u-0126 and myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein-(35-55)

Zymosan has previously been reported to have both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Here we demonstrate that low dose zymosan prevented or reversed chronic and relapsing paralysis in EAE. In suppressing CNS autoimmune inflammation, zymosan not only regulated APC costimulator and MHC class II expression, but also promoted differentiation of regulatory T cells. Following adoptive transfer of zymosan-primed CD4(+) T cells, recipient mice were protected from EAE. In contrast, a MAPK inhibitor and a blocker of β-glucan, reversed the effects of zymosan. These results demonstrate that zymosan may be a promising beneficial agent for Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Topics: Adoptive Transfer; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antigens, CD; Butadienes; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Transformed; Chronic Disease; Coculture Techniques; Cytokines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression; Interferon-alpha; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mice, Transgenic; Microglia; Myelin Proteolipid Protein; Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; Nitriles; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; Secondary Prevention; Severity of Illness Index; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Time Factors; Tritium; Zymosan