urea has been researched along with glutamic acid in 156 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 30 (19.23) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 32 (20.51) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 55 (35.26) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 34 (21.79) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 5 (3.21) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Barnes, JC; Bradley, P; Day, NC; Fourches, D; Reed, JZ; Tropsha, A | 1 |
| Cattano, C; Nissim, I; Yudkoff, M | 1 |
| Dejong, CH; Deutz, NE; Kampman, MT; Soeters, PB | 1 |
| Berry, MN; Gregory, RB; Phillips, JW | 1 |
| Bain, SA; Leon, A; Levick, WR | 1 |
| Abumrad, NN; Becker, T; Geer, RJ; Lacy, DB; Wasserman, DH; Williams, PE | 1 |
| Austgen, TR; Chen, MK; Flynn, TC; Souba, WW | 1 |
| Brini, CM; Cyr, DM; Egan, SG; Tremblay, GC | 1 |
| Blachier, F; Gomis, R; Malaisse, WJ; Mourtada, A; Sener, A | 1 |
| Farrow, NA; Kanamori, K; Parivar, F; Ross, BD | 1 |
| Clark, BF; Cool, RH; Harmark, K; Parmeggiani, A | 1 |
| Aubry, C; Dupuy, G; Lespinas, F; Revol, F | 1 |
| Klemme, JH | 1 |
| Gerok, W; Häussinger, D; Stehle, T | 1 |
| Gerok, W; Häussinger, D; Sies, H | 1 |
| Pisarenko, OI; Studneva, IM | 1 |
| Baryshnikov, VA; Ermolina, LA; Turova, NF | 1 |
| Cabo, J; del Prado Míguez, M; Jordá, A | 1 |
| Coleman, AE; Cooper, AJ; Filc-DeRicco, S; Gelbard, AS; Nieves, E | 1 |
| Häussinger, D | 1 |
| Andre, NM; Kilroe-Smith, TA; Krengel, B | 1 |
| Chang, TM; Ilan, E | 1 |
| Brusilow, SW; Cooper, AJ; Filc-DeRicco, S; Gelbard, AS; Nieves, E; Rosenspire, KC | 1 |
| Huntington, GB; Reynolds, CK; Reynolds, PJ; Tyrrell, HF | 1 |
| Sutiak, V; Sutiaková, I | 1 |
| Golden, MH; Jackson, AA; Jahoor, F | 1 |
| Häggblom, P; Orvehed, M; Söderhäll, K | 1 |
| Hirasawa, T; Saheki, T; Yajima, Y | 1 |
| Chang, TM; Yu, YT | 1 |
| Zollner, H | 1 |
| Crisanti, MM; Gepner, GL; Manz, JT; Matthews, CR | 1 |
| Baverel, G; Martin, G | 1 |
| McGivan, JD; Staddon, JM | 1 |
| Fahimi, FM; Kientsch-Engel, RI; Siess, EA; Wieland, OH | 1 |
| Bindels, JG; Franzke, V; Harzer, G | 1 |
| Hems, R | 1 |
| Chandramouli, V; Ekberg, K; Kalhan, SC; Kumaran, K; Landau, BR; Schumann, WC; Wahren, J | 1 |
| Hodges, RS; Kay, CM; Kohn, WD; Monera, OD | 1 |
| Magasanik, B; Stanbrough, M | 1 |
| Gross, KL; Prior, RL | 1 |
| Dejong, CH; Deutz, NE; Soeters, PB | 1 |
| Ingham, KC; Medved, LV; Vysotchin, A | 1 |
| Hartman, WJ; Prior, RL; Torre, PM | 1 |
| Ohsuye, K; Suzuki, Y; Yabuta, M | 1 |
| Hayase, K; Yonekawa, G; Yoshida, A | 1 |
| Albrecht, GJ; Beck, FX; Dörge, A; Sone, M; Thurau, K | 1 |
| Horowitz, PM; Luo, GX | 1 |
| Butterworth, RF; Qureshi, IA; Ratnakumari, L | 1 |
| Jonsson, T; Sauer, RT; Waldburger, CD | 1 |
| Hampl, H; Nündel, M; Riedel, E; Steudle, V | 1 |
| Lowe, ME | 1 |
| Ash, JF; Igo, RP | 1 |
| Ungerstedt, U | 1 |
| Fulton, KF; Jackson, SE; Main, ER | 1 |
| Butterworth, RF; Kircheis, G; Michalak, A; Pannunzio, P; Quack, G; Rose, C; Therrien, G | 1 |
| Huang, ZX; Qian, W; Sun, YL; Wang, YH; Xie, Y; Zhuang, JH | 1 |
| Cavagnero, S; Dyson, HJ; Wright, PE | 1 |
| Dodzin, ME; Vinogradova, KA | 1 |
| Watford, M | 1 |
| Mellergård, P; Nordström, CH; Reinstrup, P; Ståhl, N; Ungerstedt, U; Uski, T | 1 |
| Bré, MH; Dallai, R; Levilliers, N; Mencarelli, C | 1 |
| Ali, AM; Rossouw, HC; Silove, M; Walt, JG | 1 |
| Ross, BD | 1 |
| Engel, PC; Hayden, BM | 1 |
| Chijang, CC; Hwang, B; Idota, T; Lau, BH; Sugawara, M; Wu, ZC | 1 |
| Changchien, LM; Hardy, LW; Maley, F; Saxl, RL | 1 |
| Irún, MP; Maldonado, S; Sancho, J | 1 |
| Camarero, JA; Cowburn, D; Fushman, D; Giriat, I; Muir, TW; Raleigh, DP; Sato, S | 1 |
| Bigotti, MG; Brunori, M; Cutruzzolà, F; Gianni, S; Travaglini-Allocatelli, C | 1 |
| Hahn, P; Hellwig, E; Maragakis, GM | 1 |
| Lobley, GE; Milano, GD | 1 |
| Ahlemeyer, B; Assmann, B; Exner-Camps, S; Hoffmann, GF; Hörster, F; Kohlmüller, D; Kölker, S; Krieglstein, J; Mayatepek, E; Okun, JG | 1 |
| Kelly, A; Stanley, CA | 1 |
| Frick, NT; Wright, PA | 1 |
| Karlsson, T; Nordgren, A; Wiklund, L | 2 |
| Gether, U; Klaeke, DA; MacAulay, N; Zeuthen, T | 1 |
| Hagen, SJ; Nakamura, E | 1 |
| Armstrong, RN; Codreanu, SG; Dirr, HW; Hornby, JA | 1 |
| Berndt, KD; Chiaraluce, R; Consalvi, V; Ladenstein, R; Lebbink, JH | 1 |
| Bender, RA; Janes, BK; Rosario, CJ | 1 |
| Bracht, A; Bracht, L; Ishii-Iwamoto, EL; Kelmer-Bracht, AM; Lousano, SH; Yassuda Filho, P | 1 |
| Meijer, AJ | 1 |
| Ma, K; Wang, K | 1 |
| Banerjee, R; Bhattacharyya, A; Lahiri, S; Mandal, AK; Roy, S; Samaddar, S | 1 |
| ALBERTI, M; REBECCHI, M | 1 |
| TURSKY, T | 1 |
| BONDENHEIMER, E; FASMAN, GD; LINDBLOW, C | 1 |
| RIGBI, M; SELA, M | 1 |
| Dal Molin, F; Montecucco, C; Naletto, L; Romanello, V; Tonello, F | 1 |
| Gushansky, G; Sachs, G; Scott, DR; Weeks, DL | 1 |
| BEATON, JR; CAVAN, MJ; LAU, RE; McGANITY, WJ; McHENRY, EW; WATT, GL | 1 |
