swertiamarin has been researched along with gentianine* in 2 studies
2 other study(ies) available for swertiamarin and gentianine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Anti-diabetic activity of swertiamarin is due to an active metabolite, gentianine, that upregulates PPAR-γ gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells.
We have previously shown the anti-diabetic effects of swertiamarin; however, pharmacokinetic analysis showed that swertiamarin had a plasma half-life of 1.3 h. Gentianine is an active metabolite of swertiamarin that possesses a pharmacophoric moiety. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility whether the anti-diabetic effect of swertiamarin is due to gentianine. Swertiamarin treatment had no significant effect on adipogenesis, or the mRNA expression of PPAR-γ and GLUT-4; however, there was a significant increase in the mRNA expression of adiponectin. On the other hand, treatment with gentianine significantly increased adipogenesis, which was associated with a significant increase in the mRNA expression of PPAR-γ, GLUT-4 and adiponectin. These findings suggest, for the first time, that the anti-diabetic effect of swertiamarin is due to gentianine, an active metabolite of swertiamarin. Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Adipogenesis; Adiponectin; Alkaloids; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Glucose Transporter Type 4; Hypoglycemic Agents; Iridoid Glucosides; Mice; PPAR gamma; Pyrones; Up-Regulation | 2013 |
Determination of novel nitrogen-containing metabolite after oral administration of swertiamarin to rats.
In a series of studies on the metabolism of iridoid compounds, we investigated the metabolic fate of swertiamarin (1) in Wistar rats. Liquid chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry detected new nitrogen-containing metabolite gentiandiol (3) in rat plasma. The structure of the metabolite was unequivocally identified by comparing the retention time as well as the mass spectrum with those of authentic compound, which was synthesized from swertiamarin (1). The transformation of swertiamarin to nitrogen-containing metabolite gentiandiol (3) in vivo was verified for the first time. Understanding of this unique metabolic pathway may shed light on clinical efficacy of swertiamarin (1) and will also assist in studies for the metabolism of other natural iridoids in vivo. Topics: Administration, Oral; Alkaloids; Animals; Feces; Iridoid Glucosides; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Nitrogen; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Pyrones; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2012 |