vacuolin-1 and pepstatin

Cancer cells invade by secreting enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix and these are sequestered in lysosomal vesicles. In this study, the effects of the selective lysosome lysing drug GPN and the lysosome exocytosis inhibitor vacuolin-1 on lysosome exocytosis were studied to determine their effect on glioma cell migration and invasion. Both GPN and vacuolin-1 evidently inhibited migration and invasion in transwell experiments and scratch experiments. There are more lysosomes located on the cell membrane of glioma cells than of astrocytes. GPN decreased the lysosome number on the cell membrane. We found that rab27A was expressed in glioma cells, and colocalized with cathepsin D in lysosome. RNAi-Rab27A inhibited lysosome cathepsin D exocytosis and glioma cell invasion in an in vitro assay. Inhibition of cathepsin D inhibited glioma cell migration. The data suggest that the inhibition of lysosome exocytosis from glioma cells plays an important modulatory role in their migration and invasion.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Astrocytes; Cathepsin D; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Dipeptides; Exocytosis; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Glioma; Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; Humans; Lysosomal Membrane Proteins; Lysosomes; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Pepstatins; Protein Transport; rab GTP-Binding Proteins; rab27 GTP-Binding Proteins; RNA Interference