| Leese, HJ; Orsi, NM | 1 |
| Dabos, KJ; Hayes, PC; Hewage, CH; Howie, AF; Nelson, LJ; Parkinson, JA; Plevris, JN; Sadler, IH | 1 |
| Karim, QN; Sidebotham, RL; Spencer, J; Worku, ML | 1 |
| Balvay, S; Levillain, O; Peyrol, S | 1 |
| Chao, BB; Peng, YP; Qiu, YH; Wang, JJ | 1 |
| Caldovic, L; Lopez, GY; Morizono, H; Panglao, MG; Shi, D; Summar, ML; Tuchman, M | 1 |
| De Lorenzi, E; Emgenbroich, M; Hall, AJ; Manesiotis, P; Quaglia, M; Sellergren, B | 1 |
| Hayase, K; Lyou, S; Sano, A; Tujioka, K; Yokogoshi, H | 1 |
| Beuria, TK; Mukherjee, A; Panda, D; Santra, MK | 1 |
| Fukaya, Y; Hayase, K; Sano, A; Tujioka, K; Yokogoshi, H | 1 |
| Marti, DN | 1 |
| Baldwin, RL; Bequette, BJ; Oba, M; Owens, SL | 1 |
| Chang, CH; Cheng, CY; Li, YK; Wu, YJ | 1 |
| Anderson, C; Hillman, J; Mellergård, P; Milos, P; Sjögren, F; Yu, ZQ | 1 |
| Bramhall, SR; Buckels, JA; Mayer, D; Mirza, DF; Murphy, N; Richards, DA; Silva, MA; Wigmore, SJ | 1 |
| De Lorenzi, E; Hall, AJ; Manesiotis, P; Quaglia, M; Sellergren, B | 1 |
| Brandon, TR; Lampi, KJ; Oxford, JT; Takata, T | 1 |
| Bracht, A; Comar, JF; Nascimento, EA; Suzuki-Kemmelmeier, F | 1 |
| Abee, T; Mols, M | 1 |
| Demeler, B; Lampi, KJ; Oxford, JT; Takata, T | 1 |
| Castillo, L; Roth, RM; Tharakan, JF; Young, VR; Yu, YM; Zurakowski, D | 1 |
| Ashida, H; Kada, S; Kaga, T; Yabusaki, M; Yoshida, K | 1 |
| Papoutsakis, ET; Senger, RS | 1 |
| Banerjee, SR; Barinka, C; Byun, Y; Castanares, M; Chen, Y; Dusich, CL; Kozikowski, AP; Lubkowski, J; Mease, RC; Pomper, MG | 1 |
| Bryan, MA; Sharp, KA; Vanderkooi, JM; Zelent, B | 1 |
| Abib, RT; Biasibetti, R; Gonçalves, CA; Gottfried, C; Kleinkauf-Rocha, J; Leite, MC; Perry, ML; Quincozes-Santos, A; Ribeiro, LC; Rotta, LN; Wofchuk, ST | 1 |
| Goto, M; Inoue, M; Matsuki, H; Mohd Ismail, NI; Nagahama, M; Nambu, Y; Nisimoto, M; Tsuji, A; Yuasa, K; Yuasa, T | 1 |
| Doong, RA; Shih, HM | 1 |
| Egea, J; Gadotti, VM; López, MG; Martins, DF; Mazzardo-Martins, L; Nascimento, FP; Rosa, AO; Santos, AR | 1 |
| Demura, S; Komatsu, M; Morishita, K; Yamada, T; Yamaji, S | 1 |
| Goyagi, T; Nishikawa, T; Tobe, Y | 1 |
| Bouchon, B; C-Gaudreault, R; Chambon, C; Chezal, JM; Communal, Y; Degoul, F; Fortin, S; Lacroix, J; Miot-Noirault, E; Moreau, E; Trzeciakiewicz, A | 1 |
| Hayase, K; Ohsumi, M; Tujioka, K; Yokogoshi, H | 1 |
| de Bittencourt, PI; Flatt, PR; Krause, MS; McClenaghan, NH; Murphy, C; Newsholme, P | 1 |
| Bachini, F; Bassini, A; Cameron, LC; de Castro, LE; de Magalhães Neto, AM; Resende, NM | 1 |
| Aston-Jones, G; Mahler, SV; Smith, RJ | 1 |
| Gowda, DC; Sharma, A; Suhas, R | 1 |
| Babich, JW; Eckelman, WC; Hillier, SM; Joyal, JL; Lu, G; Maresca, KP; Marquis, JC; Merkin, RD; Zimmerman, CN | 1 |
| Banu, SH; Chandana, KV; Channe Gowda, D; Sharma, A; Suhas, R | 1 |
| Jiang, J; Li, Y; Shi, F; Xie, Y | 1 |
| Amadeo, A; Aracri, P; Banfi, D; Becchetti, A; Pasini, ME | 1 |
| Huang, B; Joice, M; Kotlyar, A; Otis, J; Thomas, TP | 1 |
| Azim, K; Butt, A; Cantù, C; Draganova, K; Fischer, B; Hurtado-Chong, A; Raineteau, O; Sommer, L; Zemke, M | 1 |
| Mondal, P; Trigun, SK | 1 |
| Calderón-Leyva, G; García-Martinez, A; Mellado, M; Meza-Herrera, CA; Serradilla, JM; Soto-Sanchez, MJ; Veliz-Deras, FG | 1 |
| Ju, WT; Jung, WJ; Park, RD; Song, YS | 1 |
| Cross, M; Dirr, H; Fanucchi, S; Fernandes, M | 1 |
| Ding, R; Ge, X; Li, C; Li, G; Lu, H | 1 |
| Elahdadi Salmani, M; Goudarzi, E; Goudarzi, I; Lashkarbolouki, T | 1 |
| Ramakrishnan, A; Renuka, M; Vijayakumar, N | 1 |
| Bottrel, N; Corum, DG; Drevets, WC; Fiehn, O; Kaddurah-Daouk, R; Motsinger-Reif, A; Rotroff, DM; Salvadore, G; Singh, J | 1 |
| Azizi, H; Hooshmand, B; Javan, M; Semnanian, S | 1 |
| Koster, J; Lasky, JL; Lin, HJ; Panosyan, EH | 1 |
| Ishimura, T; Moffett, JR; Neale, JH; Nonaka, T; Yamada, T; Yamamoto, T; Zuo, D | 1 |
| Makhatadze, GI; Pandharipande, PP; Papini, CM; Royer, CA | 1 |
| Holmberg, AR; Lennartsson, L; Marquez, M; Meurling, L; Nilsson, S | 1 |
| Brunelle, EK; Hair, ME; Halámek, J; Halámková, L; Mathis, AI | 1 |
| An, R; Chen, C; Chen, J; Huang, F; Jiang, Q; Li, M; Li, T; Li, Y; Sun, J; Sun, Z; Tang, Z; Wu, L; Wu, Z; Xu, Q; Yang, J; Yin, Y; Zhang, X; Zhao, S; Zhen, J; Zhu, W | 1 |
| Chun, S; Chung, HJ; Jeong, BH; Kim, HK; Kwon, YD; La, MT; Lee, SH; Lee, SJ; Oh, JM | 1 |
| Buhrow, SA; Gonsalves, WI; Hitosugi, S; Hitosugi, T; Loa, ST; Reid, JM; Sreedhar, A; Wiese, EK | 1 |
| Bazer, FW; Cleere, JJ; Gilbreath, KR; Satterfield, MC; Wu, G | 1 |
| Amini, M; Atyabi, F; Dinarvand, R; Goodarzi, N; Saeedian Moghadam, E; Saniee, F; Shabani Ravari, N | 1 |
| Lu, L; Ma, D; Xi, Z; Yang, C; Yang, X | 1 |
| Chen, Y; Koutsogiannaki, S; Lee, JC; Li, Y; Maisat, W; Shibamura-Fujiogi, M; Wang, X; Yuki, K | 1 |
7 review(s) available for urea and glutamic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Organic nitrogen metabolism of phototrophic bacteria.
