solanesol and 4-vinylpyridine

This study quantified casino dealers' occupational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).. We measured casino dealers' exposure to ETS components by analyzing full-shift air and preshift and postshift urine samples.. Casino dealers were exposed to nicotine, 4-vinyl pyridine, benzene, toluene, naphthalene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, solanesol, and respirable suspended particulates. Levels of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in urine increased significantly during an 8-hour work shift both with and without adjustment for creatinine clearance. Creatinine-unadjusted cotinine significantly increased during the 8-hour shift, but creatinine-adjusted cotinine did not increase significantly.. Casino dealers at the three casinos were exposed to airborne ETS components and absorbed an ETS-specific component into their bodies, as demonstrated by detectable levels of urinary NNAL. The casinos should ban smoking on their premises and offer employee smoking cessation programs.

Topics: Acetaldehyde; Cotinine; Creatinine; Formaldehyde; Gambling; Humans; Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; Nevada; Nicotine; Nitrosamines; Occupational Exposure; Particulate Matter; Pyridines; Terpenes; Tobacco Smoke Pollution