tacrolimus and tranilast

Drug eluting stents have been developed in order to reduce in-stent restenosis observed with a 20 to 40% rate in bare-stents. Neoinitimal smooth muscular cells proliferation have been characterized as the corner stone of in-stent restenosis. Consequently, many anti-mitotic and anti-inflammatory drugs have been evaluated in a new stent generation, so called coated stents or drug eluting stents. Three major components must be considered to evaluate the beneficial effects: the bare-stent, the drug, and the deliverance system, most usually a polymer. For the present, sirolimus eluting stent and paclitaxel eluting stent are available in the market with the european conformity label considering evidence based medicine established in randomized trials. Both stents have been shown to reduce in-stent restenosis incidence to less than 7%. Long-term follow-up still remain expected and would give answers to two safety queries: what is about the incidence of late stent thrombosis, what is about mal-apposition consequences in clinical feature. Utilization of drug eluting stent in clinical practice must considered materials with european conformity and must applied French society of cardiology guidelines restricting implantation to patients who meet high-risk restenosis criteria. Medicoeconomic approach must be considered beneficial at the present only in patients with high restenosis risk. Long-term antiplatelet regimen of aspirin and clopidogrel must be considered to avoid late stent thrombosis.

Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Coronary Restenosis; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Paclitaxel; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Sirolimus; Stents; Tacrolimus

Topics: Administration, Topical; Hemangioma; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ointments; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Skin Neoplasms; Steroids; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome

Atopic dermatitis is a typical chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects all age groups and requires basic skin care for treatment. Anti-inflammatory and antiallergy steroids are the most frequently used treatments but they are limited due to their side effects caused by a weakening of the immune system. Many consumers focus on performance as a criterion for selecting cosmetics. However, steroids have been illegally used to improve the performance of cosmetics, and consumers have been adversely affected by the corresponding side effects. In this paper, we propose a simple and rapid method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to simultaneously analyze ten non-permitted atopic therapeutic compounds in cosmetic products: chlorpheniramine maleate, ketotifen fumarate, doxepin hydrochloride, azelastine hydrochloride, bufexamac, clotrimazole, tranilast, fusidic acid, tacrolimus, and pimecrolimus. Additionally, the major characteristic fragment ions for tacrolimus, pimecrolimus, and clotrimazole were identified by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The specificity, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, recovery, precision, accuracy, and stability of the proposed method were validated. The limit of detection and quantification were in the ranges of 5.05-203.30 pg/mL and 15.15-609.90 pg/mL, respectively. The proposed analysis method could help improve the safety management of cosmetics.

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bufexamac; Chlorpheniramine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Clotrimazole; Cosmetics; Doxepin; Fusidic Acid; Ketotifen; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phthalazines; Tacrolimus; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Deficiency of delta-sarcoglycan (delta-SG), a component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), causes skeletal muscular dystrophy and cardiomyopathy in BIO14.6 hamsters. Here, we studied the involvement of abnormal Ca2+ homeostasis in muscle degeneration and the protective effect of drugs against Ca2+ handling proteins in vivo as well as in vitro. First, we characterized the properties of cultured myotubes from muscles of normal and BIO14.6 hamsters (30-60 days old). While there were no apparent differences in the levels of expression of various Ca2+ handling proteins (L-type Ca2+ channel, ryanodine receptor, SR-Ca2+ ATPase, and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger), muscle-specific proteins (contractile actin and acetylcholine receptor), or DGC member proteins except SGs, BIO14.6 myotubes showed a high degree of susceptibility to mechanical stressors, such as cyclic stretching and hypo-osmotic stress as compared to normal myotubes, as evidenced by marked increases in creatine phosphokinase (CK) release and bleb formation. BIO14.6 myotubes showed abnormal Ca2+ homeostasis characterized by elevated cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, frequent Ca2+ oscillation, and increased 45Ca2+ uptake. These abnormal Ca2+ events and CK release were significantly prevented by Ca2+ handling drugs, tranilast, diltiazem, and FK506. The calpain inhibitor E64 prevented CK release, but not 45Ca2+ uptake. Some of these drugs (tranilast, diltiazem, and FK506) also exerted a significant protective effect for muscle degeneration in BIO14.6 hamsters and mdx mice in vivo. These observations suggest that elevated Ca2+ entry through sarcolemmal Ca2+ channels predominantly contributes to muscle degeneration and that the drugs tested here may have novel therapeutic potential against muscular dystrophy.

Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Creatine Kinase; Cricetinae; Homeostasis; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Dystrophies; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Sarcoglycans; Tacrolimus

Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG) is a rare granulomatous skin disease of unknown origin that is characterized clinically by annular patches with erythematous borders and hypopigmented centers and histologically by loss of elastic fibers and elastophagocytosis. We report a case of AEGCG in an 8-month-old boy that was successfully treated with oral tranilast and topical pimecrolimus (Elidel 1.0% cream).

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Anti-Allergic Agents; Elastic Tissue; Granuloma Annulare; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tacrolimus