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Bacteria; Carbon; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Nitrogen; Purines; Pyrimidines; Urea | 1989 |
[Streptomyces L-glutamate oxidase: use in clinical and fundamental medicine].
Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Biosensing Techniques; Central Nervous System; Creatinine; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Magnesium; Mammals; NAD; NADP; Streptomyces; Urea | 1999 |
Glutamine and glutamate metabolism across the liver sinusoid.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Liver; Urea | 2000 |
Real or imaginary? Human metabolism through nuclear magnetism.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Brain; Down Syndrome; Glutamic Acid; History, 20th Century; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol; Liver; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Metabolism; Muscle, Skeletal; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Urea | 2000 |
Chemomechanical caries removal: a comprehensive review of the literature.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Chloramines; Collagen; Dental Caries; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Materials; Dental Pulp; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Leucine; Lysine; Patient Satisfaction; Time Factors; Urea | 2001 |
Disorders of glutamate metabolism.
Topics: Acetyltransferases; Amino-Acid N-Acetyltransferase; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Bacterial Proteins; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10; Exons; Female; Gene Expression; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Hypoglycemia; Infant; Liver; Male; Nitrogen; Point Mutation; Pyridoxine; Seizures; Urea; X Chromosome | 2001 |
Amino acids as regulators and components of nonproteinogenic pathways.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cell Size; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Insulin; Islets of Langerhans; Metabolism; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Signal Transduction; Urea | 2003 |
6 trial(s) available for urea and glutamic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate administration to malnourished hemodialysis patients improves plasma arginine concentrations.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arginine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Humans; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition Disorders; Phosphates; Proline; Reference Values; Renal Dialysis; Time Factors; Urea | 1996 |
Adaptation to a long term (4 weeks) arginine- and precursor (glutamate, proline and aspartate)-free diet.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Carbon Isotopes; Citrulline; Diet; Dietary Proteins; Female; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Isotope Labeling; Kinetics; Leucine; Male; Nitrogen Isotopes; Oxidation-Reduction; Proline; Time Factors; Urea | 2008 |
The effect of L-ornithine hydrochloride ingestion on performance during incremental exhaustive ergometer bicycle exercise and ammonia metabolism during and after exercise.
Topics: Ammonia; Athletes; Athletic Performance; Cross-Over Studies; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Exercise; Exercise Test; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Muscle Fatigue; Ornithine; Oxygen Consumption; Physical Endurance; Time Factors; Urea; Young Adult | 2010 |
Glutamate supply positively affects serum cholesterol concentrations without increases in total protein and urea around the onset of puberty in goats.
Topics: Age Factors; Animal Feed; Animals; Blood Proteins; Cholesterol; Dietary Supplements; Female; Glutamic Acid; Goats; Sexual Maturation; Urea | 2014 |
Pyruvate is an effective substitute for glutamate in regulating porcine nitrogen excretion.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Cell Line; Diet; Diet, Protein-Restricted; Dietary Proteins; Dietary Supplements; Energy Metabolism; Epithelial Cells; Glutamic Acid; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Nitrogen; Oxidation-Reduction; Pyruvic Acid; Swine; Urea | 2018 |
Ruminal microbes of adult sheep do not degrade extracellular l-citrulline.
Topics: Ammonia; Animal Feed; Animals; Arginine; Bacteria; Citrulline; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Ornithine; Proline; Rumen; Sheep; Urea | 2020 |
143 other study(ies) available for urea and glutamic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
Topics: Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cluster Analysis; Databases, Factual; Humans; MEDLINE; Mice; Models, Chemical; Molecular Conformation; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship | 2010 |
Relative role of the glutaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and AMP-deaminase pathways in hepatic ureagenesis: studies with 15N.
Topics: AMP Deaminase; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Isotope Labeling; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Nitrogen Isotopes; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1992 |
Altered glutamine metabolism in rat portal drained viscera and hindquarter during hyperammonemia.
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hindlimb; Intestinal Mucosa; Ischemia; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscles; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Regional Blood Flow; Urea; Viscera | 1992 |
Reducing-equivalent transfer to the mitochondria during gluconeogenesis and ureogenesis in hepatocytes from rats of different thyroid status.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Cells, Cultured; Cytoplasm; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Male; Malonates; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thyroid Gland; Urea | 1992 |
Hypokalaemic episodic polymyopathy in cats fed a vegetarian diet.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Creatine Kinase; Creatinine; Diet, Vegetarian; Erythrocytes; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypokalemia; Male; Muscular Diseases; Potassium; Taurine; Thiamine Deficiency; Transketolase; Urea | 1992 |
Interaction of gut and liver in nitrogen metabolism during exercise.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Dogs; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Artery; Intestinal Mucosa; Liver; Nitrogen; Physical Exertion; Portal Vein; Regional Blood Flow; Splanchnic Circulation; Urea | 1991 |
The effects of endotoxin on the splanchnic metabolism of glutamine and related substrates.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; DNA; Endotoxins; Escherichia coli; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Intestinal Mucosa; Liver; Liver Circulation; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1991 |
On the mechanism of inhibition of gluconeogenesis and ureagenesis by sodium benzoate.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzoates; Benzoic Acid; Bicarbonates; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia); Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Activation; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Orotic Acid; Pyruvate Carboxylase; Rats; Sodium; Sodium Bicarbonate; Urea | 1991 |
Metabolic and secretory response of parotid cells to cationic amino acids. Uptake and catabolism of L-arginine and L-ornithine.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Arginine; Citrulline; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; NADP; Ornithine; Oxidation-Reduction; Parotid Gland; Rats; Transglutaminases; Urea | 1991 |
A 15N-n.m.r. study of cerebral, hepatic and renal nitrogen metabolism in hyperammonaemic rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Inactivation, Metabolic; Kidney; Liver; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Methionine Sulfoximine; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1990 |
The functional and structural roles of residues Gln114 and Glu117 in elongation factor Tu.
Topics: Cations, Divalent; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; GTP Phosphohydrolase-Linked Elongation Factors; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Elongation Factor Tu; Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Temperature; Thermodynamics; Urea | 1990 |
Enzymic urea assay: a new colorimetric method based on hydrogen peroxide measurement.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Aminopyrine; Ammonia; Colorimetry; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Horseradish Peroxidase; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Pyruvate Kinase; Spectrophotometry; Urea; Urease | 1989 |
Glutamine metabolism in isolated perfused rat liver. The transamination pathway.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cinnamates; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Liver; Male; Methionine; Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters; Perfusion; Phenylpyruvic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transaminases; Urea | 1985 |
Functional hepatocyte heterogeneity in ammonia metabolism. The intercellular glutamine cycle.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Ammonia; Animals; Bicarbonates; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Liver; Male; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1985 |
[Mechanisms of ammonia binding in the heart muscle].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1985 |
[Characteristics of the amino acid spectrum of the blood of children with intellectual deficiency].
