stigmasterol and kaempferol

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) poses a major public-health burden globally. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) is a widely employed herbal medicine in decreasing albuminuria among diabetic patients. However, a holistic network pharmacology strategy to investigate the active components and therapeutic mechanism underlying DKD is still unavailable.. We collected TwHF ingredients and their targets by traditional Chinese Medicine databases (TCMSP). Then, we obtained DKD targets from GeneCards and OMIM and collected and analyzed TwHF-DKD common targets using the STRING database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by Cytoscape and analyzed by MCODE plugin to get clusters. In addition, the cytoHubba software was used to identify hub genes. Finally, all the targets of clusters were subjected for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses via DAVID.. A total of 51 active ingredients in TwHF were identified and hit by 88 potential targets related to DKD. Compounds correspond to more targets include kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and Triptoditerpenic acid B, which appeared to be high-potential compounds. Genes with higher degree including VEGFA, PTGS2, JUN, MAPK8, and HSP90AA1 are hub genes of TwHF against DKD, which are involved in inflammation, insulin resistance, and lipid homeostasis. Kaempferol and VEGFA were represented as the uppermost active ingredient and core gene of TwHF in treating DKD, respectively. DAVID results indicated that TwHF may play a role in treating DKD through AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, insulin resistance, and calcium signaling pathway (. Kaempferol and VEGFA were represented as the uppermost active ingredient and core gene of TwHF in treating DKD, respectively. The key mechanisms of TwHF against DKD might be involved in the reduction of renal inflammation by downregulating VEGFA.

Topics: Cyclooxygenase 2; Databases, Genetic; Databases, Pharmaceutical; Diabetic Nephropathies; Diterpenes; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gene Ontology; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Kaempferols; Kidney; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; Phenanthrenes; Phytotherapy; Protein Interaction Maps; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; Sitosterols; Stigmasterol; Tripterygium; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

To study the chemical constituents from Hibiscus syriacus leaves and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.. Column chromatography including macroporous resins, silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 were used for the isolation and purification of all compounds. Spectroscopic methods including physical and chemical properties, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR were used for the identification of structures. Their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were detected by a 96-well microplate.. 15 compounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol(1), β-daucostero (2), β-amyrin (3), oleanolic acid (4), stigmast-4-en-3-one (5), friedelin (6), syriacusin A (7), kaempferol (8), isovitexin (9), vitexin (10), apigenin (11), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (13), vitexin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (14) and rutin (15).. All the compounds are isolated from the leaves of Hibiscus syriacus for the first time. Taking acarbose as positive control, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of 15 compounds were evaluated. Compounds 7 and 9 have shown strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 of 39.03 ± 0.38 and 32.12 ± 0.62 mg/L, inhibition ratio of 94.95% and 97.15%, respectively.

Topics: alpha-Glucosidases; Apigenin; Glucosides; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; Hibiscus; Kaempferols; Luteolin; Oleanolic Acid; Phytochemicals; Plant Leaves; Sitosterols; Stigmasterol; Triterpenes

To investigate the chemical constituents from Canarium pimela fruits.. Compounds were obtained after separation and purification by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. The structures were identified on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectrum data.. Eight compounds were isolated from Canarium pimela fruits. The structures were identified as amentoflavone (1), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (2), shikimic acid (3), quercetin (4), kaempferol (5), 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid (6), 3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid (7) and stigmasterol (8).. Compounds 1-8 are isolated from Canarium pimela fruits for the first time.

Topics: Burseraceae; Ellagic Acid; Flavones; Fruit; Kaempferols; Phytochemicals; Quercetin; Shikimic Acid; Stigmasterol

To study the chemical constituents of Oxytropis microphylla.. The compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis (EI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR).. Eight compounds were isolated and identified as kaempferol (1), baicalein (2), 5-hydroxy-7, 8, 4'-trimethoxyflavone (3), stigmasterol (4), stigmast-4-en-3beta-ol (5), beta-sitosterol (6), lupenol (7), dehydrocostus lactone (8).. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant, compounds 2, 3, 5, and 8 were isolated for the first time from this genus.

Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Flavanones; Flavonoids; Kaempferols; Lactones; Oxytropis; Sesquiterpenes; Sitosterols; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Stigmasterol; Triterpenes