stilbenes and fungiqual

The chemiluminescence arising from the reaction of bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate (TCPO) with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of brightener 4,4'-bis{[4,6-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino}stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid-disodium salt (Triazinyl) has been studied. The influence of concentration of TCPO, hydrogen peroxide, Triazinyl, base catalysts and temperature on the resulting chemiluminescence was investigated. The kinetic parameters for the peroxyoxalate-chemiluminescence (PO-CL) of Triazinyl were evaluated from computer fitting of the resulting intensity-time plots. The activation energies, E(a), were evaluated from temperature dependence of the corresponding rise and fall rate constants.

Topics: Fluorescence; Hydrogen Peroxide; Luminescent Measurements; Oxalates; Sodium Compounds; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Stilbenes; Time Factors; Triazines

To optimize diagnosis of histoplasmosis in tissue sections, 30 spleen specimens from mice, experimentally infected with Histoplasma capsulatum, were examined by H&E, Grocott stain, anti-bacille Calmette-Guerin antibody immunostain, Fungiqual A fluorochrome stain (Drs Reinehr and Rembold, Kandern, Germany), and a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results were compared with the tissue burden determined by quantitative culture. By applying logistic regression, the nested PCR assay was the most sensitive method, but not significantly more sensitive than the Grocott stain. The 50% quantile to achieve a positive result was determined to be 3 colony-forming units per milligram of spleen tissue for the PCR assay, 11 for the Grocott stain, 27 for the fluorochrome stain, 190 for immunostaining, and 533 for the H&E stain. The Grocott and fluorochrome stains did not differ significantly in detecting fungal elements. The PCR assay unambiguously identified H. capsulatum in tissue sections.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Fluorescent Dyes; Histoplasma; Histoplasmosis; Logistic Models; Methenamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mice, Nude; Mycobacterium bovis; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sensitivity and Specificity; Silver Nitrate; Spleen; Staining and Labeling; Stilbenes; Triazines

To evaluate three fluorescent chitin stains for detecting microsporidia spores in specimens from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with chronic diarrhea.. We compared the Fungifluor, Calcofluor White, and Fungiqual A fluorochrome stains for identifying Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Septata intestinalis spores in stool, intestinal fluid, biopsy imprints, and paraffin biopsy sections. The modified chromotrope trichrome stain was used as the standard light microscopic technique for stool and fluid specimens. Stained and unstained paraffin sections and fluid preparations were also evaluated. Multiple specimens from 50 consecutive symptomatic AIDS patients and archival material from known microsporidia-positive AIDS patients were analyzed.. Spores of E bieneusi and S intestinalis fluoresce brightly with all three fluorochrome stains in all of the types of diagnostic specimens. Fluorescing debris and the much larger fungal forms were readily distinguished. Spores were equally well detected in unfixed and formalin-fixed stool specimens, but were not as well detected after sodium acetate-acetic acid, polyvinyl acetate, and ethanol fixation. Bouin's tissue fixative gave a higher background staining than formalin. Spores were readily detected in archival paraffin sections and stool preparations, even when the specimens had been stained previously. Repeat fluorochrome staining was possible. The methods also could detect extraintestinal parasites in paraffin sections.. The three fluorescent chitin stains are sensitive and rapid methods for detecting microsporidia spores in stool, intestinal fluid, biopsy imprint, and tissue specimens, even from archived material.

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Animals; Benzenesulfonates; Biopsy; Body Fluids; Chitin; Diarrhea; Feces; Fixatives; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Intestines; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Microsporida; Microsporidiosis; Pilot Projects; Stilbenes; Triazines

Quantitative determination of fungal mass is easily achieved with a new procedure that detects particle epifluorescence. Fungi are detected after exposure to a fluorescent stain (Fungiqual; CIBA-GEIGY Corp., Summit, N.J.) by using a fluorescence particle concentration analyzer. This report describes a simple fluorescence method for quantitation of either yeast or mycelial forms of fungi. The nature of the staining reaction was studied, and a practical application of this procedure for determination of fungal susceptibility to an antifungal agent is presented.

Topics: Amphotericin B; Colony Count, Microbial; Fluorescence; Fluorescent Dyes; Fluorometry; Fungi; Humans; Molecular Structure; Stilbenes; Triazines