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Child; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male; Movement Disorders; Polyamines; Syndrome; Urea | 1986 |
Inhibition of ureogenesis in isolated rat liver cells by a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (butibufen).
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia); Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ligases; Liver; Male; Ornithine; Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Phenylbutyrates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1986 |
Short-term metabolic fate of [13N]ammonia in rat liver in vivo.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Carbamyl Phosphate; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citrulline; Cytoplasm; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hepatic Veins; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1987 |
Regulation of hepatic ammonia metabolism: the intercellular glutamine cycle.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Extracellular Space; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1986 |
Elevated glutamic acid values in a malnourished patient. A case report.
Topics: Ammonia; Aspartic Acid; Ethanolamines; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Middle Aged; Nutrition Disorders; Pellagra; Proline; Urea | 1987 |
Conversion of ammonia to glutamate by L-glutamic dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase and NAD+ immobilized within lipid-polyamide polyethyleneimine microcapsules.
Topics: Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Ammonia; Capsules; Enzymes, Immobilized; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lipids; NAD; Polyethyleneimine; Toxins, Biological; Urea; Uremia | 1987 |
Short-term metabolic fate of 13N-labeled glutamate, alanine, and glutamine(amide) in rat liver.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Veins; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Radioisotopes; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transaminases; Urea | 1988 |
Net portal-drained visceral and hepatic metabolism of glucose, L-lactate, and nitrogenous compounds in lactating holstein cows.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Cattle; Female; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lactates; Lactation; Liver; Nitrogen; Pregnancy; Urea | 1988 |
[Testing the effectiveness of a combination of glutamic and citric acid against the lethal effects of urea and ammonia in sheep].
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Citrates; Citric Acid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Urea | 1988 |
In vivo metabolism of nitrogen precursors for urea synthesis in the postprandial rat.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Food; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kidney; Liver; Male; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Rats; Urea | 1988 |
Nitrogen inhibition of mycotoxin production by Alternaria alternata.
Topics: Alternaria; Fumarates; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactones; Mitosporic Fungi; Mycotoxins; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Urea | 1988 |
Treatment of adult-type citrullinemia with administration of citrate.
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Circadian Rhythm; Citrates; Citric Acid; Citrulline; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactulose; Male; Middle Aged; Urea | 1981 |
Lipid-nylon membrane artificial cells containing multienzyme systems, cofactors and substrates for the sequential conversion of ammonia and urea into glutamate.
Topics: Ammonia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lipids; Membranes, Artificial; Multienzyme Complexes; Nylons; Urea | 1981 |
Regulation of the n-acetylglutamate content of rat hepatocytes by the glutamate concentration.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Citrulline; Diet; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Ornithine; Rats; Urea | 1982 |
Effect of a single amino acid substitution on the folding of the alpha subunit of tryptophan synthase.
Topics: Circular Dichroism; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kinetics; Peptide Fragments; Protein Conformation; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tryptophan Synthase; Urea | 1983 |
Lactate, alanine and glutamine metabolism in isolated canine pup liver cells.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Dogs; Female; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver; Male; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1983 |
Distinct effects of glucagon and vasopressin on proline metabolism in isolated hepatocytes. The role of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Calcium; Glucagon; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex; Ketoglutaric Acids; Ketone Oxidoreductases; Liver; Male; Proline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea; Vasopressins | 1984 |
Possible role of Pi supply in mitochondrial actions of glucagon.
Topics: Animals; Cell Compartmentation; Citrulline; Glucagon; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hormones; In Vitro Techniques; Liver; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Phosphates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1984 |
Human milk nonprotein nitrogen components: changing patterns of free amino acids and urea in the course of early lactation.
Topics: Amino Acids; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactation; Milk, Human; Nitrogen; Pregnancy; Time Factors; Urea | 1984 |
Mitochondrial compartmentation of metabolic CO2 resulting from its site of origin in relation to urea synthesis.
Topics: Acetazolamide; Alanine; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Cell Compartmentation; Dichloroacetic Acid; Formates; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Mitochondria, Liver; Pyruvates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1984 |
Estimates of Krebs cycle activity and contributions of gluconeogenesis to hepatic glucose production in fasting healthy subjects and IDDM patients.
Topics: Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood Glucose; Carbon Radioisotopes; Case-Control Studies; Citric Acid Cycle; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Fasting; Female; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Kinetics; Lactates; Liver; Male; Models, Biological; Radioisotope Dilution Technique; Reference Values; Urea | 1995 |
The effects of interhelical electrostatic repulsions between glutamic acid residues in controlling the dimerization and stability of two-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coils.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Chromatography, Gel; Circular Dichroism; Disulfides; Glutamic Acid; Guanidine; Guanidines; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Oxidation-Reduction; Peptides; Potassium Chloride; Protein Binding; Protein Denaturation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Scattering, Radiation; Thermodynamics; Ultracentrifugation; Urea | 1995 |
Transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of the general amino acid permease of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems; Ammonia; Cloning, Molecular; DNA-Binding Proteins; Fungal Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione Peroxidase; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nitrogen Compounds; Phosphorylation; Prions; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Repressor Proteins; Restriction Mapping; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic; Urea | 1995 |
Dietary arginine deficiency and gut ammonium infusion alter flux of urea cycle intermediates across the portal-drained viscera of pigs.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Arginine; Citrulline; Diet; Digestive System; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lysine; Ornithine; Portal Vein; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Regional Blood Flow; Swine; Urea; Viscera | 1995 |
Renal ammonia and glutamine metabolism during liver insufficiency-induced hyperammonemia in the rat.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidney; Kinetics; Liver Failure; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regional Blood Flow; Time Factors; Urea | 1993 |
Ca(2+)-dependent interactions between Gla and EGF domains in human coagulation factor IX.
