2019
Intravenous use of valproic acid in status epilepticus is associated with high risk of hyperammonemia. Seizure, 2019, Volume: 69 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Injections, Intravenous; Intensive Care Units; Male; Middle Aged; Status Epilepticus; Valproic Acid	2019
Association Between the Serum Carnitine Level and Ammonia and Valproic Acid Levels in Patients with Bipolar Disorder. Therapeutic drug monitoring, 2020, Volume: 42, Issue:5 Topics: Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Bipolar Disorder; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Valproic Acid	2020
Selenium and L-carnitine protects from valproic acid-Induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damages in rat cortical neurons. Drug and chemical toxicology, 2022, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Selenium; Sodium Selenite; Valproic Acid	2022
The correlation between carbamazepine and valproic acid monotherapy with serum adiponectin and carnitine. Acta neurologica Belgica, 2021, Volume: 121, Issue:6 Topics: Adiponectin; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Biomarkers; Carbamazepine; Carnitine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Valproic Acid; Young Adult	2021
Thinking out of the box: management of valproic acid toxicity with carbapenems. BMJ case reports, 2021, Mar-10, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carbapenems; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Meropenem; Valproic Acid	2021
Carnitine supplementation prevents carnitine deficiency caused by pivalate-conjugated antibiotics in patients with epilepsy prescribed valproate. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2021, Volume: 117 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Epilepsy; Humans; Valproic Acid	2021
Managing valproic acid toxicity-related hyperammonaemia: an unpredicted course. BMJ case reports, 2021, Apr-19, Volume: 14, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Brain Diseases; Carnitine; Drug Overdose; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Valproic Acid; Young Adult	2021
Factors associated with blood carnitine levels in adult epilepsy patients with chronic valproic acid therapy. Epilepsy research, 2021, Volume: 175 Topics: Adult; Amino Acids; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Humans; Valproic Acid	2021
Effects of l-carnitine supplementation in patients with childhood-onset epilepsy prescribed valproate. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2021, Volume: 122 Topics: Carnitine; Child; Dietary Supplements; Epilepsy; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Valproic Acid	2021
Evaluation of levocarnitine, lactulose, and combination therapy for the treatment of valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia in critically ill patients. Epilepsy research, 2021, Volume: 178 Topics: Carnitine; Cohort Studies; Critical Illness; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Lactulose; Retrospective Studies; Valproic Acid	2021
Protective effects of L-carnitine against valproic acid-induced memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior in adult rat. Physiology & behavior, 2022, 09-01, Volume: 253 Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Carnitine; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Valproic Acid	2022
Quantitative systems pharmacology Model to characterize valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia and the effect of L-carnitine supplementation. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023, Apr-01, Volume: 183 Topics: Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Drug Overdose; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Network Pharmacology; Valproic Acid	2023
Embryonic exposure to acetyl-L-carnitine protects against valproic acid-induced cardiac malformation in zebrafish model. Amino acids, 2023, Volume: 55, Issue:5 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Animals; Carnitine; Heart; Valproic Acid; Zebrafish	2023
Valproate induced carnitine deficiency and hyperammonaemia. Clinical medicine (London, England), 2023, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Valproic Acid	2023