thymic-factor--circulating and alanyl-glutamyl-aspartyl-glycine

The review presents the interference between thymus and pineal gland during their involution. The research data of thymus peptides influence on pineal gland and pineal peptides on thymus are summarized. Analysis of these data showed that pineal peptides (Epithalamin, Epitalon) had more effective geroprotective effect on thymus involution in comparison with geroprotective effect of thymic peptides (Thymalin, Thymogen) on involution of pineal gland. The key mechanisms of pineal peptides effect on thymus dystrophy is immunoendocrine cooperation, which is realized as transcription's activation of various proteins.

Topics: Aging; Animals; Dipeptides; Humans; Neuroimmunomodulation; Oligopeptides; Peptides; Pineal Gland; Thymus Gland; Thymus Hormones

The effects of factors from the pineal gland on the titer of thymic serum factor in the supernatant of 3-h thymus stroma cultures, number of stromal precursor fibroblasts and CD4+ cells in the bone marrow, and CD8+ cells in the spleens of adult and old CBA mice were studied in vitro. Epithalamin, Epithalon, and melatonin appreciably increased the titer of thymic serum factor in the supernatant of thymus stroma cultures from mice of different age and increased the percentage of CD4+ cells in the bone marrow suspension from old animals in vitro. The percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes decreased after incubation of splenic cells from old mice with melatonin. The percentage of bone marrow fibroblast precursor cells from adult and old mice did not appreciably change after incubation with the preparations.

Topics: Animals; Bone Marrow Cells; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Count; Melatonin; Mice; Oligopeptides; Peptides; Pineal Gland; Spleen; Thymic Factor, Circulating; Thymus Gland