Topics: Calcium; Chromatography, Gel; Epidermal Growth Factor; Factor IX; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Humans; Molecular Weight; Peptide Fragments; Protein Denaturation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Urea | 1994 |
Dietary citrulline but not ornithine counteracts dietary arginine deficiency in rats by increasing splanchnic release of citrulline.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Arginine; Blood Flow Velocity; Body Weight; Citrulline; Creatinine; Diet; Food; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Ornithine; Orotic Acid; Proline; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Splanchnic Circulation; Urea | 1994 |
Cloning and expression of the gene encoding the glutamic acid-specific protease of Streptomyces griseus ATCC10137.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Bacterial; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Serine Endopeptidases; Streptomyces griseus; Urea | 1994 |
Arginine affects urea synthesis in rats treated with thyroid hormone.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Male; Propylthiouracil; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Triiodothyronine; Urea | 1993 |
Osmotic adaptation of renal medullary cells during transition from chronic diuresis to antidiuresis.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chlorides; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cryoultramicrotomy; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Diuresis; Electron Probe Microanalysis; Furosemide; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kidney Medulla; Male; Methylamines; Osmosis; Polymers; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Taurine; Urea | 1993 |
The folding and stability of rhodanese are influenced by the replacement of glutamic acid 17 in the NH2-terminal helix by proline but not by glutamine.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; Enzyme Stability; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kinetics; Models, Structural; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Proline; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase; Urea | 1993 |
Effect of L-carnitine on cerebral and hepatic energy metabolites in congenitally hyperammonemic sparse-fur mice and its role during benzoate therapy.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Animals; Benzoates; Benzoic Acid; Body Weight; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carnitine; Coenzyme A; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Energy Metabolism; Genetic Linkage; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hair Diseases; Ketoglutaric Acids; Lactates; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase; Pyruvates; Time Factors; Urea | 1993 |
Barriers to protein folding: formation of buried polar interactions is a slow step in acquisition of structure.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Arginine; Calorimetry; DNA-Binding Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Kinetics; Macromolecular Substances; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Osmolar Concentration; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Repressor Proteins; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Urea; Viral Proteins; Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; Viscosity | 1996 |
Mutation of the catalytic site Asp177 to Glu177 in human pancreatic lipase produces an active lipase with increased sensitivity to proteases.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Baculoviridae; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Endopeptidases; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lipase; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Pancreas; Protein Denaturation; Spodoptera; Transfection; Urea | 1996 |
New mutations and phenotypes associated with glutamate and aspartate transport in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Brain Chemistry; Carrier Proteins; Cell Membrane; Cell Membrane Permeability; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Glycoproteins; Hybrid Cells; Kinetics; Mice; Mutation; Phenotype; RNA, Messenger; Symporters; Urea; Water | 1996 |
Microdialysis--a new technique for monitoring local tissue events in the clinic.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Critical Care; Diabetes Mellitus; Equipment Design; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Hypoxia; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Care, Neonatal; Ischemia; Lactates; Microdialysis; Monitoring, Physiologic; Pyruvates; Skin; Urea | 1997 |
Context-dependent nature of destabilizing mutations on the stability of FKBP12.
Topics: Arginine; Carrier Proteins; DNA-Binding Proteins; Drug Stability; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Proteins; Isoleucine; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Denaturation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Tacrolimus; Tacrolimus Binding Proteins; Urea | 1998 |
L-ornithine-L-aspartate in experimental portal-systemic encephalopathy: therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of action.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Dipeptides; Glutamic Acid; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Male; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Urea | 1998 |
The influence of mutation at Glu44 and Glu56 of cytochrome b5 on the protein's stabilization and interaction between cytochrome c and cytochrome b5.
Topics: Animals; Apoproteins; Cytochrome c Group; Cytochromes b5; Electrochemistry; Energy Transfer; Entropy; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Heme; Horses; Hot Temperature; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Myoglobin; Oxidation-Reduction; Solutions; Temperature; Urea | 1998 |
Effect of H helix destabilizing mutations on the kinetic and equilibrium folding of apomyoglobin.
Topics: Apoproteins; Asparagine; Circular Dichroism; Fluorescence Polarization; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mutagenesis; Myoglobin; Protein Conformation; Protein Folding; Urea | 1999 |
Intracerebral microdialysis in clinical practice: baseline values for chemical markers during wakefulness, anesthesia, and neurosurgery.
Topics: Adult; Amino Acids; Anesthesia, General; Blood Glucose; Energy Metabolism; Female; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Neuroma, Acoustic; Pyruvic Acid; Reference Values; Urea; Wakefulness | 2000 |
Accessory tubules and axonemal microtubules of Apis mellifera sperm flagellum differ in their tubulin isoform content.
Topics: Acetylation; Animals; Bees; Glutamic Acid; Glycosylation; Insect Proteins; Male; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Microtubules; Protein Isoforms; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Sarcosine; Sperm Tail; Tubulin; Tyrosine; Urea | 2000 |
Development of an improved technique for the perfusion of the isolated caudal lobe of sheep liver.
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycogen; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver; Microscopy, Electron; Nitrogen; Oxygen Consumption; Perfusion; Potassium; Propionates; Sheep; Urea | 2000 |
Construction, separation and properties of hybrid hexamers of glutamate dehydrogenase in which five of the six subunits are contributed by the catalytically inert D165S.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Allosteric Site; Amino Acid Substitution; Catalysis; Chromatography, Affinity; Clostridium; Coloring Agents; Cysteine; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Ligands; Mutation; NAD; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Protein Renaturation; Protein Structure, Quaternary; Protein Subunits; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Triazines; Ultrafiltration; Urea | 2001 |
Crude protein content and amino acid composition in Taiwanese human milk.
Topics: Adult; Amino Acids; Colostrum; Ethanolamines; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactation; Milk Proteins; Milk, Human; Taiwan; Urea | 2000 |
Parameters affecting the restoration of activity to inactive mutants of thymidylate synthase via subunit exchange: further evidence that thymidylate synthase is a half-of-the-sites activity enzyme.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Binding Sites; Dimerization; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Ethanol; Ethylene Glycol; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Peptide Fragments; Solutions; Temperature; Thymidylate Synthase; Tyrosine; Urea | 2001 |
Stabilization of apoflavodoxin by replacing hydrogen-bonded charged Asp or Glu residues by the neutral isosteric Asn or Gln.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Anabaena; Apoproteins; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Circular Dichroism; Cyanobacteria; Flavodoxin; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hot Temperature; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Urea | 2001 |
Rescuing a destabilized protein fold through backbone cyclization.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Circular Dichroism; Cyclization; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Ligands; Mice; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Weight; Protein Denaturation; Protein Engineering; Protein Folding; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-crk; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; src Homology Domains; Thermodynamics; Urea | 2001 |
Snapshots of protein folding. A study on the multiple transition state pathway of cytochrome c(551) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Topics: Acids; Bacterial Proteins; Cytochrome c Group; Fluorescence; Glutamic Acid; Guanidine; Hydrogen Bonding; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Static Electricity; Thermodynamics; Tryptophan; Urea | 2001 |
Liver nitrogen movements during short-term infusion of high levels of ammonia into the mesenteric vein of sheep.
Topics: Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Ammonia; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Biological Transport; Cross-Over Studies; Glutamic Acid; Infusions, Intravenous; Liver; Male; Mesenteric Veins; Nitrogen; Ornithine; Sheep; Time Factors; Urea | 2001 |
3-Ureidopropionate contributes to the neuropathology of 3-ureidopropionase deficiency and severe propionic aciduria: a hypothesis.
Topics: Animals; beta-Alanine; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System; Chick Embryo; Citrulline; Electron Transport; Energy Metabolism; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Formamides; Glutamic Acid; Mitochondria; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Oxidative Stress; Propionates; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Urea | 2001 |
Nitrogen metabolism and excretion in the mangrove killifish Rivulus marmoratus II. Significant ammonia volatilization in a teleost during air-exposure.
Topics: Air; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Arginase; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases; Fundulidae; Gills; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Nitrogen; Ornithine; Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase; Urea; Volatilization | 2002 |
Glutamine concentration and tissue exchange with intravenously administered alpha-ketoglutaric acid and ammonium: a dose-response study in the pig.
Topics: Acidosis; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Injections, Intravenous; Ketoglutaric Acids; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Random Allocation; Splanchnic Circulation; Swine; Urea; Viscera | 2002 |
Passive water and urea permeability of a human Na(+)-glutamate cotransporter expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Permeability; Sodium; Temperature; Urea; Water; Xenopus laevis | 2002 |
Role of glutamine and arginase in protection against ammonia-induced cell death in gastric epithelial cells.
