stigmasterol and syringin

Not only neuronal death but also neuritic atrophy and synaptic loss underlie the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease as direct causes of the memory deficit. Extracts of Siberian ginseng (the rhizome of Eleutherococcus senticosus) were shown to have protective effects on the regeneration of neurites and the reconstruction of synapses in rat cultured cortical neurons damaged by amyloid β (Aβ)(25-35), and eleutheroside B was one of the active constituents. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of constituents was conducted to explore active components from Siberian ginseng which can protect against neuritic atrophy induced by Aβ(25-35) in cultured rat cortical neurons. The ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fractions from the methanol extract of Siberian ginseng showed protective effects against Aβ-induced neuritic atrophy. Twelve compounds were isolated from the active fractions and identified. Among them, eleutheroside B, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin showed obvious protective effects against Aβ(25-35)-induced atrophies of axons and dendrites at 1 and 10 μM.

Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Atrophy; Axons; Benzaldehydes; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Coumarins; Dendrites; Eleutherococcus; Fatty Acids; Female; Glucosides; Lignans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neurites; Neurons; Phenylpropionates; Plant Extracts; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sitosterols; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Stigmasterol

To study the chemical constituents of Codonopsis lanceolata.. Chemical constituents were separated with the column chromatographic, and their structures were identified by chemical and spectroscopic methods.. Six compounds were isolated and identified as syringin (1), shikimic acid (2), friedelin (3), alpha-spinasterol (4), stigmasterol (5), stigmasta-7-dien-3beta-ol (6).. Compounds 3-6 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Topics: Codonopsis; Glucosides; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Phenylpropionates; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; Shikimic Acid; Stigmasterol; Triterpenes

To study the chemical constituents from the stems of Acanthopanax gracilistylus.. The chemical constituents of the plant were isolated and puried by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectral data.. Sixteen compounds were isolated and identified as (2S,3S, 4R, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxy-pentadecanoylamino]-heptacosane-1,3,4-triol-8-ene(1a),(2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxy-octadecanoylamino]-lignocer-ane-1,3,4-triol-8-ene(1b), (2S, 3S, 4R, 8E) -2-[(2'R) -2'-hydroxy-heneicosanoylamino]-heneicosane-1,3,4-triol-8-ene (1c), (2S, 3S,4R, 8E)-2-[(2'R) -2'-hydroxy-docosanoylamino] -eicosane-1,3,4-triol-8-ene (1d), (2S, 3S, 4R, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxy-trico-sanoylamino]-nonadecane-1,3,4-triol-8-ene (1e), (2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxy-lignocera-noylamino]-cctadecane-1,3,4-tri-ol-8-ene(1f), 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S, 3S, 4R, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxy-pentadecanoylamino]-nonadecane-1, 3, 4-triol-8-ene (2), 16alpha-hydroxy-ent-kauran-19-ocid (3), 16alphaH, 17-isovaleryloxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (4), coniferin (5), syringin (6), eleutheroside D (7), stigmasterol (8), beta-sitosterol (9), daucosterol (10), pentacosanoic acid (11).. Compounds 1a - f, 2 are isolated from this genus for the first time, and compounds 4, 5, 11 are firstly obtained from Acanthopanax gracilistylus.

Topics: Cinnamates; Eleutherococcus; Glucosides; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Phenylpropionates; Plant Extracts; Plant Stems; Plants, Medicinal; Sitosterols; Stigmasterol