stearates and glycerol-1-stearate

A novel hyaluronic acid modified transfersome was prepared to deliver drugs to lymphatics through the transdermal route. Doxorubicin loaded HA-GMS-T was able to efficiently penetrate into the deep skin tissue, leading to enhanced absorption by lymphatics. Most importantly, hyaluronic acid effectively improved the uptake of drug loaded nanocarriers by tumor cells.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Cell Line; Doxorubicin; Glycerol; Hyaluronic Acid; Liposomes; Liver; Lymphatic System; MCF-7 Cells; Mice; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Rats, Wistar; Skin; Skin Absorption; Stearates

Surface modification of drugs for inhalation is a possibility to influence interparticulate forces. This can be necessary to achieve a sufficient aerosolisation during powder inhalation as the cohesiveness of the micronised drug can be reduced. In addition, the interaction with propellants in pressurised metered dose inhaler can be changed. This can be used to improve the physical stability of the suspension based formulations. A dry particle coating process was used for the alteration of particle surfaces. The blending of micronised salbutamol sulphate (SBS) with different concentrations of magnesium stearate (Mgst) or glycerol monostearate (GMS) was followed by co-milling with an air jet mill. The powder properties were characterised by SEM, EDX, laser diffraction, BET and inverse gas chromatography. Physical mixtures generated by Turbula blending were compared to co-milled samples. A slight particle size reduction was determined. The Mgst deposition on SBS particles was detected by EDX measurements. The dispersive surface energy of SBS is lowered and the energy distribution is more homogenous for the co-milled samples. This study proves the application of co-milling for surface modification in the inhalation area.

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Albuterol; Glycerol; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Particle Size; Powders; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; Stearates; Stearic Acids; Surface Properties

Nanocarriers are highly interesting delivery systems for the dermal application of drugs. Based on a eudermic alkylpolyglycosid nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nano-structured lipid carriers (NLC) were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion. The ultrasound preparation technique turned out to be convenient and rapid. For reasons of comparison, nanoemulsions were also prepared by high-pressure homogenisation with highly similar physicochemical properties. Cryo electron microscopy was employed to elucidate the microstructure of the ultrasound-engineered nanocarriers. Furthermore, in vitro skin experiments showed excellent skin permeation and penetration properties for flufenamic acid from all formulations. Moreover, ATR-FTIR studies revealed barrier-restorative properties for NLC and SLN. Furthermore, the rheological characteristics of all nanocarriers were determined. In order to increase the viscosity, three different polymers were employed to also prepare semi-solid NLC drug delivery systems. All of them exhibited comparable skin diffusion properties, but may offer improved dermal applicability.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Drug Carriers; Drug Compounding; Emulsions; Flufenamic Acid; Glucans; Glycerol; In Vitro Techniques; Nanoparticles; Rheology; Skin; Skin Absorption; Stearates; Surface-Active Agents; Swine; Triglycerides

5-Hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one, along with (2R)-pterosin B, shikimic acid, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, transtiliroside, beta-sitosterol, daucosterol, glycerol 1-stearate and benzoic acid, were isolated from the young fronds of the bracken fern Pteridium aquilinum. 5-Hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one, shikimic acid and glycerol 1-stearate were isolated from the plant for the first time.

Topics: Benzoic Acid; Flavonoids; Glycerol; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Pteridium; Pyrrolidinones; Sesquiterpenes; Shikimic Acid; Sitosterols; Stearates