Topics: Ammonia; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Arginase; Cell Death; Cell Line; Epithelial Cells; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Kinetics; Methylamines; Rats; Stomach; Urea; Vacuoles | 2002 |
Molecular recognition at the dimer interface of a class mu glutathione transferase: role of a hydrophobic interaction motif in dimer stability and protein function.
Topics: Amino Acid Motifs; Arginine; Chromatography, Gel; Dimerization; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione Transferase; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nanotechnology; Phenylalanine; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Serine; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Structure-Activity Relationship; Urea | 2002 |
Structural and thermodynamic studies on a salt-bridge triad in the NADP-binding domain of glutamate dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima: cooperativity and electrostatic contribution to stability.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cysteine; Enzyme Stability; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Guanidine; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; NADP; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Salts; Serine; Static Electricity; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thermodynamics; Thermotoga maritima; Urea | 2002 |
Isolation of a negative control mutant of the nitrogen assimilation control protein, NAC, in Klebsiella aerogenes.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; DNA-Binding Proteins; Enterobacter aerogenes; Enzyme Repression; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Trans-Activators; Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic; Urea | 2003 |
The urea cycle in the liver of arthritic rats.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Aspartic Acid; Citrulline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Kidney; Lactic Acid; Liver; Male; Models, Biological; Oxygen; Perfusion; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Urea | 2003 |
Malleable conformation of the elastic PEVK segment of titin: non-co-operative interconversion of polyproline II helix, beta-turn and unordered structures.
Topics: Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Circular Dichroism; Connectin; Elasticity; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscle Proteins; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Osmolar Concentration; Peptides; Proline; Protein Conformation; Protein Kinases; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Salts; Stereoisomerism; Trifluoroethanol; Urea; Valine | 2003 |
Glutamate counteracts the denaturing effect of urea through its effect on the denatured state.
Topics: Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases; Animals; Betaine; Carbonic Anhydrases; Cattle; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Inositol; Kinetics; Methylamines; Oxidants; Potassium Chloride; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Sorbitol; Spectrophotometry; Temperature; Thermodynamics; Time Factors; Trypsin; Tubulin; Urea | 2003 |
[The anti-azotemic activity of the gamma-ethyl-ester of glutamic acid].
Topics: Blood Urea Nitrogen; Esters; Gamma Rays; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Urea | 1960 |
[The effect of ammonium cations and urea on the decarboxylase of glutamic acid in the brain].
Topics: Ammonia; Ammonium Compounds; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carboxy-Lyases; Cations; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Urea | 1961 |
CONFORMATIONAL STUDIES ON SYNTHETIC POLY-ALPHA-AMINO ACIDS: FACTORS INFLUENCING THE STABILITY OF THE HELICAL CONFORMATION OF POLY-L-GLUTAMIC ACID AND COPOLYMERS OF L-GLUTAMIC ACID AND L-LEUCINE.
Topics: Amino Acids; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Dioxins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycols; Leucine; Lithium; Molecular Conformation; Peptides; Polymers; Research; Sodium Chloride; Surface-Active Agents; Temperature; Urea | 1964 |
INHIBITION OF TRYPSIN BY COPOLYMERS OF GLUTAMIC ACID AND OTHER AMINO ACIDS.
Topics: Amino Acids; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chymotrypsin; Colorimetry; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Peptides; Phenylalanine; Research; Trypsin; Trypsin Inhibitors; Tyrosine; Urea | 1964 |
Tyrosine-728 and glutamic acid-735 are essential for the metalloproteolytic activity of the lethal factor of Bacillus anthracis.
Topics: Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Antigens, Bacterial; Bacillus anthracis; Bacterial Toxins; Carrier Proteins; Catalysis; Circular Dichroism; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione Transferase; Histidine; Macrophages; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrophotometry; Time Factors; Tyrosine; Urea; Zinc | 2004 |
Mechanism of proton gating of a urea channel.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Biological Transport; Cell Membrane; Glutamic Acid; Helicobacter hepaticus; Helicobacter pylori; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Membrane Transport Proteins; Models, Biological; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protons; RNA; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Streptococcus; Urea; Urease; Xenopus; Xenopus laevis | 2004 |
The levels of several metabolites in blood and urine during normal pregnancy.
Topics: Blood; Body Fluids; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Plasma; Pregnancy; Pyridines; Urea; Urine | 1951 |
Ammonium exposure and pyruvate affect the amino acid metabolism of bovine blastocysts in vitro.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Arginine; Blastocyst; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Fertilization in Vitro; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Pyruvic Acid; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Urea | 2004 |
Comparison of bioenergetic activity of primary porcine hepatocytes cultured in four different media.
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Albumins; Amino Acids; Animals; Cell Survival; Cell Transplantation; Culture Media; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Energy Metabolism; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Hepatocytes; Keto Acids; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Succinates; Swine; Time Factors; Urea | 2004 |
Chemotactic response of Helicobacter pylori to human plasma and bile.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Adult; Amino Acids; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Bile; Bile Acids and Salts; Chemotactic Factors; Chemotaxis; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Helicobacter pylori; Histidine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Plasma; Taurocholic Acid; Taurodeoxycholic Acid; Urea | 2004 |
Localization and differential expression of arginase II in the kidney of male and female mice.
Topics: Animals; Arginase; Arginine; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cytosol; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kidney Tubules; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mitochondria; Molecular Sequence Data; Ornithine; Putrescine; RNA, Messenger; Sex Characteristics; Urea | 2005 |
Effect of lesions of cerebellar fastigial nuclei on lymphocyte functions of rats.
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain Chemistry; Brain Diseases; Cell Death; Cell Proliferation; Cerebellar Nuclei; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Flow Cytometry; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Kainic Acid; Killer Cells, Natural; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Macrolides; Quinolines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Staining and Labeling; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles; Time Factors; Urea | 2005 |
Late onset N-acetylglutamate synthase deficiency caused by hypomorphic alleles.
Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alleles; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Amino-Acid N-Acetyltransferase; Animals; Brain Death; Catalysis; Child; Consensus Sequence; Dietary Proteins; DNA Mutational Analysis; Fatal Outcome; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Infant, Newborn; Learning Disabilities; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Multiple Trauma; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation, Missense; Point Mutation; Postoperative Complications; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; RNA Splice Sites; Substrate Specificity; Urea; Vertebrates | 2005 |
Urea host monomers for stoichiometric molecular imprinting of oxyanions.
Topics: Anions; Benzoates; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Structure; Urea; Vinyl Compounds | 2005 |
Changes in tissue protein synthesis are involved in regulating urea synthesis in rats given proteins of different quality.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Caseins; Dietary Proteins; Egg Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutens; Homeostasis; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; Serine; Urea | 2004 |
A natural osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide promotes assembly and bundling of the bacterial cell division protein, FtsZ and counteracts the denaturing effects of urea.
Topics: Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates; Bacterial Proteins; Cell Division; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Guanidine; Methylamines; Parasympathomimetics; Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Urea | 2005 |
Role of N-acetylglutamate turnover in urea synthesis of rats given proteins of different quality.
Topics: Acetyltransferases; Amino-Acid N-Acetyltransferase; Animals; Caseins; Dietary Proteins; Egg Proteins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutens; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Urea | 2005 |
Apparent pKa shifts of titratable residues at high denaturant concentration and the impact on protein stability.
Topics: Aspartic Acid; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Glutamic Acid; Guanidine; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lysine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Protein Folding; Proteins; Sensitivity and Specificity; Titrimetry; Urea | 2005 |
Metabolic fates of ammonia-N in ruminal epithelial and duodenal mucosal cells isolated from growing sheep.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Citrulline; Duodenum; Epithelium; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Intestinal Mucosa; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Rumen; Sheep; Urea | 2005 |
Exploration of glycosyl hydrolase family 75, a chitosanase from Aspergillus fumigatus.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Aspergillus fumigatus; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Liquid; Circular Dichroism; Cloning, Molecular; DNA; DNA Primers; DNA, Complementary; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Gene Library; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mass Spectrometry; Models, Genetic; Molecular Sequence Data; Multigene Family; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; Oligosaccharides; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Sorting Signals; Recombinant Proteins; RNA; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Substrate Specificity; Temperature; Urea | 2006 |
Intracerebral microdialysis in neurosurgical intensive care patients utilising catheters with different molecular cut-off (20 and 100 kD).
Topics: Brain Chemistry; Brain Injuries; Catheters, Indwelling; Cerebral Cortex; Coma; Critical Care; Extracellular Fluid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Lactic Acid; Membranes, Artificial; Microdialysis; Molecular Weight; Monitoring, Physiologic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurochemistry; Predictive Value of Tests; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Urea | 2006 |
Ammonium chloride and alpha-ketoglutaric acid increase glutamine availability in the early phase of induced acute metabolic acidosis.
Topics: Acidosis; Acute Disease; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Citrulline; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intestinal Mucosa; Ketoglutaric Acids; Liver; Muscle, Skeletal; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Sus scrofa; Urea | 2006 |
Arginine and urea metabolism in the liver graft: A study using microdialysis in human orthotopic liver transplantation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arginine; Brain Death; Cadaver; Citrulline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Liver Transplantation; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Ornithine; Tissue Donors; Urea | 2006 |
Polymeric receptors for the recognition of folic acid and related compounds via substructure imprinting.
Topics: Acrylamides; Binding Sites; Carboxylic Acids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Folic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Polymers; Pteridines; Pyridines; Urea; Vitamin B Complex | 2006 |
Deamidation alters the structure and decreases the stability of human lens betaA3-crystallin.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; beta-Crystallin A Chain; Chemical Precipitation; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Circular Dichroism; Dimerization; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lens, Crystalline; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Scattering, Radiation; Urea | 2007 |
Flexibility of the hepatic zonation of carbon and nitrogen fluxes linked to lactate and pyruvate transformations in the presence of ammonia.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Carbon; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Lactates; Liver; Male; Microcirculation; Nitrogen; Perfusion; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Urea | 2007 |
Role of ureolytic activity in Bacillus cereus nitrogen metabolism and acid survival.
Topics: Acids; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacillus cereus; Culture Media; Gene Expression Profiling; Glutamic Acid; Microbial Viability; Nitrogen; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Messenger; Up-Regulation; Urea; Urease | 2008 |
Deamidation destabilizes and triggers aggregation of a lens protein, betaA3-crystallin.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; beta-Crystallin A Chain; beta-Crystallin B Chain; Circular Dichroism; Dimerization; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Humans; Lens, Crystalline; Models, Molecular; Molecular Weight; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Thermodynamics; Urea | 2008 |
Identification of two major ammonia-releasing reactions involved in secondary natto fermentation.
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Fermentation; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Soy Foods; Soybean Proteins; Urea | 2008 |
Genome-scale model for Clostridium acetobutylicum: Part I. Metabolic network resolution and analysis.
Topics: Arginine; Cell Growth Processes; Clostridium acetobutylicum; Computational Biology; Gene Knockout Techniques; Genome, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Models, Biological; Ornithine; Phosphotransferases (Carboxyl Group Acceptor); Thermodynamics; Transaminases; Urea | 2008 |
Interactions between human glutamate carboxypeptidase II and urea-based inhibitors: structural characterization.
Topics: Binding Sites; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Drug Design; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ions; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Tyrosine; Urea; Zinc | 2008 |
Influence of surface groups of proteins on water studied by freezing/thawing hysteresis and infrared spectroscopy.
Topics: Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Antifreeze Proteins; Cattle; Cytochromes c; Flounder; Freezing; Glutamic Acid; Guanidine; Methanol; Methylamines; Peptides; Polylysine; Proteins; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Sodium Acetate; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Temperature; Transition Temperature; Urea; Water | 2009 |
Caloric restriction increases hippocampal glutamate uptake and glutamine synthetase activity in Wistar rats.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Body Weight; Caloric Restriction; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Up-Regulation; Urea | 2009 |
A critical role for highly conserved Glu(610) residue of oligopeptidase B from Trypanosoma brucei in thermal stability.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Circular Dichroism; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Stability; Glucagon; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Protozoan Proteins; Salts; Serine Endopeptidases; Trypanosoma brucei brucei; Trypsin; Urea | 2010 |
Array-based titanium dioxide biosensors for ratiometric determination of glucose, glutamate and urea.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Glucose; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Glutamic Acid; Microarray Analysis; Molecular Probe Techniques; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Titanium; Urea | 2010 |
The antinociceptive effects of AR-A014418, a selective inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, in mice.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Aggression; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Azides; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Inflammation; Male; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Pain Measurement; Sugar Acids; Thiazoles; Urea; Xylose | 2011 |
Neuroprotective effects and suppression of ischemia-induced glutamate elevation by β1-adrenoreceptor antagonists administered before transient focal ischemia in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blood Gas Analysis; Body Temperature; Brain Chemistry; Consciousness Disorders; Extracellular Space; Gait Disorders, Neurologic; Glutamic Acid; Hemodynamics; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Microdialysis; Morpholines; Neuroprotective Agents; Norepinephrine; Pain Threshold; Propanolamines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex; Urea | 2011 |
Intramolecular cyclization of N-phenyl N'(2-chloroethyl)ureas leads to active N-phenyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amines alkylating β-tubulin Glu198 and prohibitin Asp40.
Topics: Alkylating Agents; Amines; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclization; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glutamic Acid; Melanoma, Experimental; Mice; Prohibitins; Repressor Proteins; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Tubulin; Urea | 2011 |
Effect of the quality of dietary amino acids composition on the urea synthesis in rats.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Caseins; Dietary Proteins; Egg Proteins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutens; Liver; Male; Methionine; Ornithine; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serine; Urea | 2011 |
L-arginine is essential for pancreatic β-cell functional integrity, metabolism and defense from inflammatory challenge.
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Animals; Arginine; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Glutathione Disulfide; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Islets of Langerhans; Models, Animal; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitrites; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Kinases; Rats; Superoxides; Urea | 2011 |
Metabolic changes during a field experiment in a world-class windsurfing athlete: a trial with multivariate analyses.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Aromatic; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Ammonia; Athletes; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Glucose; Creatine Kinase; Creatinine; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Exercise; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Insulin; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukocyte Count; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Phosphates; Physical Exertion; Potassium; Stress, Physiological; Urea | 2011 |
Interactions between VTA orexin and glutamate in cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzoxazoles; Cocaine; Cues; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Naphthyridines; Neuropeptides; Orexin Receptors; Orexins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neuropeptide; Self Administration; Signal Transduction; Urea; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2013 |
Ureas/thioureas of benzo[d]isothiazole analog conjugated glutamic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation.
Topics: Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thiazoles; Thiourea; Urea; Urease | 2013 |
99mTc-labeled small-molecule inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen for molecular imaging of prostate cancer.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Antigens, Surface; Biological Transport; Cell Line, Tumor; Chelating Agents; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lysine; Male; Mice; Molecular Imaging; Organotechnetium Compounds; Prostatic Neoplasms; Protease Inhibitors; Radiochemistry; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium; Urea | 2013 |
tert-Butyl 1,5-bis(4-(benzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1,5-dioxopentan-2-ylcarbamate urea/thiourea derivatives as potent H+/K(+)-ATPase inhibitors.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Carbamates; Gastric Mucosa; Glutamic Acid; H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Sheep; Thiazoles; Thiourea; Urea | 2013 |
Enhancement of γ-aminobutyric acid production in recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum by co-expressing two glutamate decarboxylase genes from Lactobacillus brevis.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Batch Cell Culture Techniques; Bioreactors; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Fermentation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Levilactobacillus brevis; Time Factors; Urea | 2013 |
Hypocretin (orexin) regulates glutamate input to fast-spiking interneurons in layer V of the Fr2 region of the murine prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Benzoxazoles; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Interneurons; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Naphthyridines; Neural Inhibition; Orexin Receptor Antagonists; Orexin Receptors; Orexins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Tissue Culture Techniques; Urea; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2015 |
PSMA-targeted stably linked "dendrimer-glutamate urea-methotrexate" as a prostate cancer therapeutic.
Topics: Antigens, Surface; Click Chemistry; Dendrimers; Drug Delivery Systems; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Methotrexate; Nanoparticles; Prostatic Neoplasms; Urea | 2014 |
Persistent Wnt/β-catenin signaling determines dorsalization of the postnatal subventricular zone and neural stem cell specification into oligodendrocytes and glutamatergic neurons.
Topics: Animals; beta Catenin; Blotting, Western; Cell Proliferation; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Lateral Ventricles; Mice, Transgenic; Microscopy, Confocal; Neural Stem Cells; Neurons; Oligodendroglia; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Signal Transduction; Thiazoles; Urea; Wnt3 Protein | 2014 |
Pannexin1 as a novel cerebral target in pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy.
Topics: Ammonia; Brain; Connexins; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Ion Transport; Liver Failure, Acute; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nervous System Diseases; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Oxidative Stress; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stroke; Urea | 2014 |
Enhanced production of poly-γ-glutamic acid by a newly-isolated Bacillus subtilis.
Topics: Bacillus subtilis; Culture Media; Glutamic Acid; Industrial Microbiology; Polyglutamic Acid; Sodium Chloride; Starch; Urea | 2014 |
Glutamate 85 and glutamate 228 contribute to the pH-response of the soluble form of chloride intracellular channel 1.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Chloride Channels; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Membrane Proteins; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation, Missense; Protein Stability; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Unfolding; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Solubility; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Temperature; Urea | 2015 |
In situ hydrothermal crystallization of hexagonal hydroxyapatite tubes from yttrium ion-doped hydroxyapatite by the Kirkendall effect.
Topics: Crystallization; Durapatite; Glutamic Acid; Ions; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Phosphates; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Urea; X-Ray Diffraction; Yttrium | 2014 |
Hippocampal orexin receptors inactivation reduces PTZ induced seizures of male rats.
Topics: Animals; Benzoxazoles; Convulsants; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Isoquinolines; Male; Microinjections; Naphthyridines; Orexin Receptor Antagonists; Orexin Receptors; Pentylenetetrazole; Pyridines; Rats; Seizures; Urea | 2015 |
Chrysin, a flavonoid attenuates histological changes of hyperammonemic rats: A dose dependent study.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Bilirubin; Biomarkers; Body Weight; Brain; Creatinine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flavonoids; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hyperammonemia; Kidney; Liver; Male; Models, Biological; Nitric Oxide; Rats, Wistar; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Urea; Uric Acid | 2016 |
Metabolomic signatures of drug response phenotypes for ketamine and esketamine in subjects with refractory major depressive disorder: new mechanistic insights for rapid acting antidepressants.
Topics: Adult; Arginine; Citrulline; Depressive Disorder, Major; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Indoleacetic Acids; Infusions, Intravenous; Ketamine; Male; Metabolomics; Methionine; Middle Aged; Ornithine; Phenotype; Phospholipids; Tryptophan; Urea | 2016 |
Intra-LC microinjection of orexin type-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867 attenuates the expression of glutamate-induced opiate withdrawal like signs during the active phase in rats.
Topics: Animals; Benzoxazoles; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Naphthyridines; Orexin Receptor Antagonists; Orexins; Rats, Wistar; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Urea | 2017 |
In search of druggable targets for GBM amino acid metabolism.
Topics: Amino Acids; Brain Neoplasms; Databases, Genetic; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glioblastoma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Prognosis; Survival Analysis; Urea | 2017 |
A role for the locus coeruleus in the analgesic efficacy of N-acetylaspartylglutamate peptidase (GCPII) inhibitors ZJ43 and 2-PMPA.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Formaldehyde; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Norepinephrine; Organophosphorus Compounds; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Urea | 2017 |
Putting the Piezolyte Hypothesis under Pressure.
Topics: Betaine; Calorimetry; Glutamic Acid; Hydrostatic Pressure; Models, Theoretical; Muramidase; Protein Stability; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; Sarcosine; Solutions; Temperature; Urea | 2017 |
Synthesis and Binding of a Novel PSMA-specific Conjugate.
Topics: Antigens, Surface; Cell Line, Tumor; Dextrans; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lysine; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant; Protein Binding; Radiopharmaceuticals; Urea | 2018 |
Metabolite Biometrics for the Differentiation of Individuals.
Topics: Biometric Identification; Calibration; Color; Colorimetry; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactic Acid; Sweat; Urea | 2018 |
Synthesis and Evaluation of Multifunctional Fluorescent Inhibitors with Synergistic Interaction of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen and Hypoxia for Prostate Cancer.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Surface; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Line, Tumor; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Heterografts; Humans; Lysine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Prostatic Neoplasms; Tissue Distribution; Urea | 2019 |
Reductive amination of α-Ketoglutarate in metabolite extracts results in glutamate overestimation.
Topics: Amination; Animals; Artifacts; Cell Line; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Metabolomics; Methanol; Ninhydrin; Pyridoxamine; Urea | 2020 |
Glutamate-urea-based PSMA-targeted PLGA nanoparticles for prostate cancer delivery of docetaxel.
Topics: Antigens, Surface; Antineoplastic Agents; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Line, Tumor; Docetaxel; Drug Carriers; Drug Delivery Systems; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Male; Nanoparticles; Particle Size; Polyethylene Glycols; Polyglactin 910; Prostatic Neoplasms; Time Factors; Urea | 2021 |
Synthesis of KUE-siRNA Conjugates for Prostate Cancer Cell-Targeted Gene Silencing.
Topics: Antigens, Surface; Gene Silencing; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lysine; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; RNA, Small Interfering; Urea | 2021 |
GltS regulates biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Topics: Biofilms; Cell Aggregation; Glutamic Acid; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Urea | 2022 |