ubiquinone and menaquinone-9

A novel halophilic actinobacterium, designated strain TRM 49201T, was isolated from a hypersaline soil in Xinjiang Province, north-west China. The strain was aerobic, Gram-stain-positive and halophilic. The aerial mycelium was chaotic with irregular branches, and spherical sporangia containing several spherical spores developed at mycelial aggregations. The strain had an optimum NaCl concentration for growth of 8-13 % (w/v). The whole-cell sugar pattern of strain TRM 49201T consisted of xylose and ribose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-10(H2). The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and four unknown phospholipids. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain TRM 49201T can be distinguished from representatives of Glycomyces, Stackebrandtia and Haloglycomyces, the three existing genera in the family Glycomycetaceae, based on low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities ( < 94.42 %). Strain TRM 49201T is thus considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Glycomycetaceae, for which the name Paraglycomyces xinjiangensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Paraglycomyces xinjiangensis is TRM 49201T ( = NRRL B-24926T = CCTCC AA 2013002T = KACC 17683T).

Topics: Actinomycetales; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Salinity; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Ubiquinone; Vitamin K 2

To provide insight into effects of UV pretreatment on microorganisms in subsequent biofilters, the changes of microbial community structure and metabolic characteristics of biofilters with (UV-BF) and without (BF) UV pretreatment were studied. The respiratory quinone and BIOLOG methods were used to analyze microbial community structure and metabolic characteristics, respectively. The results indicated the quinone profiles, the species of dominant quinone and its molar fraction of the biofilm in both biofilters showed different behaviors. Ubiquinones-8 and menaquinone-9(H(2)) was the dominant quinones in BF and UV-BF processes, respectively. The dissimilarity index of two biofilters markedly increased to nearly 60 after turning on the UV lamp. The microbial samples from UV-BF process showed higher metabolic activities of 0.040 cm(-1) h(-1) than 0.028 cm(-1) h(-1) in BF process. Moreover, the microorganisms in both biofilters demonstrated distinct metabolic characteristics. Further, the performance of biofilters showed good correlation with microbial community structure and metabolic characteristics.

Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Biofilms; Biotechnology; Chlorobenzenes; Filtration; Gases; Models, Statistical; Principal Component Analysis; Quinones; Ubiquinone; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin K 2; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Water Microbiology; Water Purification