ubiquinone and 2-hydroxyputrescine

A slightly beige-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, strain IMT-318

Topics: Alabama; Alcaligenaceae; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Diaminopimelic Acid; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Humic Substances; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Ubiquinone

A slightly yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, strain IMT-305T, was isolated from soil in Alabama, USA. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the strain in between the genera Pusillimonas, Parapusillimonas and Candidimonas with highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strain of Parapusillimonas granuli (97.5 %) and Candidimonas nitroreducens (97.4 %). The genomic G+C content of strain IMT-305T was 63.9 mol%. The main cellular fatty acids were C18:1ω7c, C17:0 cyclo, C16:0 and C16:1ω7c/iso-C15:0 2-OH (detected as summed feature 3). The polyamine pattern of strain IMT-305T contained the major compound putrescine and the betaproteobacterial diagnostic 2-hydroxyputrescine and the major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. Predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid and an unidentified lipid lacking any functional group. Based on phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses a novel species within a new genus, Paracandidimonas soli gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain of Paracandidimonas soli is IMT-305T (=DSM 100048T=CIP 110902T=LMG 28740T=CCM 8599T).

Topics: Alabama; Alcaligenaceae; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Ubiquinone

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile rod-shaped bacterium, designated 6-67T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Longyearbyen, Svalbard. Its taxonomic position was investigated by genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses. This isolate grew at 4-28 °C (optimum, 20 °C), at pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0-0.2 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain 6-67T contained Q-8 as a major respiratory quinone and MK-7 as a minor component; the major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and C16 : 0. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified phospholipids and one unidentified aminophospholipid. The polyamines were putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the novel strain 6-67T belonged to the family Oxalobacteraceae within the class Betaproteobacteria. The DNA G+C content of strain 6-67T was 56.21 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic data, strain 6-67T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Undibacterium, for which the name Undibacterium arcticum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 6-67T (=CCTCC AB 2015162T=KCTC 42986T).

Topics: Arctic Regions; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Oxalobacteraceae; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Svalbard; Ubiquinone

A Gram-staining-negative, facultatively aerobic, white-colony-forming bacterium, designated strain SE-S21T, was isolated from forest soil of Jeju Island in Korea. Cells were motile rods with a single polar flagellum, showing catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions. Growth was observed at 10-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 4.0-10.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-7.5) and with 0-4.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0-2 %). Only ubiquinone-8 was detected as the isoprenoid quinone, and C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo, C19 : 1ω8c cyclo and summed feature 2 (comprising C12 : 0 aldehyde and/or unknown) were found to be the major fatty acids. Phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown aminophospholipid, an unknown aminolipid and an unknown lipid were detected as the major polar lipids. Putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine were the predominant polyamines. The DNA G+C content was 61.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and DNA gyrase B gene sequences revealed that strain SE-S21T formed a phyletic lineage within the genus Pandoraea. Strain SE-S21T was most closely related to Pandoraea faecigallinarum KOxT and Pandoraea pnomenusa CCUG 38742T with 98.8 % and 98.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively. However, the DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain SE-S21T and the type strains of P. faecigallinarum and P. pnomenusa were 26.6±5.7 % and 20.5±3.7 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular features, strain SE-S21T clearly represents a novel species of the genus Pandoraea, for which the name Pandoraea terrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SE-S21T (=KACC 18127T=JCM 30137T). An emended description of the genus Pandoraea is also proposed.

Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Burkholderiaceae; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Forests; Islands; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Putrescine; Republic of Korea; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Ubiquinone

One beige-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, strain E3/4T, was isolated from a zebrafish, Danio rerio. Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate shared 98.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence identity to the type strain of Undibacterium macrobrachii and 97.8 % to the type strain of Undibacterium seohonense. Lower 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (<97.0 %) could be found in comparison with all other species of the genus Undibacterium. DNA-DNA hybridization with Undibacterium macrobrachiiLMG 26891T showed a low level of relatedness, <35 %. The main cellular fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 fatty acids (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω8c), C10 : 0 3-OH and C16 : 0. The polyamine pattern of strain E3/4T contained predominantly putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine. The major quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. Major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. On the basis of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, genomic and phenotypic analyses we propose a novel species of the genus Undibacterium, Undibacterium danionis, with strain E3/4T (=DSM 102221T=CCM 8677T=CIP 111017T) as the type strain.

Topics: Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Oxalobacteraceae; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone; Zebrafish

One beige-pigmented, Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, strain E3/2T, was isolated from a zebrafish, Daniorerio. Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate shared 97.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the species Pseudoduganella violaceinigra and between 97.4 to 97.0 % to some species of the genera Duganella and Massilia, including Duganella radicis, Duganella phyllosphaerae, Massilia dura, Massilia lutea, Duganella sacchari, Duganella zoogloeoides, Massiliaalbidiflava and Massilia umbonata. Sequence similarities to all other species were below 97 %. The main cellular fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 fatty acids (C16 : 1ω7c/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C10 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0 and C12 : 0. The polyamine pattern of strain E3/2T contained predominantly putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine. The major quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. Major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Based on phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, genomic and phenotypic analyses we propose a novel species of the genus Pseudoduganella named Pseudoduganella danionis sp. nov., with strain E3/2T (=LMG 29678T=CCM 8698T) as the type strain.

Topics: Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Oxalobacteraceae; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phosphatidylglycerols; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone; Zebrafish

A Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated SH-1T, was isolated from activated sludge in Korea. Cells were motile rods with a single polar flagellum, showing oxidase-positive and catalase-negative activities. Growth was observed at 25-40 °C (optimum, 37 °C), pH 6.0-9.5 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0-0.5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Strain SH-1T contained summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0, C12 : 0, summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C10 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids and ubiquinone-8 as the sole isoprenoid quinone. Phosphatidylethanolamine was the major polar lipid, and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, one aminophospholipid, one phospholipid, five unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified lipids were also detected as the minor polar lipids. The predominant polyamines were 2-hydroxyputrescine, cadaverine and putrescine. The DNA G+C content was 69.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SH-1T formed a tight phyletic lineage with Piscinibacter aquaticus IMCC1728T with a 98.3 % sequence similarity. However, the DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain SH-1T and the type strain of P. aquaticus was 38.0±1.8 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular properties, it is clear that strain SH-1T represents a novel species of the genus Piscinibacter, for which the name Piscinibacter defluvii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SH-1T (=KACC 18594T=JCM 31230T). An emended description of the genus Piscinibacter is also proposed.

Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Burkholderiaceae; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Putrescine; Republic of Korea; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sewage; Ubiquinone

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile bacterial isolate, designated strain NS9(T), isolated from air of the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts in Norwich, UK, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study including phylogenetic analyses based on partial 16S rRNA, gyrB and lepA gene sequences and phenotypic characterization. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of NS9(T) identified Massilia haematophila CCUG 38318(T), M. niastensis 5516S-1(T) (both 97.7% similarity), M. aerilata 5516S-11(T) (97.4%) and M. tieshanensis TS3(T) (97.4%) as the next closest relatives. In partial gyrB and lepA sequences, NS9(T) shared the highest similarities with M. haematophila CCUG 38318(T) (94.5%) and M. aerilata 5516-11(T) (94.3%), respectively. These sequence data demonstrate the affiliation of NS9(T) to the genus Massilia. The detection of the predominant ubiquinone Q-8, a polar lipid profile consisting of the major compounds diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol and a polyamine pattern containing 2-hydroxyputrescine and putrescine were in agreement with the assignment of strain NS9(T) to the genus Massilia. Major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16:0, C18: 1ω7c and C10:0 3-OH. Dissimilarities in partial lepA and gyrB gene sequences as well as results from DNA-DNA hybridizations demonstrate that strain NS9(T) is a representative of an as-yet undescribed species of the genus Massilia that is also distinguished from its close relatives based on physiological and biochemical traits. Hence, we describe a novel species, for which we propose the name Massilia norwichensis sp. nov., with the type strain NS9(T) ( = CCUG 65457(T) =LMG 28164(T)).

Topics: Air Microbiology; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Genes, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Oxalobacteraceae; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone; United Kingdom

A yellowish-pigmented bacterium, designated strain PLGR-1(T), was isolated from the root of Bergenia scopulosa collected from Taibai Mountain in Shaanxi Province, north-west China, and was subjected to a taxonomic study by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain PLGR-1(T) were Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming and motile with a single polar flagellum. Growth occurred at 7-33 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), at pH 5.0-10.0 (optimum, pH 6.0-7.0) and with 0-0.5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) and the major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c). The major polyamines were putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content was 69.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain PLGR-1(T) belonged to the class Betaproteobacteria and formed a tight phyletic lineage with members of the genus Rhizobacter. Strain PLGR-1(T) was most closely related to Rhizobacter dauci DSM 11587(T) and Rhizobacter fulvus DSM 19916(T), with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 98.5 and 98.0 %, respectively. The DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain PLGR-1(T) and the type strains of Rhizobacter dauci and Rhizobacter fulvus were 46.3 and 14.7 %, respectively. Based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic data, strain PLGR-1(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Rhizobacter, for which the name Rhizobacter bergeniae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PLGR-1(T) ( = CCTCC AB 2013018(T) = KCTC 32299(T) = LMG 27607(T)).

Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Burkholderiaceae; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; Pigmentation; Plant Roots; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Saxifragaceae; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone

A beige-pigmented bacterial strain (JM-310T), isolated from the healthy internal root tissue of 4-week-old cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, cultivar 'DES-119') in Tallassee (Macon county), Alabama, USA, was studied taxonomically. The isolate produced small rod-shaped cells, which showed a Gram-negative staining behaviour. A comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate revealed 99.2, 98.8, 98.7, 98.7, 98.1 and 97.6 % similarity to the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the type strains of Variovorax paradoxus, Variovorax boronicumulans, Variovorax ginsengisoli, Variovorax soli, Variovorax defluvii and Variovorax dokdonensis, respectively. In phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain JM-301T was placed within the monophyletic cluster of Variovorax species. The fatty acid profile of strain JM-310T consisted mainly of the major fatty acids C16 : 0, C10 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 4 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH/C16 : 1ω7c/t). The quinone system of strain JM-310T contained predominantly ubiquinone Q-8 and lesser amounts of Q-7 and Q-9. The major polyamine was putrescine and the diagnostic polyamine 2-hydroxyputrescine was detected as well. The polar lipid profile consisted of the major lipids phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphospatidylglycerol and several unidentified lipids. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments with V. paradoxus LMG 1797T, V. boronicumulans 1.22T, V. soli KACC 11579T and V. ginsengisoli 3165T gave levels of relatedness of < 70 %. These DNA-DNA hybridization results in addition to differential biochemical properties indicate clearly that strain JM-310T is a member of a novel species, for which the name Variovorax gossypii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JM-310T ( = LMG 28869T = CIP 110912T = CCM 8614T).

Topics: Alabama; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Comamonadaceae; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Gossypium; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Plant Roots; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone

Biochemical and molecular genetic studies were performed on three novel Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, bacilli-shaped organisms isolated from the tonsils of two pigs and one wild boar. The micro-organism was identified as a species of the genus Pelistega based on its cellular morphological and biochemical tests. The closest phylogenetic relative of the novel bacilli was Pelistega indica HM-7T (98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strain). groEL and gyrB sequence analysis showed interspecies divergence from the closest 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic relative, P. indica of 87.0.% and 69 %, respectively. The polyamine pattern contains predominantly putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine. The major quinone is ubiquinone Q-8 and in the polar lipid profile, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified lipid are predominant. The novel bacterial isolate can be distinguished from P. indica by several biochemical characteristics, such as the production of l-pyrrolydonil arylamidase but not gamma-glutamyl-transferase, and the utilization of different carbon sources. Based on both phenotypic and phylogenetic findings, the novel bacterium is classified as representing a novel species of the genus Pelistega, for which the name Pelistega suis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 3340-03T ( = CECT 8400T = CCUG 64465T).

Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Animals, Wild; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Palatine Tonsil; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Swine; Ubiquinone

A Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped, arsenite [As(III)]-resistant bacterium, designated strain YW8(T), was isolated from agricultural soil. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed over 97% sequence similarity to strains of the environmental species Xenophilus azovorans, Xenophilus aerolatus, Simplicispira metamorpha, Variovorax soli, and Xylophilus ampelinus. However, the phylogenetic tree indicated that strain YW8(T) formed a separate clade from Xenophilus azovorans. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed that the DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain YW8(T) and its closest phylogenetic neighbours were below 24.2-35.5%, which clearly separated the strain from these closely related species. The major cellular fatty acids of strain YW8(T) were C(16 : 0), C(17 : 0) cyclo, C(18 : 1)ω7c, and summed feature 3(C(16 : 1)ω6c and/or C(16 : 1)ω7c). The genomic DNA G+C content was 69.3 mol%, and the major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8. The predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, three unknown phospholipids, an unknown polar lipid and phosphatidylserine. The major polyamines were 2-hydroxyputrescine and putrescine. On the basis of morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, phylogenetic position, DNA-DNA hybridization and chemotaxonomic data, strain YW8(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Xenophilus, for which the name Xenophilus arseniciresistens sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is YW8(T) ( = CCTCC AB2012103(T) = KACC 16853(T)).

Topics: Agriculture; Arsenites; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; Comamonadaceae; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Soil Pollutants; Ubiquinone

A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile and short rod-shaped bacterium, strain KBL009(T), was isolated from the larval gut of Hermetia illucens. Strain KBL009(T) grew optimally at 37 °C, at pH 6.0 and with 1-2 % (w/v) NaCl. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KBL009(T) showed 97.6 % similarity to that of Paenalcaligenes hominis CCUG 53761A(T) indicating its classification with the genus Paenalcaligenes. The major fatty acids were cyclo-C17 : 0, C16 : 0 and summed feature 2 (comprising C14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C16 : 1). The respiratory quinones were ubiquinone-8 (Q-8), predominating, and a minor amount of Q-7. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown aminolipid and five unknown polar lipids. The polyamine pattern contained predominantly putrescine and relatively high amounts of spermidine. The betaproteobacterial-specific 2-hydroxyputrescine could only be detected in trace amounts. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 56.1 mol%. Results from DNA-DNA hybridization with P. hominis KCTC 23583(T) unambiguously demonstrated that strain KBL009(T) represents a novel species in the genus Paenalcaligenes. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characterization, the novel species Paenalcaligenes hermetiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KBL009(T) ( = KACC 16840(T) = JCM 18423(T)). An emended description of the genus Paenalcaligenes is also provided.

Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Diptera; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Gastrointestinal Tract; Larva; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Polyamines; Putrescine; Republic of Korea; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone

A Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain E103(T), was isolated from the skin of the medical leech Hirudo verbana. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolate was closely related to species of the genus Castellaniella. Castellaniella ginsengisoli DCY36(T) was shown to be the most closely related (98.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), followed by Castellaniella denitrificans NKNTAU(T) and Castellaniella daejeonensis MJ06(T) (both 97.8 %), then Castellaniella caeni Ho-11(T) (97.5 %). Chemotaxonomic data (major ubiquinone, Q-8; major polar lipids, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylserine; predominant polyamine, putrescine with a moderate amount of 2-hydroxyputrescine; and major fatty acids, C(17 : 0) cyclo, C(16 : 0) and summed feature 4 comprising C(16 : 1)ω7c and/or iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH) supported the affiliation of the isolate to the genus Castellaniella. DNA-DNA hybridization values with the type strains of all species of the genus Castellaniella were 23 % (reciprocal, 18 %) with C. ginsengisoli KCTC 22398(T), 20 % (26 %) with C. daejeonensis KCTC 22454(T), 11 % (58 %) with C. denitrificans DSM 11046(T) and 13 % (12 %) with C. caeni KCTC 12197(T)(.) Phenotypic differentiation of strain E103(T) from its closest neighbours was possible. Strain E103(T) therefore represents a novel species of the genus Castellaniella, for which the name Castellaniella hirudinis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain E103(T) ( = CCUG 62394(T) = LMG 26910(T)).

Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Leeches; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone

The bacterial strain C3(T) was isolated from permafrost soil in Beijicun, Mohe County, Heilongjiang province, China. Cells of strain C3(T) were Gram-stain-negative rods, 0.3-0.4 µm in diameter and 1.0-2.6 µm in length. Strain C3(T) was strictly aerobic. Growth occurred at 15-37 °C but not at 4 or 42 °C, at pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum pH 6.0-7.0) and in the presence of 0-8 g NaCl l(-1) (optimum 0-1 g l(-1)). The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain C3(T) was phylogenetically related to members of the genus Undibacterium, with similarities ranging from 94.7 to 96.5%. Strain C3(T) contained ubiquinone 8 as the major respiratory quinone. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c/C16:1ω6c), C17:0 cyclo, straight-chain C16:0, C12:0 and C10:0, unsaturated C18:1ω7c and hydroxylated fatty acids C10:0 3-OH and C12:0 2-OH. The polar lipids were mainly phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The polyamines were putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine. The DNA G+C content was 57.4 mol% (determined from Tm). Based on these results, it is concluded that strain C3(T) represents a novel species of the genus Undibacterium, for which the name Undibacterium terreum sp. nov. is proposed, with C3(T) (=CGMCC 1.10998(T)=NBRC 108789(T)) representing the type strain.

Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; Oxalobacteraceae; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Ubiquinone

The taxonomic positions of two Gram-staining-negative, psychrophilic bacteria, which were isolated from alpine glacier cryoconite and designated strains Cr4-12(T) and Cr4-35(T), were investigated using a polyphasic approach. Both novel strains contained ubiquinone Q-8 as the sole quinone, summed feature 3 (C(16:1)ω7c and/or C(16:1)ω6c) and C(16:0) as the dominant cellular fatty acids, putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine as the major polyamines, and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine as the major polar lipids. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains Cr4-12(T) and Cr4-35(T) were 61.3 mol% and 60.7 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two strains belonged to the genus Polaromonas. Although the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains Cr4-12(T) and Cr4-35(T) were very similar (98.7% sequence similarity), hybridizations indicated a DNA-DNA relatedness value of only 26.9% between the two novel strains. In pairwise comparisons with the type strains of recognized Polaromonas species, strains Cr4-12(T) and Cr4-35(T) showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 96.4-98.5% and 96.5-98.4%, respectively. Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence and DNA-DNA relatedness data, strains Cr4-12(T) and Cr4-35(T) represent two novel species within the genus Polaromonas, for which the names Polaromonas glacialis sp. nov. and Polaromonas cryoconiti sp. nov., respectively, are proposed. The type strain of Polaromonas glacialis sp. nov. is Cr4-12(T) (=DSM 24062(T) =LMG 26049(T) =KACC 15089(T)) and that of Polaromonas cryoconiti sp. nov. is Cr4-35(T) (=DSM 24248(T) =LMG 26050(T) =KACC 15090(T)).

Topics: Austria; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Comamonadaceae; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Ice Cover; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone